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Persian
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اجماع

B2 noun 10 min read

اجماع

ejma

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips اجماع in 30 Seconds

Explanation اجماع in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'اجماع' is too difficult. Beginners should focus on 'بله' (yes) or 'خوب' (good). However, you can think of it simply as 'everyone says yes'. It is like a big group of people all picking the same color. You won't use this word in a basic conversation, but you might see it in a very simple news headline. Just remember: it means 'all people agree'.

At A2, you are starting to learn words for groups. 'اجماع' is a formal word for agreement. Instead of saying 'همه موافق هستند' (everyone is in agreement), people in news or books use 'اجماع'. It's useful to recognize it when listening to the radio. It comes from 'جمع' (collect/group). Think of it as 'collecting' all the opinions into one single answer. You don't need to use it yet, but recognizing it is a great step.

At the B1 level, you should understand that 'اجماع' is used in formal situations. It is different from 'توافق' (agreement) because it implies that *everyone* or a *large majority* agrees. You might use it when writing a short essay about a school project or a community decision. Example: 'ما به اجماع رسیدیم' (We reached a consensus). It shows you have a more advanced vocabulary than someone who only uses 'قبول کردن' (to accept).

At B2, you are expected to use 'اجماع' correctly in professional and academic contexts. You should know that it is often paired with the preposition 'به' (to) and 'بر سرِ' (on/over). You should be able to discuss 'اجماع ملی' (national consensus) or 'اجماع علمی' (scientific consensus) in a debate. You understand the nuance that this word implies a formal process of deliberation. It is a key word for understanding Iranian political news and legal discussions.

At C1, you master the nuances of 'اجماع'. You can distinguish it from 'اتفاق‌نظر' or 'هم‌رایی'. You understand its historical and religious roots in Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) where it acts as a source of law. You can use it metaphorically in literature or use its negative form 'عدم اجماع' to describe complex social deadlocks. You are comfortable using it in high-level business negotiations to finalize a collective stance.

At the C2 level, 'اجماع' is a tool for precision. You understand the philosophical implications of consensus-building in a society. You can analyze texts where 'اجماع' is used to manufacture consent or where it represents a genuine democratic harmony. You can use the word in legal drafting or high-level academic research. You are aware of its etymological connections to 'جامعه' and 'اجتماع' and can use this knowledge to create sophisticated wordplay or deep rhetorical arguments.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

اجماع in 30 Seconds

Ejma (اجماع) is a formal Persian noun meaning 'consensus' or 'unanimous agreement' among a group.
It is commonly used in politics (national consensus), science (scientific consensus), and Islamic law (consensus of scholars).
It is often paired with the verb 'to reach' (به اجماع رسیدن) and the preposition 'on' (بر سرِ).
While similar to 'agreement' (توافق), it implies a much stronger, collective, and often institutional level of harmony.

The Persian word اجماع (Ejma') is a sophisticated noun primarily used to describe a state of collective agreement or consensus. While in everyday English we might simply say 'everyone agreed,' اجماع carries a weight of formality and totality. It suggests that after deliberation, multiple parties, groups, or individuals have come to a unified conclusion where no significant dissent remains. In the landscape of Persian vocabulary, this word sits comfortably at the B2 level and above, appearing frequently in political discourse, academic writing, legal documents, and high-level news reporting. Understanding this word requires looking beyond a simple 'yes' and seeing the structural harmony of a group. It is derived from the Arabic root 'J-M-A' (ج-م-ع), which relates to gathering or bringing things together. When you use اجماع, you are not just talking about a majority vote; you are talking about a synthesis of opinions into a single, cohesive path forward.

Political Context: In politics, it refers to a 'national consensus' (اجماع ملی) where all factions agree on a core strategy, such as foreign policy or economic reform. It implies that despite differences, a common ground has been solidified.

برای تصویب این قانون، به یک اجماع کلی در مجلس نیاز است.
Translation: To pass this law, a general consensus is needed in the parliament.

Beyond politics, اجماع is a cornerstone of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). It represents the unanimous agreement of Muslim scholars on a specific issue of law, serving as one of the four primary sources of Sharia alongside the Quran, the Sunnah, and reason (Aql). In this specialized context, the word takes on a sacred and authoritative tone. However, in modern Persian, its usage has secularized to cover any situation where a broad spectrum of stakeholders reaches a unified stance. For example, in a corporate setting, a board of directors might reach an اجماع regarding a new merger. The nuance here is that اجماع is often 'reached' (حاصل شدن) or 'built' (ایجاد کردن), emphasizing the process of negotiation that precedes the agreement.

Academic Usage: Scientific consensus is often translated as 'اجماع علمی'. This refers to the collective judgment and position of the community of scientists in a particular field of study.

هنوز هیچ اجماعی درباره علت دقیق این پدیده وجود ندارد.
Translation: There is still no consensus regarding the exact cause of this phenomenon.

When learning this word, pay attention to the verbs it pairs with. One 'reaches' consensus (به اجماع رسیدن), or consensus 'is achieved' (اجماع حاصل شد). You might also hear about 'breaking' a consensus (شکستن اجماع), which suggests that a previously unified group has now split into differing opinions. The word is inherently formal. You wouldn't use it to describe where you and your friends decided to go for pizza; instead, you'd use it to describe how a committee decided on a multi-million dollar budget. It conveys a sense of seriousness and structural validity.

Synonym comparison: Compared to 'هم‌رایی' (Ham-raayi), which literally means 'same-voting' or 'unanimity', 'اجماع' feels more institutional and heavy. 'هم‌رایی' is often used in more abstract or literary contexts, while 'اجماع' is the workhorse of the news and law.

Using اجماع correctly involves understanding its role as a formal noun. It usually functions as the subject or the object of a prepositional phrase. Because it represents a state of being, it is frequently paired with the verb 'to reach' (رسیدن). To say 'The parties reached a consensus,' you would say: احزاب به اجماع رسیدند. Notice the preposition 'به' (to) is essential here. In more passive or descriptive contexts, you might use 'exists' (وجود داشتن) or 'is achieved' (حاصل شدن). For instance, 'Consensus was achieved after hours of talk' becomes پس از ساعت‌ها گفتگو، اجماع حاصل شد.

Common Verb Pairings: به اجماع رسیدن (To reach consensus), ایجاد اجماع (To create consensus), شکستن اجماع (To break consensus), عدم اجماع (Lack of consensus).

متأسفانه در جلسه امروز هیچ اجماعی صورت نگرفت.
Translation: Unfortunately, no consensus took place in today's meeting.

Another important grammatical aspect is its use in compound adjectives or phrases. You might hear the term اجماع‌محور (consensus-oriented), used to describe a decision-making process that prioritizes agreement over majority rule. In academic writing, you will often see it used to qualify the state of knowledge: اجماع جهانی بر این است که... (The global consensus is that...). Here, the word acts as a powerful introductory clause that signals a widely accepted truth. It is also common to see it negated with 'عدم' (lack of), creating عدم اجماع, which is a formal way to say 'disagreement' or 'deadlock'.

Formal Patterns: [Group] + بر سرِ + [Topic] + به اجماع رسیدند. (The group reached a consensus on the topic.)

دانشمندان بر سر تغییرات اقلیمی به اجماع رسیده‌اند.
Translation: Scientists have reached a consensus on climate change.

In Persian, word order can be flexible, but اجماع typically appears near the end of the sentence when it is the result of an action, or at the beginning when it is the topic being introduced. For students, practicing the 'به ... رسیدن' pattern is the most effective way to start using this word naturally. Remember that it is a 'U' sound in the middle—Ej-maa—and the final 'A' is often followed by a glottal stop (the 'ayn' sound), though in modern conversational Persian, that stop might be softened. It is a word that commands respect, so use it when you want to sound professional or when discussing serious matters of state and science.

If you turn on the 9:00 PM news on IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting) or listen to BBC Persian, you will hear اجماع almost daily. It is the favorite word of news anchors when reporting on international summits, such as those held by the UN or OPEC. They might say, 'The members could not reach an اجماع regarding oil production levels.' In this context, the word signifies the diplomatic struggle and the eventual success or failure of negotiations. It is also a staple of editorial columns in newspapers like 'Etela'at' or 'Shargh', where writers analyze whether the government has a 'national consensus' for its policies.

Media Usage: Used to describe the outcome of diplomatic talks, often contrasted with 'veto' or 'unilateralism'.

گزارش‌ها حاکی از آن است که اجماع بین‌المللی علیه این تصمیم در حال شکل‌گیری است.
Translation: Reports indicate that an international consensus against this decision is forming.

You will also encounter this word in the halls of Iranian universities, particularly in departments of Law, Political Science, and Theology. In a Law lecture, a professor might discuss the role of اجماع in the Iranian constitution or in the history of Islamic law. It is treated as a technical term there, referring to the 'unanimity of the jurists' (اجماع فقها). In this setting, the word isn't just a synonym for agreement; it's a specific legal mechanism. If a student is writing a thesis on social trends, they might use 'اجماع نظری' to refer to a theoretical consensus among experts in the field.

Legal Context: In Iranian courts or legal texts, 'اجماع' is cited as a source of legitimacy for certain interpretations of the law.

در این مورد خاص، میان حقوقدانان اجماع نظر وجود دارد.
Translation: In this specific case, there is a consensus of opinion among lawyers.

Finally, in the corporate world of Tehran or Mashhad, during high-level business negotiations or board meetings, اجماع is used to signal that a decision is final and supported by all stakeholders. It moves the conversation from 'debate' to 'action'. If you are listening to a podcast about Iranian history or modern sociology, listen for the phrase 'فقدان اجماع' (lack of consensus), which is often cited as a reason for the failure of various social movements or political reforms throughout the 20th century. It is a word that bridges the gap between the sacred past and the political present.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with اجماع is confusing it with other words derived from the same root (J-M-A). For example, جامعه (Jaame'eh) means 'society', and اجتماع (Ejtemaa') means 'gathering' or 'meeting'. A beginner might say 'We had a consensus today' when they actually meant 'We had a meeting today'. Remember: اجتماع is the physical act of people coming together, while اجماع is the mental and legal act of those people agreeing. You can have an اجتماع without an اجماع—many meetings end without any agreement at all!

Confusing Roots: اجماع (Consensus) vs. اجتماع (Meeting/Gathering) vs. مجموع (Total/Sum).

اشتباه: ما برای اجماع به پارک رفتیم. (Mistake: We went to the park for a consensus.)
درست: ما برای اجتماع به پارک رفتیم. (Correct: We went to the park for a gathering.)

Another mistake is using the wrong preposition. In English, we reach 'a' consensus 'on' something. In Persian, you reach 'to' consensus (به اجماع رسیدن) 'over' something (بر سرِ ...). Using 'در' or 'درباره' isn't necessarily wrong, but 'بر سرِ' is the most idiomatic and formal choice. Furthermore, learners often try to pluralize اجماع as 'اجماع‌ها'. While grammatically possible, it sounds very clunky. Since 'consensus' is usually an uncountable concept in the context of a single decision, it stays singular. If you need to talk about multiple agreements, it is better to say 'توافقات' (agreements).

Preposition Errors: Wrong: اجماع درباره (Consensus about) - though used, it's less formal than 'اجماع بر سرِ'.

اشتباه: آن‌ها اجماع کردند. (Mistake: They 'consensused' - literal translation of 'they agreed'.)
درست: آن‌ها به اجماع رسیدند. (Correct: They reached a consensus.)

Lastly, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'ayn' at the end. Some learners omit it entirely, making it sound like 'Ejmaa', which can sometimes be confused with other sounds in fast speech. While many Iranians soften the final glottal stop, in formal reading (like news or poetry), it should be slightly audible. Also, ensure you don't confuse the spelling with 'اجمال' (Ejmaal), which means 'brevity' or 'summary'. One letter difference—'ayn' vs 'laam'—completely changes the meaning from 'consensus' to 'summary'.

Persian has a rich set of words for agreement, and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context and the level of formality. The most common alternative to اجماع is توافق (Tavafoq). While اجماع implies a collective, unanimous state, توافق is broader; it can be a simple deal between two people, a contract, or a general understanding. If you are signing a lease, it's a توافق. If a whole nation agrees on a constitution, it's an اجماع. Another synonym is تفاهم (Tafaahom), which leans more towards 'mutual understanding' or 'harmony' and is often used in the context of relationships or international 'memorandums of understanding' (تفاهم‌نامه).

Comparison Table

اجماع: Unanimous, formal, institutional consensus.
توافق: General agreement, deal, or contract.
تفاهم: Mutual understanding, emotional or conceptual harmony.
هم‌رایی: Unanimity of votes (literally 'same-voting').

ما به یک تفاهم مشترک رسیدیم، اما هنوز اجماعی حاصل نشده است.
Translation: We reached a mutual understanding, but a consensus has not yet been achieved.

If you want to emphasize that everyone voted the same way, هم‌رایی (Ham-raayi) or اتفاق‌نظر (Ettefaq-e Nazar) are excellent choices. اتفاق‌نظر is very close to اجماع and is often used interchangeably in intellectual discussions. It literally means 'coincidence of opinion'. For example, 'The experts have a consensus of opinion' can be کارشناسان اتفاق‌نظر دارند. In more poetic or literary Persian, you might encounter یک‌دلی (Yek-deli), which means 'one-heartedness'. This isn't used in legal or political texts, but it perfectly describes a group of people who are in deep, emotional agreement.

Antonyms: اختلاف (Difference/Dispute), تفرقه (Division), عدم توافق (Disagreement).

بجای اجماع، شاهد تفرقه در میان اعضا بودیم.
Translation: Instead of consensus, we witnessed division among the members.

Finally, for a very modern, almost slangy way to say people are 'on the same page', younger Iranians might use the English loanword 'اوکی' (Okay) or say 'هماهنگ هستیم' (We are coordinated). However, keep these far away from any situation where اجماع would be appropriate. In summary, اجماع is the 'gold standard' of agreement—it's heavy, formal, and signifies a total lack of opposition, making it the most powerful word in this category.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The same root gives us 'Jom'eh' (Friday), the day of gathering for Muslims, and 'Jaame'eh' (Society).

Pronunciation Guide

UK /edʒ.mɑːʔ/

US /edʒ.mɑː/

The stress is on the second syllable: ej-MAA.

Rhymes With

اوضاع (Ozaa - Situations) انواع (Anvaa - Types) وداع (Vedaa - Farewell) دفاع (Defaa - Defense) ارتفاع (Ertefaa - Height) شعاع (Sho'aa - Radius) نزاع (Nezaa - Conflict) ابداع (Ebdaa - Innovation)

Common Errors

Pronouncing it as 'Ej-ma-eh' (confusing it with 'Ejtema').
Omitting the 'j' sound and saying 'Emaa'.
Mixing it up with 'Ejmaal' (brevity).
Stressing the first syllable.
Making the 'e' sound like a long 'ee'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Common in newspapers but requires understanding of formal structures.

Writing 5/5

Difficult to use correctly with prepositions and in the right register.

Speaking 4/5

Requires clear pronunciation of the final glottal stop.

Listening 3/5

Frequent in news; easy to recognize once learned.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

جمع موافق تصمیم گروه بحث

Learn Next

ائتلاف مذاکره قطعنامه صلاحیت مشروعیت

Advanced

وحدت کلمه اتفاق آرا تفاهم‌نامه منشور میثاق

Grammar to Know

Ezafe Construction

اجماعِ نظر (Consensus of opinion)

Compound Verbs with 'رسیدن'

به اجماع رسیدن

Prepositional Phrases

بر سرِ موضوعی

Abstract Nouns

اجماع as a concept

Formal Negation

عدم اجماع

Examples by Level

همه گفتند بله، این یک اجماع است.

Everyone said yes, this is a consensus.

Simple subject-verb structure.

اجماع یعنی همه موافق هستند.

Consensus means everyone agrees.

Using 'یعنی' to define a word.

در کلاس ما اجماع وجود دارد.

In our class, there is consensus.

Using 'وجود دارد' for existence.

آیا اجماع دارید؟

Do you (plural) have a consensus?

Simple question form.

ما اجماع را دوست داریم.

We like consensus.

Direct object with 'را'.

یک اجماع کوچک صورت گرفت.

A small consensus took place.

Using an adjective 'کوچک' with the noun.

او به اجماع کمک کرد.

He helped the consensus.

Past tense verb.

اجماع خوب است.

Consensus is good.

Basic predicate adjective.

گروه ما به اجماع رسید.

Our group reached a consensus.

Introduction of the 'به ... رسیدن' pattern.

برای این کار به اجماع نیاز داریم.

We need a consensus for this task.

Using 'نیاز داشتن' (to need).

اجماع در خانواده مهم است.

Consensus in the family is important.

Abstract noun as a subject.

آن‌ها هنوز به اجماع نرسیده‌اند.

They haven't reached a consensus yet.

Present perfect negative.

آیا اجماع حاصل شد؟

Was consensus achieved?

Using 'حاصل شدن' as a formal verb.

بدون اجماع، نمی‌توانیم شروع کنیم.

Without consensus, we cannot start.

Using 'بدون' (without).

اجماع نظر در این مورد سخت است.

Consensus of opinion in this case is hard.

Compound noun phrase 'اجماع نظر'.

ما به دنبال اجماع هستیم.

We are looking for consensus.

Continuous present with 'به دنبال ... بودن'.

پس از ساعت‌ها بحث، سرانجام به اجماع رسیدیم.

After hours of discussion, we finally reached a consensus.

Use of 'پس از' and 'سرانجام'.

ایجاد اجماع در میان احزاب سیاسی دشوار است.

Creating consensus among political parties is difficult.

Gerund 'ایجاد' as the subject.

گزارش‌ها نشان‌دهنده یک اجماع کلی است.

The reports indicate a general consensus.

Formal phrase 'نشان‌دهنده ... است'.

باید سعی کنیم اجماع را حفظ کنیم.

We must try to maintain the consensus.

Modal 'باید' with 'سعی کردن'.

عدم اجماع باعث تاخیر در پروژه شد.

Lack of consensus caused a delay in the project.

Negative noun 'عدم اجماع'.

آیا در این زمینه اجماع علمی وجود دارد؟

Is there a scientific consensus in this field?

Adjective 'علمی' modifying the noun.

او برای رسیدن به اجماع تلاش زیادی کرد.

He made a lot of effort to reach a consensus.

Infinitive 'رسیدن' in a prepositional phrase.

اجماع بر سر قیمت جدید حاصل شد.

Consensus on the new price was achieved.

Preposition 'بر سرِ' for the topic of agreement.

دولت در تلاش است تا یک اجماع ملی برای اصلاحات اقتصادی ایجاد کند.

The government is trying to create a national consensus for economic reforms.

Complex sentence with 'در تلاش است تا'.

بدون اجماع نظر میان اعضا، هیچ تصمیمی اتخاذ نخواهد شد.

Without a consensus of opinion among the members, no decision will be made.

Future passive 'اتخاذ نخواهد شد'.

این توافق‌نامه بر پایه اجماع کلی تمامی طرف‌های درگیر است.

This agreement is based on the general consensus of all parties involved.

Phrase 'بر پایه' (based on).

شکستن اجماع می‌تواند پیامدهای وخیمی داشته باشد.

Breaking the consensus can have dire consequences.

Gerund as subject with modal 'می‌تواند'.

اجماع جهانی بر ضرورت کاهش گازهای گلخانه‌ای تأکید دارد.

Global consensus emphasizes the necessity of reducing greenhouse gases.

Verb 'تأکید داشتن بر' (to emphasize).

در فقه اسلامی، اجماع یکی از منابع اصلی استخراج احکام است.

In Islamic jurisprudence, consensus is one of the main sources for deriving rulings.

Technical legal vocabulary.

تحلیل‌گران معتقدند که اجماع شکننده‌ای در حال شکل‌گیری است.

Analysts believe that a fragile consensus is forming.

Adjective 'شکننده' (fragile) modifying consensus.

رسیدن به اجماع در این شرایط بحرانی حیاتی است.

Reaching a consensus in these critical conditions is vital.

Gerund phrase as a subject.

فقدان اجماع راهبردی در سیاست خارجی هزینه‌های سنگینی به کشور تحمیل کرد.

The lack of strategic consensus in foreign policy imposed heavy costs on the country.

Noun 'فقدان' (lack) and complex predicate.

برخی منتقدان بر این باورند که این اجماع، ساختگی و تحمیلی است.

Some critics believe that this consensus is manufactured and imposed.

Formal phrase 'بر این باورند که'.

دستیابی به اجماع حداکثری، پیش‌شرط هرگونه تغییر ساختاری است.

Achieving maximum consensus is a prerequisite for any structural change.

Compound noun 'اجماع حداکثری'.

این پژوهش به بررسی فرآیند شکل‌گیری اجماع در جوامع گذار می‌پردازد.

This research examines the process of consensus formation in transitional societies.

Formal verb 'پرداختن به' (to address/examine).

اجماع نظر فقها در این مسئله، راه را برای تصویب قانون جدید هموار کرد.

The consensus of the jurists on this issue paved the way for the passing of the new law.

Idiomatic expression 'راه را هموار کردن'.

او با مهارت دیپلماتیک خود توانست اجماع از دست رفته را دوباره احیا کند.

With his diplomatic skill, he was able to revive the lost consensus.

Past participle 'از دست رفته' as an adjective.

در غیاب اجماع، قدرت‌های بزرگ به اقدامات یک‌جانبه روی می‌آورند.

In the absence of consensus, great powers resort to unilateral actions.

Phrase 'روی آوردن به' (to resort to).

اجماع تنها زمانی معنا دارد که تمامی صداها شنیده شده باشند.

Consensus only makes sense when all voices have been heard.

Conditional 'زمانی ... که' with passive subjunctive.

پارادایم‌های علمی جدید معمولاً پس از فروپاشی اجماع پیشین ظهور می‌کنند.

New scientific paradigms usually emerge after the collapse of the previous consensus.

High-level academic vocabulary like 'پارادایم' and 'فروپاشی'.

اجماع در ساحت سیاسی نباید به بهای سرکوب تکثرگرایی تمام شود.

Consensus in the political sphere should not come at the cost of suppressing pluralism.

Prepositional phrase 'به بهایِ' (at the cost of).

خوانش‌های متفاوت از مفهوم اجماع، منجر به بن‌بست‌های نظری در فلسفه حقوق شده است.

Different readings of the concept of consensus have led to theoretical deadlocks in the philosophy of law.

Subject 'خوانش‌های متفاوت' with 'منجر شدن به'.

ضرورت تاریخی ایجاب می‌کند که برای برون‌رفت از بحران، به یک اجماع نوین دست یابیم.

Historical necessity dictates that we reach a new consensus to exit the crisis.

Formal verb 'ایجاب کردن' (to dictate/necessitate).

اجماع‌سازی در جوامع به شدت قطبی‌شده، هنری است که سیاستمداران اندکی از آن بهره‌مندند.

Consensus-building in highly polarized societies is an art that few politicians possess.

Compound noun 'اجماع‌سازی' and relative clause.

این فیلسوف معتقد است که اجماع، برآیند دیالوگ عقلانی در گستره عمومی است.

This philosopher believes that consensus is the result of rational dialogue in the public sphere.

Abstract concepts like 'برآیند' and 'گستره عمومی'.

تزلزل در اجماع نخبگان، همواره پیش‌درآمدی بر تحولات بنیادین اجتماعی بوده است.

Instability in the consensus of the elite has always been a prelude to fundamental social transformations.

Word 'پیش‌درآمد' (prelude/intro).

اعتبار اخلاقی این تصمیم منوط به حصول اجماع واقعی میان ذینفعان است.

The moral validity of this decision is contingent upon obtaining a genuine consensus among stakeholders.

Formal adjective 'منوط به' (contingent upon).

Common Collocations

اجماع ملی

اجماع جهانی

به اجماع رسیدن

اجماع نظر

عدم اجماع

اجماع علمی

اجماع فقها

ایجاد اجماع

شکستن اجماع

اجماع حداکثری

Common Phrases

بر سرِ ... به اجماع رسیدن

— To reach a consensus regarding a specific topic.

آن‌ها بر سرِ بودجه به اجماع رسیدند.

اجماع نظر داشتن

— To have a consensus of opinion on a matter.

همه کارشناسان اجماع نظر دارند.

حصول اجماع

— The obtaining or achievement of a consensus.

حصول اجماع در این شرایط سخت است.

اجماع‌سازی کردن

— To engage in the process of building a consensus.

او ماه‌ها برای اجماع‌سازی وقت گذاشت.

در غیاب اجماع

— In the absence of a consensus.

در غیاب اجماع، رای‌گیری انجام شد.

اجماع نانوشته

— An unwritten or tacit consensus.

یک اجماع نانوشته میان ما وجود داشت.

بر پایه اجماع

— Based on a consensus.

تصمیمات بر پایه اجماع اتخاذ می‌شود.

نزدیک شدن به اجماع

— To get closer to reaching a consensus.

طرفین در حال نزدیک شدن به اجماع هستند.

اجماع شکننده

— A fragile or weak consensus.

این یک اجماع شکننده است که زود از بین می‌رود.

اجماع قاطع

— A decisive or strong consensus.

اجماع قاطعی علیه این پیشنهاد وجود دارد.

Often Confused With

اجماع vs اجتماع

Means a gathering or meeting, not necessarily an agreement.

اجماع vs اجمال

Means brevity or summary. Often confused in spelling.

اجماع vs جامعه

Means society. Shared root but different concept.

Idioms & Expressions

"حرف آخر را زدن"

— To have the final say, often resulting in or following a consensus.

پس از اجماع، رئیس حرف آخر را زد.

Informal/Neutral

"یک‌دل و یک‌زبان بودن"

— To be of one heart and one tongue; to be in complete agreement.

ما در این مورد یک‌دل و یک‌زبان هستیم.

Literary

"آب‌شان در یک جوی نمی‌رود"

— Their water doesn't flow in the same stream; they cannot reach a consensus.

آن‌ها هرگز به اجماع نمی‌رسند چون آب‌شان در یک جوی نمی‌رود.

Informal/Idiomatic

"سنگ‌های خود را وا کندن"

— To settle differences and reach a clear understanding or consensus.

بیایید سنگ‌هایمان را وا بکنیم و به اجماع برسیم.

Informal

"روی یک پاشنه چرخیدن"

— To move in one direction (often after a consensus is reached).

همه امور بر سر این اجماع می‌چرخد.

Colloquial

"هم‌سو شدن"

— To become aligned or synchronized in opinion.

نیروهای سیاسی بالاخره هم‌سو شدند.

Formal

"اتمام حجت کردن"

— To give a final ultimatum before or after a consensus process.

او با مخالفان اتمام حجت کرد تا اجماع حاصل شود.

Formal

"راه میانه را گرفتن"

— To take the middle path to reach a consensus.

برای رسیدن به اجماع، باید راه میانه را گرفت.

General

"خشت اول را درست گذاشتن"

— To lay the first brick correctly; to start the consensus process right.

اجماع ملی خشت اول توسعه است.

Proverbial

"فصل‌الخطاب بودن"

— To be the final arbiter or the point that ends all debate (often the consensus itself).

این اجماع فصل‌الخطاب تمام بحث‌هاست.

Very Formal

Easily Confused

اجماع vs اتفاق‌نظر

Both mean consensus.

Ettefaq-e nazar is more about the internal state of opinions, while Ejma is the outcome or institutional state.

ما اتفاق‌نظر داریم که اجماع لازم است.

اجماع vs توافق

Both mean agreement.

Tavafoq is general and can be between just two people. Ejma is collective and formal.

توافق دو نفر به معنای اجماع کل گروه نیست.

اجماع vs تفاهم

Both imply harmony.

Tafaahom is emotional/conceptual understanding. Ejma is a formal decision.

ما تفاهم داریم اما هنوز به اجماع نرسیده‌ایم.

اجماع vs یک‌پارچگی

Both imply unity.

Yek-parchegi means integrity or being whole/one piece. Ejma is the act of agreeing.

اجماع باعث حفظ یک‌پارچگی کشور می‌شود.

اجماع vs هم‌رایی

Both mean unanimity.

Ham-raayi is often used for voting results. Ejma is used for the broader consensus process.

هم‌رایی در مجلس منجر به اجماع ملی شد.

Sentence Patterns

ما به اجماع رسیدیم.

آن‌ها بر سرِ [موضوع] به اجماع رسیدند.

آن‌ها بر سرِ قیمت به اجماع رسیدند.

ایجادِ اجماع در [گروه] ضروری است.

ایجادِ اجماع در مجلس ضروری است.

در غیابِ اجماع، [نتیجه].

در غیابِ اجماع، جنگ شروع شد.

این تصمیم منوط به حصولِ اجماع است.

اجماعِ علمی بر این است که [جمله].

اجماعِ علمی بر این است که زمین گرم می‌شود.

شکستنِ اجماع پیامدهایِ [صفت] دارد.

شکستنِ اجماع پیامدهایِ خطرناکی دارد.

هنوز هیچ اجماعی صورت نگرفته است.

هنور هیچ اجماعی صورت نگرفته است.

Word Family

Nouns

جامعه (Society)

اجتماع (Gathering)

مجموع (Total)

جمیع (All)

تجمع (Assembly)

Verbs

جمع کردن (To collect)

جمع شدن (To gather)

تجمع کردن (To assemble)

Adjectives

جامع (Comprehensive)

جمعی (Collective)

اجتماعی (Social)

جماعت (Congregation)

مجموعه (Collection)

جمهوری (Republic)

اجماع‌ساز (Consensus-builder)

اجماع‌محور (Consensus-oriented)

How to Use It

frequency

High in media and academic writing; Low in daily street slang.

Common Mistakes

Using 'اجماع' for small, personal choices. → Using 'توافق' or 'تصمیم'.
'اجماع' is too formal for deciding what to eat for lunch.
Saying 'آن‌ها اجماع کردند'. → Saying 'آن‌ها به اجماع رسیدند'.
'Ejma' is a noun, not a simple verb. It needs a helper verb like 'رسیدن'.
Spelling it as 'اجمال'. → Spelling it as 'اجماع'.
'اجمال' means brevity/summary; 'اجماع' means consensus. One letter changes everything.
Confusing 'اجماع' with 'اجتماع'. → Using 'اجتماع' for meetings and 'اجماع' for agreement.
A meeting (اجتماع) is where you try to reach a consensus (اجماع).
Pronouncing it 'Ej-ma-yeh'. → Pronouncing it 'Ej-maa'.
Don't add an extra 'yeh' sound at the end unless you are using the Ezafe (اجماعِ ...).

Tips

Root Recognition

Whenever you see the letters J-M-A (ج-م-ع) in Persian, think of 'gathering'. This will help you remember 'Ejma' (gathering opinions into one).

Preposition Power

Always use 'به' (to) with 'رسیدن' when talking about reaching consensus. 'به اجماع رسیدن' is a fixed phrase you should memorize.

Elevate Your Speech

Use 'اجماع' instead of 'توافق' in a job interview or a presentation to sound more professional and well-educated.

News Cues

When you hear 'اجماع بین‌المللی' on the news, it's a signal that the story is about global diplomacy and shared decisions.

Academic Precision

In essays, use 'عدم اجماع' to describe a complex problem that hasn't been solved yet. It sounds much better than 'دعوا' (fight) or 'مشکل' (problem).

The Third Pillar

Remember that for Iranians, 'Ejma' has a religious history. It carries a sense of 'truth' because the community agreed on it.

The Circle Rule

Visualize a circle (Gathering = Ejtema) that turns into a single point (Agreement = Ejma).

Tone Matters

Say 'Ejma' with a serious tone. It is not a light word. Your body language should reflect the importance of the agreement.

Ejma vs. Tavafoq

Think of Tavafoq as a 'deal' and Ejma as a 'consensus'. A deal can be private; a consensus is usually public and group-wide.

Step by Step

Start by recognizing it in headlines, then try using it in written sentences, and finally use it in formal speech.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'EJ' as 'Everyone' and 'MAA' as 'All'. Everyone-Must-Always-Agree. EJ-MAA.

Visual Association

Imagine a group of people standing in a circle, all putting their hands into the center at the same time.

Word Web

Agreement Unanimity Politics Law Harmony Meeting Decision Unity

Challenge

Try to use 'اجماع' in a sentence about your family's next holiday destination.

Word Origin

Derived from the Arabic root J-M-A (ج-م-ع), which is the foundation for words related to gathering, collecting, and bringing together.

Original meaning: The act of gathering or uniting disparate parts into a whole.

Semitic (Arabic root), borrowed into Indo-European (Persian).

Cultural Context

Be careful when using it in religious debates, as its definition can be very specific and technical for clerics.

English speakers often use 'consensus' in business, but in Persian, it feels more 'official' and 'weighty'.

The concept of 'Ejma' in the works of Al-Ghazali. Political speeches by Mohammad Khatami regarding 'Civil Society'. Legal debates in the Iranian Parliament (Majlis).

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Politics

اجماع ملی
احزاب سیاسی
رای‌گیری
ائتلاف

Science

اجماع علمی
نظریه
شواهد
تحقیقات

Law

اجماع فقها
منابع فقه
حکم شرعی
فتوا

Business

هیئت مدیره
سهامداران
تصمیم جمعی
استراتژی

International Relations

سازمان ملل
شورای امنیت
بیانیه مشترک
اجماع بین‌المللی

Conversation Starters

"آیا فکر می‌کنید در مورد تغییرات اقلیمی اجماع جهانی وجود دارد؟"

"چگونه می‌توان در یک خانواده بزرگ به اجماع رسید؟"

"به نظر شما چرا رسیدن به اجماع سیاسی در برخی کشورها سخت است؟"

"آیا اجماع همیشه به معنای بهترین تصمیم است؟"

"آخرین باری که با دوستانتان به اجماع رسیدید کی بود؟"

Journal Prompts

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مجبور شدید برای رسیدن به اجماع، از نظر خود کوتاه بیایید.

اهمیت اجماع ملی در پیشرفت یک کشور را تحلیل کنید.

تفاوت میان اجماع واقعی و اجماع اجباری چیست؟

چگونه تکنولوژی می‌تواند به فرآیند اجماع‌سازی کمک کند؟

نقش اجماع در تاریخ ایران را بررسی کنید.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Rarely. It is mostly reserved for formal settings like news, business meetings, or academic discussions. In daily life, Iranians use 'توافق' (agreement) or 'اوکی' (okay).

The most common way is 'به اجماع رسیدن'. For example: 'ما به اجماع رسیدیم' (We reached a consensus).

'اجماع' (Ejma) means consensus or agreement. 'اجتماع' (Ejtema) means a gathering, meeting, or society. They share the same root but have different meanings.

In very technical legal or theological contexts, you might see 'اجماعات', but in 99% of modern usage, it is used in the singular form.

It means 'National Consensus'. It refers to a situation where all political and social groups in a country agree on a major issue.

Yes, it is an Arabic loanword used in Persian, which is very common for formal and technical terms.

It is one of the four sources of Sharia law, representing the unanimous agreement of religious scholars on a legal ruling.

The most formal opposite is 'عدم اجماع' (lack of consensus) or 'اختلاف' (disagreement/dispute).

In formal speech and reading, yes. It adds a slight glottal stop. In casual speech, it is often softened but the vowel remains long.

Technically yes, it implies unanimity. However, in politics, it is sometimes used to mean a 'vast majority' where no significant opposition exists.