Overview
Lactose is a disaccharide, or a sugar made of two smaller sugar units, glucose and galactose. It is naturally found in milk and dairy products. For the human body to properly digest lactose, an enzyme called lactase is required. Lactase breaks down lactose into its constituent simpler sugars, glucose and galactose, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestine.
Lactose intolerance is a common digestive condition characterized by the inability to fully digest lactose. This occurs when the small intestine does not produce enough lactase. When undigested lactose reaches the large intestine, it is fermented by gut bacteria, leading to various uncomfortable symptoms such. These symptoms can include bloating, gas, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. The severity of these symptoms can vary widely among individuals, depending on the amount of lactase produced and the quantity of lactose consumed.
There are several types of lactose intolerance. Primary lactase non-persistence is the most common form, where lactase production naturally decreases after childhood. Secondary lactose intolerance can result from injury to the small intestine from conditions like Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or an infection, which temporarily reduce lactase production. Congenital lactase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder where infants are born with little or no lactase. Developmental lactase deficiency can occur in premature infants, who may have undeveloped lactase production, but this often improves as they mature.
Diagnosis of lactose intolerance often involves a hydrogen breath test, where individuals drink a lactose-containing solution and their breath is tested for hydrogen, a byproduct of bacterial fermentation of undigested lactose. Other diagnostic methods include a lactose tolerance test or a stool acidity test.
Management of lactose intolerance typically involves dietary modifications. Many individuals can manage their symptoms by reducing their intake of lactose-containing foods. Lactose-free dairy products are widely available, as are lactase enzyme supplements that can be taken orally before consuming dairy to aid digestion. Some individuals with mild intolerance may be able to tolerate small amounts of lactose, or consume dairy products like yogurt and hard cheeses, which contain less lactose due to the fermentation process or aging.
예시
A lactose é o açúcar do leite.
food scienceLactose is milk sugar.
Pessoas com intolerância à lactose devem evitar produtos lácteos.
healthPeople with lactose intolerance should avoid dairy products.
Verifique o rótulo para saber se contém lactose.
shoppingCheck the label to see if it contains lactose.
A enzima lactase quebra a lactose.
biologyThe enzyme lactase breaks down lactose.
Muitos produtos sem lactose estão disponíveis no mercado.
food industryMany lactose-free products are available on the market.
자주 쓰는 조합
문법 패턴
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
사용법
사용 참고사항
When discussing 'lactose' in Portuguese, particularly in the context of dietary restrictions or health, it's important to be clear and use appropriate terminology. The word 'lactose' itself is the same in Portuguese. For 'lactose intolerance,' the common term is 'intolerância à lactose.' If referring to 'lactose-free' products, you would typically see 'sem lactose' on packaging. When explaining the concept, you might say 'é um açúcar presente no leite' (it's a sugar present in milk) and 'pode causar problemas digestivos' (it can cause digestive problems) or 'causa intolerância em algumas pessoas' (causes intolerance in some people). It's a straightforward term, but context matters for clarity, especially in medical or dietary discussions.
자주 하는 실수
A common mistake is confusing 'lactose' (the sugar) with 'lactase' (the enzyme that breaks down lactose). Another mistake is assuming all dairy products contain the same amount of lactose; some, like hard cheeses and yogurt, have less. People often incorrectly believe that lactose intolerance is an allergy, but it's a digestive issue. Also, not everyone with lactose intolerance needs to avoid all dairy; many can tolerate small amounts. Some people might mistakenly think that lactose-free products are dairy-free, but they still contain milk proteins. Finally, it's a mistake to think that only milk contains lactose; some processed foods and medications can also contain it as an additive.
팁
Açúcar do leite
Intolerância à lactose
Usos na indústria alimentar
어원
From French lactose, from Latin lactis (genitive of lac, "milk") + -ose.
문화적 맥락
In Portugal, lactose intolerance, though present, might be discussed differently than in some other cultures. Traditional Portuguese cuisine, like many Mediterranean diets, incorporates dairy products such as cheese and yogurt, especially from sheep and goat milk, which can sometimes be easier for lactose-intolerant individuals to digest due to lower lactose content or fermentation processes. However, the increasing availability of processed foods and more cows' milk in diets has also led to a greater awareness of lactose intolerance. There's a growing market for lactose-free products, reflecting a shift in dietary habits and health consciousness. Conversations around lactose intolerance are becoming more common, moving from a niche health concern to a more recognized dietary consideration.
암기 팁
Visualize a 'lacrosse' stick (lactose sounds like lacrosse) made of milk, reminding you that lactose is found in milk.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문셀프 테스트
A ________ é um açúcar presente no leite que pode causar intolerância.
Pessoas com intolerância à ________ devem evitar produtos lácteos.
A ________ é decomposta pela enzima lactase no organismo.
점수: /3
Açúcar do leite
Intolerância à lactose
Usos na indústria alimentar
예시
5 / 5A lactose é o açúcar do leite.
Lactose is milk sugar.
Pessoas com intolerância à lactose devem evitar produtos lácteos.
People with lactose intolerance should avoid dairy products.
Verifique o rótulo para saber se contém lactose.
Check the label to see if it contains lactose.
A enzima lactase quebra a lactose.
The enzyme lactase breaks down lactose.
Muitos produtos sem lactose estão disponíveis no mercado.
Many lactose-free products are available on the market.
관련 콘텐츠
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음식 관련 단어
a conta
A1The bill or check (in a restaurant).
a gosto
A2To taste, according to one's preference for flavor.
à la carte
A2À la carte, ordering individual dishes from a menu.
à mão
A2By hand (e.g., prepare by hand), done manually.
à mesa
A2At the table, referring to dining.
à parte
A2Aside; separately, served separately.
à pressa
A2In a hurry, with great haste.
à saúde
A2A toast, meaning 'to health' or 'cheers'.
a vapor
A2Steamed; cooked by steam.
à vontade
A2At ease/As much as you want; freely, comfortably.