B1 Conditionals 1 min read 보통

Present Conditional Suffix -na/-ne/-ná/-né

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The -na/-ne suffix turns a verb into its conditional form, expressing 'would' or a hypothetical situation.

  • Add -né to the stem if the verb ends in 's', 'sz', 'z', or 'dz'. Example: 'eszik' -> 'enné'.
  • Add -na/-ne to the stem based on vowel harmony. Example: 'vár' -> 'várna'.
  • Use it for wishes, polite requests, or hypothetical 'if' clauses. Example: 'Segítene?' (Would you help?).
Verb Stem + (-na/-ne/-ná/-né) + Personal Ending

Conditional Conjugation (Indefinite)

Person Suffix Example (Vár - to wait)
I
-nék
várnék
You (sg)
-nél
várnál
He/She/It
-na
várna
We
-nánk
várnánk
You (pl)
-nátok
várnátok
They
-nának
várnának

Meanings

The conditional mood is used to express actions that are hypothetical, desired, or dependent on a condition.

1

Hypothetical

Actions that would happen if a condition were met.

“Ha gazdag lennék, utaznék.”

“Megvenném a házat.”

2

Polite Request

Softening a command into a polite request.

“Segítene nekem?”

“Kérnék egy kávét.”

3

Wish/Desire

Expressing a personal wish.

“Bárcsak itt lennél!”

“Szeretnék aludni.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Present Conditional Suffix -na/-ne/-ná/-né
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Stem + na/ne
Várna
Negative
Nem + Stem + na/ne
Nem várna
Question
Stem + na/ne + ?
Várna?
Short Answer
Igen/Nem
Igen, várna.
Polite Request
Stem + nék
Kérnék
Hypothetical
Ha + ... + na/ne
Ha tudná

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Kérnék egy kávét.

Kérnék egy kávét. (Ordering in a cafe)

중립
Szeretnék egy kávét.

Szeretnék egy kávét. (Ordering in a cafe)

비격식체
Egy kávét kérnék.

Egy kávét kérnék. (Ordering in a cafe)

속어
Beugrana egy kávé.

Beugrana egy kávé. (Ordering in a cafe)

Conditional Uses

Conditional (-na/-ne)

Politeness

  • Kérnék I would like

Hypothetical

  • Ha lenne If I had

Wishes

  • Bárcsak If only
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수준별 예문

1

Kérnék egy kávét.

I would like a coffee.

2

Segítene?

Would you help?

3

Innék valamit.

I would drink something.

4

Vennék egy almát.

I would buy an apple.

1

Ha lenne időm, olvasnék.

If I had time, I would read.

2

Elmennél velem?

Would you go with me?

3

Bárcsak itt lennél!

I wish you were here!

4

Nem enném meg ezt.

I wouldn't eat this.

1

Megtenném, ha tudnám.

I would do it if I knew how.

2

Mit csinálnál a helyemben?

What would you do in my place?

3

Nem hívnám fel őt.

I wouldn't call him/her.

4

Elutaznánk, ha lehetne.

We would travel if it were possible.

1

Ha több pénzem lenne, befektetném.

If I had more money, I would invest it.

2

Nem gondoltam volna, hogy eljössz.

I wouldn't have thought you'd come.

3

Megoldhatnánk ezt közösen.

We could solve this together.

4

Szívesen elmennék, de dolgozom.

I would gladly go, but I'm working.

1

Bárcsak hamarabb szóltál volna!

If only you had told me sooner!

2

A helyedben nem kockáztatnék.

In your shoes, I wouldn't take the risk.

3

Nem lenne szabad ezt tenni.

One shouldn't do this.

4

Akárhogy is lenne, mennünk kell.

However it may be, we must go.

1

Ha tudtam volna, el sem indultam volna.

Had I known, I wouldn't have even started.

2

Még ha kérnék is, nem adná.

Even if I were to ask, he wouldn't give it.

3

Nem volna illendő ilyet kérdezni.

It wouldn't be appropriate to ask such a thing.

4

Bár ne történt volna meg!

If only it hadn't happened!

혼동하기 쉬운

Present Conditional Suffix -na/-ne/-ná/-né 대 Subjunctive

Both can express wishes, but subjunctive is for commands/requirements.

Present Conditional Suffix -na/-ne/-ná/-né 대 Future Tense

Learners mix up 'will' and 'would'.

Present Conditional Suffix -na/-ne/-ná/-né 대 Imperative

Learners use conditional to command.

자주 하는 실수

✗

Várna-k

✓

Várnék

Wrong personal ending for 'I'.
✗

Eszna

✓

Enné

Forgot the sibilant rule.
✗

Várne

✓

Várna

Vowel harmony error.
✗

Kérna

✓

Kérne

Vowel harmony error.
✗

Ha van pénzem, vennék.

✓

Ha lenne pénzem, vennék.

Conditional requires conditional in the 'if' clause.
✗

Szeretnék egy kávé.

✓

Szeretnék egy kávét.

Missing accusative case.
✗

Bárcsak vagyok ott.

✓

Bárcsak ott lennék.

Wish requires conditional.
✗

Tudtam volna, ha mondtad.

✓

Tudtam volna, ha mondtad volna.

Conditional perfect needs both parts.
✗

Nem csinálnám ezt, ha én te vagyok.

✓

Nem csinálnám ezt, ha én te lennék.

Conditional for 'to be'.
✗

Kérnék egy vizet, kérem.

✓

Kérnék egy vizet.

Redundant politeness.
✗

Bárcsak eljött volna.

✓

Bárcsak eljöttél volna.

Wrong person.
✗

Nem volna illik.

✓

Nem volna illendő.

Adjective usage.
✗

Akárhogy is lenne, menni kell.

✓

Akárhogy is lenne, mennünk kell.

Missing possessive suffix.

문장 패턴

Kérnék egy ___.

Ha lenne ___, elmennék.

Mit csinálnál, ha ___?

Bárcsak ___ lennél!

Real World Usage

Ordering food constant

Kérnék egy pizzát.

Job interview common

Hogyan oldanád meg?

Texting friends very common

Elmennél?

Travel common

Megnézném a várost.

Social media common

Bárcsak ott lennék!

Asking for directions common

Megmondaná az utat?

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💡

Vowel Harmony

Always check the last vowel of the stem before adding -na or -ne.
⚠️

Sibilants

Don't forget the -ná/-né rule for s, sz, z, dz.
🎯

Politeness

Use the conditional to sound like a native speaker in shops.
💬

Wishes

Use 'bárcsak' with the conditional for emotional impact.

Smart Tips

Always use 'Kérnék' instead of 'Kérek'.

Kérek egy kávét. → Kérnék egy kávét.

Use the conditional for suggestions.

Elmegyünk moziba? → Elmennénk moziba?

Start with 'Bárcsak'.

Itt vagy. → Bárcsak itt lennél!

Match the conditional in the question.

Mit csinálsz, ha nyersz? → Mit csinálnál, ha nyernél?

발음

Vár-na (back), Kér-ne (front)

Vowel Harmony

Ensure the vowels in the suffix match the stem.

Polite Request

Segítene? ↗

Rising intonation at the end makes it softer.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'NA' as 'Not Actual'—it's a dream or a request, not a fact.

시각적 연상

Imagine a cloud floating above your head. Inside the cloud are things you 'would' do. Every time you say a word ending in -na/-ne, imagine grabbing a piece of that cloud.

Rhyme

If you want to say 'would', add -na or -ne, it's all for the good!

Story

I am sitting in a cafe. I think: 'Kérnék (I would like) a coffee.' Then I think: 'Ha lenne (If I had) money, I would buy the whole shop.' Finally, I whisper: 'Bárcsak (I wish) I were a millionaire!'

Word Web

KérnékLenneTudnámMennékVennékSegítene

챌린지

Write 3 sentences about what you would do if you were in Budapest right now.

문화 노트

Hungarians value politeness. Using the conditional is the standard way to avoid sounding demanding.

The conditional suffix evolved from the ancient Uralic potential mood.

대화 시작하기

“

Mit csinálnál, ha nyernél a lottón?

“

Kérnél egy kávét?

“

Hova utaznál el szívesen?

“

Mit tennél, ha találkoznál a kedvenc színészeddel?

일기 주제

Írj arról, mit csinálnál egy szabad napon.
Mit változtatnál a világon, ha te lennél a vezető?
Írj egy történetet, ami 'Bárcsak...' kezdetű.
Mit tanácsolnál magadnak 5 évvel ezelőtt?

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Kérnék egy ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kávét
Accusative case needed.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

Vár___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: na
Vowel harmony.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Eszna egy almát.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Enné
Sibilant rule.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ha lenne pénzem, autót vennék.
Correct conditional structure.
Translate to Hungarian. 번역

I would help.

Answer starts with: Seg...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Segítenék.
Conditional 'I' form.
Conjugate 'vár' for 'we'. Conjugation Drill

Vár___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nánk
Correct personal suffix.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I would like
Meaning of kérnék.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

Ha ___ időm, elmennék.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lenne
Conditional in if-clause.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Kérnék egy ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kávét
Accusative case needed.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

Vár___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: na
Vowel harmony.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Eszna egy almát.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Enné
Sibilant rule.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

pénzem / Ha / lenne / vennék / autót

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ha lenne pénzem, autót vennék.
Correct conditional structure.
Translate to Hungarian. 번역

I would help.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Segítenék.
Conditional 'I' form.
Conjugate 'vár' for 'we'. Conjugation Drill

Vár___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nánk
Correct personal suffix.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Kérnék

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I would like
Meaning of kérnék.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

Ha ___ időm, elmennék.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lenne
Conditional in if-clause.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

Use vowel harmony. If the stem has back vowels (a, o, u), use -na. If it has front vowels (e, ö, ü), use -ne.

Verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz take the long -ná/-né suffix.

No, the conditional is for hypothetical 'would'. Use the future tense for 'will'.

Yes, it's perfect for hypothetical questions like 'How would you handle this?'

'Kérek' is 'I want/ask for' (direct). 'Kérnék' is 'I would like' (polite).

Not always. You can use it for wishes ('Bárcsak...') or polite requests without 'ha'.

It is neutral, but it is the standard way to be polite in formal settings.

Use the past tense + 'volna'. Example: 'Megtettem volna'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

German high

Konjunktiv II

German uses an auxiliary verb, Hungarian uses a suffix.

French high

Conditionnel

French endings are based on the infinitive.

Spanish high

Condicional

Spanish endings are uniform across all verbs.

Japanese moderate

tara

Japanese is agglutinative but uses particles, not suffixes.

Arabic low

law

Arabic is not agglutinative.

Chinese low

huì

Chinese is isolating, not agglutinative.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Vowel Harmony

Prerequisite

You cannot form the conditional without it.

Subjunctive Mood

Contrast

Often confused with the conditional.

Future Tense

Contrast

Often confused with the conditional.

Accusative Case

Builds On

Needed for objects of conditional verbs.

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