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бурный

B1 adjective 9분 분량

бурный

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 бурный 30초 만에

설명 бурный in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'бурный' (burnyy) comes from 'буря' (storm). Think of it as a word to describe very strong water or very loud clapping. For example, if you see a river in the mountains that moves very fast with lots of white foam, that is a 'бурная река'. If you go to a concert and everyone claps very loudly because they are happy, those are 'бурные аплодисменты'. It is an adjective, so it changes its ending based on the noun: бурный (masculine), бурная (feminine), бурное (neuter), бурные (plural). At this stage, just remember it means 'stormy' or 'very strong and active'. It is a step above 'сильный' (strong) and 'быстрый' (fast) because it adds a feeling of energy and excitement. You might see it in simple stories about nature or weather. Don't worry about the complex metaphorical meanings yet; just focus on the 'stormy water' and 'loud clapping' examples. It is a good word to make your descriptions sound more interesting than just using basic adjectives.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'бурный' to describe not just nature, but also events and reactions. You will often hear the phrase 'бурные аплодисменты' in videos or texts about shows. This is a very common 'chunk' of language to learn. You can also use it to describe a 'бурный день' (a very busy/stormy day) if many things happened and you feel tired but excited. It implies that the day was not calm. Another good use is 'бурный рост' (rapid growth), which you might see in simple news about a city or a company growing quickly. Remember that 'бурный' always carries a sense of 'too much' or 'very intense' energy. It is different from 'весёлый' (happy/fun) because it can also be a bit scary or chaotic, like a 'бурное море'. When you describe a person's life, 'бурная жизнь' means they had many adventures and maybe changed jobs or houses many times. It is a very expressive word that helps you move away from simple A1 vocabulary and start describing the 'vibe' of a situation.

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As a B1 learner, you should be comfortable with 'бурный' in its many metaphorical applications. This is the level where you use it to describe social and historical phenomena. For instance, 'бурная дискуссия' (a heated discussion) is a great phrase to use when describing a debate where people were very passionate. You should also understand its use in 'бурный роман' (a passionate/stormy romance), which implies a relationship full of high emotions, perhaps both love and arguments. In economic contexts, 'бурное развитие' is a standard way to describe a sector that is thriving. You should also notice how the adverb 'бурно' is used with verbs: 'они бурно спорили' (they argued heatedly) or 'экономика бурно растёт' (the economy is growing rapidly). At B1, you are expected to distinguish 'бурный' from 'быстрый'—understanding that 'бурный' adds a layer of turbulence and intensity. It's not just about speed; it's about the 'stormy' quality of the action. This word is essential for reading Russian news and literature, as it provides the necessary dramatic weight to descriptions of change and conflict.

At the B2 level, you should appreciate the nuances of 'бурный' in professional and literary registers. You will encounter it in descriptions of historical eras, such as 'бурный двадцатый век' (the turbulent twentieth century), where it encapsulates the wars, revolutions, and rapid technological shifts of the time. You should be able to use it to describe abstract concepts like 'бурная фантазия' (a vivid/wild imagination) or 'бурная деятельность' (frenetic activity). At this level, you can also use it in more specific scientific or technical contexts, such as 'бурная химическая реакция' (a violent chemical reaction). You should also be aware of its synonyms like 'неистовый' or 'стремительный' and know when to choose 'бурный' over them to emphasize the 'storm-like' or 'turbulent' nature of the subject. Your ability to use 'бурный' correctly in various cases and with complex nouns will demonstrate a higher level of fluency. It is a key word for expressing the dynamic and often chaotic nature of modern life and history in a way that sounds sophisticated and native-like.

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For C1 learners, 'бурный' becomes a tool for precise stylistic expression. You should be able to identify its use in classical literature where it might describe the 'бурный дух' (stormy spirit) of a Romantic hero or the 'бурные порывы' (violent impulses) of a character's soul. You should understand the subtle difference between 'бурный' and 'штормовой'—where the former is often more metaphorical and the latter more literal. You can use 'бурный' to create vivid imagery in your writing, perhaps describing a 'бурный поток мыслей' (a turbulent stream of thoughts) or a 'бурная смена настроений' (a rapid/stormy shift in moods). At this level, you should also be familiar with the word's etymological roots and how they influence its semantic field, connecting it to other words in the 'буря' family like 'бушевать' (to rage). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's 'register'—it is expressive and slightly dramatic, making it perfect for persuasive speeches, literary analysis, or high-level journalism. You should also be able to navigate the word's presence in idioms and fixed expressions with ease, using them to add color and depth to your Russian.

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At the C2 level, you possess a near-native grasp of 'бурный' and can use it with absolute precision in any context. You understand its historical evolution and its place in the grand tapestry of Russian literature and thought. You can appreciate the irony when 'бурный' is used in a self-deprecating or sarcastic way, such as describing a very small or insignificant event as 'бурный' to highlight its lack of importance. You are capable of using the word in highly specialized academic discourses, such as analyzing the 'бурный характер' of a particular historical transition or the 'бурная динамика' of a complex physical system. You can effortlessly switch between its literal, metaphorical, and idiomatic uses, choosing the exact form and placement to achieve the desired rhetorical effect. Your mastery includes an awareness of how 'бурный' interacts with other high-level adjectives and adverbs to create nuanced descriptions of the human condition, the natural world, and the movement of history. For you, 'бурный' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile instrument for expressing the inherent dynamism, chaos, and vitality of existence in the Russian language.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

бурный 30초 만에

Derived from 'буря' (storm), it describes intense, turbulent, or rapid movement and emotions.
Commonly used with water (rivers, seas) and social reactions (applause, discussions).
Indicates rapid growth or development in economic and scientific contexts.
Essential for expressing high energy, chaos, or passion in both literal and metaphorical senses.

The Russian adjective бурный (burnyy) is a powerful and evocative word that describes something characterized by intense, turbulent, or rapid movement, often accompanied by strong emotion or chaotic energy. At its core, it is derived from the noun буря (burya), which means 'storm.' Therefore, when you use this word, you are metaphorically or literally invoking the image of a storm. It is a versatile term that can describe nature, human emotions, historical periods, and social reactions.

Physical Nature: In its most literal sense, it describes moving water or weather conditions. A бурная река is a turbulent, fast-flowing river with rapids and white water. A бурное море is a rough sea with high waves. It implies a lack of calm and a presence of danger or raw power.

После сильного дождя горный ручей превратился в бурный поток, сносящий всё на своём пути.

Emotional and Social Impact: One of the most common uses of this word is in the phrase бурные аплодисменты (thunderous applause). Here, it describes the intensity and volume of the clapping, suggesting that the audience is extremely enthusiastic. Similarly, a бурная дискуссия (heated discussion) is one where people are speaking loudly, passionately, and perhaps even arguing, much like the clashing of elements in a storm.

Beyond simple physical or emotional states, бурный is used to describe periods of time and development. A бурный рост (rapid growth) refers to an economy or a company expanding at an incredible, almost uncontrollable pace. A бурная молодость (wild youth) implies a life full of adventures, risks, and perhaps a bit of recklessness. It is a word that captures the essence of change and vitality. Whether describing a бурный роман (passionate/stormy romance) or бурная деятельность (frenetic activity), the word always suggests a high level of intensity that stands in stark contrast to anything quiet, stable, or predictable.

Его бурная реакция на новости удивила всех присутствующих в комнате.

Historical Context: Historians often use this word to describe eras of revolution and upheaval. The 20th century is frequently called a бурный век because of the massive wars, social changes, and technological leaps that occurred. It suggests a time that was neither peaceful nor boring, but rather filled with conflict and progress.

В девяностые годы страна переживала бурный период перемен и неопределённости.

Океан в этот день был особенно бурным, и морякам запретили выходить в плавание.

Зрители встретили артиста бурными овациями, которые не смолкали десять минут.

Using бурный correctly requires understanding its declension and its typical collocations. Since it is a hard-stem adjective, it follows the standard pattern for masculine (бурный), feminine (бурная), neuter (бурное), and plural (бурные) forms. Its placement in a sentence is usually before the noun it modifies, but it can also appear as a predicate after a verb like быть (to be) or казаться (to seem).

Describing Nature and Water: When talking about nature, the word often pairs with water sources. You might say 'Река была бурной' (The river was turbulent). Note how the gender matches the noun 'река' (feminine). If you are talking about a stream (ручей, masculine), it would be 'бурный ручей'. This usage highlights the physical violence of the water's movement.

Мы не смогли переплыть эту бурную реку без специального снаряжения.

Describing Reactions and Events: In social settings, 'бурный' is used to emphasize the intensity of a reaction. A common cliché in Russian theater or politics is 'бурные аплодисменты, переходящие в овацию' (thunderous applause turning into an ovation). You can also use it to describe a party or a meeting: 'Собрание было бурным' (The meeting was stormy/heated). It indicates that people were not passive; they were actively engaged, often loudly so.

In economic and scientific contexts, 'бурный' is used to describe rapid growth or development. For example, 'бурный рост технологий' (the rapid growth of technology) or 'бурное развитие экономики' (the booming development of the economy). In these cases, it functions similarly to the English words 'surging' or 'explosive.' It conveys a sense of speed and scale that is impressive and perhaps a bit overwhelming.

В последние десятилетия мы наблюдаем бурный прогресс в области искусственного интеллекта.

Grammar Tip: Short Forms: While 'бурный' is the full form, it can occasionally be seen in short forms (бурен, бурна, бурно, бурны) in literature or poetry, though this is less common in everyday speech. The adverbial form 'бурно' is very common, used to describe actions: 'Они бурно спорили' (They were arguing heatedly).

Их бурный роман закончился так же внезапно, как и начался.

Учёный провёл бурную деятельность по защите окружающей среды.

Вчера на небе были бурные облака, предвещавшие грозу.

You will encounter бурный in a variety of settings, ranging from the evening news to classic Russian literature. Because it carries such a strong descriptive weight, it is a favorite of journalists, writers, and public speakers. Understanding where it appears will help you grasp its nuances and register.

News and Media: Journalists love this word for its dramatic flair. You'll hear about 'бурный рост цен' (the surging rise of prices) or 'бурная реакция мировой общественности' (the stormy reaction of the global community). It helps frame a story as significant and impactful. If a protest is described as 'бурный', expect to see footage of large crowds and intense shouting.

В новостях сообщили о бурном обсуждении нового закона в парламенте.

Literature and Art: In Russian literature, from Pushkin to Dostoevsky, 'бурный' is used to describe the inner turmoil of characters. A character might have a 'бурный нрав' (a stormy/volatile temperament) or be caught in a 'бурный поток чувств' (a turbulent stream of feelings). It is also essential for describing the wild nature of the Caucasus or the Russian wilderness, which are often personified as stormy and untamable.

In daily conversation, Russians might use it to describe a particularly wild party or a busy day. If someone says, 'У меня была бурная ночь' (I had a wild night), they could mean they were out dancing until dawn or that they were dealing with a chaotic situation like a crying baby or a medical emergency. The context dictates whether the 'storm' was positive or negative, but it always implies a lack of sleep and a high level of activity.

Его бурная фантазия позволяла ему придумывать невероятные истории для детей.

Academic and Scientific Discourse: In textbooks, you'll find it describing chemical reactions (бурная реакция) that produce a lot of gas or heat, or historical epochs characterized by rapid change. It is a formal yet expressive way to denote high kinetic energy or social momentum.

Химический опыт сопровождался бурным выделением углекислого газа.

Этот бурный поток событий заставил его пересмотреть свои взгляды на жизнь.

После бурного обсуждения комитет всё же принял окончательное решение.

While бурный is a common word, learners often trip up on its specific nuances and its relationship with similar adjectives. Understanding these pitfalls will make your Russian sound more natural and precise.

Confusing 'Бурный' with 'Быстрый': A common mistake is using 'бурный' when you simply mean 'fast' (быстрый). While a 'бурная река' is fast, the word 'бурный' emphasizes the turbulence and chaos of the water, not just its velocity. You wouldn't call a fast car 'бурная машина'; you would call it 'быстрая машина'. Use 'бурный' only when there is a sense of 'storminess' or 'upheaval'.

Нельзя сказать «бурный поезд», нужно говорить «быстрый поезд», так как в движении поезда нет хаоса.

Overusing it for 'Strong': Another error is replacing 'сильный' (strong) with 'бурный' in inappropriate contexts. A strong wind is 'сильный ветер'. A 'бурный ветер' sounds more poetic and implies a wind that is gusty, changing direction, and causing destruction—like a storm wind. In everyday speech, 'сильный' is usually safer for general intensity, while 'бурный' is for 'storm-like' intensity.

One subtle mistake involves gender and case agreement. Because 'бурный' has a stress on the first syllable in the masculine nominative, but can shift in other forms or related words (like the noun 'буря'), learners sometimes get confused. However, for the adjective 'бурный', the stress remains consistently on the first syllable (бурный, бурная, бурные). Don't accidentally shift it to the end.

Ошибкой будет сказать «бурнЫе аплодисменты» с ударением на последний слог.

Misunderstanding 'Бурный рост': In business contexts, 'бурный рост' is almost always positive, meaning 'booming'. However, in medical contexts, a 'бурный рост опухоли' (rapid tumor growth) is very negative. Learners sometimes assume 'бурный' always implies enthusiasm or success, but it simply implies intensity and speed, which can be good or bad depending on the noun.

Мы не используем слово бурный для описания физической силы человека, только для его характера.

Не путайте «бурный» (stormy) и «бурый» (brownish-grey, used for bears).

Правильно: бурное море. Неправильно: бурое море (unless it's literally brown).

To truly master бурный, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. Russian is rich with words for intensity, and choosing the right one can elevate your speaking from basic to advanced.

Стремительный (Stremitelnyy): This word means 'swift' or 'rapid'. While 'бурный' emphasizes the chaotic, storm-like nature of movement, 'стремительный' emphasizes the speed and direction. A 'стремительный поток' is fast and moving forward with purpose, while a 'бурный поток' is crashing and swirling. Use 'стремительный' for a fast career or a sudden attack.

Его карьера была стремительной, он стал директором всего за год.

Неистовый (Neistovyy): This is a much stronger word, meaning 'frenzied', 'furious', or 'violent'. It is often used for emotions or elements that have lost all control. While 'бурные аплодисменты' are loud and enthusiastic, 'неистовые аплодисменты' would imply a level of madness or extreme fanaticism. Use this for a 'неистовый гнев' (furious rage).

Other alternatives include интенсивный (intensive), which is more clinical and neutral, and беспокойный (restless/troubled), which is used for a 'беспокойное море' but implies a lack of peace rather than the presence of violent energy. If you want to describe a person who is very active, you might use энергичный (energetic), whereas 'бурный' would describe their specific actions or temperament.

Вместо «бурного роста» в официальном отчёте можно использовать «интенсивное развитие».

Штормовой (Shtormovoy): This is the literal adjective for 'storm'. It is used in weather warnings: 'штормовое предупреждение' (storm warning). It is less metaphorical than 'бурный'. You wouldn't say 'штормовые аплодисменты'—that sounds like the applause itself is a weather event. Use 'штормовой' for the actual wind or sea state in a technical sense.

Его беспокойный характер не давал ему долго оставаться на одном месте.

Синоптики объявили штормовое предупреждение на завтрашний вечер.

Мы предпочитаем интенсивный курс обучения для быстрого результата.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"В отчёте отмечен бурный рост показателей экспорта."

중립

"Мы попали в бурный поток воды."

비격식체

"Ну и бурная у тебя была ночка!"

Child friendly

"Смотри, какой бурный ручеёк бежит в лесу!"

속어

"У них там был полный бурняк на тусе."

재미있는 사실

The word is a cognate with the English word 'bore' (as in a tidal bore) and is distantly related to Latin 'furore' (fury). In Russian culture, the 'storm' is often a symbol of revolution, most famously in Maxim Gorky's poem 'The Song of the Stormy Petrel'.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈburnɨj/

US /ˈburni/

The stress is on the first syllable: б<b>у</b>рный.

라임이 맞는 단어

культурный (kulturnyy) абажурный (abazhurnyy) дежурный (dezhurnyy) микстурный (miksturnyy) натурный (naturnyy) паркурный (parkurnyy) цензурный (tsenzurnyy) шкурный (shkurnyy)

자주 하는 실수

Stressing the second syllable (burnYy) - incorrect.
Pronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of rolling it.
Making the 'u' sound too short, like in 'but'.
Confusing 'бурный' with 'бурый' (brown).
Dropping the final 'j' sound in 'ый'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize in context due to its distinct root and common collocations.

쓰기 4/5

Requires knowledge of adjective endings and correct collocation choice.

말하기 4/5

Rolling the 'r' and using it metaphorically can be a challenge for B1 learners.

듣기 3/5

Usually clear, but can be confused with 'бурый' (brown) in fast speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

буря (storm) река (river) рост (growth) сильный (strong) быстрый (fast)

다음에 배울 것

стремительный (rapid) неистовый (furious) бушевать (to rage) интенсивность (intensity) динамика (dynamics)

고급

кипучий (seething/bubbling) беспокойный (restless) штормовой (stormy - technical) неукротимый (untamable)

알아야 할 문법

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Бурная (fem) река (fem), Бурный (masc) рост (masc).

Adverb Formation

Adjectives ending in -ый/ий form adverbs with -о: бурный -> бурно.

Instrumental Case for Qualities

Он отличается бурным (instr) характером (instr).

Short Form Adjectives

Поток бурен (masc short form) - used more in literature.

Prepositional Case with 'О'

Мы говорили о бурном (prep) росте (prep) цен.

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수준별 예문

Это бурная река.

This is a turbulent river.

Feminine noun 'река' matches feminine adjective 'бурная'.

Мы слышим бурные аплодисменты.

We hear thunderous applause.

Plural noun 'аплодисменты' matches plural adjective 'бурные'.

Сегодня очень бурное море.

Today the sea is very stormy.

Neuter noun 'море' matches neuter adjective 'бурное'.

У него был бурный день.

He had a busy/stormy day.

Masculine noun 'день' matches masculine adjective 'бурный'.

Это бурный поток воды.

This is a turbulent stream of water.

Masculine noun 'поток' matches masculine adjective 'бурный'.

Они встретили его бурными криками.

They met him with loud/stormy shouts.

Instrumental plural case: 'бурными криками'.

Бурная погода пугает детей.

Stormy weather scares children.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная погода'.

В горах течёт бурный ручей.

A turbulent stream flows in the mountains.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный ручей'.

В городе идёт бурный рост цен.

There is a rapid rise in prices in the city.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный рост'.

У моей бабушки была бурная молодость.

My grandmother had a wild youth.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная молодость'.

Мы провели бурные выходные на природе.

We spent a wild weekend in nature.

Accusative plural: 'бурные выходные'.

У артиста была бурная реакция на критику.

The artist had a stormy reaction to the criticism.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная реакция'.

Бурное развитие интернета изменило мир.

The rapid development of the internet changed the world.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное развитие'.

После спектакля были бурные овации.

After the play, there was a standing ovation.

Plural nominative: 'бурные овации'.

Этот бурный роман длился всего месяц.

This stormy romance lasted only a month.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный роман'.

В классе началось бурное обсуждение фильма.

A heated discussion of the movie began in class.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное обсуждение'.

Бурная деятельность компании привлекла инвесторов.

The company's frenetic activity attracted investors.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная деятельность'.

Он известен своим бурным темпераментом.

He is known for his stormy temperament.

Instrumental masculine: 'бурным темпераментом'.

Вчера в парламенте прошли бурные дебаты.

Yesterday, heated debates took place in parliament.

Plural nominative: 'бурные дебаты'.

Бурный прогресс науки пугает некоторых людей.

The rapid progress of science scares some people.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный прогресс'.

Она всегда отличалась бурной фантазией.

She was always distinguished by a vivid imagination.

Instrumental feminine: 'бурной фантазией'.

Этот период истории был очень бурным.

This period of history was very turbulent.

Instrumental masculine: 'был очень бурным'.

Бурные потоки лавы стекали по склону вулкана.

Turbulent streams of lava flowed down the volcano's slope.

Plural nominative: 'бурные потоки'.

Их бурная ссора закончилась примирением.

Their stormy quarrel ended in reconciliation.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная ссора'.

Бурная реакция рынка на новости была ожидаемой.

The market's stormy reaction to the news was expected.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная реакция'.

Мы живём в эпоху бурных технологических перемен.

We live in an era of turbulent technological changes.

Genitive plural: 'бурных... перемен'.

Его бурная жизнь была полна взлётов и падений.

His wild life was full of ups and downs.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная жизнь'.

Бурное кипение воды в котле указывало на высокую температуру.

The violent boiling of water in the cauldron indicated a high temperature.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное кипение'.

В книге описывается бурный расцвет культуры.

The book describes a rapid flowering of culture.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный расцвет'.

Бурные чувства мешали ему мыслить логически.

Stormy feelings prevented him from thinking logically.

Plural nominative: 'бурные чувства'.

Исследователи отметили бурный рост бактерий в образце.

Researchers noted a rapid growth of bacteria in the sample.

Masculine accusative: 'бурный рост'.

Эта бурная дискуссия не привела к консенсусу.

This heated discussion did not lead to a consensus.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная дискуссия'.

Бурный поток сознания автора захватывает читателя.

The author's turbulent stream of consciousness captivates the reader.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный поток'.

Его бурный протест против несправедливости был услышан.

His stormy protest against injustice was heard.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный протест'.

Бурное проявление эмоций не всегда уместно в офисе.

A stormy display of emotions is not always appropriate in the office.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное проявление'.

Мы наблюдаем бурный процесс глобализации.

We are observing a rapid process of globalization.

Masculine accusative: 'бурный процесс'.

Бурная страсть часто ослепляет влюблённых.

Stormy passion often blinds those in love.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная страсть'.

Бурный успех стартапа удивил даже его основателей.

The startup's explosive success surprised even its founders.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный успех'.

В романе показана бурная смена политических режимов.

The novel shows a turbulent change of political regimes.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная смена'.

Бурное негодование толпы было вызвано новым налогом.

The crowd's stormy indignation was caused by the new tax.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное негодование'.

Бурный гений поэта не знал границ и правил.

The poet's stormy genius knew no bounds or rules.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный гений'.

Философ размышлял о бурном характере самого бытия.

The philosopher reflected on the turbulent nature of existence itself.

Prepositional masculine: 'о бурном характере'.

Бурные вихри истории сметают старые империи.

The stormy whirlwinds of history sweep away old empires.

Plural nominative: 'бурные вихри'.

Бурное красноречие оратора покорило всю аудиторию.

The orator's stormy eloquence won over the entire audience.

Neuter nominative: 'бурное красноречие'.

Бурная стихия не щадила никого на своём пути.

The stormy elements spared no one in their path.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная стихия'.

В его стихах слышен бурный ритм современной жизни.

In his poems, the turbulent rhythm of modern life is heard.

Masculine nominative: 'бурный ритм'.

Бурная экспансия биологического вида может привести к катастрофе.

The rapid expansion of a biological species can lead to catastrophe.

Feminine nominative: 'бурная экспансия'.

Бурные споры о смысле жизни никогда не прекратятся.

Stormy disputes about the meaning of life will never cease.

Plural nominative: 'бурные споры'.

자주 쓰는 조합

бурные аплодисменты

бурная река

бурный рост

бурная дискуссия

бурная молодость

бурный роман

бурное развитие

бурная реакция

бурная фантазия

бурная деятельность

자주 쓰는 구문

бурные овации

— An even more intense version of thunderous applause. Often used in formal reports about performances.

Концерт закончился бурными овациями зрителей.

бурный поток

— A fast and powerful stream of water or, metaphorically, information/events. It suggests being swept away.

Бурный поток событий не давал ему времени на отдых.

бурная ночь

— A night full of activity, which could be a party, a storm, or a difficult situation with a baby. It implies lack of sleep.

После бурной ночи он проспал до полудня.

бурное море

— A rough, stormy sea. Used literally to describe weather at sea.

Бурное море пугало неопытных моряков.

бурный темперамент

— A volatile or very passionate personality. Someone who reacts strongly and emotionally.

Её бурный темперамент часто приводил к конфликтам.

бурные дебаты

— Heated debates where participants are very active and passionate. Common in politics.

Бурные дебаты в парламенте длились до глубокой ночи.

бурная радость

— Extremely intense joy, often expressed loudly. It's more than just being happy.

Дети выразили бурную радость, увидев подарки.

бурный век

— A century characterized by many wars, revolutions, and changes. Usually refers to the 20th century.

Мы живём в бурный век перемен.

бурное кипение

— Vigorous boiling. Used in cooking or chemistry to describe water or liquids reacting strongly.

Дождитесь бурного кипения воды, прежде чем бросать макароны.

бурный протест

— A strong and active protest. Implies that the protesters are loud and determined.

Решение властей вызвало бурный протест у местных жителей.

자주 혼동되는 단어

бурный vs бурый

Means 'brown' or 'brownish-grey'. Usually used for bears (бурый медведь). Only one letter difference!

бурный vs быстрый

Means 'fast'. While 'бурный' is fast, it also implies turbulence. A car is 'быстрая', not 'бурная'.

бурный vs сильный

Means 'strong'. 'Бурный' is a specific type of strength involving agitation and movement.

관용어 및 표현

"бурные аплодисменты, переходящие в овацию"

— A cliché from Soviet times used in official reports to describe extreme enthusiasm for a leader's speech. Now used somewhat ironically.

Его речь встретили бурными аплодисментами, переходящими в овацию.

formal/ironic

"в бурных водах"

— To be in a difficult or unstable situation, much like navigating a stormy sea.

Компания сейчас находится в бурных водах из-за кризиса.

metaphorical

"бурная деятельность"

— While not strictly an idiom, it often implies someone is doing a lot of 'busy work' or making a lot of noise about their work.

Он имитирует бурную деятельность, но на самом деле ничего не делает.

neutral/informal

"бурная молодость"

— Refers to a period of one's life full of adventures, mistakes, and intense experiences. Often said with a hint of nostalgia or regret.

Вспоминая свою бурную молодость, он только улыбался.

neutral

"бурная фантазия"

— Used to describe someone who comes up with wild, unrealistic, or very creative ideas.

Твоя бурная фантазия когда-нибудь тебя погубит!

neutral

"бурный роман"

— A love affair that is intense, fast-moving, and often short-lived or full of drama.

Их бурный роман был главной темой сплетен всё лето.

neutral

"бурный рост"

— A standard economic term for rapid expansion, but used so often it acts as a fixed unit of meaning.

Бурный рост акций привлёк внимание всех трейдеров.

formal/business

"бурная реакция"

— A fixed way to describe an intense response to something. It can be physical, emotional, or social.

Новость вызвала бурную реакцию в социальных сетях.

neutral

"бурный поток"

— Often used metaphorically for a large and overwhelming amount of something (words, events, people).

Бурный поток туристов хлынул на пляжи в июле.

metaphorical

"бурные чувства"

— Intense emotions that are hard to hide or control.

Её бурные чувства к нему были очевидны для всех.

literary/neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

бурный vs бурый

Similar spelling and sound.

'Бурый' refers to color (brown), while 'бурный' refers to intensity/storminess.

Бурый медведь переплыл бурную реку.

бурный vs штормовой

Both relate to storms.

'Штормовой' is technical and literal (weather), 'бурный' is more descriptive and metaphorical.

Штормовой ветер вызвал бурные волны.

бурный vs стремительный

Both imply speed.

'Стремительный' is about direct speed; 'бурный' is about chaotic, swirling energy.

Стремительная стрела против бурного потока.

бурный vs неистовый

Both mean intense.

'Неистовый' is much stronger and implies a loss of control or madness.

Бурный спор может перерасти в неистовую драку.

бурный vs кипучий

Both describe high activity.

'Кипучий' focuses on the 'boiling' or 'bubbling' metaphor of energy.

Его кипучая энергия привела к бурному успеху.

문장 패턴

Это [adjective] [noun].

Это бурная река.

У него/неё была [adjective] [noun].

У неё была бурная молодость.

[Noun] вызвал(а) [adjective] [noun].

Новость вызвала бурную реакцию.

Мы наблюдаем [adjective] [noun].

Мы наблюдаем бурный рост цен.

[Noun] характеризуется [adjective] [noun].

Период характеризуется бурным развитием.

Несмотря на [adjective] [noun]...

Несмотря на бурное море, мы вышли в путь.

[Noun] погрузился в [adjective] [noun].

Город погрузился в бурный хаос протестов.

[Adjective] [noun] [verb] всё на своём пути.

Бурная стихия сметала всё на своём пути.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Common in both written and spoken Russian, especially in journalism and literature.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'бурный' for a fast car. → быстрая машина
'Бурный' implies turbulence and chaos, which doesn't apply to a car's normal movement.
Stressing the second syllable: бурнЫй. → бУрный
The stress in the adjective 'бурный' is fixed on the first syllable.
Confusing 'бурный' with 'бурый'. → бурый медведь (brown bear)
'Бурый' is a color; 'бурный' is an intensity. One 'н' makes a big difference!
Using 'бурный' to mean 'physically strong' for a person. → сильный человек
'Бурный' describes temperament or actions, not physical muscle power.
Using 'бурный' for a quiet but fast process. → быстрый процесс
If the process is fast but calm (like a computer downloading a file), 'бурный' is inappropriate.

팁

Think of Water

If you're unsure if 'бурный' fits, imagine if the situation could be compared to a crashing wave or a mountain stream. If yes, 'бурный' is probably correct.

The Theater Rule

Always use 'бурные' with 'аплодисменты'. It's the most natural way to describe loud clapping in Russian.

Adjective Endings

Remember to match the ending to the noun. 'Бурная' for feminine (река), 'бурный' for masculine (рост), 'бурное' for neuter (море), 'бурные' for plural (дебаты).

Business Russian

Use 'бурный рост' in business presentations to sound more professional and native when describing rapid success.

Stress the 'U'

The stress is always on the 'у'. Pronounce it clearly: БУР-ный.

Switching it up

If 'бурный' feels too dramatic, try 'интенсивный'. If it feels too weak, try 'неистовый'.

The 'Burya' Connection

Connect 'бурный' to 'буря' (storm) in your mind. A 'бурный' day is a 'stormy' day.

Not for Color

Don't confuse 'бурный' with 'бурый'. You don't want to say you have a 'stormy bear' when you mean a 'brown bear'!

Emotional Weight

Use 'бурный' when you want to emphasize the emotional intensity of a reaction. It's more powerful than just 'сильный'.

News Keywords

When you hear 'бурно' or 'бурный' on the news, pay attention—it usually signals a major event or change.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'burning' storm. Even though 'бурный' (burnyy) sounds like 'burning', it actually means 'stormy'. Imagine a storm so intense it looks like the sea is burning with white foam.

시각적 연상

Imagine a mountain river crashing against rocks with white foam everywhere. That is a 'бурная река'. Now imagine a crowd in a theater doing the same thing with their hands—'бурные аплодисменты'.

Word Web

буря (storm) река (river) рост (growth) аплодисменты (applause) роман (romance) дискуссия (discussion) молодость (youth) темперамент (temperament)

챌린지

Try to use 'бурный' in three different ways today: once for the weather/nature, once for an emotion, and once for a social event. Write these sentences in your journal.

어원

Derived from the Proto-Slavic *bur'a, which means 'storm' or 'tempest'. It is related to the verb *buriti, meaning 'to stir up' or 'to agitate'.

원래 의미: Pertaining to a storm; having the qualities of a tempest.

Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > East Slavic > Russian.

문화적 맥락

The word is generally neutral, but when describing a person's 'бурная молодость' (wild youth), it can imply scandals or mistakes, so use it with care depending on who you are talking to.

English speakers might use 'stormy' mostly for weather or relationships, but 'бурный' is much more common in Russian for things like 'applause' or 'economic growth' where English might prefer 'thunderous' or 'rapid'.

Maxim Gorky's poem 'The Song of the Stormy Petrel' (Песня о Буревестнике). The common Soviet news phrase 'бурные аплодисменты, переходящие в овацию'. Classic descriptions of the Caucasus mountains in the works of Lermontov and Pushkin.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Nature and Weather

бурная река
бурное море
бурный поток
бурная стихия

Social Gatherings

бурные аплодисменты
бурная дискуссия
бурное обсуждение
бурные дебаты

Personal Life

бурная молодость
бурный роман
бурная жизнь
бурный темперамент

Economy and Science

бурный рост
бурное развитие
бурный прогресс
бурная реакция

Emotions

бурная радость
бурный гнев
бурное негодование
бурные чувства

대화 시작하기

"У тебя когда-нибудь была бурная молодость?"

"Что вызывает у тебя бурную радость?"

"Ты предпочитаешь спокойный отдых или бурные приключения?"

"Как ты думаешь, бурный рост технологий — это хорошо или плохо?"

"Какая книга вызвала у тебя самое бурное обсуждение с друзьями?"

일기 주제

Опиши свой самый бурный день за последнее время. Что произошло?

Расскажи о случае, когда ты видел бурную реку или море. Какие были ощущения?

Напиши о человеке с бурным темпераментом, которого ты знаешь.

Как ты относишься к бурному прогрессу в области искусственного интеллекта?

Опиши идеальные 'бурные выходные' для тебя.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, you should use 'быстрый' for a car. 'Бурный' implies a chaotic or storm-like movement. A car moves in a controlled, linear way, so 'бурный' doesn't fit unless the car is literally spinning out of control in a storm-like fashion.

A 'быстрая река' just flows at a high speed. A 'бурная река' is turbulent, has rapids, white foam, and is crashing against rocks. It's much more descriptive of the water's violent state.

Usually, yes. 'Бурный рост' in economy or technology is seen as a sign of success. However, in medicine, 'бурный рост опухоли' (rapid tumor growth) is very negative. The word itself just means 'intense and fast'.

The standard translation is 'бурные аплодисменты'. You can also use 'бурные овации' for something even more intense.

You can describe a person's 'темперамент' (temperament) or 'нрав' (disposition) as 'бурный', meaning they are passionate and volatile. You don't usually call the person 'бурный человек' directly; instead, describe their life or character.

The adverb is 'бурно'. For example: 'Они бурно обсуждали проект' (They were intensely/heatedly discussing the project).

It refers to a youth full of adventures, risks, parties, and perhaps some scandals. It's the opposite of a quiet, studious youth.

Yes, but 'сильный ветер' or 'штормовой ветер' are more common. 'Бурный ветер' is more poetic and suggests a wind that is gusty and chaotic.

Yes, it is typically introduced at the B1 level because it involves metaphorical thinking and common collocations that go beyond basic survival Russian.

The root is 'буря', which means 'storm'. All meanings of 'бурный' relate back to the energy and chaos of a storm.

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