뜻
to know influential people
문화적 배경
The term 'układ' (the system/arrangement) is often used alongside 'powiązania' to describe a shadowy network of post-communist elites. It's a very sensitive political topic. In the US, 'networking' is seen as a positive skill. In Poland, 'mieć powiązania' can sound more suspicious, implying that merit was ignored in favor of contacts. The concept of 'Guanxi' is much more formalized than 'powiązania'. While 'powiązania' is often a term used by outsiders to describe a group, 'Guanxi' is something people openly build and maintain. Similar to the concept of 'clientelismo', where political support is traded for favors. 'Powiązania' is the term used to describe these client-patron links in a Polish context.
Use with Adjectives
To sound like a native, always pair 'powiązania' with an adjective like 'rozległe' (extensive) or 'niejasne' (unclear).
Avoid 'do'
Never say 'powiązania do'. It's always 'z' (with) or 'w' (in).
뜻
to know influential people
Use with Adjectives
To sound like a native, always pair 'powiązania' with an adjective like 'rozległe' (extensive) or 'niejasne' (unclear).
Avoid 'do'
Never say 'powiązania do'. It's always 'z' (with) or 'w' (in).
The 'Układ' Nuance
Be careful using this phrase in Polish politics; it can sound like you are accusing someone of corruption.
Formal Writing
In formal reports, use 'powiązania kapitałowe' to describe company ownership links.
셀프 테스트
Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'powiązania' and the correct preposition.
Policja bada jego _________ _________ światem przestępczym.
The verb 'badać' takes the accusative (powiązania), and the phrase requires 'z' + instrumental (światem).
Which sentence uses the phrase in a natural, formal way?
Select the best option:
This is a perfect professional use of the phrase. The others are either too casual, use the wrong preposition, or use the phrase for romantic/physical links.
Match the register with the correct sentence.
Registers: 1. Formal, 2. Slang, 3. Neutral
'Plecy' is slang, 'powiązania' is neutral/formal, and 'posiada... instytucjonalne' is very formal.
Complete the dialogue naturally.
A: Jak on dostał tę pracę bez doświadczenia? B: To proste, jego ojciec _________.
'Mieć powiązania w' + locative is the correct way to describe influence within an organization.
🎉 점수: /4
시각 학습 자료
Znajomości vs Powiązania
연습 문제 은행
4 연습 문제Policja bada jego _________ _________ światem przestępczym.
The verb 'badać' takes the accusative (powiązania), and the phrase requires 'z' + instrumental (światem).
Select the best option:
This is a perfect professional use of the phrase. The others are either too casual, use the wrong preposition, or use the phrase for romantic/physical links.
왼쪽의 각 항목을 오른쪽의 짝과 연결하세요:
'Plecy' is slang, 'powiązania' is neutral/formal, and 'posiada... instytucjonalne' is very formal.
A: Jak on dostał tę pracę bez doświadczenia? B: To proste, jego ojciec _________.
'Mieć powiązania w' + locative is the correct way to describe influence within an organization.
🎉 점수: /4
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문Not necessarily, but it often carries a hint of suspicion. In business, it can be neutral (meaning 'well-connected'), but in politics, it's usually negative.
Only if you are talking about influential family ties in a formal way. For 'I have a big family', just say 'Mam dużą rodzinę'.
'Znajomości' are personal acquaintances. 'Powiązania' are structural or institutional links.
You say 'Nie mam żadnych powiązań'. Note the genitive case 'powiązań' after negation.
Rarely. 'Powiązanie' (singular) usually refers to a single logical or physical link. For social influence, we almost always use the plural.
No, that would be 'obserwujący'. 'Powiązania' implies a deeper, functional relationship.
It means 'shady' or 'unclear' connections, often implying corruption or criminal activity.
'Mieć plecy' is the slang version. It specifically means someone is protecting you from above.
Yes, if you want to highlight your professional network. 'Mam szerokie powiązania w branży' sounds very professional.
Yes, 'mieć' takes the accusative, and the following preposition 'z' takes the instrumental case.
관련 표현
mieć znajomości
similarto have acquaintances
mieć plecy
synonymto have someone's support/protection
mieć chody
similarto have 'ins'
być zamieszanym w
builds onto be involved in
sieć kontaktów
specialized formnetwork of contacts
