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A2 adverb #2,500 가장 일반적인 4분 분량

néanmoins

At the A1 level, you might not use 'néanmoins' yourself, as you usually stick to 'mais' (but). However, you might see it in simple texts. Think of it as a fancy version of 'mais'. It helps you understand that two ideas are being compared. For example: 'Il est petit, néanmoins il est fort' (He is small, however he is strong).
At A2, you start to organize your ideas better. 'Néanmoins' is a great word to add to your writing to avoid repeating 'mais'. It shows you can connect two sentences. You should use it at the beginning of a sentence followed by a comma. It helps you sound more like a native speaker who is careful with their words.
By B1, you should use 'néanmoins' naturally in both speaking and writing. You understand that it expresses a concession. You can use it to balance arguments in a discussion. For instance, 'L'apprentissage du français est difficile ; néanmoins, c'est très gratifiant.' It shows a transition from a negative point to a positive one.
At B2, 'néanmoins' is essential for the 'argumentation' part of the DELF exam. You use it to introduce counter-arguments. You also know that it can be placed after the verb for stylistic variety. You distinguish it from 'en revanche' (used for positive contrast) and 'toutefois' (more formal).
At C1, you use 'néanmoins' to create subtle nuances in complex academic or professional discourses. You are aware of its rhythmic value in a sentence. You might use it to acknowledge a valid point from an opponent before providing a sophisticated rebuttal. It is part of your 'connecteurs logiques' toolkit for high-level synthesis.
At C2, 'néanmoins' is used with precision to manage the flow of highly abstract ideas. You might use it in literary analysis or philosophical debate. You understand its historical weight and how it contributes to the 'clarté française' (French clarity) by explicitly marking the logical structure of your thought.
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

néanmoins 30초 만에

  • Néanmoins is a formal adverb meaning 'nevertheless' or 'however'.
  • It is used to show contrast or concession between two ideas.
  • It is more formal than 'mais' and very common in professional writing.
  • It is usually followed by a comma when starting a sentence.

The French adverb néanmoins is a powerful tool for expressing contrast or concession. At its core, it functions similarly to the English words 'nevertheless' or 'however.' It is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or limits what has just been said, often implying that despite a certain fact, another fact remains true. While it is categorized as A2 for basic recognition, its mastery is a hallmark of B1 and B2 level fluency because it adds a layer of formal sophistication to your speech and writing.

Grammatical Function
It acts as a logical connector (connecteur logique) that links two independent clauses or sentences.
Semantic Weight
It carries a stronger sense of 'despite that' than the simple 'mais' (but).
Etymological Root
Derived from 'néant' (nothing) and 'moins' (less), literally suggesting 'nothing less than that.'

"Le projet est risqué ; néanmoins, nous avons décidé de continuer."

(The project is risky; nevertheless, we decided to continue.)

In everyday conversation, you might hear 'pourtant' or 'mais' more frequently, but néanmoins appears constantly in news reports, literature, and professional emails. It signals to the listener that you are about to provide a nuanced perspective. It doesn't just negate the previous point; it acknowledges it before moving forward.

"Il y avait beaucoup de monde ; néanmoins, l'ambiance était calme."

Synonymic Nuance
Unlike 'toutefois', which is very formal, 'néanmoins' is versatile enough for both semi-formal and formal contexts.

"La situation est difficile, néanmoins nous gardons espoir."

Using néanmoins correctly involves understanding its placement and the punctuation that usually accompanies it. It is most commonly placed at the beginning of the second clause to show a transition. However, unlike 'mais', it is an adverb, which gives it more flexibility in sentence positioning.

  • Standard Placement: At the start of a sentence or after a semicolon.
  • Internal Placement: It can be placed after the verb in the second clause for a more literary effect.
  • End Placement: Rarely, it can appear at the end of a sentence, though this is less common than 'pourtant'.

"Il a échoué ; il a néanmoins appris beaucoup de choses."

(He failed; he nevertheless learned many things.)

When you use it, you are creating a 'concessive' relationship. This means you accept the first premise (the obstacle) but assert the second premise (the result) anyway. It's a key part of logical argumentation in French essays (dissertations).

Punctuation Rule
If starting a sentence, follow it with a comma: "Néanmoins, ..."
Verb Tense
It does not require the subjunctive, unlike 'bien que' or 'quoique'.

You will encounter néanmoins in various media. In French news broadcasts (like France 24 or TF1), journalists use it to pivot between different viewpoints or to report on conflicting data. In the workplace, it is the 'polite pivot'—a way to disagree with a colleague without being blunt.

"Votre proposition est intéressante ; néanmoins, le budget est limité."

In literature, from Balzac to modern novelists, it serves as a rhythmic device to slow down the narrative and introduce complexity. It is less common in very casual street slang (where 'mais bon' or 'quand même' might be used), but anyone with a high school education in France uses it naturally in daily life.

The most frequent mistake for learners is confusing néanmoins with 'par contre' or 'en revanche'. While they all show contrast, 'par contre' is often considered too informal for writing, and 'en revanche' is used specifically for positive contrasts. Néanmoins is neutral and formal.

Mistake 1: Overuse
Using it in every sentence. Vary with 'toutefois' or 'cependant'.
Mistake 2: Placement with 'Mais'
Avoid saying 'Mais néanmoins'. It's redundant. Pick one.

"Mais néanmoins, je pense que..." (Incorrect/Redundant)

"Néanmoins, je pense que..." (Correct)

Understanding the family of 'opposition' words helps you choose the right level of formality. Néanmoins sits in the middle-to-high range.

Cependant
The most common synonym. Very versatile.
Toutefois
More formal, often used in legal or very academic writing.
Pourtant
Stronger sense of 'yet' or 'and yet'. More common in spoken French.
Quoique / Bien que
Conjunctions that require the subjunctive mood.

"Il fait froid ; toutefois, le soleil brille." (Very formal)

How Formal Is It?

격식체

""

비격식체

""

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

Il fait froid, néanmoins je sors.

It is cold, however I am going out.

Simple contrast.

2

C'est cher, néanmoins je l'achète.

It's expensive, nevertheless I'm buying it.

Used like 'but'.

3

Elle est fatiguée, néanmoins elle travaille.

She is tired, however she is working.

Shows effort.

4

Le film est long, néanmoins il est bon.

The movie is long, nevertheless it is good.

Positive contrast.

5

Je n'ai pas faim, néanmoins je mange.

I'm not hungry, however I'm eating.

Simple action.

6

Il pleut, néanmoins nous marchons.

It's raining, nevertheless we are walking.

Weather context.

7

C'est difficile, néanmoins j'essaie.

It's difficult, however I'm trying.

Encouraging tone.

8

Le bus est en retard, néanmoins il arrive.

The bus is late, nevertheless it's coming.

Fact-based.

1

Le restaurant était plein ; néanmoins, nous avons trouvé une table.

The restaurant was full; however, we found a table.

Use of semicolon.

2

Il a oublié son sac ; néanmoins, il a ses clés.

He forgot his bag; nevertheless, he has his keys.

Logical link.

3

L'examen était dur ; néanmoins, j'ai réussi.

The exam was hard; however, I passed.

Concession.

4

Elle ne parle pas bien français ; néanmoins, elle se fait comprendre.

She doesn't speak French well; nevertheless, she makes herself understood.

Communication context.

5

Ce livre est ancien ; néanmoins, il est très intéressant.

This book is old; however, it is very interesting.

Descriptive contrast.

6

Le voyage était long ; néanmoins, c'était magnifique.

The trip was long; nevertheless, it was magnificent.

Travel context.

7

Il n'aime pas le sport ; néanmoins, il court tous les jours.

He doesn't like sports; however, he runs every day.

Habitual contrast.

8

La ville est bruyante ; néanmoins, j'aime y vivre.

The city is noisy; nevertheless, I like living there.

Preference.

1

Les ventes ont baissé ce mois-ci ; néanmoins, nous restons optimistes pour l'avenir.

Sales dropped this month; nevertheless, we remain optimistic for the future.

Professional context.

2

La loi est stricte ; néanmoins, il existe des exceptions pour certains cas.

The law is strict; however, there are exceptions for certain cases.

Legal nuance.

3

Il a beaucoup de talent ; néanmoins, il doit travailler plus pour réussir.

He has a lot of talent; nevertheless, he must work harder to succeed.

Advice/Observation.

4

Le climat change rapidement ; néanmoins, des solutions existent pour ralentir le processus.

The climate is changing rapidly; however, solutions exist to slow the process.

Environmental context.

5

Bien que le film soit court, il est néanmoins très profond.

Although the film is short, it is nevertheless very deep.

Redundant but stylistic use with 'bien que'.

6

L'entreprise est petite ; néanmoins, elle est leader sur son marché.

The company is small; nevertheless, it is a leader in its market.

Business strategy.

7

Il pleuvait à verse ; néanmoins, la cérémonie a eu lieu en plein air.

It was pouring rain; nevertheless, the ceremony took place outdoors.

Event reporting.

8

Ses arguments sont valables ; néanmoins, je ne suis pas totalement convaincu.

His arguments are valid; however, I am not totally convinced.

Debating.

1

Le gouvernement a nié les faits ; néanmoins, les preuves s'accumulent contre lui.

The government denied the facts; nevertheless, evidence is mounting against it.

Journalistic style.

2

La technologie progresse ; néanmoins, elle soulève des questions éthiques majeures.

Technology is progressing; however, it raises major ethical questions.

Philosophical/Technical.

3

Cette mesure est impopulaire ; néanmoins, elle est nécessaire pour l'économie.

This measure is unpopular; nevertheless, it is necessary for the economy.

Political analysis.

4

L'auteur utilise un style simple ; néanmoins, son message est complexe.

The author uses a simple style; however, his message is complex.

Literary criticism.

5

Les ressources sont limitées ; néanmoins, nous devons agir pour les préserver.

Resources are limited; nevertheless, we must act to preserve them.

Urgent tone.

6

Il a été blessé au début du match ; il a néanmoins continué à jouer jusqu'à la fin.

He was injured at the start of the match; he nevertheless continued to play until the end.

Mid-sentence placement.

7

La situation sanitaire s'améliore ; néanmoins, la vigilance reste de mise.

The health situation is improving; however, vigilance remains necessary.

Official announcement.

8

Le budget est serré ; néanmoins, nous avons alloué des fonds à la recherche.

The budget is tight; nevertheless, we have allocated funds to research.

Financial context.

1

La croissance économique est au rendez-vous ; néanmoins, les inégalités sociales se creusent.

Economic growth is present; nevertheless, social inequalities are widening.

Socio-economic analysis.

2

Le paradigme actuel semble solide ; néanmoins, plusieurs anomalies ont été observées.

The current paradigm seems solid; however, several anomalies have been observed.

Academic/Scientific.

3

L'œuvre est inachevée ; néanmoins, elle témoigne du génie de son créateur.

The work is unfinished; nevertheless, it bears witness to the genius of its creator.

Art history.

4

La souveraineté numérique est un défi ; néanmoins, elle est indispensable à l'indépendance nationale.

Digital sovereignty is a challenge; however, it is indispensable for national independence.

Geopolitical discourse.

5

Le traité a été signé ; néanmoins, son application reste sujette à caution.

The treaty has been signed; nevertheless, its application remains questionable.

Diplomatic nuance.

6

L'hypothèse est séduisante ; néanmoins, elle manque de fondements empiriques.

The hypothesis is attractive; however, it lacks empirical foundations.

Scientific critique.

7

Le film a reçu des critiques mitigées ; il n'en reste néanmoins pas moins un succès commercial.

The film received mixed reviews; it nonetheless remains a commercial success.

Advanced 'il n'en reste néanmoins pas moins' structure.

8

La réforme est ambitieuse ; néanmoins, sa mise en œuvre se heurte à des résistances bureaucratiques.

The reform is ambitious; however, its implementation faces bureaucratic resistance.

Administrative analysis.

1

L'ontologie heideggérienne est complexe ; néanmoins, elle ouvre des perspectives inédites sur l'être.

Heideggerian ontology is complex; nevertheless, it opens unprecedented perspectives on being.

Philosophical discourse.

2

Le texte est truffé d'archaïsmes ; néanmoins, la modernité du propos est frappante.

The text is full of archaisms; however, the modernity of the subject matter is striking.

Philological analysis.

3

La structure narrative est déconstruite ; néanmoins, une cohérence thématique émerge au fil de la lecture.

The narrative structure is deconstructed; nevertheless, a thematic coherence emerges throughout the reading.

Literary theory.

4

Les données sont fragmentaires ; néanmoins, elles permettent d'esquisser une tendance globale.

The data are fragmentary; however, they allow for the sketching of a global trend.

Statistical synthesis.

5

Le compromis est fragile ; néanmoins, il constitue l'unique rempart contre l'anarchie.

The compromise is fragile; nevertheless, it constitutes the sole bulwark against anarchy.

Political philosophy.

6

L'esthétique est minimaliste ; néanmoins, la charge émotionnelle est intense.

The aesthetic is minimalist; however, the emotional charge is intense.

Artistic critique.

7

Le verdict est sans appel ; néanmoins, la défense compte introduire un recours en cassation.

The verdict is final; nevertheless, the defense intends to file an appeal in cassation.

High-level legal procedure.

8

La théorie est élégante ; néanmoins, elle se heurte à l'irréductible complexité du réel.

The theory is elegant; nevertheless, it clashes with the irreducible complexity of reality.

Epistemological reflection.

자주 쓰는 조합

Il n'en reste néanmoins pas moins
Néanmoins utile
Néanmoins nécessaire
Néanmoins vrai
Néanmoins possible
Néanmoins difficile
Néanmoins important
Néanmoins présent
Néanmoins rare
Néanmoins efficace

자주 쓰는 구문

Néanmoins, je pense que...

C'est néanmoins vrai.

Il est néanmoins possible de...

Néanmoins, il faut noter que...

Je vous remercie néanmoins.

Néanmoins, la question reste posée.

Néanmoins, le doute subsiste.

C'est néanmoins un progrès.

Néanmoins, nous devons agir.

Néanmoins, rien n'est sûr.

자주 혼동되는 단어

néanmoins vs Par contre

néanmoins vs En revanche

néanmoins vs Pourtant

관용어 및 표현

""

혼동하기 쉬운

néanmoins vs Pourtant

More common in speech, stronger sense of 'and yet'.

néanmoins vs Toutefois

More formal, strictly literary/legal.

néanmoins vs Cependant

Most common neutral synonym.

néanmoins vs Nonobstant

Extremely formal/archaic.

néanmoins vs Malgré

Preposition, followed by a noun, not a clause.

문장 패턴

어휘 가족

관련

사용법

formality

High

frequency

Medium-High in writing, Medium in speech

자주 하는 실수
  • Using 'néanmoins' with 'mais' (redundancy).
  • Forgetting the comma when starting a sentence.
  • Spelling it as 'néamoins' (missing the second 'n').
  • Using it in very informal text messages where 'mais' is better.
  • Confusing it with 'par contre' (which is more for direct opposition).

팁

Email Professionalism

Use 'néanmoins' when replying to a client to acknowledge their point before explaining a constraint.

Semicolon Buddy

It loves being preceded by a semicolon to link two closely related but contrasting thoughts.

Variety

In an essay, alternate between 'néanmoins', 'cependant', and 'toutefois' to show a wide vocabulary.

The Polite Pivot

Use it to soften a 'no' in a professional setting.

News Logic

When you see it in a news article, expect the next sentence to challenge the previous one.

Etymology Trick

Remember 'Néant' (nothing) + 'Moins' (less). Nothing less than the truth!

Double Connectors

Never use 'mais' and 'néanmoins' together in the same breath.

DELF B2 Tip

Using this word correctly in the 'Production Écrite' will earn you points for structure.

Concession

It's perfect for admitting a small failure while highlighting a bigger success.

Intonation

Speakers often raise their pitch slightly on the first syllable 'né-'.

암기하기

기억법

Néanmoins = No-Less-Means (Nevertheless).

어원

Old French

문화적 맥락

Common in politics and high-level journalism.

Formal to semi-formal.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"C'est une bonne idée, néanmoins, avez-vous pensé au coût ?"

"Le film était long, néanmoins, qu'en as-tu pensé ?"

"Il pleut, néanmoins, on va au parc ?"

"La situation est complexe, néanmoins, il y a de l'espoir, non ?"

"C'est difficile, néanmoins, tu vas continuer ?"

일기 주제

Décrivez une situation difficile que vous avez vécue, mais qui était néanmoins positive.

Quel est un film que vous n'aimez pas, mais qui est néanmoins célèbre ?

Parlez d'un voyage fatigant qui était néanmoins magnifique.

Est-ce que la technologie est dangereuse ? Néanmoins, est-elle utile ?

Décrivez votre journée : il y avait des problèmes, néanmoins...

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, it is significantly more formal and used in writing.

Yes, it is very common to start a sentence with it, followed by a comma.

No, it is an adverb and does not affect the mood of the verb.

They are very similar, but 'toutefois' is slightly more formal.

It is generally considered redundant and should be avoided.

Less often than 'pourtant' or 'quand même', but still understood.

It sounds like 'ay-ah' with a nasal 'an'.

It is one single word.

It is rare; 'pourtant' is preferred at the end of a sentence.

It comes from 'nothing less', implying the second fact is not less true than the first.

셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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