At the A1 level, learners usually stick to simple negation like 'خوب نیست' (It is not good). However, introducing 'نه چندان' (na chandan) early helps them understand that Persian has ways to say 'not very.' At this stage, a student should recognize the phrase in simple sentences about weather or basic feelings. They don't need to master the complex grammar, but knowing that 'نه چندان گرم' means 'not very hot' is very useful for basic daily descriptions. It helps them move beyond 'yes' and 'no' and start expressing degrees of intensity, which is a key step in language development. Focus on seeing it as a single block of meaning that goes before words like 'hot,' 'cold,' 'big,' or 'small.'
For A2 learners, 'نه چندان' becomes a tool for more polite conversation. Instead of saying 'من این غذا را دوست ندارم' (I don't like this food), which can be blunt, an A2 student can say 'این غذا نه چندان خوشمزه است' (This food is not so delicious). This shows an emerging awareness of social nuances in Persian. At this level, students should be able to use the phrase with common adjectives like 'expensive,' 'cheap,' 'far,' and 'near.' They should also start to notice that the verb at the end of the sentence remains positive. Practice involves replacing 'خیلی' in negative sentences with 'نه چندان' in positive ones to maintain the same meaning with more elegance.
At the B1 level (the target level for this word), 'نه چندان' is essential for describing opinions, experiences, and moderately complex situations. B1 learners are expected to handle topics beyond immediate needs, such as discussing a movie, a news article, or a work task. Using 'نه چندان' allows them to provide more accurate summaries. For instance, describing a plot as 'نه چندان پیچیده' (not so complicated) or a person as 'نه چندان صبور' (not so patient). Learners at this stage should be comfortable placing the phrase correctly in most sentences and should begin to distinguish it from more informal alternatives like 'زیاد نه.' It becomes a bridge to academic and professional Persian.
B2 learners use 'نه چندان' with abstract concepts and in professional contexts. They might use it to describe economic trends, political shifts, or scientific results. For example, 'تغییرات نه چندان بزرگ' (not so large changes) or 'تاثیر نه چندان ماندگار' (not so lasting impact). At this level, the learner is expected to understand the rhetorical value of the phrase—how it can be used to downplay a point or to provide a balanced view in an essay. They should also be able to recognize it in classical literature or formal speeches where it might be used for rhythmic or stylistic reasons. The focus here is on precision and using the phrase to create a more sophisticated narrative voice.
C1 learners utilize 'نه چندان' in highly nuanced ways, often in academic writing or high-level diplomacy. They understand the subtle difference between 'نه چندان' and other forms of partial negation like 'کماکان نه' or 'به ندرت.' At this stage, the learner can use the phrase to qualify complex arguments, such as 'شواهدی نه چندان متقاعدکننده' (not so convincing evidence). They are also sensitive to the prosody of the phrase—how it sounds in a sentence and how it affects the flow of a paragraph. C1 speakers can use it to express irony or subtle sarcasm, a common feature of advanced Persian communication.
At the C2 level, 'نه چندان' is part of a vast repertoire of descriptive tools. A C2 speaker uses it with complete mastery, often in creative writing or complex legal and philosophical discourse. They might use it to echo classical Persian structures or to provide a specific rhythmic cadence to a sentence. At this level, the distinction between 'نه چندان' and its counterparts is second nature. They can analyze why a writer chose 'نه چندان' over 'چندان' in a specific poetic context. The phrase is used with effortless precision to navigate the most delicate social and intellectual landscapes, embodying the full depth of Persian expressive capability.

نه چندان in 30 Seconds

  • Means 'not very' or 'not so much.'
  • Used before adjectives to soften negation.
  • Common in polite and formal Persian.
  • The verb at the end of the sentence remains positive.
The Persian phrase نه چندان (na chandan) is a sophisticated and highly versatile adverbial construction used to express moderation, partial negation, or a lack of intensity. In English, it most closely translates to 'not very,' 'not so much,' or 'not particularly.' While a beginner might simply use 'خیلی' (kheyli - very) with a negative verb, the intermediate and advanced Persian speaker employs نه چندان to provide a more nuanced and often more polite or academic tone. It allows the speaker to avoid the harshness of a direct negative statement. For example, instead of saying a meal was 'bad,' saying it was 'not so good' (نه چندان خوب) softens the blow while remaining accurate. This phrase is a cornerstone of the B1 level because it moves the learner away from binary 'yes/no' or 'good/bad' descriptions toward a spectrum of meaning.
Nuance of Degree
Unlike a total negation, this phrase suggests that while a quality exists, it does not reach a high or expected threshold.

فیلمی که دیشب دیدیم نه چندان جالب بود. (The movie we saw last night was not so interesting.)

Grammatical Placement
It almost always precedes the adjective or adverb it is modifying, acting as a quantifier for that specific quality.

او به این موضوع نه چندان اهمیت می‌دهد. (He does not give that much importance to this matter.)

Politeness and Ta'arof
In Iranian culture, directness can sometimes be perceived as rude. Using 'نه چندان' allows a speaker to be critical without being confrontational.

وضعیت اقتصادی نه چندان مناسب است. (The economic situation is not so favorable.)

فاصله ما تا شهر نه چندان دور است. (Our distance to the city is not so far.)

پاسخ او نه چندان روشن بود. (His answer was not so clear.)

Using نه چندان correctly requires an understanding of Persian sentence structure and the role of adverbs. Typically, this phrase functions as an intensifier (or de-intensifier) for adjectives. The standard pattern is [Subject] + [نه چندان] + [Adjective] + [Verb]. Unlike English, where 'not very' might come after a linking verb in some contexts, in Persian, it is tightly bound to the adjective. For instance, in the sentence 'The weather is not very hot,' the Persian equivalent is 'هوا نه چندان گرم است.' Note that the verb 'است' (is) remains positive because the negation is carried by 'نه' within the phrase 'نه چندان.' If you were to negate the verb as well (e.g., نه چندان گرم نیست), it would create a double negative which, while occasionally used for emphasis in some dialects, is generally avoided in standard Persian as it can be confusing.
Modifying Verbs
While most common with adjectives, it can modify the extent of a verb's action. Example: 'من نه چندان با او موافقم' (I don't agree with him that much).

این لباس نه چندان گران است. (This clothing is not so expensive.)

Formal vs. Informal
In very informal slang, speakers might say 'زیاد ... نه'. But 'نه چندان' is the gold standard for balanced, educated speech.

او در کارش نه چندان موفق بود. (He was not so successful in his work.)

صدای موسیقی نه چندان بلند بود. (The sound of the music was not so loud.)

You will encounter نه چندان in a variety of settings, ranging from news broadcasts and academic lectures to polite dinner conversations. In the news, journalists use it to describe diplomatic relations, economic shifts, or weather patterns with professional objectivity. For instance, 'روابط دو کشور نه چندان صمیمی است' (The relations between the two countries are not so intimate). In literature, authors use it to paint a subtle picture of a character's emotions or a setting's atmosphere. If a room is 'نه چندان تاریک' (not so dark), it implies a specific level of twilight that 'کمی تاریک' (a little dark) might not capture. Furthermore, in the workplace, a manager might use it to give constructive feedback. Saying a report is 'نه چندان دقیق' (not so accurate) is a professional way to suggest improvements without being overly harsh. It is also frequently found in Persian translations of Western philosophy and science, where precise degrees of negation are necessary. In daily life, if someone asks how you are feeling after being sick, you might say 'نه چندان خوب' to indicate you are still recovering but not in critical condition.
Media Usage
Used by analysts to describe trends that are visible but not dominant.

استقبال مردم از طرح جدید نه چندان گسترده بود. (The public's reception of the new plan was not so widespread.)

تغییرات اقلیمی در این منطقه نه چندان محسوس است. (Climate changes in this region are not so perceptible.)

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning Persian is the placement of نه چندان. In English, we might say 'It is not very good,' placing 'not' near the verb. In Persian, learners sometimes try to separate 'نه' and 'چندان' or place them after the adjective. Remember, they act as a single unit before the adjective. Another common mistake is the 'Double Negative Trap.' Because 'نه' means 'no/not,' students often feel the need to also make the verb negative (e.g., 'نه چندان خوب نیست'). In standard Persian, the verb should remain positive (e.g., 'نه چندان خوب است') because the phrase itself provides the negation for the adjective. Additionally, learners often confuse 'نه چندان' with 'خیلی نه.' While they mean the same thing, 'خیلی نه' is very colloquial and can sound out of place in a formal essay or a professional presentation. Finally, avoid using 'نه چندان' with adjectives that are already absolute. You wouldn't typically say 'نه چندان مرده' (not so dead) or 'نه چندان حامله' (not so pregnant), just as you wouldn't in English.
The Double Negative Error
Incorrect: غذا نه چندان خوشمزه نیست. Correct: غذا نه چندان خوشمزه است.

اشتباه متداول: او نه چندان باهوش نیست. (Wrong: He is not not so smart.)

درست: کتاب نه چندان طولانی است. (Correct: The book is not so long.)

To truly master Persian, you must understand how نه چندان compares to its synonyms. The most direct alternative is خیلی نه (kheyli na), which is used in casual conversation. If you want to say something is 'a little' or 'somewhat,' you might use نسبتاً (nesbatan - relatively) or کمی (kami - a little). However, these have a positive orientation, whereas 'نه چندان' has a negative orientation. For example, 'نسبتاً خوب' means 'relatively good' (leaning toward positive), while 'نه چندان خوب' means 'not so good' (leaning toward negative). Another similar phrase is آنچنان (anchonan), which often appears in literary contexts to mean 'that much' or 'so.' In negative sentences, 'آنچنان' and 'چندان' are often interchangeable. For example, 'آنچنان جالب نبود' and 'چندان جالب نبود' both mean 'It wasn't that interesting.' The addition of 'نه' specifically before 'چندان' creates a standalone adverbial phrase that is slightly more flexible in sentence placement than 'آنچنان' in some poetic structures.
Comparison: نه چندان vs. کمی
'کمی سرد' (a little cold) implies a small amount of coldness. 'نه چندان گرم' (not so warm) implies it should be warm but isn't quite there.

او نه چندان مایل به همکاری است. (He is not so inclined to cooperate.)

این روش نه چندان کارآمد است. (This method is not so efficient.)

نتیجه امتحان نه چندان رضایت‌بخش بود. (The exam result was not so satisfactory.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The word 'chand' is a cognate with the Latin 'quantus,' which is where we get the English word 'quantity.' So 'na chandan' is etymologically related to 'not much quantity'!

Pronunciation Guide

UK /næ tʃænˈdɒːn/
US /næ tʃænˈdɑːn/
The primary stress is on the second syllable of 'chan-DAN'.
Rhymes With
خندان (khandan) قندان (ghandan) زندان (zendan) میدان (meydan) چندان (chandan) باران (baran) ایران (iran) آسان (asan)
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing 'chandan' as 'chandan' (rhyming with 'pan') instead of the long 'a' sound.
  • Putting too much stress on the 'na'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the components 'na' and 'chandan.'

Writing 4/5

Requires remembering to keep the verb positive at the end.

Speaking 4/5

Requires correct stress on 'dan' and natural flow.

Listening 3/5

Clearly distinguishable in speech due to the 'ch' sound.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

نه (no) چند (how many) خیلی (very) است (is) خوب (good)

Learn Next

نسبتاً (relatively) بسیار (very/highly) تا حدی (to an extent) آنچنان (that much) چندان که (as much as)

Advanced

کماکان (still) مشهود (evident) محسوس (perceptible) مطلوب (desirable) منسجم (coherent)

Grammar to Know

Negation of Adjectives

استفاده از 'نه' قبل از صفت برای نفی ملایم.

Adverb Placement

قیدهای مقدار معمولاً قبل از صفت می‌آیند.

Verb Agreement in Negative Degree

وقتی 'نه چندان' می‌آید، فعل معمولاً مثبت می‌ماند.

Double Negatives in Persian

اجتناب از استفاده همزمان 'نه چندان' و فعل منفی.

Formal vs Informal Negation

تفاوت 'نه چندان' با 'خیلی نه' در نوشتار.

Examples by Level

1

هوا نه چندان سرد است.

The weather is not so cold.

'نه چندان' comes before the adjective 'سرد'.

2

این سیب نه چندان بزرگ است.

This apple is not so big.

Simple subject-adjective-verb structure.

3

کتاب من نه چندان گران است.

My book is not so expensive.

Used to describe the price of an object.

4

او نه چندان خوشحال است.

He is not so happy.

Describes an emotional state.

5

چای نه چندان داغ است.

The tea is not so hot.

Describes temperature.

6

خانه ما نه چندان دور است.

Our house is not so far.

Describes distance.

7

این اتاق نه چندان تاریک است.

This room is not so dark.

Describes lighting conditions.

8

ماشین او نه چندان سریع است.

His car is not so fast.

Describes speed.

1

فیلم نه چندان جالب بود.

The movie was not so interesting.

Past tense verb 'بود' with the phrase.

2

غذا نه چندان شور است.

The food is not so salty.

Nuanced description of taste.

3

او نه چندان با من صمیمی است.

He is not so intimate/close with me.

Describes social distance.

4

درس امروز نه چندان سخت بود.

Today's lesson was not so hard.

Describes difficulty level.

5

صدای او نه چندان بلند است.

His voice is not so loud.

Describes volume.

6

این کفش نه چندان راحت است.

This shoe is not so comfortable.

Describes physical sensation.

7

باغچه نه چندان سبز است.

The garden is not so green.

Describes appearance.

8

هتل نه چندان تمیز بود.

The hotel was not so clean.

Describes quality/cleanliness.

1

او به ورزش نه چندان علاقه دارد.

He does not have that much interest in sports.

Modifying a noun/verb complex 'علاقه دارد'.

2

پاسخ استاد نه چندان روشن بود.

The professor's answer was not so clear.

Used in an academic/formal context.

3

این محله نه چندان امن است.

This neighborhood is not so safe.

Describes a social condition.

4

او نه چندان در کارش موفق بود.

He was not so successful in his work.

Describes career achievement.

5

رنگ دیوار نه چندان زیباست.

The color of the wall is not so beautiful.

Describes aesthetic quality.

6

سفر ما نه چندان طولانی بود.

Our trip was not so long.

Describes duration.

7

او نه چندان مایل به صحبت بود.

He was not so inclined to talk.

Describes willingness.

8

هزینه سفر نه چندان زیاد شد.

The cost of the trip did not become that much.

Describes financial quantity.

1

تاثیر این دارو نه چندان فوری است.

The effect of this medicine is not so immediate.

Describes temporal quality.

2

استدلال شما نه چندان قانع‌کننده بود.

Your argument was not so convincing.

Used in formal logic/debate.

3

وضعیت بازار نه چندان پایدار است.

The market situation is not so stable.

Describes economic state.

4

او نه چندان از نتیجه راضی بود.

He was not so satisfied with the result.

Describes complex satisfaction.

5

پیشرفت پروژه نه چندان محسوس است.

The progress of the project is not so perceptible.

Advanced adjective 'محسوس'.

6

این نویسنده نه چندان شناخته‌شده است.

This author is not so well-known.

Compound adjective usage.

7

تغییرات نه چندان گسترده‌ای در قانون ایجاد شد.

Not so widespread changes were made in the law.

Used as an attributive adjective phrase.

8

او نه چندان با دقت به حرف‌هایم گوش داد.

He listened to my words with not so much care.

Modifying an adverbial phrase 'با دقت'.

1

این نظریه نه چندان جامع به نظر می‌رسد.

This theory does not seem so comprehensive.

Academic critique.

2

روابط دیپلماتیک نه چندان صمیمی دنبال می‌شود.

Diplomatic relations are being pursued not so intimately.

Formal political register.

3

او با لحنی نه چندان دوستانه پاسخ داد.

He replied with a not so friendly tone.

Describes subtle social cues.

4

شواهد نه چندان متقاعدکننده‌ای ارائه شد.

Not so convincing evidence was presented.

Legal/Scientific register.

5

این رویکرد نه چندان کارآمد ارزیابی شده است.

This approach has been evaluated as not so efficient.

Passive construction.

6

او نه چندان از پیشینه موضوع آگاه بود.

He was not so aware of the background of the subject.

Describes depth of knowledge.

7

تاثیرات نه چندان مطلوب این سیاست بر جامعه...

The not so desirable effects of this policy on society...

Used in socio-political analysis.

8

او نه چندان مایل به پذیرش مسئولیت بود.

He was not so inclined to accept responsibility.

Nuanced psychological description.

1

ساختار نه چندان منسجم این اثر ادبی...

The not so coherent structure of this literary work...

High-level literary criticism.

2

او با ظرافتی نه چندان مشهود، انتقاد کرد.

He criticized with a not so evident subtlety.

Describing complex social behavior.

3

پیامدهای نه چندان ناچیز این تصمیم...

The not so negligible consequences of this decision...

Using litotes (understatement) for emphasis.

4

تبیین نه چندان دقیق پدیده‌های فیزیکی...

The not so precise explanation of physical phenomena...

Scientific discourse.

5

او در فضایی نه چندان مساعد رشد کرد.

He grew up in a not so favorable environment.

Metaphorical usage.

6

این ادعا نه چندان با واقعیت همخوانی دارد.

This claim does not correspond so much with reality.

Formal verification of facts.

7

او با رویکردی نه چندان متعارف عمل کرد.

He acted with a not so conventional approach.

Describing deviation from norms.

8

تاثیر نه چندان ماندگار هنر مدرن بر...

The not so lasting impact of modern art on...

Historical/Artistic analysis.

Common Collocations

نه چندان دور
نه چندان خوب
نه چندان جالب
نه چندان زیاد
نه چندان روشن
نه چندان موفق
نه چندان صمیمی
نه چندان گران
نه چندان سخت
نه چندان طولانی

Common Phrases

نه چندان دور، نه چندان نزدیک

— Neither too far nor too close; just right.

محل کارم نه چندان دور و نه چندان نزدیک است.

به مقدار نه چندان زیاد

— In a quantity that is not very large.

نمک را به مقدار نه چندان زیاد اضافه کنید.

در زمانی نه چندان دور

— In the not-so-distant future (or past).

در زمانی نه چندان دور، این شهر کوچک بود.

با دقتی نه چندان زیاد

— With not very much attention/care.

او با دقتی نه چندان زیاد کتاب را خواند.

پاسخی نه چندان قاطع

— A not very decisive answer.

او پاسخی نه چندان قاطع به من داد.

تلاشی نه چندان جدی

— A not so serious effort.

او تلاشی نه چندان جدی برای برد کرد.

تاثیری نه چندان ماندگار

— A not so lasting effect.

این دارو تاثیری نه چندان ماندگار دارد.

رابطه‌ای نه چندان گرم

— A not so warm (friendly) relationship.

آنها رابطه‌ای نه چندان گرم با هم دارند.

فرصتی نه چندان مناسب

— A not so suitable opportunity.

این فرصتی نه چندان مناسب برای خرید است.

صدایی نه چندان رسا

— A voice that is not very clear or loud.

او با صدایی نه چندان رسا صحبت کرد.

Often Confused With

نه چندان vs چندان

'Chandan' means 'so much' and is used in negative sentences with a negative verb, whereas 'na c

Idioms & Expressions

"نه چندان دل‌چسب"

— Not very pleasant or appealing.

هوای امروز نه چندان دل‌چسب است.

neutral
"نه چندان به مذاق کسی خوش آمدن"

— To not be particularly to someone's taste.

این پیشنهاد نه چندان به مذاق او خوش آمد.

formal
"نه چندان دندان‌گیر"

— Not very substantial or worthwhile (literally: not much to bite).

جایزه مسابقه نه چندان دندان‌گیر بود.

informal
"نه چندان مالی"

— Not very good (slang; literally 'not much property').

دستپختش نه چندان مالی است.

slang
"نه چندان چنگی به دل زدن"

— To not be very impressive or captivating.

این موسیقی نه چندان چنگی به دل می‌زند.

informal
"نه چندان آش دهن‌سوز"

— Not something very special or amazing.

این شغل جدید نه چندان آش دهن‌سوزی است.

informal
"نه چندان تافته جدا بافته"

— Not so different or special compared to others.

او نه چندان تافته جدا بافته‌ای است.

informal
"نه چندان راه به جایی بردن"

— To not lead anywhere significant; not very effective.

این نقشه‌ها نه چندان راه به جایی برد.

formal
"نه چندان در قید و بند"

— Not very concerned with rules or attachments.

او نه چندان در قید و بند مادیات است.

formal
"نه چندان دست‌ و پاگیر"

— Not very cumbersome or hindering.

این قوانین نه چندان دست و پاگیر هستند.

neutral

Sentence Patterns

A1

[Subject] نه چندان [Adjective] است.

هوا نه چندان گرم است.

A2

[Subject] نه چندان [Adjective] بود.

غذا نه چندان شور بود.

B1

[Subject] به [Noun] نه چندان علاقه دارد.

او به فیلم نه چندان علاقه دارد.

B1

[Subject] نه چندان [Adverb] کار می‌کند.

او نه چندان سریع کار می‌کند.

B2

با وجود [Noun]، نتیجه نه چندان [Adjective] بود.

با وجود تلاش، نتیجه نه چندان خوب بود.

B2

این [Noun] نه چندان [Compound Adjective] است.

این نویسنده نه چندان شناخته‌شده است.

C1

[Concept] نه چندان [Advanced Adjective] به نظر می‌رسد.

این نظریه نه چندان جامع به نظر می‌رسد.

C2

[Abstract Subject] با ظرافتی نه چندان [Adjective]...

او با ظرافتی نه چندان مشهود انتقاد کرد.

Word Family

Nouns

چندی (chandi - a while)
چند و چون (chand-o-chon - the ins and outs)

Verbs

چند برابر کردن (chand barabar kardan - to multiply)

Adjectives

چندین (chandin - several)
چندم (chandom - which one in a series)

Related

چقدر (cheghadr)
کمی (kami)
بسیار (besyar)
اندکی (andaki)
قدری (ghadri)

How to Use It

frequency

High in written and educated spoken Persian.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Na' as 'No' and 'Chandan' as 'Champion.' If someone is 'Na Chandan,' they are 'No Champion'—they aren't the best or 'very' much of something.

Visual Association

Imagine a thermometer that is only 1/3rd full. It's 'na chandan garm' (not so hot).

Word Web

Quantity Negation Politeness Degree Adverb Persian Nuance Moderation

Challenge

Try to describe three things in your room right now using 'نه چندان.' For example: 'میز من نه چندان بزرگ است.'

Word Origin

Derived from Middle Persian (Pahlavi). 'Na' is the ancient Indo-European negation. 'Chandan' comes from 'chand' (how much) + the suffix '-an' denoting extent.

Original meaning: Not of that extent / Not that much.

Indo-European (Iranian branch).

Cultural Context

None. It is a very safe and polite phrase to use in all social circles.

In English, 'not very' is used similarly, but Persian speakers use 'نه چندان' more frequently in formal writing than English speakers use 'not very.'

Used frequently in the 'Golestan' of Saadi to describe the moderate nature of things. Commonly heard in modern Iranian cinema to depict realistic, non-dramatic dialogue.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Weather

  • هوا نه چندان گرم است.
  • بارندگی نه چندان زیاد بود.
  • آسمان نه چندان صاف است.
  • باد نه چندان شدیدی می‌وزد.

Shopping

  • قیمت نه چندان ارزان.
  • کیفیت نه چندان بالا.
  • تخفیف نه چندان زیاد.
  • جنس نه چندان مرغوب.

Education

  • نمره نه چندان خوب.
  • امتحان نه چندان دشوار.
  • توضیح نه چندان واضح.
  • مطالعه نه چندان عمیق.

Socializing

  • مهمانی نه چندان شلوغ.
  • دوست نه چندان صمیمی.
  • صحبت نه چندان طولانی.
  • رفتار نه چندان محترمانه.

Health

  • حال نه چندان مساعد.
  • درد نه چندان شدید.
  • بهبودی نه چندان سریع.
  • اشتهای نه چندان زیاد.

Conversation Starters

"نظرت درباره فیلم جدید چیست؟ نه چندان جالب بود؟"

"آیا امروز هوا نه چندان سرد است؟"

"به نظرت این رستوران نه چندان گران نیست؟"

"چرا او نه چندان خوشحال به نظر می‌رسد؟"

"آیا این کتاب نه چندان طولانی است؟"

Journal Prompts

امروز چه کاری انجام دادی که نه چندان سخت بود؟

یک تجربه را بنویس که نه چندان عالی بود اما بد هم نبود.

درباره دوستی بنویس که با او نه چندان صمیمی هستی.

توصیف یک مکان که نه چندان دور از خانه شماست.

یک تصمیم که نه چندان ساده بود را شرح بده.

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