A1 形容词 1 min read 简单

Adjective Agreement: Number

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Gujarati, adjectives change their ending to match the gender and number of the noun they describe.

  • Masculine singular nouns end in -o (e.g., saro chhokro - good boy).
  • Feminine nouns end in -i (e.g., sari chhokri - good girl).
  • Plural or oblique nouns end in -a (e.g., sara chhokra - good boys).
Adjective (-o/-i/-a) + Noun

Meanings

Adjective agreement is the process where an adjective modifies its ending to reflect the grammatical gender and number of the noun it modifies.

1

Masculine Singular

Used for a single male noun.

“સારો છોકરો (saro chhokro)”

“મોટો ઘર (moto ghar)”

2

Feminine Singular

Used for a single female noun.

“સારી છોકરી (sari chhokri)”

“મોટી પેન (moti pen)”

3

Plural/Oblique

Used for multiple nouns or when the noun is the object of a postposition.

“સારા છોકરાઓ (sara chhokrao)”

“મોટા ઘરો (mota gharo)”

Adjective Inflection Table

Gender/Number Suffix Example (Good)
Masculine Singular -o Saro
Feminine Singular -i Sari
Neuter Singular -u Saru
Plural (All) -a Sara

Reference Table

Reference table for Adjective Agreement: Number
Form Structure Example
Masculine Adj-o + Noun Saro chhokro
Feminine Adj-i + Noun Sari chhokri
Neuter Adj-u + Noun Saru ghar
Plural Adj-a + Noun Sara chhokra
Oblique Adj-a + Noun Sara chhokra-e
Non-inflectable Adj + Noun Lal chhokro

正式程度

正式
બાળક સારો છે.

બાળક સારો છે. (Describing a person)

中性
છોકરો સારો છે.

છોકરો સારો છે. (Describing a person)

非正式
છોકરો સારો છે.

છોકરો સારો છે. (Describing a person)

俚语
છોકરો જોરદાર છે.

છોકરો જોરદાર છે. (Describing a person)

Adjective Agreement Map

Adjective

Masculine

  • -o Boy

Feminine

  • -i Girl

Neuter

  • -u House

Plural

  • -a Many
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按水平分级的例句

1

સારો છોકરો

Good boy

2

સારી છોકરી

Good girl

3

મોટું ઘર

Big house

4

સારા લોકો

Good people

1

આ સુંદર ફૂલ છે.

This is a beautiful flower.

2

તે ગરમ ચા પીવે છે.

He drinks hot tea.

3

મારી પાસે નવી પેન છે.

I have a new pen.

4

તેઓ સારા મિત્રો છે.

They are good friends.

1

મેં મોટા ઘરમાં જોયું.

I saw in the big house.

2

તેણે સારી વાતો કરી.

She talked good things.

3

આ નાના છોકરા માટે છે.

This is for the small boy.

4

તેમણે ઠંડા પાણીની માંગણી કરી.

They asked for cold water.

1

તેણે એક સુંદર અને મોટી ઇમારત જોઈ.

He saw a beautiful and big building.

2

આવા સારા લોકો મળવા મુશ્કેલ છે.

Such good people are hard to find.

3

તેણે પોતાની નવી ગાડી વેચી દીધી.

He sold his new car.

4

આ ગરમ દૂધ પીવું સ્વાસ્થ્ય માટે સારું છે.

Drinking this hot milk is good for health.

1

તેમની વાણીમાં એક પ્રકારની મીઠી નમ્રતા હતી.

There was a sweet humility in his speech.

2

આટલા મોટા નિર્ણય લેવા માટે સાહસ જોઈએ.

It takes courage to make such big decisions.

3

તેણે જૂના જમાનાની વાતો યાદ કરી.

He remembered stories of the old days.

4

આવી અઘરી પરિસ્થિતિમાં પણ તે શાંત રહ્યો.

Even in such a difficult situation, he remained calm.

1

તેની કલાત્મક અભિવ્યક્તિમાં એક અનોખી ઊંડાઈ જોવા મળે છે.

A unique depth is seen in his artistic expression.

2

આવા ગહન વિષયો પર ચર્ચા કરવી એ બૌદ્ધિક આનંદ છે.

Discussing such profound topics is an intellectual pleasure.

3

તેણે પોતાની આખી જિંદગી સામાજિક કાર્યોમાં સમર્પિત કરી.

He dedicated his whole life to social work.

4

આવી ભવ્ય ઇમારતો આપણા ઇતિહાસની સાક્ષી છે.

Such grand buildings are witnesses to our history.

容易混淆

Adjective Agreement: Number 对比 Inflectable vs Non-inflectable

Learners try to change words like 'sundar' (beautiful).

Adjective Agreement: Number 对比 Plural vs Oblique

Both use -a, causing confusion in sentence structure.

Adjective Agreement: Number 对比 Neuter vs Masculine

Both end in vowels, often mixed up.

常见错误

✗

saro chhokri

✓

sari chhokri

Used masculine ending for feminine noun.
✗

sari chhokro

✓

saro chhokro

Used feminine ending for masculine noun.
✗

saro chhokra

✓

sara chhokra

Used singular ending for plural noun.
✗

saru chhokro

✓

saro chhokro

Used neuter ending for masculine noun.
✗

sundaro chhokro

✓

sundar chhokro

Tried to inflect a non-inflectable adjective.
✗

sari ghar

✓

saru ghar

Used feminine ending for neuter noun.
✗

sara chhokri

✓

sari chhokri

Used plural ending for singular noun.
✗

saro chhokra-e

✓

sara chhokra-e

Failed to use oblique form before postposition.
✗

sari chhokri-ma

✓

sari chhokri-ma

Actually correct, but often confused with oblique rules.
✗

saru ghar-ma

✓

sara ghar-ma

Failed to use oblique form for neuter noun.
✗

saro vyakti

✓

sari vyakti

Vyakti is feminine, often mistaken as masculine.
✗

sara vastu

✓

sari vastu

Vastu is feminine, not plural.
✗

saru lok

✓

sara loko

Loko is plural.

句型

આ ___ છોકરો છે.

આ ___ છોકરી છે.

આ ___ ઘર છે.

તેઓ ___ મિત્રો છે.

Real World Usage

Social Media constant

સારો ફોટો!

Texting very common

કેમ છો સારા?

Job Interview common

આ એક મોટો પ્રોજેક્ટ છે.

Travel common

આ સુંદર જગ્યા છે.

Food Delivery very common

ગરમ જમવાનું મોકલો.

Shopping common

આ સારી પેન છે.

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💡

Check the Noun

Always identify the noun's gender before choosing your adjective.
⚠️

Don't Over-inflect

Check if your adjective ends in -o. If it doesn't, leave it alone!
🎯

Listen to Natives

Pay attention to how native speakers use -a for plural nouns.
💬

Respect the Gender

Using the wrong gender can sound very unnatural to native speakers.

Smart Tips

Check the last letter of the noun first.

saro ghar → saru ghar

Always use the -a form.

saro chhokro-ma → sara chhokra-ma

Use the non-inflectable form if you are unsure.

saro sundar chhokro → sundar chhokro

Always use -a.

saro loko → sara loko

发音

saro (sa-ro)

Vowel endings

The final vowel must be clear and distinct.

Declarative

છોકરો સારો છે. ↘

Statement of fact

记住它

记忆技巧

O is for Boy, I is for Girl, U is for House, A is for All.

视觉联想

Imagine a boy wearing a shirt with an 'O' on it, a girl with an 'I' on her dress, and a house with a 'U' shaped roof. When they all gather together, they wear 'A' badges.

Rhyme

Boy ends in O, Girl ends in I, House ends in U, Plural is A, don't be shy!

Story

Saro (the boy) met Sari (the girl) in a Saru (neuter) house. They invited all their Sara (plural) friends over for tea. Everyone was happy because the adjectives matched perfectly.

Word Web

SaroSariSaruSaraMotoMotiMotuMota

挑战

Look around your room and describe 5 objects using the correct gender ending.

文化笔记

In Surat, some speakers might drop the final vowel in rapid speech.

They often use different adjectives for the same concept.

Used in media and education, follows strict rules.

Gujarati adjectives evolved from Sanskrit adjectival forms.

对话开场白

“

તમારું ઘર કેવું છે?

“

તમને કેવું જમવાનું ગમે છે?

“

તમારા શહેર વિશે શું કહી શકો?

“

તમારા જીવનનો સૌથી સારો અનુભવ કયો છે?

日记主题

Describe your best friend.
Describe your house.
Write about a trip you took.
Reflect on a difficult decision.
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Test Yourself

Fill in the correct adjective form.

આ ___ (saro) છોકરો છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: saro
Masculine singular noun.
Choose the correct sentence. 多项选择

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari chhokri
Feminine noun needs feminine adjective.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

સારો છોકરી (saro chhokri)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari chhokri
Gender mismatch.
Change to plural. Sentence Transformation

સારો છોકરો (saro chhokro)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sara chhokra
Plural adjective is sara.
Match adjective to noun. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-boy, 2-girl, 3-house
Gender matching.
Conjugate 'Moto' (Big). Conjugation Drill

___ ઘર (house)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: motu
House is neuter.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use: સુંદર (beautiful), ફૂલ (flower)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: સુંદર ફૂલ
Non-inflectable adjective.
Is this true? True False Rule

All adjectives change for gender.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Some are non-inflectable.

Score: /8

练习题

8 exercises
Fill in the correct adjective form.

આ ___ (saro) છોકરો છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: saro
Masculine singular noun.
Choose the correct sentence. 多项选择

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari chhokri
Feminine noun needs feminine adjective.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

સારો છોકરી (saro chhokri)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari chhokri
Gender mismatch.
Change to plural. Sentence Transformation

સારો છોકરો (saro chhokro)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sara chhokra
Plural adjective is sara.
Match adjective to noun. Match Pairs

Match: 1. Saro, 2. Sari, 3. Saru

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-boy, 2-girl, 3-house
Gender matching.
Conjugate 'Moto' (Big). Conjugation Drill

___ ઘર (house)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: motu
House is neuter.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use: સુંદર (beautiful), ફૂલ (flower)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: સુંદર ફૂલ
Non-inflectable adjective.
Is this true? True False Rule

All adjectives change for gender.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Some are non-inflectable.

Score: /8

常见问题 (8)

Adjectives that don't end in -o are non-inflectable.

Yes, Gujarati uses -u for neuter nouns.

Usually by its ending, but some are irregular.

It's when a noun is followed by a postposition.

No, they all use -a.

No, that will sound incorrect.

Very similar, but with some differences in gender.

Describe objects around you daily.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Adjective agreement

Gujarati has a neuter gender and an oblique case system.

French moderate

Accord de l'adjectif

Gujarati inflection is more phonetically consistent.

German moderate

Adjektivdeklination

German uses articles to mark case; Gujarati uses suffixes.

Japanese low

Keiyoushi

Japanese has no gender agreement.

Arabic moderate

Sifa

Arabic agreement includes definiteness.

Chinese none

Adjectives

Chinese has zero inflection.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Adjective Agreement: Gender

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Adjective Agreement: Gender
A0

Basic Colors (Rang)
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