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A2 noun 10분 분량

hareket

예시 노트와 팁 hareket 30초 만에
설명 hareket in your Level:
At the A1 level, you will primarily use 'hareket' in the context of transportation. You will see it on bus schedules or hear it at train stations. It is a simple noun that you will often pair with 'etmek' to say 'to move' or 'to depart.' For example, 'Otobüs hareket ediyor' (The bus is moving/departing). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex social meanings. Just remember that it means something is no longer still. You might also use it in a gym context to describe a single exercise. Focus on the phrase 'hareket saati' (departure time), as this is very useful for travelers. You should also learn that 'hareket' is a noun and cannot be a verb on its own. You always need 'etmek' to make it an action. Think of 'hareket' as the 'start' button for a vehicle. It is one of the first abstract nouns you learn that has a very concrete application in daily life. When you are at an airport, you might see 'kalkış,' but at a bus station, 'hareket' is king. Learn it as part of your travel vocabulary.
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As an A2 learner, you start using 'hareket' to describe physical activity and basic human behavior. You will use the plural 'hareketler' to talk about exercises or a series of actions. For instance, 'Sabah hareketleri yapıyorum' (I am doing morning exercises). You also begin to use the dative case with 'harekete geçmek' (to take action/to start moving). This is a common phrase in stories or when planning a simple task. You will also notice the word in compound nouns like 'el hareketi' (hand gesture). At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'hareket etmek' (to move) and 'taşınmak' (to move house), which is a frequent point of confusion. You will also hear it used to describe a 'lively' place: 'Burası çok hareketli' (This place is very active/busy). This adjective form 'hareketli' is very common at the A2 level for describing cities, parties, or people. You are moving from seeing 'hareket' as just a 'departure' to seeing it as 'activity' in general. It helps you describe the world around you with more energy.
At the B1 level, you encounter 'hareket' in more abstract and social contexts. You will read about 'toplumsal hareketler' (social movements) or 'siyasi hareketler' (political movements). You begin to understand that 'hareket' can represent the collective action of hundreds of people. You will also use it to describe more complex human interactions. For example, 'Onun bu hareketi beni çok şaşırttı' (This move/action of his surprised me a lot). Here, 'hareket' isn't just a physical shift; it's a choice or a gesture with social meaning. You will also start using the word in more technical or professional settings, such as 'piyasa hareketleri' (market movements) in business. Your grammar will include more complex structures, like 'hareket kabiliyeti' (mobility/ability to move). You are now expected to use the word to describe trends and dynamics. You might use it to discuss the plot of a movie or the 'movement' in a piece of music. The word becomes a tool for analysis, not just description. You'll also learn more idioms, like 'harekete getirmek' (to set in motion/to mobilize).
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By B2, you should be comfortable with 'hareket' in all its nuances, including its use in literature and formal reports. You will differentiate it from synonyms like 'eylem' or 'devinim' based on the register of the conversation. You will use it to describe mechanical processes in engineering or biological processes in medicine, such as 'bağırsak hareketleri' (bowel movements). In a professional context, you might discuss 'stratejik hareketler' (strategic moves) in a business plan. You will also encounter the word in legal or formal contexts, such as 'hareket tarzı' (manner of action/modus operandi). Your ability to use the word in the passive voice ('hareket edildi') or in complex subordinate clauses will improve. You will understand how 'hareket' functions as a root for other words like 'hareketli,' 'hareketsiz' (motionless), and 'hareketlilik' (mobility). You can now engage in debates about 'özgürlük hareketleri' (freedom movements) and explain the nuances of a person's 'body language' (beden dili/hareketleri). The word is now a versatile part of your academic and professional Turkish.
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At the C1 level, 'hareket' is used to discuss philosophy, high-level politics, and complex systems. You will understand the subtle difference between 'hareket' and 'akım' when discussing 19th-century Turkish literature or art. You will use the word to describe the 'kinetic' quality of a poem or the 'momentum' of a historical era. You will be familiar with phrases like 'hareket noktası' (starting point/premise) in an argument. For example, 'Bu tartışmanın hareket noktası yanlıştır' (The premise of this discussion is wrong). You will also understand its use in physics at an advanced level, discussing 'bağıl hareket' (relative motion). Your usage will be precise, choosing 'hareket' over other words to convey a sense of organic, perhaps unplanned, development versus the more structured 'faaliyet' (activity). You will also recognize the word in historical titles, such as specific reform movements in the Ottoman Empire. At this stage, you are not just using the word; you are playing with its abstract potential to describe the very flow of time and ideas.
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As a C2 speaker, you have a complete mastery of 'hareket' and its etymological roots. You understand its Arabic origin and how it has integrated into the Turkish vowel harmony and phonological system. You can use it in highly specialized fields, from 'nöronsal hareketler' (neuronal movements) in neuroscience to 'jeopolitik hareketler' (geopolitical maneuvers) in international relations. You will appreciate the word's role in the 'Öztürkçe' (Pure Turkish) movement, where it survived while many other Arabic words were replaced by 'devinim' or 'eylem,' because of its deep-rooted presence in the vernacular. You can interpret the 'hareket' of a complex financial market with ease and write sophisticated essays on 'toplumsal hareketlerin evrimi' (the evolution of social movements). You use the word with perfect prosody and can identify when it is used ironically or metaphorically in high literature. For you, 'hareket' is no longer a vocabulary item; it is a fundamental concept that you can manipulate to describe any form of change, from the vibration of a string to the fall of an empire.
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예시 노트와 팁

hareket 30초 만에

  • Hareket is the primary Turkish noun for movement, motion, and departure, essential for daily travel and physical descriptions.
  • It is frequently paired with the auxiliary verb 'etmek' to form 'hareket etmek,' which means to move or to depart.
  • The word also covers social and political movements, as well as individual human behaviors and specific exercise steps.
  • A key distinction for learners is its use in transportation (departure time) versus its use in describing general activity.

The Turkish word hareket is a foundational noun that English speakers will encounter almost immediately upon starting their Turkish journey. At its core, it translates to 'movement,' 'motion,' or 'action.' However, its utility in the Turkish language is far more expansive than a simple physics term. It encompasses everything from the physical shifting of a limb to the grand departure of an intercity train, and even the abstract momentum of a social or political movement. Understanding hareket requires looking at it through three primary lenses: physical displacement, scheduled departures, and behavioral conduct.

Physical Motion
This is the most literal use. It refers to any change in position. In a gym setting, a trainer might ask you to repeat a 'hareket' (exercise move). In a scientific context, it refers to kinetic energy or the laws of motion. If someone is sitting too still, you might ask if they are okay by noting their lack of hareket.

Lütfen yerinizden hiç hareket etmeyin.

Translation: Please do not move from your place at all.
Transportation and Departure
In the context of Turkish travel, hareket is the standard word for 'departure.' When you are at a 'otogar' (bus station) or 'istasyon' (train station), you will look for the 'hareket saati' (departure time). It signifies the moment the vehicle begins its journey. This is a crucial distinction for English speakers who might look for words like 'kalkış' (which is also used, but hareket is very common for the act of starting the motion).

Furthermore, hareket extends into the realm of human behavior. If someone does something unexpected or rude, a Turk might say 'Bu ne biçim hareket?' (What kind of behavior/move is this?). Here, it acts as a synonym for 'action' or 'gesture.' In social history, the 'Milli Mücadele' (National Struggle) is often described as a 'hareket' because it was a collective movement of the people. Whether you are discussing the movement of the stars, the departure of a ferry across the Bosphorus, or a specific step in a dance routine, hareket is your go-to word. Its versatility makes it indispensable for A2 learners who are moving beyond simple objects and into the world of actions and schedules.

Otobüsün hareket saati yaklaşıyor, acele etmeliyiz.

Translation: The bus's departure time is approaching, we must hurry.
Social and Political Context
In newspapers and academic texts, hareket refers to organized groups. A 'gençlik hareketi' is a youth movement. A 'siyasi hareket' is a political movement. It implies a sense of direction and purpose, much like its physical counterpart. It suggests that a group of people is 'in motion' toward a specific goal.

Using hareket effectively requires a grasp of Turkish case endings and its relationship with the auxiliary verb etmek. Because it is a noun, it can take all the standard Turkish suffixes. When it functions as the subject, it remains in the nominative: 'Hareket bitti' (The movement ended). However, you will most frequently see it in the dative case (-e/-a) when something is 'put into motion' or 'set off.'

The Dative Case: Harekete
The phrase 'harekete geçmek' is a very common idiom meaning 'to take action' or 'to start moving.' For example, 'Polis harekete geçti' (The police took action). The dative ending -e indicates the direction of the transition into a state of motion.

Planı uygulamak için hemen harekete geçmeliyiz.

Translation: We must take action immediately to implement the plan.

When describing the movement of something, you use the possessive construction. 'Vücut hareketi' (body movement), 'el hareketi' (hand gesture), or 'fiyat hareketleri' (price movements/fluctuations). Note how the second noun takes the possessive suffix -(s)i. This is vital for describing specific types of motion. If you are at the doctor, they might ask about your 'eklem hareketleri' (joint movements).

The Ablative Case: Hareketten
The ablative case -den/-dan is used to indicate a starting point. 'Hareketten önce' means 'before departure' or 'before the movement.' If you are taking a travel pill, the instructions might say: 'Hareketten yarım saat önce alın' (Take it half an hour before departure).

Bu hareketin amacı nedir?

Translation: What is the purpose of this movement/action?

Finally, consider the plural form hareketler. This is used when referring to multiple actions or a series of exercises. 'Isınma hareketleri' (warming-up exercises) is a phrase every athlete knows. In a social context, 'hareketlerine dikkat et' (watch your actions/behavior) is a common warning given to children or subordinates. By mastering these case variations, you can describe not just the concept of motion, but the timing, direction, and ownership of that motion.

You will hear hareket in a startling variety of environments in Turkey. If you are standing on a platform at the Sirkeci Train Station in Istanbul, the overhead announcements will frequently use the word to signal departures. 'Sayın yolcularımız, Ankara treni hareket etmek üzeredir' (Dear passengers, the Ankara train is about to depart). In this high-stress environment, the word is a signal for action, prompting passengers to gather their bags and board.

In the Gym and Sports
Walk into any 'spor salonu' (gym) in Ankara or Izmir, and you'll hear trainers shouting instructions. They might say, 'Bu hareketi on kez tekrarlayın' (Repeat this move ten times). Here, hareket refers to a specific physical exercise, like a squat or a bicep curl. It is the discrete unit of a workout.

Maçta çok güzel bir hareket yaptı.

Translation: He/She made a very beautiful move in the match.

Turn on the evening news ('haberler'), and the word takes on its social and economic meanings. News anchors discuss 'piyasadaki hareketlilik' (activity/mobility in the market) or a new 'toplumsal hareket' (social movement). If there is a protest in Kızılay Square, the reporter will describe the 'hareketli dakikalar' (active/eventful minutes) as the crowd moves. It captures the pulse of the city and the society.

In a classroom, a physics teacher will use hareket to explain 'doğrusal hareket' (linear motion) or 'dairesel hareket' (circular motion). In a dance studio, the instructor will focus on the 'estetik hareketler' (aesthetic movements). The word is ubiquitous because it bridges the gap between the scientific, the social, and the mundane. Even in literature, a plot's progression is its 'hareket.' It is the word that describes the very essence of life: things not being still.

Şehirde büyük bir hareket var.

Translation: There is a lot of activity/movement in the city.

For English speakers, the primary confusion with hareket arises from its overlap with other Turkish words like eylem (action), davranış (behavior), and taşınmak (to move house). One of the most common errors is using hareket etmek when you mean you are moving to a new apartment. In Turkish, 'moving house' is taşınmak. If you say 'Yeni bir eve hareket ediyorum,' a Turk will imagine you are physically running toward a new house, not changing your residence.

Hareket vs. Eylem
While both can mean 'action,' eylem is more abstract and often refers to a political strike or a grammatical verb. Hareket is more about the physical or momentum-based aspect. You 'take action' (harekete geçmek) to start a process, but a 'protest action' is an 'eylem.'

Yanlış: Yeni bir eve hareket ediyorum. (Wrong)
Doğru: Yeni bir eve taşınıyorum. (Correct)

Another mistake involves the distinction between hareket and davranış. If you want to criticize someone's general character or way of acting, davranış is usually better. Hareket refers to a specific, single act. 'Onun hareketleri garip' means his specific moves/actions right now are strange. 'Onun davranışları garip' means his general behavior is strange. Using them interchangeably can sometimes muddy your meaning.

Lastly, be careful with the word 'kalkış.' While 'kalkış' and 'hareket' both mean departure, 'kalkış' is almost exclusively used for planes taking off or people standing up. For buses and trains, hareket is the standard term. If you tell a bus driver 'Kalkış ne zaman?', he will understand you, but 'Hareket ne zaman?' sounds much more natural and native-like. Avoid over-complicating the sentence; Turkish prefers the simplest noun-verb combination for daily activities.

While hareket is the most common term for movement, Turkish offers several nuances depending on the context. If you are looking for a more formal or scientific term, you might encounter devinim. This is often used in philosophy or advanced physics to describe continuous motion or the state of being in flux. It is rarely used in daily conversation but is vital for academic reading.

Hareket vs. Devinim
Hareket: General, daily use, physical or social. (e.g., 'otobüs hareketi')
Devinim: Formal, philosophical, continuous process. (e.g., 'düşünsel devinim' - intellectual movement)

For 'gestures,' hareket is common, but jest (borrowed from French) is also used, especially in artistic or social contexts. If you are talking about a kind gesture, you might say 'zarif bir jest' (an elegant gesture). However, if you are talking about a hand signal, 'el hareketi' remains the standard.

Hareket vs. Akım
Hareket: A group of people acting together (e.g., 'kadın hareketi' - women's movement).
Akım: A trend or a school of thought (e.g., 'edebiyat akımı' - literary movement/trend). Use 'akım' when talking about fashion or art styles.

Bu yeni sanat akımı dünyayı etkiledi.

Translation: This new art movement (trend) affected the world.

In the context of 'action' or 'operation,' especially in military or police settings, operasyon or harekât is used. Note the similarity: harekât is the plural-derived form of hareket in Arabic, but in Turkish, it specifically means a military operation. If you hear 'askeri harekât,' it refers to a specific military campaign, not just general movement. Understanding these distinctions helps you move from basic fluency to nuanced communication.

재미있는 사실

In the Ottoman era, 'hareket' was also used to describe the movement of stars in astronomy. Today, it is so common that it is used for everything from a bus leaving to a person's behavior.

발음 가이드

UK /hɑːrɛˈkɛt/
US /hɑːrɛˈkɛt/
The primary stress is on the final syllable: ha-re-KET.
라임이 맞는 단어
bereket memleket nezaket felaket refakat sadakat ziyaret ticaret
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing the 'h' as silent (like in French). In Turkish, 'h' is always sounded.
  • Stress on the first syllable. Turkish usually stresses the end of the word.
  • Making the 'e' sound like 'ay'. It should be a short 'e' as in 'bed'.
  • Confusing the 'r' with an English 'r'. It should be a quick tap of the tongue.
  • Not pronouncing the final 't' clearly.
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수준별 예문

1

Tren saat kaçta hareket ediyor?

What time does the train depart?

Uses 'hareket etmek' as a compound verb.

2

Lütfen hareket etme.

Please do not move.

Negative imperative form.

3

Otobüs şimdi hareket etti.

The bus just moved/departed.

Past tense 'etti'.

4

Bu hareket çok kolay.

This move is very easy.

Hareket as a noun subject.

5

Kedi çok hızlı hareket ediyor.

The cat is moving very fast.

Adverb 'hızlı' modifying the verb.

6

Hareket saati geldi.

The departure time has come.

Noun compound 'hareket saati'.

7

Elimi hareket ettiremiyorum.

I cannot move my hand.

Causative-ability 'ettiremiyorum'.

8

Gemiler yavaş hareket eder.

Ships move slowly.

Aorist tense for general facts.

1

Sabahları spor hareketleri yaparım.

I do sports exercises in the mornings.

Plural 'hareketler' used for exercises.

2

Harekete geçmek için beklemeyin.

Do not wait to take action.

Dative case 'harekete' with 'geçmek'.

3

Bu çocuk çok hareketli.

This child is very active/lively.

Adjective 'hareketli' formed with -li suffix.

4

Arabanın hareketinde bir sorun var.

There is a problem with the movement of the car.

Possessive 'arabanın hareketi' with locative case.

5

Dansçının hareketleri çok zarif.

The dancer's moves are very elegant.

Possessive plural 'hareketleri'.

6

Şehirde hiç hareket yok.

There is no activity in the city.

Using 'hareket' to mean activity/life.

7

Lütfen bu hareketi tekrarla.

Please repeat this move.

Accusative case 'hareketi' as a direct object.

8

Fiyatlardaki hareket bizi korkuttu.

The movement in the prices scared us.

Locative-attributive '-daki' suffix.

1

Yeni bir sosyal hareket başlıyor.

A new social movement is starting.

'Sosyal hareket' refers to a collective group.

2

Onun kaba hareketleri herkesi üzdü.

His rude actions saddened everyone.

'Hareket' used as a synonym for behavior.

3

Harekete geçmeden önce iyi düşünmelisin.

You should think well before taking action.

Ablative 'hareketten' implied in 'harekete geçmeden'.

4

Piyasadaki bu hareketlilik geçici olabilir.

This mobility/activity in the market might be temporary.

Noun 'hareketlilik' (activity/mobility).

5

Askerler büyük bir gizlilikle hareket etti.

The soldiers moved/acted with great secrecy.

Manner adverb 'gizlilikle'.

6

Bu makinenin hareketli parçaları var.

This machine has moving parts.

Adjective 'hareketli' modifying 'parçalar'.

7

Onun bu hareketi bir güven göstergesiydi.

This move of his was an indicator of trust.

Abstract use of 'hareket'.

8

Hareketsiz kalmak sağlığa zararlıdır.

Staying motionless/inactive is harmful to health.

Adjective 'hareketsiz' (motionless/inactive).

1

Hükümet ekonomik bir hareket planı hazırladı.

The government prepared an economic action plan.

'Hareket planı' means action plan.

2

Göz hareketleri yalan söyleyip söylemediğini ele verir.

Eye movements reveal whether he is lying or not.

Compound noun 'göz hareketleri'.

3

Bu bölgede askeri hareketlilik arttı.

Military activity has increased in this region.

Formal term 'askeri hareketlilik'.

4

Yazar, romandaki hareketliliği ustaca sağlıyor.

The author skillfully provides the momentum in the novel.

Metaphorical use for narrative pace.

5

Robotun eklem hareketleri çok doğal görünüyor.

The robot's joint movements look very natural.

Technical use in robotics.

6

Harekete geçirici bir konuşma yaptı.

He gave a mobilizing/inspiring speech.

Adjectival phrase 'harekete geçirici'.

7

Her hareketin bir tepkisi vardır.

Every action has a reaction.

Scientific law context.

8

Onun hareket tarzı bana uymuyor.

His way of acting/modus operandi doesn't suit me.

'Hareket tarzı' (manner of action).

1

Felsefede hareket ve durgunluk temel kavramlardır.

In philosophy, motion and stillness are fundamental concepts.

Abstract philosophical nouns.

2

Bu siyasi hareketin kökleri çok derine iniyor.

The roots of this political movement go very deep.

Metaphorical use for historical origin.

3

Piyasadaki spekülatif hareketler yatırımcıyı korkutuyor.

Speculative movements in the market scare the investor.

Financial terminology.

4

Hareket noktası olarak bu verileri almalıyız.

We should take these data as our starting point.

Idiom 'hareket noktası' (starting point/premise).

5

Toplumsal hareketlerin evrimi sosyolojinin konusudur.

The evolution of social movements is the subject of sociology.

Academic sentence structure.

6

Onun her hareketi titizlikle planlanmıştı.

His every move was meticulously planned.

Adverbial phrase 'titizlikle'.

7

Sanatçı, heykelinde hareketi dondurmayı başarmış.

The artist succeeded in freezing the motion in his sculpture.

Artistic critique context.

8

Bağıl hareket kavramını anlamak zordur.

It is difficult to understand the concept of relative motion.

Physics term 'bağıl hareket'.

1

Kuantum dünyasında hareket klasik yasalarla açıklanamaz.

In the quantum world, motion cannot be explained by classical laws.

Advanced scientific context.

2

Diplomatik bir manevra olarak bu hareket çok riskli.

As a diplomatic maneuver, this move is very risky.

Metaphorical 'move' in diplomacy.

3

Zamanın akışındaki o gizli hareketi hissedebiliyordu.

He could feel that secret movement in the flow of time.

Literary/Poetic use.

4

Jeopolitik hareketler bölgedeki dengeleri değiştirdi.

Geopolitical maneuvers changed the balances in the region.

High-level political analysis.

5

Nöronsal hareketlerin haritalanması tıp için bir devrimdir.

Mapping neuronal movements is a revolution for medicine.

Technical medical context.

6

Bu reform hareketi imparatorluğun ömrünü uzattı.

This reform movement extended the life of the empire.

Historical analysis.

7

Düşünsel bir hareket olarak aydınlanma çok önemlidir.

Enlightenment as an intellectual movement is very important.

Intellectual history context.

8

Koreografideki her hareket bir hikaye anlatır.

Every move in the choreography tells a story.

Artistic expression context.

자주 쓰는 조합

hareket etmek
hareket saati
harekete geçmek
sosyal hareket
el hareketi
spor hareketleri
hareket alanı
piyasa hareketleri
hareket kabiliyeti
ani hareket

자주 쓰는 구문

Hareket vakti

— Time to leave or depart.

Hadi, hareket vakti geldi!

Harekete getirmek

— To mobilize or set something in motion.

Halkı harekete getirdi.

Hareket noktası

— Starting point or basis of an argument.

Bizim hareket noktamız bu rapor.

Hareket çekmek

— To make a rude hand gesture (slang).

Ona hareket çekti.

Harekete hazır

— Ready for action or departure.

Birlikler harekete hazır.

Hareketli bir gün

— A busy or eventful day.

Bugün çok hareketli bir gündü.

Hareketsiz kalmak

— To remain still or fail to take action.

Olay karşısında hareketsiz kaldı.

Hareket serbestliği

— Freedom of movement.

Hareket serbestliğimiz var.

Hareket amiri

— Dispatcher or station master.

Hareket amiriyle konuştum.

Hareket bereket getirir

— Activity brings abundance (proverb).

Çalışmalısın, hareket bereket getirir.

관용어 및 표현

"Harekete geçmek"

— To start acting or working on something.

Polis suçluları yakalamak için harekete geçti.

neutral
"Nerede hareket, orada bereket"

— Where there is activity, there is prosperity.

Dükkanı açmalısın, nerede hareket orada bereket.

informal/proverb
"Hareket çekmek"

— To make an insulting gesture with the hands.

Trafikte birbirlerine hareket çektiler.

slang
"Harekete getirmek"

— To motivate someone to do something.

Liderin konuşması gençleri harekete getirdi.

neutral
"Ölü hareket"

— A useless or ineffective action.

Bu yaptığın ölü bir hareket.

informal
"Hareket alanı daralmak"

— To have fewer options or less freedom to act.

Yeni kurallarla hareket alanımız daraldı.

formal
"Ters hareket yapmak"

— To make a wrong or injurious physical move.

Spor yaparken ters bir hareket yaptım.

neutral
"Siyasi hareket"

— A political group or trend.

Bu siyasi hareket 80'lerde başladı.

neutral
"Hareket saati"

— The specific time scheduled for departure.

Hareket saatini kaçırma.

neutral
"Hareketli dakikalar"

— Exciting or tense moments of activity.

Maçın sonunda hareketli dakikalar yaşandı.

journalistic

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

관련

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기억법

Think of a 'Harried Cat' (Hare-ket) that is constantly in MOVEMENT.

시각적 연상

Visualize a train 'hareket-ing' (departing) from a station while a person does gym 'hareket-leri' (moves) on the platform.

Word Web

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챌린지

Try to use 'hareket' in three different contexts today: travel, exercise, and describing a person's behavior.

어원

Derived from the Arabic root 'ḥ-r-k' (ḥaraka), which means 'to move' or 'to be in motion'. It entered Turkish during the Ottoman period and has remained a core part of the vocabulary despite language reforms.

원래 의미: The original Arabic meaning refers to physical motion, but also includes the 'vowel marks' in Arabic script (harakat), which 'move' the consonants.

Semitic (Arabic) origin, integrated into the Turkic linguistic structure.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'hareket çekmek' (making a gesture), as it almost always implies a vulgar or rude hand signal in slang.

English speakers often confuse 'hareket' with 'moving house' (taşınmak). In English, 'move' covers both, but in Turkish, they are strictly separate.

Milli Hareket (National Movement in Turkish history) Hareket Ordusu (Action Army of 1909) Hareket Dergisi (A famous Turkish intellectual magazine)
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