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B1 adjective 7 min read

پر آب

por ab

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips پر آب in 30 Seconds

Explanation پر آب in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'por' means 'full' and 'āb' means 'water'. When you put them together, 'por āb' means 'full of water'. You can use it to talk about simple things like a glass of water or a fruit. For example, 'In sib por āb ast' (This apple is juicy). It is a very useful word because it combines two basic words you already know. Just remember that it describes things that have a lot of liquid inside them. You might use it when you are hungry and looking for a good fruit at the market, or when you are thirsty and want a big glass of water. It is a positive word.

At the A2 level, you can start using 'por āb' to describe nature and places. You might say 'Rudkhāne por āb ast' to describe a river you see on a trip. You should also learn that the opposite is 'kam āb' (low water). At this level, you should practice using the Ezafe to connect 'por āb' to nouns. For example, 'man yek livān-e por āb mikhāham' (I want a full glass of water). You will hear this word often in weather reports or when people talk about the environment in Iran. It’s important for describing the difference between the green North of Iran and the dry central parts.

At the B1 intermediate level, you should understand the nuance between 'por āb' and its synonyms like 'āb-dār'. While 'por āb' is quite literal, 'āb-dār' is more common for food. You can use 'por āb' in more complex sentences involving conditions, like 'Agar bārān bebārad, chāh por āb mishavad' (If it rains, the well will become full of water). You should also be comfortable using it in environmental contexts, such as discussing water management or the health of a lake. This word is essential for B1 learners because it allows you to describe the state of resources which is a common topic in intermediate Persian conversations.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'por āb' in more formal and descriptive ways. You might use it to describe the 'discharge' of a river in a technical sense or use it metaphorically in a presentation about Persian culture and the importance of water. You should also be aware of related idiomatic expressions like 'por-āb-o-tāb', which means something is described with a lot of detail or 'fanfare', even though it uses the word 'water' figuratively. You should be able to distinguish between 'por āb' (full of water) and 'sirāb' (hydrated/satiated) in complex writing about agriculture or biology.

At the C1 level, you should appreciate the poetic and literary uses of 'por āb'. In classical Persian poetry, water often symbolizes life, purity, or the spirit. A 'por āb' spring might be a metaphor for a source of wisdom or a generous heart. You should be able to use the word in academic essays about Iranian geography or history, perhaps discussing how 'por āb' regions historically became centers of civilization. You should also be able to recognize when 'por āb' is used with irony or in sophisticated political discourse regarding water rights and environmental crises, where the term takes on a heavy socio-political weight.

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'por āb'. You understand its subtle connotations in various dialects and historical texts. You can use it to discuss the hydro-politics of the Middle East with precision, or analyze its use in the works of Rumi or Hafez, where 'eyes full of water' (tears) represent the lover's longing. You can effortlessly switch between the literal meaning in a scientific report and the evocative, metaphorical meaning in a creative piece. You understand that 'por āb' is not just a description of volume, but a word steeped in the millennial-old Iranian relationship with its most precious resource.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

پر آب in 30 Seconds

Literal: Full of water (rivers, wells).
Culinary: Juicy (fruits, vegetables).
Poetic: Tearful (eyes).
Opposite: Kam-āb (low water).

The Persian adjective پر آب (pronounced 'por āb') is a compound word formed from por (meaning 'full' or 'much') and āb (meaning 'water'). At its core, it describes something that contains an abundance of water. This is a versatile term used across various domains, from geography and meteorology to culinary arts and literature. When you describe a river as por āb, you are highlighting its strength and vitality, suggesting it is flowing heavily and is not at risk of drying up. In a country like Iran, where water is a precious and historically scarce resource, calling a source por āb carries a connotation of prosperity, health, and life-sustaining power.

Literal Application: Used for rivers, lakes, wells, and springs that have high water volume.
Culinary Context: Used to describe succulent fruits like oranges, watermelons, or pomegranates that are particularly juicy.
Emotional State: Occasionally used to describe eyes that are welling up with tears, though this is more frequent in poetic registers.

این رودخانه در فصل بهار بسیار پر آب است. (This river is very full of water in the spring season.)

Beyond the physical, the term can symbolize abundance. For instance, a 'por āb' well isn't just a hole in the ground; it's a source of wealth for a farmer. Understanding this word requires recognizing the cultural value of water in the Iranian plateau. Historically, the management of 'por āb' sources through 'Qanats' (underground channels) was the backbone of Persian civilization. Therefore, when a native speaker says a fruit is 'por āb', they aren't just saying it's wet; they are praising its quality and freshness. It is a highly positive attribute in almost every context it is applied to.

Using پر آب correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun. When you want to say 'a juicy orange,' you would say porteqāl-e por āb. The 'e' at the end of porteqāl is the Ezafe, linking the noun to its quality. However, if you are using it as a predicate (e.g., 'The orange is juicy'), you would say porteqāl por āb ast. Note that in this structure, the Ezafe is absent.

من به دنبال میوه‌های پر آب برای گرفتن آب‌میوه هستم. (I am looking for juicy fruits to make juice.)

Comparison: Compared to 'āb-dār' (juicy), 'por āb' is slightly more literal regarding the volume of water, whereas 'āb-dār' is more common for food textures.
Intensifiers: You can use 'kheyli' (very) or 'besyār' (extremely) before 'por āb' to emphasize the abundance.

In environmental discussions, you might hear the phrase manāteq-e por āb (water-rich regions). This is often contrasted with manāteq-e kam-āb (water-scarce regions). If you are describing a person's eyes, saying cheshm-hā-ye por āb suggests they are about to cry. This is a softer, more descriptive way of expressing sadness than simply saying someone is crying. In technical contexts, such as civil engineering, por āb describes the 'discharge' or 'flow' of a canal or pipe. It is essential to match the formality of the sentence; while 'por āb' is neutral and fits everywhere, in very formal writing, you might see 'por-āb-o-tāb' (though that is an idiom meaning 'with great fanfare').

You will encounter پر آب in a variety of real-world scenarios. If you are watching the news in Iran, especially during the spring (Nowruz) season, reporters often visit famous rivers like the Zayandeh Rud or Karun. They will excitedly report that the river is por āb due to melting snow or heavy rainfall. This is always a cause for public celebration. In a grocery store (miveh-forushi), a vendor might shout about his 'por āb' lemons or watermelons to attract customers, implying they are fresh and worth the price.

اخبار گفت که امسال سدها پر آب هستند. (The news said that the dams are full of water this year.)

In literature and poetry, 'por āb' takes on a more metaphorical tone. A poet might describe a cloud as 'por āb' to signify its readiness to give life to the thirsty earth. In everyday conversation, if someone is describing a trip to the northern provinces of Iran (like Gilan or Mazandaran), they will inevitably mention how por āb and green the region is compared to the central desert areas. You might also hear it in health contexts; a doctor might advise a patient to eat 'por āb' fruits to stay hydrated during a fever or the hot summer months. It is a word that bridges the gap between scientific description and everyday sensory experience.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing پر آب with ābi. While ābi means the color 'blue,' por āb refers to the quantity of water. For example, 'daryā-ye ābi' is a blue sea, but 'daryā-ye por āb' describes a sea with a high water level (though usually, we use 'por āb' for rivers or wells rather than the ocean). Another mistake is using 'por āb' when you actually mean 'khis' (wet). If you spill water on your shirt, the shirt is khis, not por āb. 'Por āb' implies a container or source that holds water, not an object that has been dampened.

Mistake: Por āb vs. Āb-dār: While often interchangeable for fruit, 'āb-dār' is more common for cooked meat (juicy steak) where 'por āb' would sound strange.
Mistake: Por āb vs. Marṭūb: 'Marṭūb' means humid or moist (like the air or soil). 'Por āb' is for bulk water volume.

Incorrect: لباسم پر آب شد. (My clothes became full of water - sounds like they are a bucket). Correct: لباسم خیس شد.

Learners also sometimes forget the Ezafe. Saying 'rudkhāne por āb' without the 'ye' or 'e' connector sounds broken. Always remember: rudkhāne-ye por āb. Lastly, be careful with the word sirāb. While sirāb also relates to water, it means 'satiated' or 'fully hydrated' and is usually used for plants or people who have had enough to drink, rather than the water source itself.

If you want to expand your vocabulary beyond پر آب, there are several nuances to explore. The most common synonym is āb-dār. While 'por āb' is literal (full of water), 'āb-dār' is often used more figuratively or for food. A 'juicy story' in Persian can be called an 'āb-dār' joke or story, whereas you wouldn't use 'por āb' there. Another alternative is ravān (flowing), specifically for rivers. If a river is 'por āb', it is usually 'ravān' as well.

Synonym: Āb-dār (آب‌دار): Used for fruit, meat, and figuratively for stories or insults ('fosh-e āb-dār').
Synonym: Khorūshān (خروشان): Meaning 'roaring' or 'turbulent', used for very full, fast-moving rivers.
Antonym: Kam-āb (کم‌آب): The direct opposite, meaning water-scarce or low on water.

این هندوانه خیلی آب‌دار و شیرین است. (This watermelon is very juicy and sweet.)

In more formal or literary contexts, you might find zakhkhār (overflowing/vast), often used for the sea or a vast amount of knowledge. For soil, instead of 'por āb', you would use namnāk (moist) or gil-ālūd (muddy). If you are describing a person's eyes, ashk-bār (tear-shedding) is a more poetic and powerful alternative to 'por āb'. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to sound scientific, casual, or poetic.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The word 'āb' is one of the most stable words in Indo-European languages, related to the Sanskrit 'ap' and Latin 'aqua'.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /pɔːr ɑːb/

US /pɔːr ɑːb/

The stress is typically on the second syllable 'āb' in the compound.

Rhymes With

nāb (pure) khāb (sleep) tāb (swing) shāb (youth) kāb (dice) āsyāb (mill) ghāb (frame) shatāb (haste)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'por' like 'pour' (too long).
Pronouncing 'āb' like 'ab' in 'apple' (should be deep 'ah').
Merging the two words into 'porāb' without a slight pause.
Forgetting the Ezafe when linking to a noun.
Confusing the spelling with 'pur' (old spelling).

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

Easy to recognize as it combines two basic words.

Writing 3/5

Requires correct spelling of 'āb' with the 'ā' (alef-ba-kolāh).

Speaking 2/5

Simple pronunciation, but remember the Ezafe.

Listening 2/5

Clear sounds, easily distinguishable in context.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

آب (water) پر (full) رودخانه (river) میوه (fruit) است (is)

Learn Next

آب‌دار (juicy) سیراب (satiated) خشکسالی (drought) بارندگی (rainfall) جاری (flowing)

Advanced

هیدرولوژی (hydrology) تغییر اقلیم (climate change) حق‌آبه (water right) آبخیزداری (watershed management) قنات (qanat)

Grammar to Know

Ezafe Construction

رودخانه (noun) + -e + پر آب (adjective) = رودخانه پر آب

Compound Adjective Formation

Prefix 'por' (full) + Noun 'āb' (water) = Adjective 'por āb'

Predicate Adjectives

این چاه پر آب است. (No Ezafe used when adjective follows the verb 'to be')

Comparative Adjectives

این رودخانه پر آب‌تر از آن یکی است. (Adding '-tar')

Superlative Adjectives

این پر آب‌ترین میوه زمستان است. (Adding '-tarin')

Examples by Level

این لیوان پر آب است.

This glass is full of water.

Simple subject + adjective + verb 'to be'.

سیب پر آب و شیرین است.

The apple is juicy and sweet.

Two adjectives connected by 'o' (and).

آن چاه پر آب است؟

Is 그 well full of water?

Question form of a simple sentence.

هندوانه پر آب می‌خواهم.

I want a juicy watermelon.

Noun + Ezafe (implied) + adjective as an object.

آب پر است.

The water is full (meaning the container).

Shortened common speech.

این پرتقال پر آب نیست.

This orange is not juicy.

Negative form using 'nist'.

گل‌ها آب پر می‌خواهند.

The flowers want lots of water.

Slightly informal way to say 'full of water'.

دریا پر آب است.

The sea is full of water.

Basic descriptive sentence.

رودخانه‌های شمال خیلی پر آب هستند.

The rivers of the north are very full of water.

Plural subject with plural verb.

در بهار، کوه‌ها پر آب می‌شوند.

In spring, the mountains become full of water (from snow).

Use of 'shodan' (to become).

ما به یک چشمه پر آب رسیدیم.

We reached a water-rich spring.

Noun + Ezafe + Adjective.

امسال باران زیاد بود و سد پر آب شد.

This year there was much rain and the dam became full.

Compound sentence with 'va' (and).

آیا این میوه پر آب است یا خشک؟

Is this fruit juicy or dry?

Alternative question using 'yā' (or).

باغبان درختان را پر آب کرد.

The gardener watered the trees heavily.

Transitive use with 'kardan'.

چشم‌های کودک پر آب شد.

The child's eyes filled with tears.

Metaphorical use for tears.

این منطقه به خاطر رودخانه پر آبش معروف است.

This region is famous for its water-rich river.

Possessive suffix '-ash' attached to the adjective.

کشاورزان به دنبال زمین‌های پر آب برای کاشت برنج هستند.

Farmers are looking for water-rich lands to plant rice.

Prepositional phrase 'be donbāl-e'.

اگر سد پر آب بماند، تابستان مشکلی نخواهیم داشت.

If the dam remains full, we won't have a problem in summer.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

این لیمو به نظر خیلی پر آب می‌رسد.

This lemon seems very juicy.

Verb 'be nazar residan' (to seem).

در گذشته، ایران رودخانه‌های پر آب‌تری داشت.

In the past, Iran had fuller rivers.

Comparative adjective 'por āb-tar'.

او با چشمانی پر آب به من نگاه کرد.

He looked at me with watery eyes.

Adverbial phrase with 'bā'.

برای پختن این غذا، به گوجه‌فرنگی‌های پر آب نیاز داریم.

To cook this food, we need juicy tomatoes.

Purpose clause with 'barāye'.

سطح آب زیرزمینی در این دشت بسیار پر آب است.

The groundwater level in this plain is very high (water-rich).

Technical/Environmental context.

حیوانات در جستجوی تالاب‌های پر آب هستند.

Animals are in search of water-rich wetlands.

Complex noun phrase.

مدیریت منابع پر آب نیازمند برنامه‌ریزی دقیق است.

Managing water-rich resources requires careful planning.

Gerund phrase as a subject.

علیرغم خشکسالی، برخی مناطق همچنان پر آب باقی مانده‌اند.

Despite the drought, some areas have remained water-rich.

Use of 'alireghm-e' (despite).

این نویسنده داستان را با جزئیات پر آب و تابی تعریف کرد.

This author told the story with great fanfare and detail.

Idiomatic use of 'por-āb-o-tāb'.

بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که این قنات هنوز پر آب است.

Surveys show that this qanat is still full of water.

Reported speech structure.

بافت این هلو بسیار پر آب و لطیف است.

The texture of this peach is very juicy and delicate.

Descriptive noun phrase 'bāft-e...'

تغییرات اقلیمی باعث شده رودخانه‌های پر آب، کم‌عمق شوند.

Climate change has caused full rivers to become shallow.

Causative structure 'bā'es shodan'.

او با لحنی پر آب و تاب از موفقیت‌هایش سخن گفت.

He spoke of his successes in a boastful/detailed tone.

Idiomatic adjective modifying 'lahn' (tone).

در این فصل، چشمه‌های کوهستانی در پر آب‌ترین حالت خود هستند.

In this season, mountain springs are in their fullest state.

Superlative adjective 'por āb-tarin'.

اکوسیستم‌های پر آب نقش حیاتی در حفظ تنوع زیستی دارند.

Water-rich ecosystems play a vital role in preserving biodiversity.

Academic register.

اشعار حافظ مملو از استعاره‌های پر آب و تاب است.

Hafez's poems are full of elaborate and rich metaphors.

Literary analysis context.

بحران آب باعث شده تا مفهوم 'منطقه پر آب' تغییر کند.

The water crisis has caused the concept of a 'water-rich region' to change.

Subjunctive mood in the result clause.

چشمان پر آب او نشان از غمی عمیق و نهفته داشت.

Her tearful eyes indicated a deep and hidden sorrow.

Poetic subject-verb agreement.

سرمایه‌گذاری در صنایع پر آب در مناطق خشک اشتباه است.

Investing in water-intensive industries in arid regions is a mistake.

Industry-specific usage (water-intensive).

رودخانه کارون زمانی یکی از پر آب‌ترین شریان‌های خاورمیانه بود.

The Karun River was once one of the most water-rich arteries of the Middle East.

Historical/Geopolitical context.

در متون کهن، از بهشت به عنوان سرزمینی پر آب و درخت یاد شده است.

In ancient texts, Paradise is mentioned as a land full of water and trees.

Passive voice 'yād shode ast'.

این میوه به دلیل پر آب بودن، ماندگاری کمی دارد.

This fruit has a short shelf life due to being very juicy.

Gerundive 'budan' used as a reason.

دیالکتیک میان خشکی و سرزمین‌های پر آب، تاریخ سیاسی ایران را شکل داده است.

The dialectic between aridity and water-rich lands has shaped Iran's political history.

High-level philosophical/historical register.

تقلیل منابع پر آب زیرزمینی، فاجعه‌ای زیست‌محیطی را رقم زده است.

The depletion of water-rich groundwater resources has marked an environmental catastrophe.

Advanced vocabulary (taghlil, ragham zadan).

توصیفات پر آب و تاب سفرنامه از هند، خواننده را به وجد می‌آورد.

The travelogue's elaborate descriptions of India thrill the reader.

Nuanced use of the idiom in literary criticism.

مظاهر طبیعت پر آب در نگارگری ایرانی، نمادی از حیات جاودان است.

Manifestations of water-rich nature in Persian miniature are symbols of eternal life.

Art history terminology.

او با دیدگانی پر آب، آخرین وداع خود را با میهن انجام داد.

With tearful eyes, he made his final farewell to the homeland.

Formal/Literary synonym for 'eyes'.

پروژه‌های انتقال آب از مناطق پر آب به فلات مرکزی، مناقشه‌برانگیز است.

Water transfer projects from water-rich regions to the central plateau are controversial.

Political/Technical discourse.

غنای زبانی او در استفاده از واژگان پر آب و تاب، بی‌نظیر است.

His linguistic richness in using elaborate vocabulary is unparalleled.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

در اساطیر، ایزدبانو آناهیتا نگاهبان چشمه‌های پر آب و زاینده است.

In mythology, the goddess Anahita is the guardian of water-rich and generative springs.

Mythological/Historical context.

Common Collocations

رودخانه پر آب

میوه پر آب

چشم‌های پر آب

چاه پر آب

فصل پر آب

منطقه پر آب

سد پر آب

منبع پر آب

درختان پر آب

آسمان پر آب

Common Phrases

سال پر آب

— A year with high rainfall and water abundance.

امیدوارم امسال سال پر آبی باشد.

زمین پر آب

— Soil or land that is saturated or has many water sources.

این زمین برای کشت برنج پر آب است.

گلوی پر آب

— A rare poetic way to describe a throat full of tears/choking up.

با گلویی پر آب سخن گفت.

دست پر آب

— Informal: having a 'wet hand' (rare, usually means having just washed).

با دست پر آب به نان دست نزن.

چشمه پر آب

— A spring with a high flow rate.

کنار آن چشمه پر آب استراحت کردیم.

آب‌میوه پر آب

— Redundant but used to mean 'pure/watery juice'.

این آب‌میوه خیلی پر آب است.

دشت پر آب

— A plain with many rivers or high groundwater.

خوزستان دشتی پر آب بود.

استخر پر آب

— A swimming pool filled to capacity.

بچه‌ها در استخر پر آب بازی می‌کردند.

کوزه پر آب

— A clay pot full of water.

کوزه پر آب را لب طاقچه گذاشت.

ابر پر آب

— A heavy, rain-bearing cloud.

ابرهای پر آب در آسمان ظاهر شدند.

Often Confused With

پر آب vs آبی

Means 'blue'. Don't say 'رودخانه آبی' if you mean it has lots of water.

پر آب vs خیس

Means 'wet' (dampened surface). 'Por āb' is for volume.

پر آب vs سیراب

Means 'satiated with water'. Used for the consumer, not the source.

Idioms & Expressions

"پر آب و تاب"

— With great detail, exaggeration, or fanfare.

او خاطراتش را پر آب و تاب تعریف کرد.

Informal/Neutral

"آب در دلش تکان نمی‌خورد"

— Living in complete peace and security (related to water stability).

در آن خانه آب در دلش تکان نمی‌خورد.

Informal

"آب از سر گذشتن"

— To be in a situation beyond help (too much water over the head).

دیگر دیر شده، آب از سر گذشت.

Neutral

"آب زیر پوستش رفته"

— Looking healthier/fresher (usually after being sick or poor).

بعد از سفر، آب زیر پوستش رفته.

Informal

"آب پاکی روی دست کسی ریختن"

— To give someone a final 'no' or tell the bitter truth.

او با یک کلام آب پاکی را روی دستم ریخت.

Informal

"آب در کوزه و ما تشنه‌لبان می‌گردیم"

— Looking for something far away that is actually right next to you.

راه حل همین‌جاست، آب در کوزه و ما...

Literary

"آب خوش از گلو پایین نرفتن"

— To be unable to enjoy life due to stress or misery.

یک روز آب خوش از گلویم پایین نرفت.

Informal

"آب به آسیاب دشمن ریختن"

— To unintentionally help the enemy.

با این حرف‌ها فقط آب به آسیاب دشمن می‌ریزی.

Neutral

"مثل آب خوردن"

— Very easy (like drinking water).

این کار برای من مثل آب خوردن است.

Informal

"آب از آب تکان نخوردن"

— Nothing happened; everything remained calm.

بعد از آن همه دعوا، آب از آب تکان نخورد.

Informal

Easily Confused

پر آب vs آب‌دار

Both mean juicy.

'Por āb' is more literal/geographic; 'āb-dār' is more culinary/figurative.

جوک آب‌دار (juicy joke) vs. رودخانه پر آب (water-rich river).

پر آب vs لبریز

Both imply a lot of water.

'Labriz' means it's about to spill over the edge.

لیوان لبریز (overflowing glass).

پر آب vs مرطوب

Both relate to water presence.

'Martub' is for humidity or slight moisture.

هوای مرطوب (humid air).

پر آب vs روان

Both describe rivers.

'Ravān' focuses on the movement/flow.

آب روان (flowing water).

پر آب vs غرق

Both involve a lot of water.

'Ghargh' means submerged or drowned.

غرق در آب (drowned in water).

Sentence Patterns

[Noun] [Adjective] [Verb].

آب پر است.

[Noun]-e [Adjective] [Verb].

رودخانه پر آب است.

اگر [Condition], [Noun] پر آب می‌شود.

اگر باران ببارد، سد پر آب می‌شود.

[Noun] به دلیل [Adjective] بودن، [Result].

هندوانه به دلیل پر آب بودن، سنگین است.

[Abstract Noun] شامل [Noun]-hā-ye پر آب است.

طبیعت شامل چشمه‌های پر آب است.

با [Noun]-i پر آب، [Action].

با دیدگانی پر آب، سخن گفت.

من به دنبال [Noun]-e پر آب هستم.

من به دنبال پرتقال پر آب هستم.

این [Noun] خیلی پر آب است.

این لیمو خیلی پر آب است.

Word Family

Nouns

آب (water)

آبیاری (irrigation)

آب‌وهوا (weather)

آب‌میوه (juice)

Verbs

آب دادن (to water)

آب شدن (to melt)

آب کشیدن (to rinse)

Adjectives

آبی (blue)

آب‌دار (juicy)

کم‌آب (water-scarce)

بی‌آب (waterless)

دریا

رودخانه

باران

چشمه

سد

How to Use It

frequency

Very high in spring/winter, medium in summer. High in agricultural/nature topics.

Common Mistakes

Using 'por āb' for the color blue. → آبی (ābi)
Por āb is quantity; Ābi is color.
Saying 'lebāsam por āb shod' (My clothes became full of water). → لباسم خیس شد (khis shod)
Use 'khis' for wet surfaces/objects.
Omitting the Ezafe: 'rudkhāne por āb'. → رودخانهِ پر آب
Adjectives need the Ezafe connector.
Using 'por āb' for a juicy steak. → استیک آب‌دار
Meat is usually 'āb-dār', not 'por āb'.
Confusing 'por' (full) with 'par' (feather). → پر (por)
The vowel sound is different (o vs a).

Tips

The Ezafe Rule

Always add the '-e' sound when 'por āb' follows a noun: 'Sib-e por āb'.

Market Tip

When buying citrus, ask 'kodām por āb-tar ast?' to get the best ones.

Nature News

When you hear 'por āb' on Iranian TV, it's almost always good news about the environment.

Poetic Touch

Use 'cheshm-hā-ye por āb' instead of 'gerye' (crying) to be more descriptive in stories.

The 'O' Sound

Be careful not to confuse 'por' (full) with 'par' (feather).

Idiom Usage

Use 'por-āb-o-tāb' to describe a movie you really liked with lots of details.

Regional Use

Use 'por āb' to describe the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran.

Empathy

Saying someone has 'eyes full of water' is a polite way to notice they are upset.

Recipe Reading

If a recipe says 'goje-ye por āb', choose the softest, ripest tomatoes.

Visual Link

Picture a dam bursting with water to remember 'por āb'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'POUR' (por) of 'WATER' (āb). When you pour a lot, it is 'por āb'.

Visual Association

Imagine a giant, heavy, dripping orange (por āb) or a rushing blue river.

Word Web

River Juicy Rain Well Abundance Spring Tears Dam

Challenge

Try to find 3 things in your kitchen that are 'por āb' (like a tomato, an orange, or a full kettle).

Word Origin

Derived from Middle Persian 'purn' (full) and 'āb' (water). Both roots are Indo-European.

Original meaning: Abundant with liquid.

Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> West Iranian -> Persian.

Cultural Context

Be sensitive when discussing 'por āb' regions in the context of current Iranian water shortages and environmental protests.

English speakers might just say 'juicy' or 'full', but Persian uses 'por āb' specifically to emphasize the water element.

The Zayandeh Rud river reports. Poetry of Sohrab Sepehri regarding water. Agricultural reports on the Karun dam.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At the market

این میوه پر آب است؟
هندوانه پر آب می‌خواهم.
کدام پرتقال پر آب‌تر است؟
میوه‌های پر آب بخرید.

Nature hiking

رودخانه خیلی پر آب است.
مواظب باش، آب پر است.
چشمه پر آب کجاست؟
این دره پر آب و سبز است.

Weather news

سدها پر آب شدند.
امسال سال پر آبی است.
باران‌های پر آب در راه است.
ذخایر پر آب زیرزمینی.

Cooking

گوجه‌های پر آب را خرد کن.
گوشت باید پر آب (آب‌دار) باشد.
خورشت پر آب شد.
آب‌لیموهای پر آب.

Emotions

چشمانش پر آب شد.
با نگاهی پر آب.
اشک‌های پر آب.
دلش پر آب (غمگین) شد.

Conversation Starters

"آیا امسال رودخانه‌های شهر شما پر آب هستند؟"

"شما میوه‌های پر آب را دوست دارید یا میوه‌های خشک؟"

"به نظر شما بهترین راه برای داشتن چاه‌های پر آب چیست؟"

"آخرین باری که یک رودخانه خیلی پر آب دیدید کی بود؟"

"چرا در ایران مردم از دیدن سدهای پر آب خوشحال می‌شوند؟"

Journal Prompts

درباره سفری به یک منطقه پر آب و سرسبز بنویسید.

تفاوت بین یک سال پر آب و یک سال خشک برای یک کشاورز چیست؟

توصیف کنید که وقتی چشمان کسی پر آب می‌شود، چه احساسی به شما دست می‌دهد.

اهمیت رودخانه‌های پر آب در تاریخ ایران را بررسی کنید.

یک میوه پر آب محبوب خود را با جزئیات توصیف کنید.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Only for their eyes (tears). Otherwise, it sounds like they are made of water or bloated. Use 'sirāb' if they have drunk enough.

It is neutral. It is perfectly fine in a scientific report or at a dinner table.

The most common opposite is 'kam-āb' (low water) or 'khushk' (dry).

No, you must use the idiom 'por-āb-o-tāb' for that. 'Por āb' alone is too literal.

Technically yes, but since the ocean is always 'full', we don't usually use it there. It's for things that *can* be empty, like rivers or wells.

In poetic Persian, 'zakhkhār' or 'rayyān' can be used, but they are very rare.

Two words: پر (por) and آب (āb). Sometimes written with a half-space (z-f-n).

You can say 'bārān-e por āb' (heavy rain), but 'bārān-e shadid' is more common.

Yes, but usually that's a criticism, meaning it's too watery and lacks ingredients. 'Ash-e por āb'.

Mostly, but 'āb-dār' is better for meat and 'por āb' is better for rivers.