deve 30초 만에
- Core meaning: should or must.
- Used for obligation, advice, and probability.
- Conjugation for 'ele/ela/você' is 'deve'.
- Often followed by an infinitive verb.
The Portuguese word 'deve' is a conjugation of the verb 'dever'. It's a very common and versatile verb, primarily used to express obligation, necessity, probability, or duty. In English, it most frequently translates to 'should' or 'must'. The specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence. For instance, when talking about rules or strong obligations, 'deve' leans towards 'must'. When suggesting a course of action or expressing what is advisable, it translates more closely to 'should'. It's a fundamental verb for expressing recommendations, requirements, and expectations in Portuguese.
- Obligation/Necessity
- When there's a strong requirement or something that is necessary, 'deve' is used. This often implies a rule or a strong personal conviction.
- Recommendation/Advice
- When giving advice or suggesting what is a good idea to do, 'deve' is used, similar to 'should' in English.
- Probability/Supposition
- It can also be used to express a strong likelihood or a reasoned guess about something that is probably true.
Você deve estudar para a prova.
O trem deve chegar em cinco minutos.
The verb 'dever' is a regular -er verb, but the third-person singular present indicative form is 'deve'. This form is used when the subject is 'ele' (he), 'ela' (she), or 'você' (you, formal/informal depending on region). It's crucial to master this conjugation as it appears in countless everyday sentences. For example, when telling someone what they need to do for their health, you might say, 'Você deve comer mais frutas.' (You should eat more fruit.) If you are stating a requirement, like a rule for a library, you would say, 'Os livros devem ser devolvidos em duas semanas.' (The books must be returned in two weeks.) The versatility of 'deve' makes it an essential building block for expressing a wide range of meanings, from strong imperatives to gentle suggestions.
- Everyday Usage
- You'll hear 'deve' constantly in daily conversations, whether it's about personal responsibilities, societal expectations, or predictions about the future.
- Formal vs. Informal
- While 'deve' itself is neutral, the context and the subject pronoun (e.g., 'você' vs. 'tu') can indicate formality. However, the verb form remains the same for 'ele', 'ela', and 'você'.
Eu deve ir para casa agora.
The primary structure involving 'deve' is when it's followed by an infinitive verb. This combination expresses obligation, advisability, or probability. The subject of the sentence determines the conjugation of 'deve', which is 'deve' for 'ele', 'ela', and 'você' in the present tense. For instance, 'Ele deve chegar cedo.' means 'He must/should arrive early.' The context dictates whether it's a strong obligation or a recommendation. If someone is giving advice about health, they might say, 'Você deve beber água.' (You should drink water.) If a rule is being stated, like in a workplace, it could be, 'O funcionário deve usar o crachá.' (The employee must wear the badge.)
- Structure: Subject + deve + Infinitive
- This is the most common structure. The infinitive verb that follows 'deve' indicates the action that is obligatory, recommended, or probable.
- Expressing Obligation/Necessity
- 'Ele deve pagar a conta até sexta-feira.' (He must pay the bill by Friday.) This conveys a strong obligation.
- Expressing Advice/Recommendation
- 'Você deve experimentar este restaurante, é ótimo!' (You should try this restaurant, it's great!) This is a strong recommendation.
- Expressing Probability/Supposition
- 'O João deve estar em casa agora, ele sempre volta às seis.' (João must be home now, he always comes back at six.) This expresses a high probability.
A Maria deve estudar mais para ter boas notas.
Consider the different subjects: 'Eu' (I) would use 'eu devo', 'Tu' (You, informal) would use 'tu deves', 'Ele/Ela/Você' (He/She/You) use 'ele/ela/você deve', 'Nós' (We) use 'nós devemos', 'Vós' (You, plural informal) use 'vós deveis', and 'Eles/Elas/Vocês' (They/You, plural) use 'eles/elas/vocês devem'. For 'deve', we are focusing on the third-person singular forms. Sentences like 'O carro deve ser consertado.' (The car must be repaired.) use the passive voice, where 'deve' is followed by the past participle used as an adjective or part of a passive construction. However, the most frequent pattern for learners is 'deve + infinitive'.
- Negative Sentences
- To form a negative, 'não' is placed before 'deve'. For example, 'Ele não deve fumar aqui.' (He must not smoke here. / He shouldn't smoke here.)
- Questions
- Questions are typically formed by intonation or by inverting the word order, though inversion is less common in spoken Portuguese for this structure. 'Deve ele ir?' (Must he go?) or simply 'Ele deve ir?' with rising intonation.
Você deve tentar fazer isso.
You will encounter 'deve' in virtually every aspect of Portuguese communication. In everyday conversations, parents often tell their children, 'Você deve escovar os dentes antes de dormir.' (You must brush your teeth before sleeping.) Friends might recommend a movie by saying, 'Você deve assistir a este filme, é muito bom!' (You must watch this movie, it's very good!) In professional settings, instructions or rules frequently use 'deve'. For example, a manager might tell an employee, 'O relatório deve ser entregue até o final do dia.' (The report must be submitted by the end of the day.) News reports often use it to convey official requirements or probabilities: 'O governo deve anunciar novas medidas amanhã.' (The government is expected to announce new measures tomorrow.)
- Family Conversations
- Parents advising children, 'Você deve fazer o seu dever de casa.' (You must do your homework.)
- Friend Recommendations
- 'Aquele restaurante deve ser incrível, todos falam bem dele.' (That restaurant must be amazing, everyone speaks well of it.)
- Workplace Instructions
- 'O documento deve ser assinado em três vias.' (The document must be signed in triplicate.)
- Public Announcements
- 'Todos devem usar máscara neste local.' (Everyone must wear a mask in this place.)
- Weather Forecasts
- 'A temperatura deve subir amanhã.' (The temperature is expected to rise tomorrow.)
O atleta deve treinar todos os dias.
In educational contexts, teachers say things like, 'Você deve ler este capítulo antes da próxima aula.' (You must read this chapter before the next class.) Even in casual chats about plans, you'll hear it: 'Nós deve ir à praia no fim de semana.' (We should go to the beach on the weekend.) The ubiquity of 'deve' makes it impossible to miss once you start paying attention to Portuguese spoken language.
O carro deve estar aqui em breve.
Learners often confuse the conjugation of 'dever'. Remember that for 'ele', 'ela', and 'você' (he, she, you - formal/informal), the correct present tense form is 'deve'. Some learners might incorrectly use 'devo' (I must/should) or other conjugations when the subject is not 'eu'. Another common pitfall is the overuse or underuse of 'deve' when another modal verb might be more appropriate, though for A1, 'deve' is the most critical one to master. A more nuanced mistake is not distinguishing between the strong obligation ('must') and the recommendation ('should') based on context. For instance, saying 'Você deve comer muito açúcar' (You must eat a lot of sugar) when the intended meaning is 'You shouldn't eat a lot of sugar' can lead to misunderstandings. The negative form is also a point of confusion; 'não deve' means 'must not' or 'should not', and it's important to place 'não' correctly before 'deve'.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Using 'devo' when the subject is 'ele' or 'ela'. For example, saying 'Ele devo ir' instead of 'Ele deve ir'.
- Misinterpreting Obligation vs. Advice
- Using 'deve' for a weak suggestion when a stronger word might be needed, or vice-versa. However, for A1, the main goal is understanding the basic 'should/must' meaning.
- Incorrect Negative Formation
- Forgetting to place 'não' before 'deve' to create a negative command or prohibition. Forgetting 'não' in 'Ele não deve entrar' (He must not enter) would change the meaning entirely.
- Confusing with 'ter que'
- While 'ter que' also means 'to have to', 'dever' often carries a stronger sense of moral obligation or probability. Beginners should focus on 'deve' first.
Incorrect: Ele devo estudar. Correct: Ele deve estudar.
Another mistake is assuming 'deve' always translates to 'should'. While it often does, in contexts of strict rules or laws, it functions more like 'must'. For example, 'O motorista deve parar no sinal vermelho.' (The driver must stop at the red light.) If a learner translates this as 'should', it might imply a weaker obligation than intended. Mastering the nuances comes with practice and exposure to various contexts.
Incorrect: Ela devo sair. Correct: Ela deve sair.
While 'deve' is highly versatile, other words and phrases can express similar meanings, often with subtle differences in nuance or formality. For obligation, 'ter que' (to have to) is a very common alternative. For example, 'Eu tenho que ir' (I have to go) is very similar in meaning to 'Eu devo ir' (I must/should go). However, 'dever' can sometimes imply a moral obligation or a strong recommendation, whereas 'ter que' is often more about a practical necessity or external requirement. For instance, 'Você deve ser honesto' (You should/must be honest) carries a moral weight that 'Você tem que ser honesto' might not as strongly convey. 'Precisar de' (to need to) is another option, often used for necessities: 'Ele precisa de comprar pão' (He needs to buy bread), which is similar to 'Ele deve comprar pão' (He should/must buy bread), but 'precisar de' emphasizes the lack or necessity more directly.
- 'deve' vs. 'ter que'
- 'deve': Can express obligation, strong recommendation, or probability. Often implies a moral or logical necessity.
'ter que': Primarily expresses obligation or necessity due to external circumstances or rules. Very common for practical requirements.
Example: 'Eu devo estudar para o exame.' (I must/should study for the exam - general obligation/recommendation) vs. 'Eu tenho que estudar para o exame porque é amanhã.' (I have to study for the exam because it's tomorrow - pressing necessity). - 'deve' vs. 'precisar de'
- 'deve': Covers a broader range of meanings including advice and probability.
'precisar de': Specifically focuses on a need or requirement.
Example: 'Você deve beber mais água.' (You should drink more water - advice) vs. 'Você precisa de beber mais água para se manter hidratado.' (You need to drink more water to stay hydrated - emphasizing the need). - 'deve' vs. 'poder' (in modal sense)
- 'deve': Expresses obligation, necessity, or probability.
'poder': Expresses possibility, ability, or permission.
Example: 'Ele deve estar cansado.' (He must be tired - probability) vs. 'Ele pode estar cansado.' (He might be tired / He can be tired - possibility/ability).
Eu devo ir agora. (I must/should go now.)
In formal contexts, 'cumprir' (to fulfill/comply) might be used in constructions related to duty, but 'deve' is more direct for expressing the obligation itself. For probability, 'provavelmente' (probably) can be used with other verbs, but 'deve' is a concise way to express likelihood. For instance, 'Provavelmente vai chover' (It will probably rain) is similar in meaning to 'O tempo deve chover' (It is expected to rain).
- 'deve' vs. 'ser obrigado a'
- 'deve': More common and versatile.
'ser obrigado a': More formal and emphasizes being forced or compelled.
Example: 'O cidadão deve respeitar a lei.' (The citizen must respect the law.) vs. 'O cidadão é obrigado a respeitar a lei.' (The citizen is obliged to respect the law - more formal/legalistic).
Ele tem que terminar o trabalho hoje.
How Formal Is It?
"É imperativo que o conselho <strong>deve</strong> deliberar sobre a proposta."
"Você <strong>deve</strong> beber água para se manter hidratado."
"Cara, você <strong>deve</strong> ver esse filme!"
"O gatinho <strong>deve</strong> dormir agora."
재미있는 사실
The concept of 'owing' is deeply rooted in the word's history. Just as we might say 'I owe you one' in English, the Portuguese 'dever' carries this same fundamental idea of obligation or something that is due. This historical connection helps explain why 'dever' is used for both financial debts and moral obligations.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing the 'e' too long or too closed, like in 'day' or 'feet'.
- Not voicing the 'v' sound, making it sound like 'f'.
- Adding an extra vowel sound at the end.
난이도
Recognizing 'deve' in reading is straightforward, especially when followed by an infinitive. Understanding the nuanced difference between 'should' and 'must' requires more context awareness.
Correctly conjugating 'dever' for different subjects and choosing the appropriate modal meaning ('should' vs. 'must' vs. probability) can be challenging for learners.
Using 'deve' spontaneously and correctly in conversation, especially distinguishing its modal nuances, requires practice.
Identifying 'deve' in spoken Portuguese is relatively easy due to its commonality and distinct pronunciation. Understanding its meaning depends on the surrounding context.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Conjugation of 'Dever' in the Present Indicative
Eu devo, Tu deves, Ele/Ela/Você deve, Nós devemos, Vós deveis, Eles/Elas/Vocês devem.
Modal Verbs followed by Infinitive
'Deve' is often followed by an infinitive verb to express modality. Ex: 'Ele deve comer.' (He must eat.)
Formation of Negative Sentences with Modal Verbs
The particle 'não' precedes the modal verb. Ex: 'Ela não deve sair.' (She must not go out.)
Infinitive as a Noun
While 'deve' is a verb, infinitives can sometimes act as nouns. This is not directly related to 'deve' itself but is a general grammar point.
Impersonal 'Se'
'Deve-se' is used for impersonal statements. Ex: 'Deve-se respeitar os idosos.' (One must respect the elderly.)
수준별 예문
Você deve comer frutas.
You should eat fruits.
'deve' is the third-person singular present indicative of 'dever', used with 'você'.
Ele deve chegar cedo.
He must/should arrive early.
'deve' is used with the third-person singular pronoun 'ele'.
O trem deve chegar agora.
The train should/must arrive now.
'deve' expresses probability or an expected event.
Eu devo ir para casa.
I must/should go home.
Note: This is 'eu devo', not 'deve'. For 'deve', the subject is 'ele/ela/você'.
Ela deve estudar.
She must/should study.
'deve' is used with the third-person singular pronoun 'ela'.
Nós devemos pagar.
We must/should pay.
Note: This is 'nós devemos', not 'deve'. For 'deve', the subject is 'ele/ela/você'.
Você deve ser gentil.
You should be kind.
'deve' used for advice or a moral guideline.
O livro deve estar aqui.
The book must/should be here.
Expresses a supposition or expectation.
Onde você deve ir?
Where should you go?
Question form using 'deve' with 'você'.
Ele não deve fumar aqui.
He must not smoke here.
Negative form: 'não deve' expresses prohibition or strong advice against.
A reunião deve começar às 10h.
The meeting should/must start at 10 AM.
Expresses an expected schedule.
Você deve limpar o seu quarto.
You must clean your room.
A direct command or strong obligation.
Ela deve ter muitos amigos.
She must have many friends.
Expresses a strong assumption or probability.
O que você deve fazer agora?
What should you do now?
Asking for advice or direction.
Nós devemos respeitar os mais velhos.
We must respect the elders.
Moral obligation.
Este carro deve ser caro.
This car must be expensive.
Expresses a strong assumption based on appearance.
Se você quer aprender, você deve praticar todos os dias.
If you want to learn, you should practice every day.
Conditional sentence linking a goal with the necessary action.
O governo deve implementar novas leis de proteção ambiental.
The government must implement new environmental protection laws.
'deve' used for official policy or obligation.
Não se deve desperdiçar comida.
One should not waste food.
Impersonal use of 'deve' (equivalent to 'se deve').
Ela deve estar muito feliz com a notícia.
She must be very happy with the news.
Expressing a high degree of certainty about someone's emotional state.
Para manter a saúde, você deve fazer exercícios regularmente.
To maintain health, you must exercise regularly.
Connecting a health goal with an obligatory action.
O relatório deve ser entregue até sexta-feira.
The report must be submitted by Friday.
Deadline-related obligation.
Eles devem chegar a qualquer momento.
They should/must arrive at any moment.
Expressing immediate expectation or probability.
Você deve evitar falar com estranhos.
You should avoid talking to strangers.
Safety advice.
A empresa deve aumentar seus lucros no próximo trimestre, segundo os analistas.
The company is expected to increase its profits in the next quarter, according to analysts.
'deve' used for expert predictions or financial forecasts.
É imperativo que todos os cidadãos devem cumprir as leis.
It is imperative that all citizens must comply with the laws.
Strong emphasis on legal obligation. 'Deve' here reinforces 'imperativo'.
Não se deve subestimar a capacidade de aprendizado humano.
One should not underestimate the human learning capacity.
General principle or advice regarding human potential.
Ele deve ter cometido um erro ao calcular as despesas.
He must have made a mistake when calculating the expenses.
Expressing a strong inference about a past action.
Para que o projeto seja bem-sucedido, todos os envolvidos devem colaborar ativamente.
For the project to be successful, everyone involved must collaborate actively.
Requirement for project success.
A exposição deve atrair milhares de visitantes.
The exhibition is expected to attract thousands of visitors.
Forecast or expectation about public response.
Ele deve estar se sentindo frustrado com a demora.
He must be feeling frustrated with the delay.
Inferring someone's emotional state based on circumstances.
Os resultados devem ser anunciados na próxima semana.
The results must be announced next week.
Scheduled event or official announcement.
O país deve enfrentar desafios significativos na implementação da nova política econômica.
The country is expected to face significant challenges in implementing the new economic policy.
'deve' used for forecasting potential difficulties in policy implementation.
É um dever cívico que cada cidadão deve estar informado sobre seus direitos e responsabilidades.
It is a civic duty that every citizen must be informed about their rights and responsibilities.
Emphasizing a fundamental civic obligation.
Não devemos permitir que o preconceito se perpetue em nossa sociedade.
We must not allow prejudice to perpetuate in our society.
Strong moral imperative against social issues.
Considerando o histórico, ele deve ter aprendido a lição.
Considering the history, he must have learned his lesson.
Making a reasoned conclusion about past learning.
A qualidade do ar deve melhorar drasticamente com as novas regulamentações.
The air quality is expected to improve drastically with the new regulations.
Forecasting a significant positive change.
O artista deve apresentar uma nova exposição no próximo ano.
The artist is expected to present a new exhibition next year.
Anticipation of a future event.
Ele deve estar se sentindo aliviado após a conclusão do projeto.
He must be feeling relieved after the completion of the project.
Inferring a positive emotional state.
As negociações devem ser retomadas na próxima semana.
The negotiations must be resumed next week.
Scheduled resumption of talks.
O legado cultural deve ser preservado para as futuras gerações, sob pena de perdermos parte de nossa identidade.
The cultural legacy must be preserved for future generations, at the risk of losing part of our identity.
Strong emphasis on the necessity of preservation, with a consequence for failure.
Diante da crise, o governo deve agir com cautela e pragmatismo, evitando medidas precipitadas.
In the face of the crisis, the government must act with caution and pragmatism, avoiding hasty measures.
'deve' used for strategic guidance in a critical situation.
Não devemos ignorar os sinais de alerta emitidos pelos cientistas sobre as mudanças climáticas.
We must not ignore the warning signs issued by scientists regarding climate change.
Urgent imperative to heed scientific warnings.
Considerando a complexidade do caso, o júri deve ter deliberado por horas.
Considering the complexity of the case, the jury must have deliberated for hours.
Sophisticated inference about a past process.
A inovação tecnológica deve ser incentivada, pois é fundamental para o progresso socioeconômico.
Technological innovation must be encouraged, as it is fundamental for socioeconomic progress.
Advocating for a policy based on its importance.
O atleta deve estar exausto após a maratona, mas certamente orgulhoso.
The athlete must be exhausted after the marathon, but certainly proud.
Expressing a dual inference about physical and emotional state.
As autoridades devem tomar medidas rigorosas para coibir a disseminação de notícias falsas.
The authorities must take strict measures to curb the spread of fake news.
Demand for decisive action against a societal problem.
Ele deve ter se arrependido profundamente de suas ações.
He must have repented deeply for his actions.
Inferring a strong emotional and moral reaction to past deeds.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
Você deve...
Ele/Ela deve...
Deve ser...
Não deve...
Devemos...
O que deve acontecer?
Ele deve ter...
Deve ser por isso...
Você deve ter cuidado.
Isso deve ajudar.
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Devo' is the first-person singular ('I') form of 'dever'. 'Deve' is for 'ele/ela/você'. For example, 'Eu devo ir' (I must go) vs. 'Ele deve ir' (He must go).
'Deves' is the second-person singular informal ('tu') form of 'dever'. 'Deve' is used for 'ele/ela/você'. For example, 'Tu deves estudar' (You must study) vs. 'Ele deve estudar' (He must study).
'Deveria' is the conditional form, often translating to 'should' in a hypothetical or softer sense. 'Ele deveria ir' (He should go - implying it's a good idea but not a strong obligation) vs. 'Ele deve ir' (He must/should go - stronger obligation/recommendation).
관용어 및 표현
"Não deve nada a ninguém."
Literally 'owes nothing to anyone'. Used to describe someone who is proud, confident, or has no reason to be ashamed or afraid.
Ele sempre fala o que pensa, não deve nada a ninguém.
Neutral"Deve e racha."
A colloquial expression meaning 'it's a sure thing' or 'it's guaranteed'. It implies certainty.
Com a equipe que temos, a vitória deve e racha.
Informal"Devem estar contando os minutos."
Literally 'they must be counting the minutes'. Used to say someone is eagerly waiting for something.
A festa começa em uma hora, eles devem estar contando os minutos.
Neutral"O que deve ser, será."
A fatalistic expression meaning 'what will be, will be'. It implies acceptance of destiny.
Não adianta se preocupar tanto, o que deve ser, será.
Neutral"Deve ser a voz da consciência."
Literally 'it must be the voice of conscience'. Used when someone feels a strong inner urge to do the right thing.
Eu sei que não devia fazer isso, mas deve ser a voz da consciência me dizendo para parar.
Neutral"Não se deve brincar com fogo."
Literally 'one should not play with fire'. A common idiom meaning 'don't mess with dangerous situations' or 'don't provoke trouble'.
Ele está provocando o chefe, não se deve brincar com fogo.
Neutral"Deve ter passado um anjo."
Literally 'an angel must have passed'. Used to describe a moment of silence or peace, often after a period of noise or chaos.
De repente, o barulho parou. Deve ter passado um anjo.
Neutral"Isso deve dar o que falar."
Literally 'that must give something to talk about'. Used when an event or situation is likely to cause gossip or discussion.
O novo escândalo na política deve dar o que falar.
Neutral"Deve ser obra do destino."
Literally 'it must be the work of destiny'. Used to describe a coincidence or event that seems fated.
Encontraram-se por acaso depois de tantos anos, deve ser obra do destino.
Neutral"Não deve haver..."
Expresses a strong belief that something should not exist or happen.
Não deve haver pobreza no mundo.
Neutral혼동하기 쉬운
Both 'deve' and 'ter que' express obligation or necessity.
'Dever' can express moral obligation, strong recommendation, or probability, while 'ter que' usually indicates a more direct, often external, necessity or requirement. For example, 'Você deve ser honesto' (moral obligation) versus 'Você tem que pagar a conta' (practical necessity).
Eu <strong>devo</strong> ajudar minha mãe (moral duty). Eu <strong>tenho que</strong> ir ao banco hoje (practical necessity).
Both are modal verbs used with other verbs.
'Dever' expresses obligation, necessity, or probability. 'Poder' expresses possibility, ability, or permission. For example, 'Você deve estudar' (You must study) vs. 'Você pode estudar' (You can study / You are allowed to study).
Ele <strong>deve</strong> estar em casa (probability). Ele <strong>pode</strong> estar em casa (possibility).
Both can imply a need for action.
'Dever' is broader, covering advice and obligation. 'Precisar de' specifically denotes a need. For instance, 'Você deve descansar' (You should rest - advice) versus 'Você precisa de descanso' (You need rest - emphasizing the lack).
Eu <strong>devo</strong> comprar pão (I should buy bread). Eu <strong>preciso de</strong> pão (I need bread).
Both indicate a form of obligation.
'Dever' is more common and versatile. 'Ser obrigado a' is more formal and emphasizes being compelled or forced by external rules or circumstances. 'Ele deve seguir as regras' (He must follow the rules) is more general than 'Ele é obrigado a seguir as regras' (He is compelled to follow the rules).
O soldado <strong>deve</strong> obedecer. O soldado <strong>é obrigado a</strong> obedecer.
Both can be used to express a degree of likelihood or assumption.
'Dever' expresses probability or a strong inference. 'Aparentar' means 'to seem' or 'to appear' and is based on outward signs. 'Ele deve estar feliz' (He must be happy - strong inference) versus 'Ele aparenta estar feliz' (He seems happy - based on his expression).
A casa <strong>deve ser</strong> cara (inference). A casa <strong>aparenta ser</strong> cara (outward signs).
문장 패턴
Subject + deve + Infinitive.
Você <strong>deve comer</strong> fruta.
Subject + deve + ser + Adjective.
O tempo <strong>deve ser</strong> bom.
Subject + não deve + Infinitive.
Ele <strong>não deve fumar</strong>.
Onde/Quando/Como + deve + Subject + Infinitive?
Onde <strong>deve</strong> ele <strong>ir</strong>?
Subject + deve + ter + Past Participle.
Ela <strong>deve ter</strong> chegado.
Impersonal: Deve-se + Infinitive.
<strong>Deve-se respeitar</strong> as regras.
Subject + deve + ser + Adverb/Prepositional Phrase.
O pacote <strong>deve estar</strong> na mesa.
Subject + deve + haver/existir (impersonal use).
<strong>Deve haver</strong> uma solução para isso.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
관련
사용법
Very High. One of the most common verbs in Portuguese.
-
Using 'devo' or 'deves' when the subject is 'ele', 'ela', or 'você'.
→
Ele <strong>deve</strong> ir.
The correct conjugation for the third-person singular present indicative of 'dever' is 'deve'. 'Devo' is for 'eu' (I) and 'deves' is for 'tu' (you, informal).
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Forgetting 'não' in negative sentences.
→
Você <strong>não deve</strong> fumar.
The negative is formed by placing 'não' before the verb. Omitting 'não' changes the meaning from prohibition/strong advice against to obligation/advice for.
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Confusing 'deve' (must/should) with 'poder' (can/may).
→
Você <strong>deve</strong> estudar. (You must study.) vs. Você <strong>pode</strong> estudar. (You can study.)
'Dever' expresses obligation or probability, while 'poder' expresses possibility, ability, or permission. They have distinct meanings.
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Using 'deve' for hypothetical or very soft advice.
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Eu acho que você <strong>deveria</strong> descansar um pouco. (I think you should rest a bit.)
While 'deve' can mean 'should', 'deveria' (conditional) is often preferred for softer, hypothetical advice to avoid sounding too demanding.
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Translating 'deve' always as 'should', ignoring the 'must' meaning.
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O motorista <strong>deve</strong> parar no sinal vermelho. (The driver must stop at the red light.)
In contexts of rules, laws, or strong necessities, 'deve' functions as 'must', conveying a strong obligation or requirement, not just a suggestion.
팁
Focus on the 'e' sound
The 'e' in 'deve' is an open 'e' sound, similar to the 'e' in the English word 'bet'. Avoid pronouncing it like the 'e' in 'bee' or the 'a' in 'say'. Practice saying 'deve' clearly and distinctly.
Subject-Verb Agreement
Remember that 'deve' is the form used for 'ele', 'ela', and 'você'. If the subject is 'eu', it's 'devo'; for 'nós', it's 'devemos'. Always check your subject!
Use it in Sentences
The best way to remember 'deve' is to actively use it. Try to create your own sentences, incorporating it into everyday situations. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.
Learn Collocations
Pay attention to common phrases like 'deve ser', 'deve fazer', 'deve ter'. Learning these chunks will help you use 'deve' more fluently and accurately.
Distinguish from 'Deveria'
Understand that 'deve' is generally stronger than 'deveria'. 'Deve' implies a clearer obligation or probability, while 'deveria' often suggests a softer recommendation or hypothetical situation.
Negative Form
Don't forget to place 'não' before 'deve' for negative statements. 'Não deve' means 'must not' or 'should not'.
Cultural Nuance
In Portuguese cultures, 'dever' can carry a significant weight of moral or social obligation. Be aware of this when giving advice or stating requirements.
Impersonal Use
Learn the impersonal form 'Deve-se + infinitive' for general statements like 'Deve-se respeitar os mais velhos' (One must respect elders).
Apply to Real Life
Think about things you 'should' or 'must' do in your own life and try to express them in Portuguese using 'deve'.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a detective who 'DEVE' (must) solve a case. He 'DEVE' (should) follow clues and 'DEVE' (is supposed to) find the truth. The word 'deve' sounds a bit like 'devil', and a devil might force you to do things (obligation) or tempt you (recommendation).
시각적 연상
Picture a strong chain linking a person to a task, symbolizing obligation. The word 'deve' is the link in that chain.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to create five sentences using 'deve' in different contexts: one for obligation, one for recommendation, and one for probability. Then, try to make a negative sentence using 'não deve'.
어원
The word 'deve' comes from the Latin verb 'debere', which means 'to owe', 'to be indebted', or 'to be obliged'. This Latin root itself derives from 'de-' (from, away) and 'habere' (to have).
원래 의미: Originally, 'debere' focused on the concept of owing something, whether money, a favor, or a duty.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Portuguese문화적 맥락
When using 'deve' for obligation, be mindful of the tone. A harsh command can sound demanding, while a gentle suggestion can be very helpful. Consider the relationship between the speakers.
In English, we often use 'should' for advice and 'must' for strong obligation. Portuguese 'deve' covers both, making context crucial.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Giving advice or recommendations.
- Você deve experimentar...
- Eu acho que você deve...
- Seria bom se você devesse...
Expressing obligations or rules.
- Ele deve fazer...
- É preciso que ele deve...
- Todos devem...
Making predictions or assumptions.
- Deve ser...
- Deve estar...
- Deve ter...
Discussing necessities.
- Você deve comprar...
- Precisamos que ele deve...
- É importante que você deve...
Prohibitions or warnings.
- Não deve...
- Você não deve fazer isso.
- É proibido, não deve...
대화 시작하기
"O que você acha que eu devo fazer nesta situação?"
"Você acha que ele deve vir à festa?"
"Que conselho você me daria? O que eu devo saber?"
"Se você pudesse dar um conselho a si mesmo no passado, o que você diria que você deve fazer?"
"Na sua opinião, quais são as coisas mais importantes que as pessoas devem aprender?"
일기 주제
Escreva sobre uma situação em que você sentiu que <strong>deve</strong> fazer algo, mesmo que fosse difícil.
Pense em um conselho importante que alguém lhe deu. Como você <strong>deve</strong> aplicá-lo na sua vida?
Descreva um momento em que você fez uma suposição sobre algo e estava certo. Como você <strong>deve</strong> ter sabido?
Escreva sobre uma regra ou lei que você acredita que as pessoas <strong>devem</strong> seguir. Por quê?
Reflita sobre um erro que você cometeu. O que você <strong>deve</strong> aprender com ele para o futuro?
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문'Deve' is the present indicative form and typically expresses a stronger obligation, necessity, or probability. It translates to 'must' or 'should' in a more direct sense. 'Deveria' is the conditional form and is often used for softer advice, hypothetical situations, or suggestions, translating more like 'should' in a weaker sense. For example, 'Você deve estudar' (You must/should study - strong advice/obligation) versus 'Você deveria estudar mais se quiser passar' (You should study more if you want to pass - hypothetical/softer advice).
Yes, the verb 'dever' means 'to owe' when referring to financial debts. For example, 'Eu devo dinheiro ao banco.' (I owe money to the bank.). However, 'deve' specifically is the third-person singular present, so you would more commonly hear 'Eu devo...' or 'Ele deve...' in this context.
To form the negative, you place 'não' before the verb 'deve'. So, 'não deve'. For example, 'Você não deve fumar aqui.' (You must not smoke here.) This indicates a prohibition or strong advice against doing something.
'Deve ser' means 'it must be' or 'it should be'. It is used to express probability or a strong assumption about something. For example, 'Está escuro lá fora, deve ser noite.' (It's dark outside, it must be night.)
Most commonly, 'deve' is followed by an infinitive verb to express modality (obligation, recommendation, probability). However, it can also be followed by adjectives (e.g., 'O tempo deve ser bom.') or used in constructions like 'deve ter' followed by a past participle to infer past events (e.g., 'Ele deve ter chegado.').
'Dever' can express moral obligation, strong recommendation, or probability. 'Ter que' generally indicates a more direct, often external, necessity or requirement. For example, 'Você deve ser gentil' (You should be kind - moral) vs. 'Você tem que pagar a conta' (You have to pay the bill - practical necessity).
No, 'deve' does not typically express permission. The verb 'poder' is used for permission (e.g., 'Você pode entrar.' - You may enter.). 'Dever' is about obligation or likelihood.
'Deve-se' is an impersonal construction, meaning 'one must', 'it is necessary to', or 'one should'. It's used when the subject is general or unspecified. For example, 'Deve-se comer bem para ter saúde.' (One must eat well to have health.)
'Deve' is extremely common. It's one of the most frequently used verb forms in Portuguese across all registers and contexts, making it essential for learners to master.
'Dever' expresses probability or a strong inference, often based on logic or expectation. 'Aparentar' means 'to seem' or 'to appear' and is based on outward signs or appearances. For example, 'Ele deve estar cansado' (He must be tired - strong inference) vs. 'Ele aparenta estar cansado' (He seems tired - based on his appearance).
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Summary
The Portuguese word 'deve' is a versatile verb form indicating obligation ('must'), recommendation ('should'), or probability ('is expected to'). It's the third-person singular present indicative of 'dever' and is frequently followed by an infinitive verb.
- Core meaning: should or must.
- Used for obligation, advice, and probability.
- Conjugation for 'ele/ela/você' is 'deve'.
- Often followed by an infinitive verb.
Focus on the 'e' sound
The 'e' in 'deve' is an open 'e' sound, similar to the 'e' in the English word 'bet'. Avoid pronouncing it like the 'e' in 'bee' or the 'a' in 'say'. Practice saying 'deve' clearly and distinctly.
Subject-Verb Agreement
Remember that 'deve' is the form used for 'ele', 'ela', and 'você'. If the subject is 'eu', it's 'devo'; for 'nós', it's 'devemos'. Always check your subject!
Context is Key
The meaning of 'deve' (must vs. should vs. probability) heavily depends on the context. Listen or read carefully to understand whether it's a command, a suggestion, or a prediction.
Use it in Sentences
The best way to remember 'deve' is to actively use it. Try to create your own sentences, incorporating it into everyday situations. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.
예시
Você deve estudar para o exame.
관련 콘텐츠
관련 표현
general 관련 단어
a cerca de
B1거리나 미래의 시간에 대해 '약' 또는 '대략'을 의미합니다.
à direita
A2오른쪽으로 또는 오른쪽에. 방향이나 위치를 나타낼 때 사용됩니다.
à esquerda
A2왼쪽에. 방향을 제시하거나 위치를 설명할 때 사용됩니다.
a fim de
A2~하기 위해서, ~하고 싶다. '합격하기 위해서 공부한다.' / '피자가 먹고 싶다.'
à frente
A2앞에 (Ape). '그는 내 앞에 있다.'
a frente
A2앞에; 앞으로
À frente de
A2~의 앞에, 또는 ~의 선두에. '집 앞에 차가 있습니다'.
a tempo
A2제시간에, 늦지 않게. 어떤 일이 마감 시간이나 특정 사건 전에 일어남을 나타냅니다.
à volta de
A2~ 주변에. 장소(테이블 주변)나 추정치(약 10유로)에 사용됩니다.
abaixo
A1~의 아래에; 밑에.
