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familiare

B1 adjective 10分钟阅读

familiare

开始练习例句笔记与提示 familiare 30秒了解

解析 familiare in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize 'familiare' as a word closely related to 'famiglia' (family). You will mostly see it in very simple contexts, such as describing a family-run business or a restaurant that feels cozy. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember that it describes things that belong to a family or feel like they do. For example, 'una pizza familiare' is a large pizza meant for a whole family. At this stage, think of it as 'family-style.'

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'familiare' to describe things you recognize. You might say 'un volto familiare' (a familiar face) when you see someone you know from your neighborhood. You will also learn that the word doesn't change for gender (it's always 'familiare' for one thing) but it does change for number ('familiari' for many things). You can start using it to describe your 'situazione familiare' (family situation) when talking about yourself in simple conversations.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'familiare' in its more abstract sense of 'recognizable' or 'informal.' You will use the construction 'mi è familiare' (it is familiar to me) to talk about songs, places, or smells. You also understand the difference between 'familiare' (adjective) and 'i familiari' (the relatives). This is the level where you start to notice it in medical contexts ('storia familiare') and in descriptions of atmosphere ('un clima familiare').

At the B2 level, you can distinguish between 'familiare' and its many synonyms like 'noto', 'consueto', or 'domestico'. You understand that 'familiare' implies a personal, psychological connection. You also know that while English uses 'familiar with' as a verb phrase, Italian prefers 'avere familiarità con'. You can use the word in more formal contexts, such as describing 'politiche familiari' or 'diritto familiare' (family law) with correct terminology and agreement.

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At the C1 level, you appreciate the subtle nuances of 'familiare' versus 'famigliare' and can use the word stylistically. You might use it to describe a 'registro familiare' in linguistics or a 'tono familiare' in a literary analysis. You are comfortable with the adverb 'familiarmente' and can use the noun 'familiarità' to describe expertise or close friendship. Your usage is precise, and you never confuse it with 'conosciuto' in a way that sounds unnatural to a native speaker.

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At the C2 level, 'familiare' is a tool for nuanced expression. You can use it to discuss complex sociological concepts like 'il nucleo familiare' in a changing society or use it in a philosophical sense to describe the 'familiarity' of the mundane. You understand its Latin roots and how they influence its current semantic field. You can effortlessly switch between the adjective, the noun, and the adverb to create sophisticated, natural-sounding Italian in any professional or academic setting.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

familiare 30秒了解

Familiare is a versatile adjective meaning 'related to family' or 'well-known and recognizable.'
It is a two-ending adjective: 'familiare' for singular and 'familiari' for plural, regardless of gender.
Commonly used in phrases like 'un volto familiare' (a familiar face) or 'gestione familiare' (family-run).
In Italian, it often implies warmth and informality, distinct from the more clinical 'noto' (known).

The Italian word familiare is a versatile adjective that primarily functions in two semantic spheres: the domestic world of the family and the psychological world of recognition and comfort. At its most literal level, it pertains to anything related to the family unit (la famiglia). However, its most common usage among intermediate speakers involves describing things that are well-known, recognizable, or evoke a sense of comfortable acquaintance. Unlike the English word 'familiar,' which can sometimes feel slightly detached, the Italian familiare often carries a connotation of warmth, safety, and lack of formality.

Domestic Relation: When used to describe relationships or legal statuses, it signifies belonging to the household. For example, 'oneri familiari' refers to family responsibilities or charges.
Recognition: It describes a person, place, or object that you have seen before and can identify easily. 'Un volto familiare' is a face you recognize in a crowd.
Informality: It characterizes an atmosphere or a style of communication that is easygoing and not strictly bound by formal etiquette. A 'trattoria familiare' suggests a home-style dining experience.

Quella melodia mi è molto familiare, ma non ricordo il titolo della canzone.

Translation: That melody is very familiar to me, but I don't remember the title of the song.

In Italy, the concept of 'famiglia' is central to the culture, which is why this adjective appears in so many contexts. You might hear it in a doctor's office when discussing your 'anamnesi familiare' (family medical history), or in a business context when describing a small 'azienda familiare' (family-run business). The word implies a level of intimacy and history that 'conosciuto' (known) does not quite capture. If something is 'conosciuto,' it is simply a fact; if it is 'familiare,' it resonates with your personal experience.

Abbiamo cenato in un ambiente familiare e accogliente.

Translation: We had dinner in a familiar and welcoming environment.

It is important to note the spelling. While 'familiare' is the most common and standard form (derived directly from Latin), you may occasionally see 'famigliare.' Both are technically correct, but 'familiare' is preferred in formal writing, legal documents, and scientific contexts. The version with 'gli' is more closely tied to the modern Italian spelling of 'famiglia' and is used more in literary or informal contexts to emphasize the 'family' connection specifically.

Il medico mi ha chiesto informazioni sulla mia situazione familiare.

Register: Neutral to Formal. It is appropriate for all situations, from casual conversation to academic papers.

Using familiare correctly requires understanding its position and its relationship with verbs of perception. Because it is a descriptive adjective, it usually follows the noun it modifies, but it can also be used as a predicate adjective after verbs like 'essere' (to be) or 'sembrare' (to seem). When you want to say something is 'familiar to someone,' you use the indirect object construction: mi è familiare (it is familiar to me).

Il suo modo di parlare mi è molto familiare.

Translation: His way of speaking is very familiar to me.

In this context, 'mi' acts as the indirect object. You can replace 'mi' with other indirect object pronouns: 'ti è familiare' (it is familiar to you), 'gli è familiare' (it is familiar to him), etc. This is a very common way to express recognition. If you are describing a characteristic of a person that reminds you of their family, you might place it directly after the noun.

Agreement Rules: Singular: Un volto familiare (masc), Una voce familiare (fem). Plural: Volti familiari (masc), Voci familiari (fem).
Placement: Usually after the noun: 'Un ambiente familiare'. Placing it before ('Un familiare ambiente') is rare and usually restricted to poetic or highly stylistic prose.

I problemi familiari possono essere molto stressanti.

Translation: Family problems can be very stressful.

When 'familiare' refers to family members, it can also function as a noun. In the plural, 'i familiari' refers to one's relatives or family members in a general sense, often used in medical or legal contexts. For example, 'I familiari del paziente' (The patient's relatives). As an adjective, it can also modify abstract nouns like 'tradizione' or 'segreto'.

Nonostante fossi all'estero, sentivo un profumo familiare di caffè.

Translation: Even though I was abroad, I felt a familiar scent of coffee.

Finally, consider the adverbial form 'familiarmente,' which means 'in a familiar or informal way.' If you speak to someone 'familiarmente,' you are likely using the 'tu' form rather than the formal 'Lei.' This word is key to navigating the social hierarchy of Italian conversation.

Negative Forms: To say something is NOT familiar, you usually say 'poco familiare' or 'non familiare.' The opposite 'estraneo' (foreign/strange) is often used instead of a direct negative.

You will encounter familiare in a wide array of settings, from the most intimate to the most professional. In daily life, it's the word Italians use to describe that feeling of 'deja vu' or the comfort of home. In the media, you'll hear it in news reports concerning family law or social issues. It is a word that bridges the gap between the private heart of the home and the public world of shared recognition.

In the News: Journalists use it when discussing 'politiche familiari' (family policies) or 'nucleo familiare' (the family unit/household) in census reports.
At the Doctor: 'C'è una familiarità per questa malattia?' (Is there a family history/predisposition for this disease?). Here, 'familiarità' is the noun form.
In Hospitality: Hotel and restaurant reviews often praise the 'gestione familiare' (family management), which guarantees a personal touch.

L'azienda ha una lunga tradizione familiare nel settore tessile.

Translation: The company has a long family tradition in the textile sector.

In literature and cinema, 'familiare' is used to set the scene. A director might want to create a 'clima familiare' to make the audience feel at ease before a plot twist. It’s the word for the sound of your mother's keys in the lock or the smell of a specific brand of detergent. It evokes the senses and memory simultaneously.

I suoi lineamenti mi sono familiari, forse l'ho già incontrata.

Translation: Her features are familiar to me, maybe I've met her before.

In technical fields, 'familiare' refers to groups. In biology, it can refer to a 'gruppo familiare' of animals. In linguistics, it refers to 'registri familiari'—the way people speak when they are among friends and family, characterized by slang, shortened words, and specific regionalisms. Understanding this word helps you understand the boundaries of Italian social interaction.

Il giudice ha valutato attentamente il contesto familiare del minore.

While familiare seems straightforward, English speakers often stumble because of the slightly different ways 'familiar' and 'familiare' are used in idioms. The most common error is using it to mean 'I am familiar with [a topic]' by translating it literally. In Italian, you don't usually say 'Sono familiare con la fisica.' Instead, you say 'Ho familiarità con la fisica' or simply 'Conosco bene la fisica.'

Mistake: Literal Translation: English: 'I'm not familiar with this software.' Incorrect Italian: 'Non sono familiare con questo software.' Correct: 'Non ho familiarità con questo software' or 'Non conosco questo software.'
Mistake: Spelling Confusion: Confusing 'familiare' with 'famigliare'. While both are okay, 'familiare' is the 'safer' choice for exams and formal writing. Using 'famigliare' in a medical or legal document might look slightly less professional.
Mistake: Agreement: Forgetting that 'familiare' ends in '-e'. Some learners try to make it end in '-o' or '-a' (familiaro/familiara). Remember: it is always 'familiare' for singular and 'familiari' for plural, regardless of gender.

ERRORE: Questa strada mi è familiara. CORRETTO: Questa strada mi è familiare.

Another nuance is the difference between 'familiare' and 'conosciuto.' If you say a person is 'conosciuta,' it often means they are famous. If you say they are 'familiare,' it means you personally recognize them or they feel like family. Using 'familiare' to describe a celebrity you've never met might sound a bit strange unless you are talking about their face being recognizable from TV.

Non ho molta familiarità con le nuove tecnologie.

Translation: I don't have much familiarity (I'm not very familiar) with new technologies.

Lastly, be careful with the plural noun 'i familiari.' In English, we often say 'my family' to mean everyone. In Italian, 'la mia famiglia' refers to the whole unit, while 'i miei familiari' specifically refers to the individual members. If you want to say 'My family members are coming,' use 'I miei familiari stanno arrivando.'

To truly master Italian, you need to know when to use familiare and when an alternative might be more precise. Italian is a language of nuances, and choosing the right word for 'familiar' or 'known' can change the entire tone of your sentence. Below are some of the most common synonyms and related terms, along with their specific shades of meaning.

Noto / Conosciuto: These mean 'known' or 'famous.' Use 'noto' for public figures or well-known facts. 'Familiare' is more personal and intimate.
Consueto / Abituale: These refer to things that happen often or are part of a routine. While a 'consueto' path is one you take every day, a 'familiare' path is one that feels like home.
Domestico: Specifically relates to the house or home life. You would speak of 'animali domestici' (pets) but 'problemi familiari' (family problems).
Intimo: This implies a deeper, more private connection than 'familiare'. A 'familiare' dinner is casual; an 'intimo' dinner is private and perhaps romantic or deeply personal.

È un volto noto della televisione, ma non mi è familiare.

Translation: He is a well-known face on TV, but he isn't familiar to me (personally).

When discussing ease of use, you might use 'alla mano' (easygoing/approachable). A person who is 'familiare' in their manner is often described as 'una persona molto alla mano.' This suggests they don't put on airs and treat everyone with the warmth of a family member.

Il medico ha analizzato il quadro clinico e la storia familiare.

In a legal context, 'parentale' is sometimes used as a synonym for 'familiare' when referring to parents specifically, such as 'congedo parentale' (parental leave). However, 'familiare' remains the broader, more common term for everything related to the family unit as a whole.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

In ancient Rome, a 'familiaris' could also be a close friend who was treated like part of the family, which is exactly how the meaning evolved to include 'well-known' and 'intimate' in modern Italian.

发音指南

UK /fa.miˈlja.re/

US /fɑ.miˈljɑ.re/

On the third syllable: fa-mi-LIA-re.

押韵词

particolare popolare singolare solare mare cantare mangiare parlare

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'l' and 'i' separately (fa-mi-li-a-re) instead of as a diphthong.
Misplacing the stress on the 'mi' (fa-MI-lia-re).
Over-pronouncing the final 'e' as an 'ay' sound.
Confusing the 'l' with the 'gl' sound from 'famiglia'.
Nasalizing the 'a' before the 'm'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the English cognate 'familiar'.

写作 3/5

Requires care with the '-e' ending and avoiding false friend usage for 'expertise'.

口语 3/5

The 'lia' diphthong requires practice for perfect native-like flow.

听力 2/5

Distinctive enough to be easily identified in context.

接下来学什么

前置知识

famiglia madre padre casa conoscere

接下来学习

familiarità familiarizzare noto estraneo parentela

高级

anamnesi giurisprudenza nucleo diatriba patrimonio

需要掌握的语法

Adjectives ending in -e change only for number, not gender.

Il ragazzo familiare, la ragazza familiare, i ragazzi familiari, le ragazze familiari.

Indirect object pronouns with 'essere' + adjective.

Mi è familiare, ti è familiare, gli è familiare.

Position of adjectives: usually after the noun for emphasis or description.

Un ambiente familiare (Focus on the type of environment).

The use of 'molto' to modify adjectives.

È un volto molto familiare.

Substantivized adjectives: using an adjective as a noun.

I familiari (The family members).

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按水平分级的例句

Questa è una gestione familiare.

This is a family management (family-run).

Gestione is feminine, but familiare ends in -e for both genders.

Mi piace l'ambiente familiare di questo bar.

I like the family-like atmosphere of this bar.

Ambiente is masculine singular.

Ordiniamo una pizza familiare?

Shall we order a family-sized pizza?

Here 'familiare' refers to size/portion.

Lui è un mio familiare.

He is a relative of mine.

Used as a noun meaning 'family member'.

C'è un'atmosfera familiare qui.

There is a familiar/homely atmosphere here.

Atmosfera is feminine singular.

È un nome familiare.

It is a familiar name.

Nome is masculine singular.

I miei familiari vivono a Roma.

My family members live in Rome.

Plural form 'familiari'.

Abbiamo un segreto familiare.

We have a family secret.

Segreto is masculine singular.

Ho visto un volto familiare in centro.

I saw a familiar face downtown.

Volto is a synonym for 'faccia' (face).

Questo profumo mi è familiare.

This scent is familiar to me.

Uses the 'mi è' (is to me) construction.

La situazione familiare è tranquilla.

The family situation is calm.

Situazione is feminine singular.

Molti familiari sono venuti alla festa.

Many relatives came to the party.

Molti (many) agrees with familiari.

Non è un posto familiare per me.

It is not a familiar place for me.

Negative construction 'non è'.

Parliamo di problemi familiari.

We are talking about family problems.

Problemi is masculine plural.

Quella casa ha un'aria familiare.

That house has a familiar look/air.

Aria (air/look) is feminine.

È una tradizione familiare antica.

It is an old family tradition.

Tradizione is feminine singular.

Il sapore di questo dolce mi è molto familiare.

The taste of this dessert is very familiar to me.

Sapore is masculine singular.

Dobbiamo proteggere il patrimonio familiare.

We must protect the family heritage/assets.

Patrimonio refers to both money and cultural heritage.

Il tono della conversazione era molto familiare.

The tone of the conversation was very informal/familiar.

Tono is masculine singular.

Hai familiarità con questo tipo di lavoro?

Are you familiar with this type of work?

Uses the noun 'familiarità' (familiarity).

Si è creato un clima familiare tra i colleghi.

A family-like atmosphere was created among colleagues.

Clima is masculine singular despite ending in -a.

Cerco un albergo a conduzione familiare.

I am looking for a family-run hotel.

Conduzione is feminine singular.

Questi sono i miei carichi familiari.

These are my family dependents.

Carichi familiari is a standard administrative term.

La sua voce mi sembrava familiare.

His/her voice seemed familiar to me.

Sembrava is the imperfect tense of 'sembrare'.

L'anamnesi familiare non rivela patologie ereditarie.

The family medical history does not reveal hereditary pathologies.

Anamnesi is a technical medical term.

Il diritto familiare regola i rapporti tra coniugi.

Family law regulates the relationships between spouses.

Diritto is masculine singular.

L'autore usa un registro familiare per avvicinarsi al lettore.

The author uses an informal register to get closer to the reader.

Registro refers to the level of language formality.

Nonostante gli anni, quel luogo gli è rimasto familiare.

Despite the years, that place remained familiar to him.

Rimasto is the past participle of 'rimanere'.

Il mediatore ha analizzato il conflitto familiare.

The mediator analyzed the family conflict.

Conflitto is masculine singular.

È necessario dichiarare tutti i componenti familiari.

It is necessary to declare all family members.

Componenti is masculine plural.

La familiarità della scena mi ha commosso.

The familiarity of the scene moved me.

Commosso is the past participle of 'commuovere'.

Si sentiva a disagio in contesti poco familiari.

He felt uncomfortable in unfamiliar contexts.

Poco familiari is the way to say 'unfamiliar'.

L'opera riflette la disgregazione del nucleo familiare.

The work reflects the disintegration of the family unit.

Nucleo familiare is a formal sociological term.

Si rivolse a lui familiarmente, chiamandolo per nome.

He addressed him familiarly, calling him by name.

Familiarmente is the adverbial form.

La familiarità non deve mai diventare mancanza di rispetto.

Familiarity must never become a lack of respect.

Familiarità here means 'being too casual'.

Esiste una predisposizione familiare per questo disturbo.

There is a family predisposition for this disorder.

Predisposizione is feminine singular.

Il poeta evoca immagini familiari della vita contadina.

The poet evokes familiar images of peasant life.

Immagini is feminine plural.

L'azienda ha saputo mantenere una dimensione familiare.

The company has managed to maintain a family dimension/scale.

Dimensione refers to scale or scope.

Il clima familiare ha favorito una rapida guarigione.

The family atmosphere favored a quick recovery.

Favorito is the past participle of 'favorire'.

La loro è una diatriba familiare che dura da generazioni.

Theirs is a family feud that has lasted for generations.

Diatriba is a formal word for a long dispute.

L'antropologo studia le strutture familiari nelle società arcaiche.

The anthropologist studies family structures in archaic societies.

Strutture is feminine plural.

La familiarità dell'ignoto è un paradosso filosofico.

The familiarity of the unknown is a philosophical paradox.

Ignoto means 'the unknown'.

L'accumulo di segreti familiari ha eroso la fiducia reciproca.

The accumulation of family secrets has eroded mutual trust.

Reciproca agrees with fiducia (feminine).

Si riscontra una ricorrenza familiare in questa casistica.

A family recurrence is found in these cases.

Ricorrenza is feminine singular.

Il romanzo esplora l'oscurità che si cela dietro la facciata familiare.

The novel explores the darkness that is hidden behind the family facade.

Cela comes from 'celare' (to hide).

La stabilità familiare è un pilastro della coesione sociale.

Family stability is a pillar of social cohesion.

Pilastro is masculine singular.

Hanno agito con una familiarità quasi eccessiva.

They acted with an almost excessive familiarity.

Eccessiva agrees with familiarità (feminine).

La giurisprudenza in materia familiare è in continua evoluzione.

Jurisprudence in family matters is in constant evolution.

Giurisprudenza is feminine singular.

常见搭配

Volto familiare

Ambiente familiare

Gestione familiare

Situazione familiare

Diritto familiare

Anamnesi familiare

Tradizione familiare

Nucleo familiare

Motivo familiare

Clima familiare

常用短语

In tono familiare

— In an informal or friendly way. Used when someone speaks without strict etiquette.

Mi ha parlato in tono familiare fin dal primo momento.

Aria familiare

— A familiar look or feeling. Used when something reminds you of something else.

Questo posto ha un'aria familiare, ci sono già stato?

Un mio familiare

— A relative of mine. Used to identify a family member without specifying the relation.

Devo accompagnare un mio familiare in ospedale.

Carichi familiari

— Family dependents. Used in tax and administrative contexts.

Ho tre figli come carichi familiari.

Medicina familiare

— Family medicine. The branch of medicine dealing with the whole family.

Si occupa di medicina familiare da trent'anni.

Legame familiare

— Family bond. The emotional or biological connection between relatives.

Il legame familiare è molto forte tra loro.

Cerchia familiare

— Family circle. The close group of relatives one interacts with.

Festeggeremo solo nella cerchia familiare.

Consiglio familiare

— Family meeting or council. A gathering to discuss family matters.

Abbiamo indetto un consiglio familiare per le vacanze.

Violenza familiare

— Domestic violence. A serious social and legal term.

La legge punisce severamente la violenza familiare.

Abitazione familiare

— Family home. The primary residence of a family unit.

Hanno deciso di vendere l'abitazione familiare.

容易混淆的词

familiare vs Conosciuto

Conosciuto means 'known' or 'famous'. Familiare means 'recognizable' or 'intimate'.

familiare vs Solito

Solito means 'usual' or 'customary'. Use it for habits, not for the feeling of recognition.

familiare vs Parentale

Parentale refers specifically to parents (e.g., parental leave), while familiare is broader.

习语与表达

"Sentirsi in un ambiente familiare"

— To feel at ease, as if one were at home. It implies comfort and lack of stress.

In quella libreria mi sento sempre in un ambiente familiare.

Neutral

"Trattare qualcuno con familiarità"

— To treat someone in a very casual or informal way, sometimes excessively so.

Non dovresti trattare il professore con troppa familiarità.

Neutral

"Avere un'aria familiare"

— To look recognizable or reminiscent of something known.

Quella melodia ha un'aria familiare, dove l'ho sentita?

Neutral

"Essere di casa"

— Literally 'to be of the house'. To be so familiar with a place that you are treated like family.

In questo ristorante sono ormai di casa.

Informal

"Lavare i panni sporchi in famiglia"

— To deal with private family matters internally rather than publicly. (Related to the 'familiare' concept).

È meglio lavare i panni sporchi in famiglia.

Informal

"Rimanere in famiglia"

— To keep something within the small group of relatives or close friends.

Questa notizia deve rimanere in famiglia per ora.

Neutral

"Fare famiglia"

— To start a family. (Related to the root of familiare).

Hanno deciso di sposarsi e fare famiglia.

Neutral

"In confidenza"

— In confidence/familiarly. Closely related to the 'informal' sense of familiare.

Te lo dico in confidenza: non mi piace.

Neutral

"Mettere a proprio agio"

— To make someone feel 'at home' or in a familiar environment.

Il padrone di casa ci ha subito messi a nostro agio.

Neutral

"Sentirsi a casa"

— To feel at home. The ultimate goal of a 'clima familiare'.

Mi sento a casa quando sono con voi.

Neutral

容易混淆

familiare vs Famigliare

It is a variant spelling of the same word.

Familiare is the standard, Latin-derived form. Famigliare is more informal and mirrors the spelling of 'famiglia'.

Il diritto familiare (Formal) vs. Un'atmosfera famigliare (Informal).

familiare vs Domestico

Both can mean 'related to home'.

Domestico refers to the physical house or pets. Familiare refers to the people and the relationships.

Un animale domestico (A pet) vs. Un problema familiare (A family problem).

familiare vs Noto

Both involve recognition.

Noto is for public fame. Familiare is for personal recognition.

Un autore noto (A famous author) vs. Un volto familiare (A face I recognize).

familiare vs Comune

Both can mean 'common'.

Comune means frequent or shared by many. Familiare means known through personal experience.

Un errore comune (A common error) vs. Una voce familiare (A voice I know).

familiare vs Intimo

Both describe closeness.

Intimo is much deeper and more private than familiare.

Un amico intimo (A close friend) vs. Un ambiente familiare (A casual, friendly vibe).

句型

È un/una [Noun] familiare.

È una pizza familiare.

[Noun] mi è familiare.

Questa musica mi è familiare.

In un ambiente [Adjective] e familiare.

In un ambiente accogliente e familiare.

Per motivi [Adjective].

Per motivi familiari.

Avere familiarità con [Something].

Ho familiarità con il computer.

La gestione [Adjective] di [Noun].

La gestione familiare dell'albergo.

Trattare qualcuno con [Noun].

Trattare qualcuno con familiarità.

La dimensione [Adjective] della [Noun].

La dimensione familiare della tragedia.

词族

名词

famiglia (family)

familiarità (familiarity)

familiare (relative/family member)

动词

familiarizzare (to familiarize/get used to)

affamigliare (rare: to take into a family)

形容词

familiare (familiar/family-related)

famigliare (variant spelling)

antifamiliare (anti-family)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Italian.

常见错误

Sono familiare con la lingua italiana. → Ho familiarità con la lingua italiana.
In Italian, 'familiare' is an adjective describing things, not a state of being for a person. Use 'avere familiarità con' for subjects.
Questa è una faccia familiara. → Questa è una faccia familiare.
Adjectives ending in -e do not change to -a for feminine nouns.
I miei famigliare vivono qui. → I miei familiari vivono qui.
The plural of 'familiare' is 'familiari'.
Lui è un autore familiare. → Lui è un autore noto.
If the author is famous to everyone, use 'noto'. If you specifically recognize him personally, use 'familiare'.
Parliamo di cose famigliare. → Parliamo di cose familiari.
Agreement error: 'cose' is plural, so 'familiare' must become 'familiari'.

小贴士

One Ending for All

Remember that 'familiare' is a Class II adjective. You only need to learn one form for the singular! This makes it easier than adjectives like 'bello/bella'.

Atmosphere vs. Knowledge

Use 'familiare' to describe the 'vibe' of a place. If a cafe makes you feel at home, it has an 'ambiente familiare'.

The 'G' Debate

While 'famigliare' exists, 'familiare' is the gold standard. Use the version without the 'g' to stay consistent with most media and textbooks.

Medical Context

If a doctor asks about 'familiarità', they aren't asking if you are friendly; they are asking about your family's medical history.

Noun Power

Don't forget that 'i familiari' is the best way to say 'relatives' in a slightly more formal or general way than 'parenti'.

The Soft Diphthong

The 'ia' in 'familiare' should be quick. Don't let it become two separate syllables; keep it fluid like the 'ia' in 'piano'.

Small Business Love

Look for the words 'gestione familiare' when traveling in Italy. It usually means better food and a more authentic experience.

In Tono Familiare

If someone invites you to speak 'in tono familiare', they are giving you permission to relax and be yourself.

Easy Cognate

Use the English word 'familiar' as a hook, but remember the Italian version is broader and can mean 'of the family' too.

Saying Unfamiliar

Instead of inventing a word like 'unfamiliare', use 'poco familiare' or 'estraneo' to sound more natural.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Family'. If something is 'familiare', it's like it belongs to your 'famiglia'—you know it well and it makes you feel at home.

视觉联想

Imagine a warm, steaming bowl of pasta in a cozy kitchen. This 'clima familiare' is the essence of the word.

Word Web

Famiglia Casa Conoscenza Riconoscimento Calore Informalità Parenti Tradizione

挑战

Try to describe three things in your current room that are 'familiari' to you and explain why using the construction 'mi è familiare perché...'.

词源

From the Latin 'familiaris', which is an adjective derived from 'familia' (household, family). In Roman times, 'familiaris' referred to anyone belonging to the household, including servants and slaves.

原始含义： Belonging to the 'familia' or household.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Italian.

文化背景

Be careful when asking about 'situazione familiare' in professional settings, as it can be seen as too personal in some cultures, though it is standard in Italian administrative forms.

English speakers often use 'familiar' for expertise ('I am familiar with this'). Italians use 'familiare' more for recognition and family ties.

Il Lessico Famigliare (book by Natalia Ginzburg) - a masterpiece about family sayings. The concept of 'Sacra Famiglia' in Italian art. Fiat 500 Giardiniera - often called a 'familiare' car in the past.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At a Restaurant

Cucina a gestione familiare
Ambiente familiare
Porzione familiare
Ricetta familiare

Medical / Health

Precedenti familiari
Anamnesi familiare
Malattia familiare
Medico familiare

Legal / Admin

Stato familiare
Diritto familiare
Carichi familiari
Nucleo familiare

Socializing

Tono familiare
Volto familiare
Aria familiare
Trattare con familiarità

Business

Impresa familiare
Tradizione familiare
Patrimonio familiare
Clima familiare

对话开场白

"C'è un ristorante a gestione familiare che mi consiglieresti in questa zona?"

"Questo posto ti è familiare o è la prima volta che vieni qui?"

"Qual è una tradizione familiare a cui sei molto legato?"

"Preferisci lavorare in una grande azienda o in una piccola impresa familiare?"

"Ti capita mai di vedere un volto familiare e non ricordare il nome?"

日记主题

Descrivi un luogo che ti è particolarmente familiare e spiega quali emozioni ti suscita.

Rifletti sull'importanza della gestione familiare nelle piccole imprese italiane.

Hai mai provato una sensazione di familiarità in un posto dove non eri mai stato prima?

Quali sono, secondo te, i vantaggi e gli svantaggi di vivere in un ambiente molto familiare?

Descrivi una melodia o un profumo familiare che ti riporta alla tua infanzia.

常见问题

10 个问题

Not directly. Instead of 'Sono familiare con questo libro', you should say 'Conosco bene questo libro' or 'Ho familiarità con questo libro'. 'Familiare' as an adjective usually describes the object, not the person's knowledge.

No, it is not wrong. It is an accepted variant. However, 'familiare' is much more common in modern Italian, especially in professional and academic writing. If you are taking an exam, use 'familiare'.

The plural is 'familiari'. Because it ends in '-e', it follows the pattern of adjectives like 'grande/grandi' or 'intelligente/intelligenti'.

No. It is the same for both masculine and feminine: 'un volto familiare' (masculine) and 'una voce familiare' (feminine).

It means 'my family members' or 'my relatives'. It is often used in medical or legal contexts to refer to your kin.

Yes! In the past, a station wagon was often called 'una familiare' (short for 'auto familiare').

'Noto' implies something is known by many people or is famous. 'Familiare' implies you have a personal connection or recognition of it.

You use the verb 'familiarizzare'. For example: 'Devo familiarizzare con il nuovo sistema' (I need to get familiar with the new system).

Yes, absolutely. The phrase 'a gestione familiare' is very common for small businesses, restaurants, and hotels.

It is 'Family Law', the branch of law that deals with marriage, divorce, and child custody.

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