Real Conditionals: If... Then (Agar... to)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'Agar' (if) to set a condition and 'to' (then) to describe the result of that condition.
- Start the condition clause with 'Agar' (अगर).
- Use 'to' (तो) to bridge the condition and the result.
- Ensure verb tenses match logically between the two clauses.
Overview
Conditional Structure Components
| Part | Hindi | Function | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Condition Starter
|
अगर (Agar)
|
Introduces 'If'
|
अगर तुम आओ
|
|
Condition Clause
|
Verb + tense
|
The condition
|
तुम आओ
|
|
Pivot
|
तो (to)
|
Introduces 'Then'
|
तो
|
|
Result Clause
|
Verb + tense
|
The outcome
|
मैं जाऊँगा
|
Meanings
This structure expresses a real, possible condition and its direct consequence in the present or future.
Real Condition
Predicting a likely outcome based on a condition.
“अगर तुम आओगे, तो हम फिल्म देखेंगे।”
“अगर वह मेहनत करेगा, तो पास हो जाएगा।”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Agar + [clause] + to + [clause]
|
Agar baarish hogi to main nahi jaunga.
|
|
Negative
|
Agar + [clause with nahi] + to + [clause]
|
Agar tum nahi padhoge to fail ho jaoge.
|
|
Question
|
Kya agar + [clause] + to + [clause]?
|
Kya agar main aaun to tum miloge?
|
|
Formal
|
Yadi + [clause] + to + [clause]
|
Yadi aap aayein to hum baat karenge.
|
|
Future
|
Agar + [future] + to + [future]
|
Agar woh bolega to main sununga.
|
|
Past
|
Agar + [past] + to + [past]
|
Agar tumne bataya hota to main aata.
|
Formality Spectrum
यदि आप आएँ, तो हम चर्चा करेंगे। (Meeting request)
अगर आप आएंगे, तो हम बात करेंगे। (Meeting request)
अगर तुम आओगे, तो बात करेंगे। (Meeting request)
Agar tu aaya, to baat karenge. (Meeting request)
The Conditional Bridge
Condition
- Agar If
Result
- to then
Examples by Level
अगर भूख है, तो खाना खाओ।
If you are hungry, then eat food.
अगर बारिश है, तो घर जाओ।
If it is raining, then go home.
अगर तुम आओगे, तो मैं खुश हूँ।
If you come, I am happy.
अगर यह सस्ता है, तो खरीदो।
If this is cheap, then buy it.
अगर आपके पास समय है, तो मुझे फोन करें।
If you have time, please call me.
अगर तुम मेहनत करोगे, तो पास हो जाओगे।
If you work hard, you will pass.
अगर वह नहीं आएगा, तो हम नहीं जाएंगे।
If he doesn't come, we won't go.
अगर कल छुट्टी है, तो हम बाहर जाएंगे।
If tomorrow is a holiday, we will go out.
अगर मुझे पता होता, तो मैं जरूर बताता।
If I had known, I would have told you.
अगर आप चाहें, तो हम कल मिल सकते हैं।
If you want, we can meet tomorrow.
अगर सब कुछ ठीक रहा, तो प्रोजेक्ट समय पर पूरा होगा।
If everything goes well, the project will finish on time.
अगर आप मेरी बात नहीं मानेंगे, तो नुकसान आपका होगा।
If you don't listen to me, the loss will be yours.
अगर सरकार ने कर कम किए, तो अर्थव्यवस्था में सुधार होगा।
If the government reduces taxes, the economy will improve.
अगर आप इस प्रस्ताव को स्वीकार करते हैं, तो हम आगे बढ़ सकते हैं।
If you accept this proposal, we can move forward.
अगर वह समय पर पहुँच जाता, तो उसे ट्रेन मिल जाती।
If he had reached on time, he would have caught the train.
अगर आपको कोई समस्या हो, तो कृपया मुझे सूचित करें।
If you have any problem, please inform me.
अगर हम इस दृष्टिकोण से देखें, तो समस्या का समाधान स्पष्ट है।
If we look from this perspective, the solution is clear.
अगर परिस्थितियाँ अनुकूल रहीं, तो हम अगले महीने विस्तार करेंगे।
If conditions remain favorable, we will expand next month.
अगर आपने पहले ही निर्णय ले लिया है, तो चर्चा का कोई अर्थ नहीं है।
If you have already decided, there is no point in discussing.
अगर वह यहाँ होता, तो स्थिति बिल्कुल अलग होती।
If he were here, the situation would be completely different.
अगर यह मान भी लिया जाए कि वह निर्दोष है, तो भी सबूत उसके खिलाफ हैं।
Even if it is assumed that he is innocent, the evidence is against him.
अगर कहीं कोई चूक हुई, तो पूरी योजना विफल हो जाएगी।
If there is any lapse, the whole plan will fail.
अगर आप इसे गहराई से समझें, तो यह केवल एक भाषा नहीं, एक संस्कृति है।
If you understand this deeply, it is not just a language, it is a culture.
अगर ऐसा होता, तो शायद इतिहास का रुख बदल जाता।
If this had happened, perhaps the course of history would have changed.
Easily Confused
Learners mix 'If' (Agar) with 'When' (Jab).
Yadi is just a formal version of Agar.
Used for 'Even if'.
Common Mistakes
Agar tum aao, main khush.
Agar tum aaoge, to main khush hounga.
To tum aao, agar main...
Agar tum aao, to main...
Agar tum aao to main aao.
Agar tum aaoge to main aaunga.
Agar ki tum aao...
Agar tum aao...
Agar tumne kiya, to main kiya.
Agar tumne kiya, to maine kiya.
Agar baarish hogi, to main nahi gaya.
Agar baarish hogi, to main nahi jaunga.
Agar to tum aaye...
Agar tum aaye, to...
Agar main hota raja, to main khata.
Agar main raja hota, to main khata.
Agar woh bole, to main sunta.
Agar woh bolta, to main sunta.
Agar aapko chahiye, to bataiye.
Agar aapko chahiye, to mujhe bataiye.
Agar yeh maana jaye, to yeh sahi hai.
Agar yeh maana jaye, to yeh sahi hoga.
Agar woh aaya hota, to main gaya hota.
Agar woh aaya hota, to main gaya hota (Correct, but check context).
Agar ki baat hai...
Agar yeh baat hai...
Sentence Patterns
Agar ___ , to ___ .
Agar aap ___ , to ___ .
Agar ___ hota, to ___ hota.
Agar ___ , to phir ___ .
Real World Usage
Agar free ho to call karo.
Agar spicy hai to mat dena.
Agar mujhe select kiya gaya, to main mehnat karunga.
Agar flight late hai, to refund milega?
Agar post pasand aaye to like karo!
Yadi aapko koi prashn ho, to sampark karein.
Keep it simple
Don't forget 'to'
Use 'Yadi' for formal writing
Casual speech
Smart Tips
Swap 'Agar' for 'Yadi'.
You can drop 'Agar' but keep 'to'.
Keep both clauses in the same tense.
Add 'hi' for emphasis.
Pronunciation
Agar
The 'g' is soft, like in 'go'.
to
Short 'o' sound.
Conditional rise
Agar tum aaoge ↗, to main khush hounga ↘.
Rising pitch on the condition, falling on the result.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Agar is the 'If' that starts the race, 'to' is the 'then' that finishes the pace.
Visual Association
Imagine a bridge. 'Agar' is the entrance sign, and 'to' is the middle point connecting to the destination.
Rhyme
Agar bolo 'if', to bolo 'then', use it again and again.
Story
Rohan says: 'Agar (if) I study, to (then) I will play.' He studies hard. Because he studied, he gets to play. He remembers the rule forever.
Word Web
Challenge
Write 5 sentences about your plans for tomorrow using the Agar-to structure.
Cultural Notes
Very common in daily conversation, often used with 'to' omitted in very fast speech.
Uses 'Yadi' instead of 'Agar'.
Often uses 'Agar' interchangeably with 'Agarcheh' (though different meaning).
Derived from Persian 'Agar'.
Conversation Starters
Agar aapke paas ek din ho, to aap kya karenge?
Agar baarish ho, to aapko kya karna pasand hai?
Agar aapko nayi bhasha seekhni ho, to aap kya karenge?
Agar aapko duniya ghumne ka mauka mile, to kahan jayenge?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
___ tum aaoge, to hum khelenge.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Agar tum padhoge main pass hounga.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
If you are free, call me.
Answer starts with: Aga...
Use 'Agar', 'baarish', 'ghar'.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Agar woh (aana) to hum milenge.
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercises___ tum aaoge, to hum khelenge.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Agar tum padhoge main pass hounga.
to / main / agar / aaunga / tum / aaoge
If you are free, call me.
Use 'Agar', 'baarish', 'ghar'.
Agar tum mehnat karoge...
Agar woh (aana) to hum milenge.
Score: /8
FAQ (8)
In very casual speech, yes, but it is better to include 'to' for clarity.
Yes, 'Yadi' is just the formal version.
Yes, but you must use past tense verbs in both clauses.
Use 'Chahe' instead of 'Agar'.
Yes, 'Agar' must come at the beginning of the condition clause.
Yes, just add a question mark at the end.
Some dialects might use different particles, but 'Agar-to' is standard.
Add 'nahi' before the verb in the condition clause.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Si... entonces...
Spanish requires subjunctive mood in many conditional clauses.
Si... alors...
French has stricter rules about tense sequence.
Wenn... dann...
German verb placement changes in the result clause.
...tara / ...ba
Hindi uses a separate particle (Agar) at the start.
Idha... fa...
Arabic 'fa' is a prefix, not a separate word like 'to'.
Ruguo... jiu...
Chinese has no verb conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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