When talking about something bad, the word you're probably looking for is malo. This is a very common adjective, and it can describe a wide variety of things.
For example, you can say el tiempo es malo (the weather is bad), or la comida está mala (the food is bad). Remember that like many adjectives in Spanish, it needs to agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. So you'll see forms like mala (feminine singular), malos (masculine plural), and malas (feminine plural).
Malo in 30 Seconds
- Use 'malo' for bad quality.
- It changes gender and number (mala, malos, malas).
- It shortens to 'mal' before a masculine singular noun.
§ What 'Malo' Means
You're learning Spanish, and one of the first words you'll encounter is 'malo'. It's a fundamental adjective, meaning 'bad'. Simple, right? Well, yes, but let's look at how native speakers actually use it.
- DEFINITION
- Malo (adjective): Bad. It describes something or someone that is not good, unfavorable, or harmful.
The word 'malo' is very common, and you'll hear it in countless situations. Think about anything you'd describe as 'bad' in English – 'malo' often fits the bill in Spanish.
§ When to Use 'Malo'
You can use 'malo' to talk about a wide range of things. Here are some common scenarios:
- Describing quality: If something isn't good quality, it's 'malo'.
- Describing behavior: Someone acting inappropriately can be 'malo'.
- Describing feelings or states: If you're feeling unwell, you might say 'me siento malo'.
- Describing weather: 'Hace mal tiempo' means the weather is bad.
- General negativity: For almost anything that is undesirable or negative.
Let's look at some examples to make this concrete.
Este libro es muy malo. (This book is very bad.)
Tuve un día malo en el trabajo. (I had a bad day at work.)
No seas malo con tu hermano. (Don't be bad/mean to your brother.)
Notice how 'malo' changes based on the noun it describes. Like many Spanish adjectives, it has different forms for masculine/feminine and singular/plural. We'll cover that in detail in another section, but for now, remember the basic form 'malo'.
§ Common Phrases with 'Malo'
Here are a few common phrases where 'malo' pops up:
- Pasar un mal rato: To have a bad time.
- Tener mala suerte: To have bad luck.
- Hacer mal: To do harm, or to be bad for something.
- Estar de malas: To be in a bad mood (informal).
Lo siento, pasé un mal rato en la fiesta. (Sorry, I had a bad time at the party.)
As you can see, 'malo' is a very versatile word. Don't be afraid to use it in different contexts. The more you hear and use it, the more natural it will become.
Keep an ear out for 'malo' in conversations, songs, and movies. You'll quickly notice how frequently it's used. Pay attention to what it's describing, and you'll start to build a strong intuition for its usage. Remember, consistent exposure and practice are key to mastering any new vocabulary word.
§ Understanding 'Malo' and its Forms
When you're learning Spanish, 'malo' is one of those essential words you'll use constantly. It means 'bad'. Simple, right? But like many adjectives in Spanish, it changes form depending on what it's describing.
- DEFINITION
- Bad
The main thing to remember is that 'malo' is an adjective, and adjectives in Spanish have to agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. This means 'malo' has four forms:
- Malo: Masculine singular (e.g., el perro malo - the bad dog)
- Mala: Feminine singular (e.g., la comida mala - the bad food)
- Malos: Masculine plural (e.g., los chicos malos - the bad boys)
- Malas: Feminine plural (e.g., las noticias malas - the bad news)
§ Basic Sentence Structure with 'Malo'
You'll usually place 'malo' after the noun it describes. This is the most common and natural way to use adjectives in Spanish.
Es un día malo.
Translation hint: It is a bad day.
Ella tiene una actitud mala.
Translation hint: She has a bad attitude.
§ 'Malo' with Ser and Estar
This is where it gets a little trickier, but still manageable. You know 'ser' and 'estar' both mean 'to be'. The difference is crucial when using 'malo'.
- Ser malo: This means something is inherently bad, or bad by nature. It describes a permanent characteristic.
- Estar malo: This means something is temporarily bad, or in a bad state. It describes a condition or feeling.
El perro es malo.
Translation hint: The dog is bad (e.g., he's an aggressive dog).
El café está malo.
Translation hint: The coffee is bad (e.g., it tastes terrible right now, or it's spoiled).
§ Shortening 'Malo': 'Mal' Before Masculine Singular Nouns
Here's a specific grammar rule for 'malo' that you need to know. When 'malo' comes directly *before* a masculine singular noun, it shortens to 'mal'. This is similar to how 'grande' becomes 'gran' before any singular noun.
Es un mal
Translation hint: It is a bad day.
Tuvimos un mal
Translation hint: We had a bad moment.
Remember, this shortening only happens before masculine singular nouns. For feminine nouns or plural nouns, 'malo' keeps its full form and typically goes after the noun, though it can sometimes precede it for emphasis, but that's less common for beginners.
§ Common Phrases with 'Malo'
You'll hear 'malo' in many everyday expressions. Here are a couple to get you started:
- Estar de mal humor: To be in a bad mood.
- Tener mala suerte: To have bad luck.
Mi amigo está de mal humor.
Translation hint: My friend is in a bad mood.
Ella tiene mala suerte.
Translation hint: She has bad luck.
Keep practicing these forms and contexts, and you'll be using 'malo' correctly in no time!
How Formal Is It?
"Fue un día nefasto para la economía global."
"La comida estaba mala y no la pudimos comer."
"El servicio de atención al cliente fue pésimo."
"No le gusta ese juguete, dice que es feo."
"Ese hotel es un poco cutre, ¿no?"
Fun Fact
The word 'malo' has a direct lineage from the Latin 'malus', which carried a broad range of negative connotations. This is a common pattern in Romance languages, where many words for 'bad' or 'evil' stem from similar Latin roots.
Examples by Level
El perro es malo.
The dog is bad.
Masculine singular noun, masculine singular adjective.
La comida es mala.
The food is bad.
Feminine singular noun, feminine singular adjective.
Los niños son malos.
The children are bad.
Masculine plural noun, masculine plural adjective.
Las noticias son malas.
The news is bad.
Feminine plural noun, feminine plural adjective.
Hoy hace mal tiempo.
Today the weather is bad. (lit. Today makes bad weather.)
Used with 'hacer' for weather. 'Mal' is a short form of 'malo' used before a masculine singular noun.
Este libro no es malo.
This book is not bad.
Negation with 'no' before the verb.
¿Es malo el coche?
Is the car bad?
Question structure.
Tengo un día malo.
I am having a bad day. (lit. I have a bad day.)
Used with 'tener' for expressing a bad day.
La comida estaba mala, no pude comerla.
The food was bad, I couldn't eat it.
Here, 'malo' refers to the quality of the food.
Es una mala idea salir sin paraguas bajo la lluvia.
It's a bad idea to go out without an umbrella in the rain.
'Mala' modifies 'idea', indicating something unwise.
Tuvo un mal día en el trabajo y estaba de mal humor.
He had a bad day at work and was in a bad mood.
'Mal' is the apocopated form of 'malo' before a masculine singular noun. 'Mal humor' is a common expression.
No me gusta el mal tiempo, prefiero el sol.
I don't like bad weather, I prefer the sun.
'Mal tiempo' is another common phrase where 'mal' precedes the noun.
Ese perro es malo, siempre ladra a la gente.
That dog is bad, it always barks at people.
Here, 'malo' describes the dog's behavior or disposition.
Las noticias eran muy malas, pero tenemos que ser fuertes.
The news was very bad, but we have to be strong.
'Malas' agrees in gender and number with 'noticias'.
Tomar demasiados dulces es malo para tu salud.
Eating too many sweets is bad for your health.
'Malo para' is a common construction meaning 'bad for'.
No seas malo con tu hermana, ayúdala.
Don't be bad to your sister, help her.
'Malo con' indicates being mean or unkind towards someone.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
No es malo.
It's not bad.
Qué malo.
How bad.
Es muy malo.
It's very bad.
Un mal momento.
A bad moment.
No te sientas mal.
Don't feel bad.
Es un mal augurio.
It's a bad omen.
Tiene mala fama.
He/she has a bad reputation.
Me siento mal.
I feel bad.
Es malo para la salud.
It's bad for your health.
No seas malo.
Don't be mean/bad.
Often Confused With
'Bueno' is an adjective meaning 'good', while 'malo' is an adjective meaning 'bad'. They are antonyms.
'Bien' is an adverb meaning 'well', often contrasted with 'mal' (adverb) meaning 'badly' or 'poorly'.
'Peor' is the comparative form meaning 'worse', while 'malo' is 'bad'.
Grammar Patterns
Easily Confused
'Malo' can change its meaning slightly depending on whether it comes before or after the noun, and it also has a shortened form 'mal'.
When 'malo' comes *after* the noun, it generally means 'bad' in a moral or qualitative sense (e.g., 'un hombre malo' - a bad man). When it comes *before* the noun, especially when it shortens to 'mal' before a masculine singular noun, it can sometimes imply 'poor quality' or 'unfavorable' (e.g., 'un mal día' - a bad day).
Es un perro malo. (It is a bad dog - referring to behavior). Tuve un mal día. (I had a bad day - referring to the quality of the day).
Often confused with 'bueno'. While 'bueno' (good) is an adjective, 'bien' (well) is an adverb.
'Bueno/a' describes a noun (e.g., 'el libro es bueno' - the book is good). 'Bien' describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb (e.g., 'él canta bien' - he sings well).
Este pastel es bueno. (This cake is good). Ella habla español bien. (She speaks Spanish well).
Can be an adjective (much, many) or an adverb (a lot).
As an adjective, it agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies (e.g., 'mucho dinero', 'muchas personas'). As an adverb, it is invariable and modifies a verb (e.g., 'como mucho' - I eat a lot) or an adjective/adverb (e.g., 'mucho más' - much more).
Tengo mucho trabajo. (I have a lot of work). Me gusta mucho. (I like it a lot).
Similar to 'mucho', 'poco' can be an adjective (little, few) or an adverb (a little, not much).
As an adjective, it agrees in gender and number with the noun (e.g., 'poca agua', 'pocos amigos'). As an adverb, it is invariable and modifies a verb (e.g., 'hablo poco' - I speak little) or an adjective/adverb (e.g., 'poco interesante' - not very interesting).
Hay poca sal. (There is little salt). Entiendo poco. (I understand little).
Can mean 'alone' (adjective) or 'only' (adverb), and the adverbial form used to have an accent ('sólo') which has been removed by the RAE in most cases, causing confusion.
As an adjective, 'solo/a/os/as' agrees with the noun (e.g., 'Estoy solo' - I am alone). As an adverb, 'solo' (without an accent) means 'only' or 'just' and is invariable (e.g., 'Solo quiero café' - I only want coffee).
Él está solo en casa. (He is alone at home). Solo tengo un euro. (I only have one euro).
Sentence Patterns
Ser + malo/mala
El perro es malo. (The dog is bad.)
Estar + malo/mala (for health or state)
Estoy malo. (I am sick.)
Un/una + sustantivo + malo/mala
Es un día malo. (It's a bad day.)
No ser + malo/mala
No es malo comer chocolate. (It's not bad to eat chocolate.)
Qué + malo/mala + es/está...
¡Qué malo es! (How bad he is!)
Verbo + muy/un poco + malo/mala
Esto sabe muy malo. (This tastes very bad.)
Malo/mala + para + sustantivo
Fumar es malo para la salud. (Smoking is bad for health.)
Tener + un/una + mal/mala + sustantivo
Tiene mala suerte. (He has bad luck.)
How to Use It
When describing a noun with malo, you usually place it after the noun: un día malo (a bad day). However, when you want to emphasize the quality, or when referring to moral badness, you can place it before the noun: un mal hombre (a bad man).
Remember that malo changes to mal when it comes directly before a masculine singular noun. For example, you say un mal libro (a bad book), but una mala película (a bad movie).
A common mistake is forgetting to shorten malo to mal before a masculine singular noun. For instance, saying un malo día instead of un mal día. Always check the gender and number of the noun when using this adjective.
Another mistake is confusing malo with enfermo. While malo can mean 'sick' in some contexts (e.g., Estoy malo - I am sick), enfermo is the more direct and common word for 'sick' or 'ill'.
Word Origin
Latin
Original meaning: bad, evil, ugly, unfortunate, wrong, wicked, harmful
Indo-EuropeanCultural Context
When describing people or things, 'malo' is a straightforward way to say something is bad. However, in some idiomatic expressions, it can take on slightly different nuances, such as 'de mala gana' (reluctantly) or 'pasarlo mal' (to have a bad time). It's a versatile word that covers everything from poor quality to morally wrong actions.
Test Yourself 54 questions
Él es un chico muy ___.
The sentence means 'He is a very bad boy.' 'Malo' means bad.
Esta comida está ___. No me gusta.
The sentence means 'This food is bad. I don't like it.' 'Malo' describes the food.
El perro es muy ___. Siempre muerde.
The sentence means 'The dog is very bad. It always bites.' 'Malo' describes the dog's behavior.
Tengo un día ___. Todo sale mal.
The sentence means 'I am having a bad day. Everything goes wrong.' 'Malo' describes the day.
No es una buena idea, es una idea ___.
The sentence means 'It's not a good idea, it's a bad idea.' 'Malo' is the opposite of 'buena'.
Esa película es muy ___. No me gustó nada.
The sentence means 'That movie is very bad. I didn't like it at all.' 'Malo' describes the movie.
Write a short sentence describing something 'bad' in Spanish. Use the word 'malo'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
El perro es malo.
Complete the sentence with a word that means 'bad': El libro es muy ______.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
El libro es muy malo.
Translate this sentence to Spanish: 'The food is bad.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
La comida es mala.
¿Cómo es el día para la playa?
Read this passage:
El día está nublado. No me gusta la lluvia. Es un día malo para la playa.
¿Cómo es el día para la playa?
The passage says 'Es un día malo para la playa,' meaning it's a bad day for the beach.
The passage says 'Es un día malo para la playa,' meaning it's a bad day for the beach.
¿Qué hace el gato a veces?
Read this passage:
Mi gato es muy travieso. A veces, hace cosas malas. ¡Pero lo quiero mucho!
¿Qué hace el gato a veces?
The passage states 'A veces, hace cosas malas,' meaning he sometimes does bad things.
The passage states 'A veces, hace cosas malas,' meaning he sometimes does bad things.
¿Qué piensa la persona sobre el café?
Read this passage:
No me gusta el café. Tiene un sabor muy fuerte. Para mí, el café es malo.
¿Qué piensa la persona sobre el café?
The passage directly states 'Para mí, el café es malo,' meaning for the speaker, coffee is bad.
The passage directly states 'Para mí, el café es malo,' meaning for the speaker, coffee is bad.
El coche está en ___ estado.
Before a masculine singular noun, 'malo' shortens to 'mal'.
No me gusta la comida, tiene un sabor muy ___.
'Sabor' is a masculine singular noun, so 'malo' agrees.
Las noticias que recibimos hoy fueron muy ___.
'Noticias' is a feminine plural noun, so 'malas' agrees.
Es un ___ momento para hablar de ese tema.
Before a masculine singular noun, 'malo' shortens to 'mal'.
Ella siempre tiene ___ suerte en los juegos de azar.
'Suerte' is a feminine singular noun, so 'mala' agrees.
Tener un ___ día es parte de la vida.
Before a masculine singular noun, 'malo' shortens to 'mal'.
Which sentence correctly uses 'malo' to describe something negative?
'Malo' should agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. 'Coche' is masculine singular, so 'malo' is correct. The other options have grammatical errors regarding gender/number agreement or usage.
Choose the best translation for: 'The weather is bad today.'
When talking about the weather, 'el tiempo' is generally used, and 'estar' is the appropriate verb for temporary states like weather conditions. 'Malo' agrees with 'tiempo'.
Which sentence uses 'malo' to indicate a negative quality of a person?
In this context, 'mala' describes a negative personality trait of the sister. The other options refer to the quality of objects (movie, book, coffee).
The phrase 'Hace mal tiempo' means 'It's bad weather.'
'Hacer' is commonly used with 'tiempo' to express weather conditions, and 'mal' is the adverbial form for 'bad' in this context.
You can use 'malo' to describe food that has gone bad.
Yes, 'malo' is frequently used to describe food that is spoiled or no longer good to eat, e.g., 'La leche está mala.'
When describing a person's character, 'malo' can mean 'evil'.
Depending on the context and intensity, 'malo' can indeed carry the meaning of 'evil' when describing a person's character or actions.
No uses esa camisa, está muy ___ y sucia.
In this context, 'malo' (or 'mala' for a feminine noun like 'camisa') means bad quality or condition. The shirt is not good because it's dirty.
El servicio en ese restaurante fue bastante ___; esperamos una hora por la comida.
Here, 'malo' describes the poor quality of the service, indicated by the long wait time.
Es ___ idea ir de excursión sin llevar agua suficiente, especialmente con este calor.
'Mala idea' is a common phrase meaning a bad idea. It refers to a poor or unwise plan.
Tengo un ___ presentimiento sobre este negocio; algo no me cuadra.
When 'malo' precedes a masculine singular noun, it shortens to 'mal'. 'Mal presentimiento' means a bad feeling or premonition.
El actor hizo una ___ interpretación del personaje, lo que arruinó la obra.
'Mala interpretación' means a poor or bad performance. 'Mala' agrees in gender with 'interpretación'.
Es ___ para la salud comer tanta comida basura regularmente.
'Malo para la salud' is a common expression meaning bad for one's health.
Focus on how 'mala' is used to describe an economic situation.
Listen for 'malo' describing the weather.
Notice 'mal' modifying 'presentimiento'.
Read this aloud:
No fue una mala idea ir al cine a pesar de la lluvia.
Focus: mala
You said:
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Read this aloud:
Es un mal hábito dejar las cosas para el último momento.
Focus: mal hábito
You said:
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Read this aloud:
La calidad de la comida no era mala, pero tampoco excepcional.
Focus: no era mala
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Choose the most appropriate synonym for 'malo' in the context of a 'malentendido'.
In the context of 'malentendido' (misunderstanding), 'malo' refers to something being incorrect or mistaken, making 'incorrecto' the best synonym.
Which option best completes the sentence: 'Las consecuencias de sus acciones fueron ________, afectando a toda la comunidad.'
While 'malas' could fit, 'perjudiciales' (harmful/detrimental) is a more precise and C1-level word to describe severe negative consequences affecting a community.
In a formal context, which word would be a more sophisticated alternative to 'malo' when describing a 'mal estado de ánimo'?
'Sombrío' (gloomy/somber) is a sophisticated and fitting alternative to 'malo' when referring to a 'mal estado de ánimo' (bad mood), implying a deeper, more melancholic state.
The phrase 'estar de mala leche' idiomatically means to be in a bad mood, and can be considered a more colloquial equivalent to 'estar de mal humor'.
'Estar de mala leche' is indeed a common, albeit informal, idiom meaning to be in a bad mood, similar to 'estar de mal humor'.
When describing a food as 'malo', it always implies that it is rotten or spoiled beyond consumption.
While 'malo' can mean rotten, it can also simply mean bad-tasting or of poor quality. For example, 'Este plato está malo' could mean it simply doesn't taste good, not necessarily that it's spoiled.
In the expression 'tener mala suerte', the word 'mala' exclusively refers to morally bad luck, not just unfavorable circumstances.
'Mala suerte' (bad luck) refers to unfavorable circumstances or misfortune in general, not necessarily implying any moral failing. It contrasts with 'buena suerte'.
Describe a challenging situation you've faced recently, using 'malo' or its derivatives at least once to convey its negative impact. Focus on how you overcame it or what you learned.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Recientemente, tuve una mala experiencia con un proyecto de trabajo que se desvió de su curso. El ambiente se puso bastante malo debido a la presión y los desacuerdos. Sin embargo, aprendí a comunicarme de manera más efectiva y a buscar soluciones creativas. Aunque fue un momento malo, me hizo más resiliente.
Write a short paragraph about a fictional character who initially seems 'malo' but reveals hidden complexities. Explore the reasons behind their actions.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
El comisario Robles, a primera vista, era un hombre malo, conocido por sus métodos bruscos y su reputación sombría. La gente lo evitaba, susurraba sobre sus decisiones cuestionables. Pero bajo esa fachada de dureza, se ocultaba una historia personal trágica. Su 'maldad' era, en realidad, un escudo protector, una forma distorsionada de justicia nacida de la pérdida y la desilusión. Sus acciones, aunque moralmente ambiguas, buscaban un bien mayor, aunque de una manera muy particular.
Imagine you are writing a letter of complaint about a 'malo' product or service. Detail the specific issues and suggest how they could be improved.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Estimado Sr./Sra. [Nombre del Gerente], me dirijo a usted para expresar mi profunda insatisfacción con el servicio que recibí la semana pasada. La calidad del producto era francamente mala, con varios defectos evidentes que impiden su correcto funcionamiento. Además, la atención al cliente fue muy mala, con un personal desinteresado y poco dispuesto a ayudar. Sugiero que revisen sus protocolos de control de calidad y que capaciten mejor a su equipo para evitar futuras experiencias tan malas para sus clientes.
¿Qué efecto tuvo la crisis económica global en las naciones en desarrollo?
Read this passage:
La crisis económica global tuvo un efecto profundamente malo en las naciones en desarrollo, exacerbando la pobreza y el desempleo. Los líderes mundiales debatieron intensamente sobre las medidas para mitigar el impacto, pero las soluciones no eran sencillas. La situación se volvió aún más compleja debido a la interconexión de los mercados financieros y la dificultad para predecir las consecuencias a largo plazo de cualquier intervención.
¿Qué efecto tuvo la crisis económica global en las naciones en desarrollo?
El pasaje afirma que la crisis tuvo un 'efecto profundamente malo', lo que se traduce como profundamente negativo.
El pasaje afirma que la crisis tuvo un 'efecto profundamente malo', lo que se traduce como profundamente negativo.
¿Por qué algunos críticos desconfiaban del político, a pesar de su discurso?
Read this passage:
A pesar de sus malas decisiones en el pasado, el político logró recuperar la confianza de una parte del electorado. Su discurso, aunque controvertido, resonó con aquellos que buscaban un cambio radical. Sin embargo, los críticos argumentaban que su historial era demasiado malo para ser ignorado y que su arrepentimiento parecía más una estrategia que un verdadero cambio de corazón.
¿Por qué algunos críticos desconfiaban del político, a pesar de su discurso?
El pasaje indica que 'los críticos argumentaban que su historial era demasiado malo para ser ignorado'.
El pasaje indica que 'los críticos argumentaban que su historial era demasiado malo para ser ignorado'.
¿Cuál era la situación general en el campamento base después de la tormenta?
Read this passage:
El clima en el campamento base se puso muy malo después de la tormenta de nieve. Las provisiones escaseaban y varios miembros del equipo mostraban signos de congelación. La moral estaba baja, y la perspectiva de un rescate parecía lejana. A pesar de la situación tan mala, el líder del equipo mantuvo la calma y organizó a los sobrevivientes para optimizar sus recursos limitados.
¿Cuál era la situación general en el campamento base después de la tormenta?
El pasaje describe un clima 'muy malo', escasez de provisiones, signos de congelación y baja moral, lo que indica una situación desesperada.
El pasaje describe un clima 'muy malo', escasez de provisiones, signos de congelación y baja moral, lo que indica una situación desesperada.
This sentence refers to the very negative or disastrous consequences of a decision for an organization.
This sentence describes how a fiscal policy led to widespread discontent among the population.
This sentence indicates that addressing an economic crisis demands drastic measures and political consensus.
/ 54 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Malo means bad and is a fundamental adjective for expressing negative qualities in Spanish.
- Use 'malo' for bad quality.
- It changes gender and number (mala, malos, malas).
- It shortens to 'mal' before a masculine singular noun.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Phrases
More general words
a causa de
A2For the reason of; owing to.
a condición de que
B2On condition that, provided that, or given that.
a dónde
A1To what place or destination?
a lo mejor
A2Maybe; perhaps.
a menos que
B1Unless.
a no ser que
B2Unless; should it not be that.
a pesar de
B1In spite of; despite.
a_pesar_de
B2In spite of; notwithstanding; despite.
a propósito
B2By the way, on purpose; incidentally; or intentionally.
a raíz de
B2As a result of; following directly from.
