कांच in 30 Seconds
- Kāñch is Hindi for glass, a fragile material.
- Used for windows, bottles, mirrors, and glassware.
- Handle with care due to its breakable nature.
The Hindi word कांच (kāñch) primarily refers to 'glass' in English. This is the familiar material that is transparent or translucent, hard, brittle, and typically made by melting sand with other ingredients. You encounter कांच in everyday objects like windows in your house, the bottles that hold your drinks, and the mirrors you use to see your reflection. In a domestic setting, it's the material of drinking glasses, bowls, and decorative items. When you go shopping, if an item is made of कांच, it usually means it's fragile and needs to be handled with extreme care to prevent it from breaking. For instance, a shopkeeper might warn you about a delicate कांच vase or a set of कांच tableware. The word is fundamental in describing many common household items and is one of the first material nouns a learner encounters. It's also used metaphorically, though less commonly at the A1 level, to describe something transparent or easily seen through.
- Examples of Use
- Windows: घर की खिड़कियाँ कांच की बनी होती हैं। (Ghar ki khidkiyan kāñch ki bani hoti hain. - The house's windows are made of glass.)
- Bottles: पानी की बोतलें अक्सर कांच की होती हैं। (Pani ki botalein aksar kāñch ki hoti hain. - Water bottles are often made of glass.)
- Mirrors: आईना कांच का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है। (Aaina kāñch ka ek mahatvapurna hissa hai. - A mirror is an important part made of glass.)
- Tableware: डिनर सेट में कांच के बर्तन भी होते हैं। (Dinner set mein kāñch ke bartan bhi hote hain. - The dinner set also includes glass utensils.)
यह कांच का गिलास है। (Yah kāñch ka gilās hai. - This is a glass made of glass.)
Using कांच (kāñch) in sentences is straightforward, as it functions as a noun referring to the material. You'll often see it followed by 'का' (kā), 'की' (kī), or 'के' (ke), which are possessive markers indicating 'of glass' or 'made of glass'. The specific marker depends on the gender and number of the noun it modifies. For example, 'खिड़की' (khidki - window) is feminine, so we use 'की': 'खिड़की कांच की है' (khidki kāñch ki hai - the window is of glass). 'गिलास' (gilās - glass, drinking vessel) is masculine, so we use 'का': 'यह कांच का गिलास है' (yah kāñch ka gilās hai - this is a glass of glass). When referring to multiple items or items in general, you might use 'के': 'कांच के बर्तन' (kāñch ke bartan - glass utensils). Be mindful of the fragility associated with कांच; sentences often reflect this. For example, 'यह कांच का फूलदान नाजुक है।' (Yah kāñch ka phūldān nāzuk hai. - This glass vase is delicate.) You can also use it to describe something being made of glass directly: 'दीवारों में कांच लगा है।' (Dīwāron mein kāñch lagā hai. - Glass is installed in the walls.) At a slightly more advanced level, you might hear about 'रंगीन कांच' (rangīn kāñch - colored glass) or 'टूटा हुआ कांच' (ṭūṭā huā kāñch - broken glass). The key is to remember its function as a material noun and its common grammatical partners like 'का', 'की', 'के'.
- Sentence Structures
- Noun + का/की/के + कांच + है/थे/थी/थे (Noun is made of glass): खिड़की कांच की है। (The window is of glass.)
- कांच + का/की/के + Noun: कांच का प्याला। (A glass cup.)
- Adjective + कांच + Noun: पुराना कांच का फ्रेम। (An old glass frame.)
- Verb + कांच: कांच तोड़ना। (To break glass.)
मेज पर कांच के फूलदान थे। (Mez par kāñch ke phūldān the. - There were glass vases on the table.)
You will hear the word कांच (kāñch) very frequently in everyday conversations and situations in India. Think about common places and interactions. When you visit a restaurant, the waiter might ask, 'आपको कांच का गिलास चाहिए या प्लास्टिक का?' (Āpko kāñch ka gilās chāhiye yā plāstik ka? - Do you want a glass glass or a plastic one?). In a home, if someone is setting the table, they might say, 'ज़रा कांच के बर्तन निकालना।' (Zarā kāñch ke bartan nikālnā. - Please take out the glass utensils.) When shopping for household items, you'll see signs or hear descriptions like 'कांच का सामान' (kañch kā sāmān - glassware) in stores. If you're helping someone move, they might emphasize, 'यह कांच का सामान बहुत नाजुक है, ध्यान से रखना।' (Yah kāñch ka sāmān bahut nāzuk hai, dhyān se rakhnā. - This glassware is very delicate, handle it carefully.) In construction or renovation contexts, people talk about installing windows or doors made with कांच. Even in casual conversations about accidents, you might hear, 'गाड़ी का कांच टूट गया।' (Gāṛī ka kāñch ṭūṭ gayā. - The car's windshield broke.) The word is also used when discussing art and decoration, referring to stained glass or glass ornaments. It’s a fundamental word for describing physical objects and materials, making it a common fixture in daily Hindi discourse.
- Situational Usage
- Home: Describing windows, mirrors, drinking glasses, decorative items.
- Shopping: Asking for or identifying glassware, fragile items.
- Repairs: Discussing broken windows, car windshields, or other glass items.
- Art & Crafts: Referring to decorative glass pieces, stained glass.
- Restaurants/Cafes: Ordering drinks in glass containers.
उसने कांच के गिलास में पानी डाला। (Usne kāñch ke gilās mein pānī ḍālā. - He poured water into a glass made of glass.)
Learners of Hindi might make a few common mistakes when using the word कांच (kāñch). One frequent error is confusing it with the English word 'glass' when it refers to a drinking vessel. While 'gilās' (गिलास) is the direct translation for a drinking glass, sometimes people might colloquially refer to a drinking glass as 'कांच' if its material is emphasized. However, using 'कांच' when you specifically mean a drinking vessel can sound a bit unnatural or overly literal. The correct term for a drinking glass is 'गिलास'. Another potential pitfall is misapplying the gender agreement with 'का', 'की', 'के'. Remember that कांच itself is treated as masculine when it's the subject or object of a sentence, but when used possessively ('of glass'), the marker (का, की, के) agrees with the noun that follows it. For example, 'कांच की बोतल' (kāñch kī botal - glass bottle) is correct because 'बोतल' (botal - bottle) is feminine. Incorrectly saying 'कांच का बोतल' would be a mistake. Also, avoid using कांच for other transparent materials like plastic or acrylic when they are distinctly different. While sometimes used generally for transparent items, precision is important. Finally, some learners might forget the inherent fragility associated with कांच and might not use appropriate caution in descriptions or actions involving it. For instance, saying 'यह कांच का सामान मज़बूत है' (Yah kāñch ka sāmān mazbūt hai - This glassware is strong) would be factually incorrect for typical glass.
- Common Errors and Corrections
- Mistake: Using कांच for a drinking glass.
- Correction: Use 'गिलास' (gilās) for a drinking glass. 'कांच' refers to the material.
- Mistake: Incorrect gender agreement (e.g., कांच का बोतल).
- Correction: The marker (का/की/के) agrees with the following noun. Correct: कांच की बोतल.
- Mistake: Assuming कांच is always strong.
- Correction: कांच is inherently fragile. Sentences should reflect this.
यह कांच का कप है। (Yah kāñch ka kap hai. - This is a cup made of glass.)
While कांच (kāñch) is the primary word for 'glass' as a material, there are related terms and alternatives depending on the context. The most important distinction is between the material and the object. For a drinking vessel, the specific word is 'गिलास' (gilās). So, if you want to ask for a drinking glass, you would say 'गिलास', not typically 'कांच'. However, you can describe it as 'कांच का गिलास' (kāñch ka gilās - a glass made of glass) to emphasize its material. Other related terms might include 'शीशा' (shīshā), which can also mean glass, especially in the context of mirrors or sometimes for sheet glass. However, 'कांच' is generally more common and versatile for the material itself. 'शीशा' is more frequently used for mirrors ('आईना' or 'शीशा') and sometimes for automotive glass. When referring to specific types of glass, you might encounter terms like 'रंगीन कांच' (rangīn kāñch - colored glass) or 'सुरक्षा कांच' (surakshā kāñch - safety glass), which are specific applications of the material. In contrast, words like 'प्लास्टिक' (plāstik - plastic) or 'धातु' (dhātu - metal) are alternatives when describing objects made from different materials. For example, 'यह प्लास्टिक का गिलास है।' (Yah plāstik ka gilās hai. - This is a plastic glass.) The choice between these words depends on whether you are referring to the raw material or a finished product, and the specific type of product. For general purposes, कांच is your go-to word for glass material.
- Comparisons
- कांच (kāñch) vs. गिलास (gilās)
कांच is the material (glass). गिलास is the drinking vessel (glass). You drink from a गिलास, which can be made of कांच. - कांच (kāñch) vs. शीशा (shīshā)
कांच is generally preferred for the material. शीशा often refers to mirrors or sheet glass, especially in specific contexts like car windows. - कांच (kāñch) vs. प्लास्टिक (plāstik)
कांच is glass. प्लास्टिक is plastic. These are distinct materials used for similar objects.
मुझे कांच का गिलास चाहिए। (Mujhe kāñch ka gilās chāhiye. - I want a glass made of glass.)
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The word 'कांच' is cognate with words for glass or transparency in other Indo-Aryan languages, reflecting its ancient presence. For instance, in Bengali, it's 'কাচ' (kach), and in Punjabi, it's 'ਕਾਚ' (kāc).
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing 'aa' too short.
- Confusing the 'ch' sound with 'sh'.
Difficulty Rating
CEFR A1 level. The word 'कांच' is very common and appears in simple descriptive sentences. Recognizing it is easy due to its frequent use in everyday contexts.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Gender agreement of possessive markers (का, की, के)
The marker agrees with the noun following it: कांच की बोतल (kāñch kī botal - feminine noun 'botal'), कांच का गिलास (kāñch ka gilās - masculine noun 'gilās').
Using material nouns
Like 'wood' or 'metal', 'कांच' is a material noun. Sentences often describe objects as being 'made of glass' using constructions like 'कांच का बना है'.
Adjective placement
Adjectives typically precede the noun they modify: नाजुक कांच का फूलदान (nāzuk kāñch ka phūldān - delicate glass vase).
Pluralization of countable nouns vs. material nouns
While countable nouns pluralize (e.g., बोतलें - botaleṁ - bottles), 'कांच' as a material generally remains singular, though context can imply multiple pieces or types.
Use of prepositions with nouns
Prepositions like 'में' (mein - in) or 'पर' (par - on) are used with nouns: मेज पर कांच के फूलदान (mez par kāñch ke phūldān - glass vases on the table).
Examples by Level
यह कांच का गिलास है।
This is a glass (drinking vessel) made of glass.
This sentence uses 'कांच का' to describe the material of the 'गिलास' (drinking glass).
खिड़की कांच की बनी है।
The window is made of glass.
Here, 'की' is used because 'खिड़की' (window) is feminine.
मुझे कांच की बोतल चाहिए।
I want a bottle made of glass.
The possessive marker 'की' agrees with the feminine noun 'बोतल' (bottle).
मेज पर कांच के फूलदान हैं।
There are glass vases on the table.
'के' is used because 'फूलदान' (vases) is plural and masculine.
यह नाजुक कांच का सामान है।
This is delicate glassware.
Describes the nature of the glass items.
क्या यह कांच का है?
Is this made of glass?
A simple question asking about the material.
बच्चे ने कांच तोड़ दिया।
The child broke the glass.
Refers to breaking the material itself.
आईना कांच का होता है।
A mirror is made of glass.
States a general fact about mirrors.
हमें एक नया कांच का शीशा चाहिए।
We need a new glass pane.
Using 'शीशा' (pane) with 'कांच' (glass material).
बाजार में कई तरह के कांच के बर्तन मिलते हैं।
Many types of glass utensils are available in the market.
Describing variety of glass items.
सावधान! यह कांच का भरा डिब्बा है।
Careful! This is a box full of glass.
Emphasizing caution due to the contents.
पुराने घरों में कांच की खिड़कियाँ आम थीं।
Glass windows were common in old houses.
Historical context for glass windows.
क्या तुम कांच की चूड़ियाँ पहनोगी?
Will you wear glass bangles?
Referring to decorative glass items.
यह कांच का फ्रेम बहुत सुंदर है।
This glass frame is very beautiful.
Describing the aesthetic quality of a glass object.
गाड़ी का अगला कांच टूट गया।
The car's front windshield broke.
Specific use for automotive glass.
हमें कांच साफ करने की जरूरत है।
We need to clean the glass.
Action related to glass surfaces.
कलाकारों ने रंगीन कांच का उपयोग करके सुंदर कलाकृतियाँ बनाईं।
Artists created beautiful artworks using colored glass.
Usage in art and craft context.
पुराने समय में, कांच का निर्माण एक जटिल प्रक्रिया थी।
In old times, glass manufacturing was a complex process.
Historical perspective on glass production.
इस संग्रहालय में प्राचीन कांच के बर्तन प्रदर्शित हैं।
Ancient glass vessels are displayed in this museum.
Referring to historical artifacts.
सावधान रहें, क्योंकि ये कांच के टुकड़े खतरनाक हो सकते हैं।
Be careful, as these glass shards can be dangerous.
Warning about the danger of broken glass.
आधुनिक वास्तुकला में बड़े पैमाने पर कांच का प्रयोग होता है।
Large-scale use of glass is seen in modern architecture.
Architectural application of glass.
उसने गलती से मेज से कांच का प्याला गिरा दिया।
She accidentally dropped a glass cup from the table.
Describing an accidental event involving glass.
पारदर्शी कांच हमें बाहर का दृश्य देखने देता है।
Transparent glass allows us to see the outside view.
Highlighting the transparency of glass.
यह कांच का आभूषण बहुत कीमती है।
This glass ornament is very precious.
Describing valuable decorative glass.
उच्च तापमान पर रेत को पिघलाकर कांच का निर्माण किया जाता है।
Glass is manufactured by melting sand at high temperatures.
Explaining the process of glass manufacturing.
टूटे हुए कांच के टुकड़ों को सावधानी से एकत्र किया जाना चाहिए।
Broken pieces of glass should be collected with caution.
Procedure for handling broken glass.
विभिन्न प्रकार के कांच में अलग-अलग रासायनिक संरचनाएं होती हैं।
Different types of glass have different chemical compositions.
Scientific aspect of glass composition.
उसने कला प्रदर्शन के लिए कांच की मूर्तियों का एक अनूठा संग्रह प्रस्तुत किया।
She presented a unique collection of glass sculptures for the art exhibition.
Usage in the context of art exhibitions.
सुरक्षा कांच, जैसे कि कार विंडशील्ड में इस्तेमाल होने वाला, आसानी से नहीं टूटता।
Safety glass, like that used in car windshields, does not break easily.
Describing properties of safety glass.
अत्यधिक गर्मी से कांच का विस्तार हो सकता है।
Excessive heat can cause glass to expand.
Physical properties of glass.
प्राचीन सभ्यताओं में भी कांच का उपयोग सजावटी वस्तुओं के लिए किया जाता था।
Glass was also used for decorative items in ancient civilizations.
Historical use of glass for decoration.
इस इमारत की पूरी बाहरी दीवार कांच की बनी है।
The entire outer wall of this building is made of glass.
Describing large-scale architectural features.
कांच की भंगुरता (brittleness) इसे कुछ अनुप्रयोगों के लिए अनुपयुक्त बनाती है, लेकिन इसकी पारदर्शिता इसे अन्य में अमूल्य बनाती है।
The brittleness of glass makes it unsuitable for some applications, but its transparency makes it invaluable in others.
Discussing the dual nature of glass properties.
वैज्ञानिकों ने कांच के नए रूपों का आविष्कार किया है जिनमें अद्वितीय ऑप्टिकल गुण हैं।
Scientists have invented new forms of glass that possess unique optical properties.
Advanced scientific research involving glass.
पर्यावरणीय चिंताओं के कारण, पुनर्नवीनीकरण कांच का उपयोग तेजी से महत्वपूर्ण होता जा रहा है।
Due to environmental concerns, the use of recycled glass is becoming increasingly important.
Focus on sustainability and recycled materials.
लघुकरण (miniaturization) की प्रवृत्ति के साथ, सूक्ष्म-कांच (micro-glass) का महत्व बढ़ रहा है।
With the trend of miniaturization, the importance of micro-glass is growing.
Specialized applications like micro-glass.
कलात्मक कांच के काम में, कलाकार अक्सर कांच को आकार देने के लिए जटिल तकनीकों का इस्तेमाल करते हैं।
In artistic glasswork, artists often employ intricate techniques to shape glass.
Detailed description of artistic glass manipulation.
इस कांच के प्रकार में उच्च तापीय प्रतिरोध (thermal resistance) होता है, जो इसे प्रयोगशाला उपकरणों के लिए आदर्श बनाता है।
This type of glass has high thermal resistance, making it ideal for laboratory equipment.
Specific properties for specialized uses.
एक जटिल कांच की संरचना को तोड़ने से पहले उसके तनाव (stress) का विश्लेषण करना महत्वपूर्ण है।
It is crucial to analyze the stress within a complex glass structure before attempting to break it.
Technical analysis involving glass structures.
आधुनिक डिस्प्ले तकनीकें अक्सर विशेष प्रकार के कांच पर निर्भर करती हैं जो टिकाऊ और ऑप्टिकली उत्कृष्ट हों।
Modern display technologies often rely on specialized types of glass that are durable and optically excellent.
Connection to technology and display materials.
फ्लोट ग्लास प्रक्रिया, जिसमें पिघले हुए कांच को पिघले हुए टिन पर तैराया जाता है, समतल और चिकनी कांच की चादरें बनाने का एक अभूतपूर्व तरीका है।
The float glass process, where molten glass is floated on molten tin, is an unprecedented method for creating flat and smooth sheets of glass.
Detailed explanation of a specific manufacturing process.
विभिन्न अपवर्तक सूचकांकों (refractive indices) वाले कांच का उपयोग प्रकाशिकी में जटिल लेंस प्रणाली बनाने के लिए किया जाता है।
Glass with varying refractive indices is utilized in optics to construct complex lens systems.
Technical application in optics.
कांच की पारगम्यता (permeability) और रासायनिक स्थिरता इसे रासायनिक प्रतिक्रियाओं के लिए एक आदर्श माध्यम बनाती है।
The permeability and chemical stability of glass make it an ideal medium for chemical reactions.
Advanced material science properties.
ऐतिहासिक अभिलेखों से पता चलता है कि कांच की निर्माण कला रोमन साम्राज्य में अपने चरम पर थी।
Historical records indicate that the art of glassmaking was at its zenith during the Roman Empire.
Historical analysis of glassmaking traditions.
नई पीढ़ी के सौर सेल के विकास में खास प्रकार के कांच का महत्वपूर्ण योगदान है।
Special types of glass play a significant role in the development of next-generation solar cells.
Contribution to renewable energy technology.
कांच की सतह पर नैनो-कोटिंग (nano-coating) का अनुप्रयोग इसके स्थायित्व और कार्यक्षमता को उल्लेखनीय रूप से बढ़ा सकता है।
The application of nano-coating on glass surfaces can significantly enhance its durability and functionality.
Cutting-edge material enhancement techniques.
कांच के संक्रमण बिंदु (glass transition temperature) को समझना सामग्री के व्यवहार के विश्लेषण के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।
Understanding the glass transition temperature of a material is critical for analyzing its behavior.
Thermodynamic properties of glass.
प्राचीन मिस्रवासियों द्वारा विकसित कांच की तकनीकें सदियों तक प्रभावशाली रहीं।
The glass techniques developed by the ancient Egyptians remained influential for centuries.
Historical impact of specific glass techniques.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— It is made of glass.
यह प्याला कांच का है। (Yah pyālā kāñch ka hai. - This cup is made of glass.)
— It is made of glass (feminine noun).
यह बोतल कांच की बनी है। (Yah botal kāñch ki banī hai. - This bottle is made of glass.)
— Careful, glass!
फर्श पर टूटे कांच थे, इसलिए मैंने कहा, 'सावधान, कांच!' (Farsh par ṭūṭe kāñch the, islie maine kahā, 'Sāvdhān, kāñch!' - There was broken glass on the floor, so I said, 'Careful, glass!')
— Glassware or glass items.
मुझे कांच का सामान खरीदना है। (Mujhe kāñch ka sāmān kharīdnā hai. - I need to buy glassware.)
— A piece of glass.
मुझे कांच का टुकड़ा चुभ गया। (Mujhe kāñch ka ṭukṛā chubh gayā. - A piece of glass pricked me.)
— Like glass (transparent, fragile).
उसका दिल कांच की तरह नाजुक है। (Uska dil kāñch ki tarah nāzuk hai. - His heart is fragile like glass.)
— Glass door.
ऑफिस का दरवाजा कांच का है। (Office ka darwāzā kāñch ka hai. - The office door is made of glass.)
— Glass table.
हमने एक नया कांच का टेबल खरीदा। (Hamne ek nayā kāñch ka ṭebal kharīdā. - We bought a new glass table.)
— Glass ornament/jewelry.
उसने कांच का हार पहना था। (Usne kāñch ka hār pahnā thā. - She wore a glass necklace.)
— Glass art.
वह कांच की कला में माहिर है। (Vah kāñch ki kalā mein māhir hai. - He is an expert in glass art.)
Often Confused With
'गिलास' specifically refers to a drinking vessel, which is often made of 'कांच' (glass). Confusing the material with the object is common for learners.
While 'शीशा' can also mean glass, it is more commonly used for mirrors or sheet glass. 'कांच' is the more general term for the material itself.
Plastic is a different material, often used as an alternative to glass for containers and windows, but it lacks the fragility and specific properties of glass.
Idioms & Expressions
— A very sensitive or easily hurt heart.
उसका दिल कांच का है, छोटी सी बात पर रो पड़ता है। (Uska dil kāñch ka hai, chhoṭī sī bāt par ro paṛtā hai. - His heart is like glass; he cries over small things.)
Figurative— Completely transparent, honest, and open; nothing to hide.
उसकी नीयत कांच की तरह पारदर्शी है, वह कभी झूठ नहीं बोलता। (Uskī nīyat kāñch ki tarah pāradarshī hai, vah kabhī jhūṭ nahīṁ boltā. - His intentions are transparent like glass; he never lies.)
Figurative— To break suddenly and completely, often implying a loss of hope or a shattered dream.
उसकी सारी उम्मीदें कांच की तरह टूट गईं जब उसे नौकरी नहीं मिली। (Uskī sāri ummīdeṁ kāñch ki tarah ṭūṭ gaīṁ jab use naukri nahīṁ milī. - All his hopes shattered like glass when he didn't get the job.)
Figurative— To shine brilliantly, to be very clean and polished.
उसने फर्श को कांच की तरह चमकाया। (Usne farsh ko kāñch ki tarah chamkāyā. - She polished the floor until it shone like glass.)
Figurative— A metaphorical barrier that is visible but can be broken through, often implying a lack of emotional connection or understanding.
उन दोनों के बीच एक कांच की दीवार आ गई थी। (Un donoṁ ke bīch ek kāñch ki dīwār ā gaī thī. - A glass wall had come between them.)
Figurative— A small, almost invisible mark or flaw on something that is otherwise perfect.
उसके चरित्र पर कोई कांच पर लकीर नहीं थी। (Uske charitra par koī kāñch par lakīr nahīṁ thī. - There was no flaw on his character like a scratch on glass.)
Figurative— Extremely clear, pure, or obvious.
उसकी गलती कांच की तरह साफ थी। (Uskī galtī kāñch ki tarah sāf thī. - His mistake was as clear as glass.)
Figurative— A metaphorical veil or barrier that is transparent but still separates things.
उसकी भावनाएं कांच के पर्दे के पीछे छिपी थीं। (Uskī bhāvnāeṁ kāñch ke parde ke pīchhe chhipī thīṁ. - Her emotions were hidden behind a glass curtain.)
Figurative— To be shattered, to be broken into many pieces (emotionally or physically).
उसकी बातें सुनकर मेरा दिल कांच का टुकड़ा बन गया। (Uskī bāteṁ sunkar merā dil kāñch ka ṭukṛā ban gayā. - Hearing her words, my heart shattered into pieces.)
Figurative— To scatter or fall apart completely, like shattered glass.
उसकी योजनाएं कांच की तरह बिखर गईं। (Uskī yojanāeṁ kāñch ki tarah bikhar gaīṁ. - His plans fell apart like shattered glass.)
FigurativeEasily Confused
Both words relate to drinking vessels or the material they are made from.
'कांच' (kāñch) is the material (glass). 'गिलास' (gilās) is the object, a drinking glass. You can have a 'कांच का गिलास' (a glass drinking glass) or a 'प्लास्टिक का गिलास' (a plastic drinking glass).
मुझे कांच का गिलास चाहिए, प्लास्टिक का नहीं। (Mujhe kāñch ka gilās chāhiye, plāstik ka nahīṁ. - I want a glass drinking glass, not a plastic one.)
Both are Hindi words for glass.
'कांच' (kāñch) is the most common and general term for the material glass. 'शीशा' (shīshā) is often used specifically for mirrors or for sheet glass, especially in automotive contexts. For general glassware, 'कांच' is preferred.
कार का शीशा टूट गया। (Kār ka shīshā ṭūṭ gayā. - The car's window/glass broke.) vs. यह कांच का फूलदान बहुत सुंदर है। (Yah kāñch ka phūldān bahut sundar hai. - This glass vase is very beautiful.)
Glass is typically transparent, so the adjective is closely associated with the noun.
'कांच' (kāñch) is the noun for the material. 'पारदर्शी' (pāradarshī) is an adjective meaning 'transparent', describing a quality that glass possesses.
यह कांच पारदर्शी है। (Yah kāñch pāradarshī hai. - This glass is transparent.)
Glass is characteristically brittle.
'कांच' (kāñch) is the material. 'भंगुर' (bhangur) is an adjective describing its property of being easily broken.
कांच बहुत भंगुर होता है। (Kāñch bahut bhangur hotā hai. - Glass is very brittle.)
Often used in combination with 'कांच' to mean 'glassware'.
'कांच' (kāñch) is the material. 'सामान' (sāmān) means 'goods', 'items', or 'stuff'. 'कांच का सामान' (kāñch ka sāmān) means 'glassware' or 'glass items'.
हमें कुछ कांच का सामान खरीदना है। (Hameṁ kuchh kāñch ka sāmān kharīdnā hai. - We need to buy some glassware.)
Sentence Patterns
यह + [Noun] + कांच का/की/के + है।
यह कांच का गिलास है। (Yah kāñch ka gilās hai.)
[Noun] + [Object] + कांच का/की/के + बना है।
खिड़की कांच की बनी है। (Khidki kāñch ki banī hai.)
मुझे + [Object] + कांच का/की/के + चाहिए।
मुझे कांच की बोतल चाहिए। (Mujhe kāñch ki botal chāhiye.)
सावधान, + कांच!
सावधान, कांच! (Sāvdhān, kāñch!)
[Subject] + [Object] + कांच का/की/के + [Verb].
बच्चे ने कांच तोड़ दिया। (Bachche ne kāñch toṛ diyā.)
यह + [Adjective] + कांच का/की/के + [Noun] + है।
यह नाजुक कांच का फूलदान है। (Yah nāzuk kāñch ka phūldān hai.)
[Context] + में + [Type of Glass] + का + उपयोग होता है।
वास्तुकला में सुरक्षा कांच का उपयोग होता है। (Vāstukalā mein surakshā kāñch ka upyog hotā hai.)
[Concept] + कांच की + [Quality] + के कारण + [Consequence].
कांच की भंगुरता के कारण यह अनुपयुक्त है। (Kāñch ki bhangurtā ke kāraṇ yah anupayukt hai.)
Word Family
Nouns
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Very High
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Using 'कांच' to refer to a drinking glass (गिलास).
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Use 'गिलास' for a drinking glass. Use 'कांच' for the material itself.
While a drinking glass is often made of glass, the specific word for the vessel is 'गिलास'. Saying 'मुझे कांच चाहिए' (I want glass) when you mean a drinking glass can be ambiguous.
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Incorrect gender agreement with 'का', 'की', 'के'. For example, saying 'कांच का बोतल'.
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The marker agrees with the following noun: 'कांच की बोतल'.
The possessive markers 'का', 'की', 'के' agree with the gender of the noun they modify. Since 'बोतल' (bottle) is feminine, 'की' is used.
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Assuming 'कांच' is always strong or durable.
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Acknowledge its fragility. Use words like 'नाजुक' (delicate) or 'भंगुर' (brittle).
Glass is inherently fragile. Describing it as strong without qualification is generally incorrect. Sentences should reflect its breakable nature.
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Using 'कांच' for other transparent materials like plastic.
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Use 'प्लास्टिक' for plastic. Use 'कांच' only for glass.
These are distinct materials. While they might serve similar functions (e.g., containers), their properties and names are different.
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Confusing 'कांच' (material) with 'शीशा' (mirror/sheet glass) in all contexts.
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Use 'कांच' for general glass material and 'शीशा' specifically for mirrors or sheet glass.
While there's overlap, 'कांच' is the broader term. Using 'शीशा' for everyday glassware might sound less natural than using 'कांच'.
Tips
Distinguish Material from Object
Remember that कांच is the material. If you're talking about a drinking vessel, use 'गिलास' (gilās). You can then specify it's made of glass: 'कांच का गिलास'.
Gender Agreement is Key
When using कांच possessively (e.g., 'of glass'), the marker (का, की, के) must agree with the gender of the noun that follows it, not with कांच itself.
Master the 'aa' and 'ch' sounds
Pay attention to the long 'aa' sound (like in 'father') and the 'ch' sound (like in 'church') in कांच (kāñch) to pronounce it correctly and be understood.
Acknowledge Fragility
कांच is inherently fragile. When talking about it, especially in descriptions or warnings, remember to use words like 'नाजुक' (delicate) or 'सावधान' (careful).
Common Household Word
कांच is a very common word you'll hear frequently when discussing everyday items like windows, bottles, and tableware.
Visual Association
Imagine a clear कांच window pane with sunlight streaming through. This visual can help you recall the word and its meaning.
Vs. Plastic
Understand the difference between कांच (glass) and 'प्लास्टिक' (plastic). While they can be used for similar items, they are distinct materials with different properties.
Figurative Meanings
Be aware that कांच is used metaphorically in idioms like 'कांच का दिल' (glass heart) to describe sensitivity.
Ancient Roots
The word कांच has ancient origins, likely from Sanskrit or Prakrit, reflecting its long-standing presence in the language family.
Use it in Sentences
The best way to learn is by using कांच in your own sentences. Try describing objects around you or making simple statements about its properties.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a 'couch' (sounds like 'kāñch') made entirely of clear, fragile glass. You'd have to be very careful sitting on it!
Visual Association
Picture a window pane ('कांच') with the sun shining through it, creating a bright, transparent effect.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to describe five common objects in your house that are made of 'कांच', focusing on their function and fragility.
Word Origin
The word 'कांच' (kāñch) likely originates from Sanskrit or Prakrit. The Sanskrit word for glass or crystal is 'स्फटिक' (sphatika), but 'कांच' seems to have evolved from a different root, possibly related to terms for brightness or transparency.
Original meaning: The precise original meaning is debated, but it's associated with transparency, luster, or a bright appearance.
Indo-Aryan (Indo-Iranian, Indo-European)Cultural Context
When discussing glass, especially broken glass, be mindful of safety. In contexts involving art or delicate items, emphasize the care required.
In English-speaking cultures, 'glass' is a fundamental material noun. Similar to Hindi, it's associated with transparency, fragility, and common objects like windows and containers. The concept of 'glassware' is also well-established.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Home and household items
- कांच का गिलास
- कांच की बोतल
- कांच की खिड़की
- कांच का आईना
Shopping for goods
- कांच का सामान
- यह कांच का है?
- सावधान, कांच!
Describing objects and materials
- कांच का बना है।
- नाजुक कांच
- रंगीन कांच
Actions involving glass
- कांच तोड़ना
- कांच साफ करना
- कांच उठाना
Figurative language
- कांच का दिल
- कांच की तरह पारदर्शी
- कांच की तरह टूटना
Conversation Starters
"What are some common items in your house made of glass?"
"Have you ever broken a glass item? How did you feel?"
"Do you prefer drinking from a glass or a plastic cup? Why?"
"What's the most beautiful glass object you've ever seen?"
"How important is transparency, like that of glass, in relationships?"
Journal Prompts
Describe your favorite piece of glassware and why you like it.
Reflect on a time when something fragile broke. What did you learn from the experience?
Imagine you could design a new object made of glass. What would it be and what special properties would it have?
Write about the role of transparency in your life. When is it good, and when can it be challenging?
Think about the different types of glass you encounter daily. How do they contribute to your comfort or safety?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions'कांच' (kāñch) refers to the material, glass. 'गिलास' (gilās) refers to a drinking vessel, which is often made of glass. So, you drink from a 'गिलास', and that 'गिलास' can be made of 'कांच'.
No, 'कांच' is specifically for glass. For plastic items, you would use the word 'प्लास्टिक' (plāstik).
You typically use the construction '[Noun] + का/की/के + कांच + है/हैं/था/थी/थे'. For example, 'यह कांच का गिलास है।' (This is a glass drinking glass.) or 'बोतल कांच की बनी है।' (The bottle is made of glass.) The marker (का, की, के) agrees with the gender and number of the noun that follows.
'कांच' is generally treated as an uncountable noun when referring to the material itself, similar to 'water' or 'wood' in English. However, if you are referring to individual pieces or types of glass, the context might imply plurality.
'कांच का दिल' (kāñch ka dil) is an idiom that means 'a heart like glass'. It refers to someone who is very sensitive, easily hurt, or emotional.
Yes, 'शीशा' (shīshā) can also mean glass, but it's more commonly used for mirrors or sheet glass, particularly in automotive contexts. 'कांच' is the most versatile and common term for the material.
It is pronounced 'kāñch'. The 'aa' is a long 'a' sound like in 'father', and 'ch' is like the 'ch' in 'church'. The stress is on the first syllable: KAA-nch.
Common objects include windows, bottles, drinking glasses, mirrors, vases, bowls, cups, picture frames, and decorative items.
'कांच' is considered a fragile or brittle material because it breaks easily. Sentences often reflect this, describing it as 'नाजुक' (delicate) or 'भंगुर' (brittle).
Yes, 'कांच' is widely used in art, referring to stained glass, glass sculptures, decorative ornaments, and other artistic creations. Terms like 'रंगीन कांच' (colored glass) and 'कांच की कला' (glass art) are common.
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Summary
Kāñch is the Hindi word for glass, a common yet fragile material essential for many everyday items like windows, bottles, and drinking glasses. Always remember its breakable nature when discussing or handling it.
- Kāñch is Hindi for glass, a fragile material.
- Used for windows, bottles, mirrors, and glassware.
- Handle with care due to its breakable nature.
Distinguish Material from Object
Remember that कांच is the material. If you're talking about a drinking vessel, use 'गिलास' (gilās). You can then specify it's made of glass: 'कांच का गिलास'.
Gender Agreement is Key
When using कांच possessively (e.g., 'of glass'), the marker (का, की, के) must agree with the gender of the noun that follows it, not with कांच itself.
Master the 'aa' and 'ch' sounds
Pay attention to the long 'aa' sound (like in 'father') and the 'ch' sound (like in 'church') in कांच (kāñch) to pronounce it correctly and be understood.
Acknowledge Fragility
कांच is inherently fragile. When talking about it, especially in descriptions or warnings, remember to use words like 'नाजुक' (delicate) or 'सावधान' (careful).
Example
कांच का गिलास आसानी से टूट जाता है।
Related Content
More shopping words
खाता
A1A 'khātā' refers to a formal record of financial transactions, such as a bank account or a merchant's ledger. It is commonly used when discussing banking, personal savings, or maintaining credit with a local shopkeeper.
टोकरी
A1A basket used for holding or carrying items, typically made of interwoven strips of cane, bamboo, wood, or plastic. It is a common household and marketplace object used for storing fruits, vegetables, or flowers.
बिलिंग
A1Billing refers to the process of preparing and sending an invoice or a statement of charges to a customer for goods or services provided. In a shopping context, it typically occurs at a specific counter where the total cost is calculated and paid.
ब्रांड
A1A brand refers to a specific name, logo, or design that identifies a company's products and sets them apart from competitors. In Hindi, it is commonly used to discuss labels or famous product names during shopping.
कार्ड
A1A 'card' (कार्ड) in a shopping context primarily refers to a plastic payment card such as a credit or debit card used to make purchases. It can also refer to a greeting card or an identification card depending on the situation.
नकद
A1Cash refers to money in the form of physical currency, such as banknotes and coins. In commerce, it signifies an immediate payment made at the time of purchase rather than using credit or installments.
रंग
A1Rang refers to color or hue, used to describe the appearance of objects based on the light they reflect. In a shopping context, it is a primary descriptor used for choosing clothing, accessories, or home decor items.
काउंटर
A1A counter is a long, flat surface in a store, bank, or restaurant where goods or services are provided and transactions are made. In Hindi, it is a commonly used loanword from English to describe service desks or payment points.
उधार
A1Udhaar refers to credit or a loan, specifically the act of borrowing or lending money or goods with the intention of paying back later. In a shopping context, it signifies buying items now and settling the bill at a future date.
ग्राहक
A1A person who buys goods or services from a shop, business, or service provider. It is the standard term for a customer or buyer in both casual and commercial settings.
