स्टॉक
स्टॉक in 30 Seconds
- Goods available for sale.
- Inventory in a shop or warehouse.
- Shares in a financial market.
- An English loanword widely used in Hindi.
The Hindi word स्टॉक (pronounced 'stock') is a direct loanword from English, deeply integrated into everyday Hindi vocabulary. It primarily refers to the supply of goods, merchandise, or inventory kept by a business for sale. You will hear this word constantly in markets, shops, and business discussions across India.
- Business Context
- Used to describe the available inventory in a shop. If a shopkeeper says 'स्टॉक खत्म हो गया' (Stock khatam ho gaya), it means they are out of stock.
- Financial Context
- Refers to shares in a company, just like in English. 'स्टॉक मार्केट' (Stock market) is a very common phrase.
- Household Context
- Sometimes used informally to refer to a supply of groceries or essentials at home.
दुकानदार ने कहा कि नया स्टॉक कल आएगा।
हमारे पास इस शर्ट का स्टॉक नहीं है।
उसने सारा स्टॉक बेच दिया।
गोदाम में बहुत स्टॉक रखा है।
क्या आपके पास और स्टॉक है?
Using 'स्टॉक' in Hindi sentences is straightforward because it functions exactly like a standard masculine noun. It is often paired with verbs like 'आना' (to arrive), 'खत्म होना' (to finish/run out), 'रखना' (to keep), and 'बेचना' (to sell).
- With Adjectives
- Since it is masculine, adjectives describing it must be in their masculine form. Example: 'पुराना स्टॉक' (old stock), 'नया स्टॉक' (new stock), 'सारा स्टॉक' (all stock).
- With Postpositions
- When followed by a postposition like 'में' (in) or 'का' (of), it remains 'स्टॉक'. Example: 'स्टॉक में' (in stock), 'स्टॉक का हिस्सा' (part of the stock).
- Common Verb Pairings
- 'स्टॉक चेक करना' (to check stock), 'स्टॉक मंगाना' (to order stock), 'स्टॉक क्लियर करना' (to clear stock).
मुझे अपना स्टॉक अपडेट करना है।
त्यौहारों के लिए स्टॉक तैयार है।
यह आइटम अभी स्टॉक में नहीं है।
क्या हम नया स्टॉक ऑर्डर करें?
पुराना स्टॉक सस्ते में बिक रहा है।
You will encounter the word 'स्टॉक' in almost every commercial and retail environment in India. It is a universal term understood by everyone from street vendors to corporate executives.
- Retail Shops
- Clothing stores, electronics shops, and grocery stores use this word constantly to manage customer expectations about product availability.
- E-commerce
- Online shopping platforms in India often display 'आउट ऑफ स्टॉक' (Out of stock) or 'स्टॉक में' (In stock) directly transliterated into Hindi script.
- News and Media
- Financial news channels frequently discuss the 'स्टॉक मार्केट' (Stock market), analyzing shares and market trends.
माफ़ कीजिए, यह जूता स्टॉक से बाहर है।
बाज़ार में सब्जियों का स्टॉक कम है।
आज स्टॉक मार्केट गिर गया।
कंपनी ने अपना सारा स्टॉक वापस मंगा लिया।
हमेशा अतिरिक्त स्टॉक रखना चाहिए।
While 'स्टॉक' is an easy word to adopt, learners sometimes make minor grammatical errors when integrating this English loanword into Hindi sentence structures.
- Gender Confusion
- Mistake: Treating 'स्टॉक' as feminine (e.g., 'नई स्टॉक'). Correction: Always treat it as masculine ('नया स्टॉक').
- Pluralization
- Mistake: Trying to add Hindi plural suffixes like 'स्टॉकों' in simple contexts. Correction: 'स्टॉक' is usually used as a mass noun. 'बहुत सारा स्टॉक' (a lot of stock) is better than pluralizing the word itself, unless referring to multiple financial stocks ('स्टॉक्स').
- Verb Agreement
- Mistake: 'स्टॉक आ गई' (Stock has arrived - feminine verb). Correction: 'स्टॉक आ गया' (masculine verb).
❌ गलत: मेरी दुकान की स्टॉक खत्म हो गई।
✅ सही: मेरी दुकान का स्टॉक खत्म हो गया।
❌ गलत: नई स्टॉक कब आएगी?
✅ सही: नया स्टॉक कब आएगा?
✅ सही: हमारे पास पर्याप्त स्टॉक है।
While 'स्टॉक' is the most common term used in daily life, Hindi has several native words that convey similar meanings depending on the exact context. Knowing these will enrich your vocabulary and help you understand more formal or traditional Hindi.
- भंडार (Bhandar)
- This is the formal Hindi word for storehouse, repository, or stock. It is often used in a broader sense, like 'ज्ञान का भंडार' (stock/wealth of knowledge).
- माल (Maal)
- A very informal and common word meaning 'goods' or 'stuff'. Shopkeepers often say 'माल खत्म हो गया' (The goods are finished) instead of 'स्टॉक खत्म हो गया'.
- सामग्री (Samagri)
- Means materials, ingredients, or items. Used more for components or specific items needed for a task rather than commercial inventory.
दुकान में माल नहीं है।
अनाज का भंडार भरा हुआ है।
पूजा की सामग्री ले आओ।
गोदाम में स्टॉक सुरक्षित है।
हमें अपना संचय बढ़ाना होगा।
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
In many rural parts of North India, you might hear the word pronounced as 'इस्टॉक' (is-tock). This happens because Hindi phonotactics traditionally do not favor starting words with a consonant cluster like 'st-'. To make it easier to say, speakers naturally add a short 'i' sound at the beginning.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 't' as a hard English alveolar 't' instead of the softer Indian dental 't' (ट).
- Adding a vowel sound before the 's', pronouncing it as 'is-tock' (इस्टॉक), which is a common regional accent variation in parts of North India.
- Confusing it with 'स्टाफ' (staff) due to the similar starting sound.
- Pronouncing the 'o' as a long 'oh' (स्टोक - stoke) instead of a short 'o' (स्टॉक - stock).
- Failing to aspirate the 'k' slightly at the end.
Difficulty Rating
Very easy to read if you know the Devanagari script, as it sounds exactly like the English word.
Requires knowing how to write the half 's' (स्) and the 'aw' vowel sound modifier (ॉ) in Devanagari: स्ट + ॉ + क = स्टॉक.
Pronunciation is identical to the English word, making it effortless for English speakers.
Easily recognizable in spoken Hindi due to its English origin.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Noun Gender Agreement
नया स्टॉक (New stock - Masculine) vs. नई किताब (New book - Feminine). Since 'स्टॉक' is masculine, adjectives modifying it must be in their masculine form (ending in -आ / -a).
Compound Verbs with Loanwords
स्टॉक चेक करना (To check stock). Hindi frequently pairs English nouns with the Hindi verb 'करना' (to do) to create new verbs.
Postpositions
स्टॉक में (In stock). Postpositions in Hindi come after the noun, unlike English prepositions which come before.
Ergative Case (ने)
दुकानदार ने स्टॉक मंगाया (The shopkeeper ordered stock). In the perfect tense with a transitive verb (मंगाना), the subject takes the 'ने' marker.
Expressing Availability
स्टॉक खत्म हो गया (Stock is finished). Hindi often uses the verb 'खत्म होना' (to become finished) rather than 'to run out of' to express depletion.
Examples by Level
दुकान में स्टॉक है।
There is stock in the shop.
Simple sentence using 'में' (in) and 'है' (is).
स्टॉक नहीं है।
There is no stock.
Negative sentence using 'नहीं' (not).
नया स्टॉक।
New stock.
Adjective 'नया' (new) agrees with masculine noun 'स्टॉक'.
स्टॉक खत्म।
Stock finished.
Short phrase commonly used in informal speech.
यह स्टॉक में है।
This is in stock.
Using 'में' (in) to indicate availability.
स्टॉक कहाँ है?
Where is the stock?
Question word 'कहाँ' (where).
बहुत स्टॉक है।
There is a lot of stock.
Using 'बहुत' (a lot/very) as a quantifier.
अच्छा स्टॉक।
Good stock.
Adjective 'अच्छा' (good) modifying the noun.
नया स्टॉक कल आएगा।
The new stock will arrive tomorrow.
Future tense verb 'आएगा' (will come).
सारा स्टॉक खत्म हो गया।
All the stock is finished.
Compound verb 'खत्म हो गया' (became finished).
क्या आपके पास स्टॉक है?
Do you have stock?
Question using 'क्या... पास है?' (Do... have?).
मुझे और स्टॉक चाहिए।
I need more stock.
Using 'चाहिए' (need/want) with 'मुझे' (to me).
स्टॉक चेक करो।
Check the stock.
Imperative verb 'करो' (do).
पुराना स्टॉक सस्ता है।
The old stock is cheap.
Adjective 'सस्ता' (cheap).
स्टॉक रूम में जाओ।
Go to the stock room.
Using English compound 'stock room' in Hindi.
हमारे पास कम स्टॉक है।
We have low stock.
Using 'कम' (less/low) as an adjective.
दुकानदार ने नया स्टॉक मंगाया है।
The shopkeeper has ordered new stock.
Present perfect tense with 'ने' (ergative marker).
त्यौहार के कारण स्टॉक जल्दी बिक गया।
Due to the festival, the stock sold out quickly.
Using 'के कारण' (due to) and compound verb 'बिक गया'.
हमें स्टॉक अपडेट करना होगा।
We will have to update the stock.
Compulsion using 'करना होगा' (will have to do).
स्टॉक मार्केट आज ऊपर गया है।
The stock market has gone up today.
Using 'स्टॉक मार्केट' as a subject.
इस आइटम का स्टॉक हमेशा रहता है।
The stock of this item is always there.
Habitual present tense 'रहता है'.
बिना स्टॉक के हम व्यापार कैसे करेंगे?
How will we do business without stock?
Using 'के बिना' (without).
उन्होंने सारा पुराना स्टॉक क्लियर कर दिया।
They cleared all the old stock.
Using English verb 'clear' with Hindi auxiliary 'कर दिया'.
क्या ऑनलाइन स्टॉक उपलब्ध है?
Is the stock available online?
Formal word 'उपलब्ध' (available).
सप्लाई चेन की समस्या के कारण स्टॉक कम है।
Stock is low due to supply chain issues.
Complex sentence with causal phrase.
निवेशकों ने स्टॉक मार्केट में पैसा लगाया।
Investors put money in the stock market.
Using 'निवेशक' (investor) and 'पैसा लगाना' (to invest).
हमें अगले महीने के लिए पर्याप्त स्टॉक सुरक्षित रखना चाहिए।
We should keep enough stock secured for the next month.
Using 'चाहिए' for recommendation and 'पर्याप्त' (enough).
कंपनी का स्टॉक मूल्य लगातार गिर रहा है।
The company's stock price is continuously falling.
Present continuous tense 'गिर रहा है'.
अतिरिक्त स्टॉक रखने से नुकसान हो सकता है।
Keeping extra stock can cause a loss.
Using gerund 'रखने से' (by keeping).
मांग बढ़ने पर स्टॉक की कमी महसूस की गई।
A shortage of stock was felt when demand increased.
Passive voice 'महसूस की गई' (was felt).
उन्होंने स्टॉक क्लीयरेंस सेल की घोषणा की है।
They have announced a stock clearance sale.
Using 'घोषणा की है' (has announced).
गोदाम में स्टॉक का सही प्रबंधन आवश्यक है।
Proper management of stock in the warehouse is essential.
Formal vocabulary 'प्रबंधन' (management) and 'आवश्यक' (essential).
वैश्विक महामारी ने वैश्विक स्टॉक आपूर्ति को बुरी तरह प्रभावित किया।
The global pandemic severely affected the global stock supply.
Advanced vocabulary 'वैश्विक' (global), 'आपूर्ति' (supply), 'प्रभावित' (affected).
स्टॉक मार्केट में उतार-चढ़ाव अर्थव्यवस्था की स्थिति को दर्शाता है।
Fluctuations in the stock market reflect the state of the economy.
Using 'उतार-चढ़ाव' (fluctuations) and 'दर्शाता है' (reflects).
कंपनी ने अपने अधिशेष स्टॉक को रियायती दरों पर निकालने का निर्णय लिया।
The company decided to clear its surplus stock at discounted rates.
Formal terms 'अधिशेष' (surplus) and 'रियायती दरों' (discounted rates).
सटीक स्टॉक पूर्वानुमान से इन्वेंट्री लागत को कम किया जा सकता है।
Inventory costs can be reduced through accurate stock forecasting.
Passive construction 'कम किया जा सकता है' (can be reduced).
उन्होंने ब्लू-चिप स्टॉक्स में निवेश करके अपने पोर्टफोलियो को विविधता प्रदान की।
They diversified their portfolio by investing in blue-chip stocks.
Financial jargon 'ब्लू-चिप स्टॉक्स' and 'विविधता' (diversity).
स्टॉक की कमी के कारण उत्पादन प्रक्रिया को अस्थायी रूप से रोकना पड़ा।
The production process had to be temporarily halted due to a lack of stock.
Compulsion in the past 'रोकना पड़ा' (had to stop).
खुदरा विक्रेताओं को स्टॉक टर्नओवर अनुपात पर कड़ी नज़र रखनी चाहिए।
Retailers should keep a close eye on the stock turnover ratio.
Business terminology 'स्टॉक टर्नओवर अनुपात' (stock turnover ratio).
आपातकालीन स्थिति से निपटने के लिए बफर स्टॉक बनाए रखना रणनीतिक रूप से महत्वपूर्ण है।
Maintaining a buffer stock is strategically important to deal with emergency situations.
Advanced phrasing 'रणनीतिक रूप से महत्वपूर्ण' (strategically important).
आपूर्ति श्रृंखला के व्यवधानों ने 'जस्ट-इन-टाइम' स्टॉक मॉडल की कमजोरियों को उजागर कर दिया है।
Supply chain disruptions have exposed the vulnerabilities of the 'just-in-time' stock model.
Highly formal academic vocabulary 'व्यवधानों' (disruptions), 'उजागर' (exposed).
संस्थागत निवेशकों ने बाजार की अस्थिरता को देखते हुए अपने स्टॉक पोर्टफोलियो का पुनर्मूल्यांकन किया।
Institutional investors re-evaluated their stock portfolios in light of market volatility.
Complex financial terminology 'संस्थागत निवेशक' (institutional investors), 'पुनर्मूल्यांकन' (re-evaluation).
स्टॉक ऑप्शंस को कर्मचारी क्षतिपूर्ति पैकेज के एक आकर्षक घटक के रूप में तेजी से अपनाया जा रहा है।
Stock options are increasingly being adopted as an attractive component of employee compensation packages.
Passive continuous 'अपनाया जा रहा है' (is being adopted).
कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता का उपयोग अब स्टॉक मार्केट के रुझानों की भविष्यवाणी करने और एल्गोरिदमिक ट्रेडिंग को अनुकूलित करने के लिए किया जा रहा है।
Artificial intelligence is now being used to predict stock market trends and optimize algorithmic trading.
Technical jargon 'कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता' (AI), 'अनुकूलित' (optimize).
कंपनी के अप्रत्याशित दिवालियापन ने उसके स्टॉक को रातों-रात मूल्यहीन बना दिया, जिससे शेयरधारकों को भारी नुकसान हुआ।
The company's unexpected bankruptcy rendered its stock worthless overnight, causing massive losses to shareholders.
Advanced narrative structure with 'जिससे' (due to which).
इन्वेंट्री प्रबंधन में ब्लॉकचेन तकनीक का एकीकरण स्टॉक की प्रामाणिकता और ट्रैसेबिलिटी सुनिश्चित करने का एक अभिनव तरीका है।
The integration of blockchain technology in inventory management is an innovative way to ensure stock authenticity and traceability.
Cutting-edge technical vocabulary 'एकीकरण' (integration), 'प्रामाणिकता' (authenticity).
मैक्रोइकॉनॉमिक संकेतक अक्सर स्टॉक मार्केट के प्रदर्शन के लिए एक प्रमुख संकेतक के रूप में कार्य करते हैं, जो मौद्रिक नीति निर्णयों को प्रभावित करते हैं।
Macroeconomic indicators often serve as a leading indicator for stock market performance, influencing monetary policy decisions.
Economic terminology 'मैक्रोइकॉनॉमिक संकेतक' (macroeconomic indicators), 'मौद्रिक नीति' (monetary policy).
अतिरिक्त स्टॉक के संचय को रोकने के लिए, कंपनियों को मांग पूर्वानुमान मॉडल में परिष्कृत डेटा एनालिटिक्स को शामिल करना चाहिए।
To prevent the accumulation of excess stock, companies must incorporate sophisticated data analytics into demand forecasting models.
Formal business strategy phrasing 'परिष्कृत' (sophisticated), 'संचय' (accumulation).
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— Directly borrowed from English, meaning unavailable. Widely understood in India.
यह फोन अभी आउट ऑफ स्टॉक है। (This phone is currently out of stock.)
— The stock is finished/depleted. The most common Hindi way to say 'out of stock'.
कल ही सारा स्टॉक खत्म हो गया। (All the stock finished just yesterday.)
— It is available in the inventory.
हाँ, यह शर्ट स्टॉक में है। (Yes, this shirt is in stock.)
— The arrival of fresh inventory.
दिवाली पर नया स्टॉक आता है। (New stock arrives on Diwali.)
— To clear out or sell off inventory, often at a discount.
दुकानदार पुराना स्टॉक निकाल रहा है। (The shopkeeper is clearing out the old stock.)
— To maintain an inventory of a particular item.
हम इस ब्रांड का स्टॉक नहीं रखते। (We don't keep stock of this brand.)
— To hoard or accumulate inventory.
कुछ लोग संकट के समय स्टॉक जमा करते हैं। (Some people hoard stock during a crisis.)
— A shortage of inventory.
बाज़ार में स्टॉक की कमी है। (There is a shortage of stock in the market.)
— To refresh or recount the inventory list.
सिस्टम में स्टॉक अपडेट कर दो। (Update the stock in the system.)
— Refers to the financial stock market dropping in value.
आज कंपनी का स्टॉक गिर गया। (The company's stock fell today.)
Often Confused With
Both are English loanwords starting with 'स्ट' (st). 'स्टॉक' means inventory, while 'स्टाफ' means employees.
'माल' is a native Hindi/Urdu word meaning goods. It is often used interchangeably with 'स्टॉक' in informal settings, but 'स्टॉक' is preferred in formal retail.
'भंडार' is the formal Hindi word for stock/storehouse. It is rarely used in modern retail (where 'स्टॉक' is used) but is common in literature or formal writing.
Idioms & Expressions
— Slang. To make a lot of money or profit, often by selling stock quickly.
त्यौहारों के सीज़न में दुकानदारों ने खूब माल काटा। (Shopkeepers made a lot of profit during the festive season.)
Slang— To have an abundance of something; to fill one's stores.
ईश्वर तुम्हारा भंडार भरे। (May God fill your stores/bless you with abundance.)
Formal/Blessing— To sell stock at a very cheap price, almost for nothing.
मजबूरी में उसे अपना सारा स्टॉक कौड़ियों के भाव बेचना पड़ा। (In desperation, he had to sell all his stock for pennies.)
Idiomatic— For stock to sell out instantly or very quickly.
नया फोन आते ही हाथों-हाथ बिक गया। (As soon as the new phone arrived, it sold out instantly.)
Idiomatic— For stock to remain unsold and gather dust.
उसका पुराना स्टॉक गोदाम में धूल फांक रहा है। (His old stock is gathering dust in the warehouse.)
Idiomatic— A booming market where stock is selling fast.
शादियों के सीज़न में कपड़ों का बाज़ार गर्म रहता है। (The clothing market is booming during the wedding season.)
Idiomatic— To put something (like old stock or a plan) away and forget about it.
यह प्रोजेक्ट अब ठंडे बस्ते में चला गया है। (This project has now gone into cold storage.)
Idiomatic— To fill one's safe; making a lot of money from selling stock.
इस साल की सेल ने मालिक की तिजोरी भर दी। (This year's sale filled the owner's safe.)
Idiomatic— Unwanted stock that one is forced to keep or deal with.
यह खराब स्टॉक मेरे गले पड़ गया है। (This bad stock has become a burden on me.)
Idiomatic— To close the shop for the day, or permanently close the business and liquidate stock.
रात हो गई है, अब दुकान बढ़ाओ। (It is night, now close the shop.)
IdiomaticEasily Confused
Similar pronunciation, both are English loanwords common in business.
'स्टॉक' refers to the products a business sells. 'स्टाफ' refers to the people who work at the business.
दुकान में स्टॉक खत्म है, और स्टाफ छुट्टी पर है। (The stock in the shop is finished, and the staff is on leave.)
In financial contexts, 'stock' and 'share' are often used interchangeably.
In Hindi, 'शेयर' is more commonly used for individual units of ownership in a company, while 'स्टॉक मार्केट' is the general term for the market itself. For physical inventory, only 'स्टॉक' is used, never 'शेयर'.
मैंने कंपनी के शेयर खरीदे, जो स्टॉक मार्केट में लिस्टेड हैं। (I bought shares of the company, which are listed on the stock market.)
Both refer to items or things.
'सामान' is a general word for luggage, stuff, or items. 'स्टॉक' specifically refers to commercial inventory meant for sale.
मेरा सामान गाड़ी में है, और दुकान का स्टॉक गोदाम में है। (My luggage is in the car, and the shop's stock is in the warehouse.)
Related concepts. Stock is kept in a godown.
'गोदाम' is the physical place (warehouse). 'स्टॉक' is the items inside that place.
सारा स्टॉक गोदाम में रखा है। (All the stock is kept in the warehouse.)
Exact synonyms in English business terminology.
'स्टॉक' is the common, everyday word used by everyone. 'इन्वेंट्री' is a highly formal business term used mostly in corporate or software contexts in India.
सॉफ्टवेयर में इन्वेंट्री अपडेट करो, क्योंकि नया स्टॉक आ गया है। (Update the inventory in the software, because new stock has arrived.)
Sentence Patterns
[Item] का स्टॉक है?
जूतों का स्टॉक है? (Is there stock of shoes?)
स्टॉक खत्म हो गया।
चीनी का स्टॉक खत्म हो गया। (The stock of sugar is finished.)
नया स्टॉक [Time] आएगा।
नया स्टॉक कल आएगा। (New stock will arrive tomorrow.)
यह [Item] स्टॉक में नहीं है।
यह फोन स्टॉक में नहीं है। (This phone is not in stock.)
मुझे [Item] का स्टॉक चेक करने दीजिए।
मुझे शर्ट का स्टॉक चेक करने दीजिए। (Let me check the stock of the shirt.)
त्यौहार के लिए स्टॉक मंगा लिया है।
दिवाली के लिए स्टॉक मंगा लिया है। (Stock has been ordered for Diwali.)
स्टॉक की कमी के कारण...
स्टॉक की कमी के कारण दाम बढ़ गए। (Prices increased due to a shortage of stock.)
अतिरिक्त स्टॉक को निकालने के लिए...
अतिरिक्त स्टॉक को निकालने के लिए सेल लगाई गई है। (A sale has been put up to clear the excess stock.)
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Extremely High. It is one of the most commonly used English loanwords in daily Hindi conversation.
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Saying 'नई स्टॉक' (Nayi stock) instead of 'नया स्टॉक' (Naya stock).
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नया स्टॉक (Naya stock)
Learners often guess the gender of English loanwords incorrectly. 'स्टॉक' is a masculine noun in Hindi, so adjectives modifying it must be in the masculine form (ending in -आ).
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Saying 'स्टॉक आ गई' (Stock aa gayi) instead of 'स्टॉक आ गया' (Stock aa gaya).
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स्टॉक आ गया (Stock aa gaya)
Because 'स्टॉक' is masculine, the verb must also agree with the masculine gender. 'आ गया' is the masculine form of 'has arrived', while 'आ गई' is feminine.
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Trying to pluralize it as 'स्टॉकों' (Stockon) when talking about inventory.
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बहुत सारा स्टॉक (Bahut saara stock)
When referring to physical inventory, 'स्टॉक' is used as an uncountable mass noun. You don't pluralize the word itself; instead, you use quantifiers like 'बहुत सारा' (a lot of).
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Using the formal word 'भंडार' (Bhandar) in a casual shopping context.
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स्टॉक (Stock)
While 'भंडार' technically means stock/store, using it in a retail shop sounds unnaturally formal or archaic. Native speakers almost exclusively use the English loanword 'स्टॉक' in daily life.
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Confusing 'स्टॉक' (Stock) with 'स्टाफ' (Staff).
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स्टॉक (Inventory) / स्टाफ (Employees)
Because both are English loanwords starting with the 'st' sound, beginners sometimes mix them up. Remember: Stock is the products, Staff are the people.
Tips
Masculine Noun
Always remember that 'स्टॉक' is masculine. Say 'नया स्टॉक' (new stock), never 'नई स्टॉक'. This is a common mistake for beginners trying to guess the gender of English loanwords.
Use it Confidently
Don't hesitate to use the English word 'stock' while speaking Hindi. It is not considered 'breaking' into English; it is the standard vocabulary word for inventory in modern Hindi.
Listen for 'Khatam'
When shopping, the phrase you will hear most often is 'स्टॉक खत्म' (Stock khatam - Stock finished). Train your ears to catch this phrase to avoid disappointment!
Pair with 'Karna'
To turn the noun 'stock' into a verb meaning 'to check stock', simply add the Hindi verb 'करना' (to do). 'स्टॉक चेक करना' means 'to check the stock'.
Bargaining Context
If a shopkeeper says 'पुराना स्टॉक है' (It is old stock), it is your cue to ask for a discount! Old stock is usually sold at a lower price in Indian markets.
The Crescent Moon
When writing 'स्टॉक' in Hindi (Devanagari), don't forget the crescent moon symbol (ॉ) over the 'टा'. It ensures the 'o' is pronounced correctly like in 'stock', not like the 'a' in 'star'.
Maal vs. Stock
If you are buying vegetables from a street vendor, they might use the word 'माल' (goods). If you are in a modern clothing store, they will use 'स्टॉक'. Both mean the same thing.
Stock Market
If you want to talk about finance, 'स्टॉक मार्केट' is perfectly acceptable, though 'शेयर बाज़ार' (Share Bazaar) is also very popular. Both are used interchangeably on news channels.
Asking for Availability
The most natural way to ask if a store has an item is 'क्या यह स्टॉक में है?' (Is this in stock?). It is a direct translation of the English phrase and works perfectly.
Soft 'T'
To sound more like a native speaker, pronounce the 't' in 'stock' softly, touching your tongue to the back of your teeth, rather than the hard English 't' sound.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of a shopkeeper who is in SHOCK because his STOCK is completely empty. 'Shock' and 'Stock' rhyme in Hindi just like in English.
Visual Association
Visualize a large cardboard box in a warehouse with the word 'STOCK' stamped on it in big, bold Hindi letters: 'स्टॉक'. Imagine opening it to find it full of your favorite items.
Word Web
Challenge
Next time you go to an Indian grocery store or a shop, ask the shopkeeper, 'क्या इसका नया स्टॉक आया है?' (Has the new stock for this arrived?). Notice how naturally they respond using the same word.
Word Origin
The word 'स्टॉक' is a direct borrowing from the English word 'stock'. It entered the Hindi lexicon during the British colonial period when English commercial and administrative terms were introduced to the Indian subcontinent. Over decades of trade and retail development, it became the standard term for inventory, largely replacing native words in everyday urban commerce.
Original meaning: In Old English, 'stocc' meant a tree trunk or log. The meaning evolved to refer to a fund or store of money or goods, and eventually to the inventory of a business.
Indo-European > Germanic > West Germanic > English (borrowed into Indo-Aryan > Hindi).Cultural Context
There are no cultural sensitivities or offensive connotations associated with the word 'स्टॉक'. It is a neutral, professional, and everyday commercial term.
English speakers will find this word incredibly easy as it is a direct loanword. However, they should be aware that in India, 'stock' is used much more frequently in casual retail settings than in the West, where people might say 'Do you have this in the back?' In India, asking 'Is this in stock?' (क्या यह स्टॉक में है?) is the standard phrasing.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Shopping for clothes or electronics.
- क्या यह स्टॉक में है? (Is this in stock?)
- नया स्टॉक कब आएगा? (When will new stock arrive?)
- मेरा साइज़ स्टॉक में नहीं है। (My size is not in stock.)
- स्टॉक चेक कर लीजिए। (Please check the stock.)
Business and Retail Management.
- स्टॉक खत्म हो गया है। (The stock is finished.)
- हमें स्टॉक मंगाना है। (We need to order stock.)
- गोदाम में स्टॉक रखो। (Keep the stock in the warehouse.)
- स्टॉक क्लीयरेंस सेल। (Stock clearance sale.)
Financial Discussions.
- स्टॉक मार्केट कैसा है? (How is the stock market?)
- स्टॉक के दाम गिर गए। (Stock prices fell.)
- मैंने स्टॉक्स में निवेश किया है। (I have invested in stocks.)
- यह एक अच्छा स्टॉक है। (This is a good stock.)
Online Shopping.
- आउट ऑफ स्टॉक (Out of stock)
- इन स्टॉक (In stock)
- स्टॉक में केवल 2 बचे हैं। (Only 2 left in stock.)
- स्टॉक वापस आने पर मुझे बताएं। (Notify me when back in stock.)
Grocery Shopping.
- चीनी का स्टॉक खत्म है। (The stock of sugar is finished.)
- ताज़ा स्टॉक आया है। (Fresh stock has arrived.)
- पीछे से स्टॉक ले आओ। (Bring stock from the back.)
- महीने भर का स्टॉक। (A month's stock.)
Conversation Starters
"भैया, इस जूते का नया स्टॉक कब तक आएगा?"
"सुना है आज स्टॉक मार्केट बहुत ऊपर गया है, क्या आपने निवेश किया है?"
"दिवाली आ रही है, क्या आपने अपनी दुकान के लिए नया स्टॉक मंगा लिया?"
"माफ़ कीजिए, क्या आपके पास इस किताब का स्टॉक है?"
"ऑनलाइन तो यह आउट ऑफ स्टॉक दिखा रहा है, क्या दुकान में मिलेगा?"
Journal Prompts
Write about a time you wanted to buy something badly, but it was 'आउट ऑफ स्टॉक' (out of stock).
Describe the process a shopkeeper goes through to order 'नया स्टॉक' (new stock) for a festival.
Write a short dialogue between a customer and a shopkeeper asking to check the 'स्टॉक' for a specific shirt size.
Explain the difference between 'स्टॉक' (inventory) and 'स्टॉक मार्केट' (financial stocks) in simple Hindi.
Imagine you own a store. Write a list of items you need to keep in 'स्टॉक' for the summer season.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsNo, it is a direct loanword from the English word 'stock'. However, it has been completely assimilated into the Hindi language and is understood by almost all Hindi speakers, making it a functional part of the modern Hindi vocabulary.
It is treated as a masculine noun. Therefore, adjectives and verbs associated with it must take the masculine form. For example, you say 'नया स्टॉक' (naya stock - new stock) and 'स्टॉक आ गया' (stock aa gaya - stock has arrived).
The most natural and common way to say this is 'स्टॉक खत्म हो गया है' (Stock khatam ho gaya hai), which literally translates to 'The stock has finished'. You can also simply say 'आउट ऑफ स्टॉक' as the English phrase is widely understood.
Yes, absolutely. Just like in English, 'स्टॉक' is used to refer to financial shares. The phrase 'स्टॉक मार्केट' (Stock Market) is used exactly as it is in English, alongside the Hindi equivalent 'शेयर बाज़ार' (Share Bazaar).
'माल' (maal) is a native word meaning 'goods' or 'stuff'. It is very informal and commonly used in street markets. 'स्टॉक' is slightly more formal and is the standard term used in retail shops, malls, and business discussions.
It is written as 'स्टॉक'. It uses a half 's' (स्) joined to a 't' (ट), followed by the 'aw' vowel modifier (ॉ) and a 'k' (क).
Usually, no. When referring to physical inventory, 'स्टॉक' acts as an uncountable mass noun. You say 'बहुत सारा स्टॉक' (a lot of stock) rather than trying to make the word itself plural. However, in finance, you might hear 'स्टॉक्स' (stocks).
The pure Hindi word is 'भंडार' (bhandar). However, you should NOT use it in everyday shopping situations, as it sounds overly formal or literary. Stick to 'स्टॉक' for natural daily conversation.
You can say, 'क्या आप स्टॉक चेक कर सकते हैं?' (Can you check the stock?) or 'क्या गोदाम में और स्टॉक है?' (Is there more stock in the warehouse?).
In many regional Indian accents, starting a word with a consonant cluster like 'st' is difficult. To make pronunciation easier, speakers naturally add a short 'i' sound at the beginning, resulting in 'is-tock'. However, the standard pronunciation remains 'stock'.
Test Yourself 180 questions
Write a simple Hindi sentence saying 'The stock is finished.'
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Translate to Hindi: 'Is this in stock?'
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Write a sentence using 'नया स्टॉक' (new stock).
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Translate: 'Check the stock in the warehouse.'
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Write a sentence about ordering more stock.
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Translate: 'The stock market fell today.'
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Write a sentence explaining why stock is low (use 'कमी').
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Translate: 'They are doing a stock clearance sale.'
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Write a complex sentence about surplus stock (अधिशेष स्टॉक).
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Translate: 'Investors put money in the stock market.'
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Write a sentence using 'बफर स्टॉक'.
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Translate: 'Supply chain disruptions affected the stock.'
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Write a sentence using 'स्टॉक' and 'माल' to show the difference in register.
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Translate: 'All the old stock was sold.'
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Write a short phrase meaning 'Out of stock' in Hindi script.
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Say 'The stock is finished' in Hindi.
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Ask 'Is this in stock?' in Hindi.
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Say 'New stock will come tomorrow.'
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Tell someone to 'Check the stock.'
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Say 'We need to order more stock.'
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Say 'The stock market fell today.'
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Say 'There is a shortage of stock.'
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Say 'Sell the old stock cheaply.'
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Say 'The company is doing a stock clearance.'
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Say 'Investors put money in stocks.'
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Say 'We must maintain a buffer stock.'
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Say 'Supply chain issues affected the stock.'
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Say 'All the stock is sold.'
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Say 'Out of stock' using the English loan phrase in Hindi.
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Say 'The stock price is falling.'
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Listen to the phrase: 'स्टॉक खत्म हो गया'. What does it mean?
Listen: 'क्या यह स्टॉक में है?'. What is being asked?
Listen: 'नया स्टॉक आ गया'. What happened?
Listen: 'गोदाम में स्टॉक चेक करो'. Where should you check the stock?
Listen: 'स्टॉक मार्केट गिर गया'. What fell?
Listen: 'हमें स्टॉक मंगाना है'. What do they need to do?
Listen: 'स्टॉक की कमी है'. What is the problem?
Listen: 'पुराना स्टॉक निकाल दो'. What should be done with old stock?
Listen: 'अधिशेष स्टॉक पर छूट है'. What is on discount?
Listen: 'निवेशकों ने स्टॉक्स खरीदे'. Who bought stocks?
Listen: 'बफर स्टॉक ज़रूरी है'. What is necessary?
Listen: 'आपूर्ति श्रृंखला टूट गई'. What broke?
Listen: 'सारा स्टॉक बिक गया'. How much stock was sold?
Listen: 'आउट ऑफ स्टॉक'. What does this mean?
Listen: 'स्टॉक अपडेट करो'. What is the command?
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Summary
'स्टॉक' is the most common way to say 'inventory' or 'supply' in everyday Hindi. Example: 'नया स्टॉक आ गया है' (New stock has arrived).
- Goods available for sale.
- Inventory in a shop or warehouse.
- Shares in a financial market.
- An English loanword widely used in Hindi.
Masculine Noun
Always remember that 'स्टॉक' is masculine. Say 'नया स्टॉक' (new stock), never 'नई स्टॉक'. This is a common mistake for beginners trying to guess the gender of English loanwords.
Use it Confidently
Don't hesitate to use the English word 'stock' while speaking Hindi. It is not considered 'breaking' into English; it is the standard vocabulary word for inventory in modern Hindi.
Listen for 'Khatam'
When shopping, the phrase you will hear most often is 'स्टॉक खत्म' (Stock khatam - Stock finished). Train your ears to catch this phrase to avoid disappointment!
Pair with 'Karna'
To turn the noun 'stock' into a verb meaning 'to check stock', simply add the Hindi verb 'करना' (to do). 'स्टॉक चेक करना' means 'to check the stock'.
Example
यह उत्पाद स्टॉक में उपलब्ध नहीं है।
Related Content
Related Phrases
More shopping words
खाता
A1A 'khātā' refers to a formal record of financial transactions, such as a bank account or a merchant's ledger. It is commonly used when discussing banking, personal savings, or maintaining credit with a local shopkeeper.
टोकरी
A1A basket used for holding or carrying items, typically made of interwoven strips of cane, bamboo, wood, or plastic. It is a common household and marketplace object used for storing fruits, vegetables, or flowers.
बिलिंग
A1Billing refers to the process of preparing and sending an invoice or a statement of charges to a customer for goods or services provided. In a shopping context, it typically occurs at a specific counter where the total cost is calculated and paid.
ब्रांड
A1A brand refers to a specific name, logo, or design that identifies a company's products and sets them apart from competitors. In Hindi, it is commonly used to discuss labels or famous product names during shopping.
कार्ड
A1A 'card' (कार्ड) in a shopping context primarily refers to a plastic payment card such as a credit or debit card used to make purchases. It can also refer to a greeting card or an identification card depending on the situation.
नकद
A1Cash refers to money in the form of physical currency, such as banknotes and coins. In commerce, it signifies an immediate payment made at the time of purchase rather than using credit or installments.
रंग
A1Rang refers to color or hue, used to describe the appearance of objects based on the light they reflect. In a shopping context, it is a primary descriptor used for choosing clothing, accessories, or home decor items.
काउंटर
A1A counter is a long, flat surface in a store, bank, or restaurant where goods or services are provided and transactions are made. In Hindi, it is a commonly used loanword from English to describe service desks or payment points.
उधार
A1Udhaar refers to credit or a loan, specifically the act of borrowing or lending money or goods with the intention of paying back later. In a shopping context, it signifies buying items now and settling the bill at a future date.
ग्राहक
A1A person who buys goods or services from a shop, business, or service provider. It is the standard term for a customer or buyer in both casual and commercial settings.