求人
求人 in 30 Seconds
- 求人 (kyūjin) means 'seeking people' and refers to job openings or advertisements for employment.
- It is a formal term used by companies, whereas 'boshū' is more general for any kind of recruitment.
- Commonly found on job sites, in magazines, and at government employment offices like Hello Work.
- Essential for job seekers to understand market trends like the job-opening-to-applicant ratio.
The Japanese word 求人 (kyūjin) is a fundamental term in the world of employment and business. Etymologically, it is composed of two kanji: 求 (kyū), meaning 'to seek,' 'to request,' or 'to demand,' and 人 (jin), meaning 'person' or 'human.' Together, they literally translate to 'seeking people.' In a practical sense, it refers to the act of an employer looking for new staff members or the actual job advertisement itself. It is the formal counterpart to the more general word boshū (募集), which means recruitment or invitation in any context (like recruiting members for a club). When you see 求人, it specifically pertains to the professional labor market.
- Core Concept
- The structural demand for labor within an economy or specific company.
駅の掲示板で新しい求人を見つけました。(I found a new job opening on the station's bulletin board.)
Understanding 求人 is crucial for anyone navigating the Japanese job market. It appears in various forms: kyūjin kōkoku (job advertisement), kyūjin jōhō (job information), and kyūjin-hyō (job posting sheet). Unlike the English word 'recruitment,' which can describe the whole process, 求人 focuses primarily on the 'opening' or the 'vacancy' that needs to be filled. It is the signal sent out by a company to the public that they have a space available for a new worker. In economic terms, it is also used in the phrase yūkō kyūjin bairitsu (active job openings-to-applicants ratio), a key indicator of the health of the Japanese economy.
- Kanji Breakdown
- 求 (Seek/Request) + 人 (Person) = Seeking a person for a role.
この会社は常に求人を出している。(This company is always putting out job advertisements.)
In a broader sociological context, 求人 reflects the shifting demographics of Japan. With an aging population and a shrinking workforce, the number of 求人 often exceeds the number of applicants in sectors like healthcare, construction, and IT. This makes the 'kyūjin' landscape highly competitive for employers. For a learner, mastering this word is the first step toward professional literacy in Japanese, moving beyond simple daily conversation into the realm of career development and economic understanding. It is a word that bridges the gap between individual effort (looking for work) and systemic reality (labor demand).
- Usage Frequency
- Extremely high in business, news, and daily life near train stations or convenience stores where job magazines are kept.
Using 求人 (kyūjin) correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and how it interacts with specific verbs. The most common verb paired with it is dasu (出す - to put out/issue). When a company 'puts out a job ad,' they say 求人を出す (kyūjin o dasu). Conversely, when a job seeker 'looks at job ads,' they say 求人を見る (kyūjin o miru) or 求人を探す (kyūjin o sagasu). It is important to note that 求人 is almost never used to refer to the person being hired, but rather the vacancy or the call for applications itself.
- Common Verb Pairings
- 求人を出す (To post a job), 求人に応募する (To apply to a job opening), 求人を停止する (To stop recruiting).
条件の良い求人があれば、すぐに連絡してください。(If there is a job opening with good conditions, please contact me immediately.)
In formal business writing, 求人 often acts as a prefix to create compound nouns. For example, 求人広告 (kyūjin kōkoku) is a job advertisement, and 求人倍率 (kyūjin bairitsu) is the job-opening-to-application ratio. When you are browsing a website, you might see a button labeled 求人一覧 (kyūjin ichiran), which means 'List of Job Openings.' In these cases, the word functions as a categorizer. It’s also vital to distinguish between 求人 and 採用 (saiyō). While 求人 is the 'seeking' part, 採用 is the 'hiring' or 'adoption' part. You apply to a 求人 in hopes of being 採用-ed.
- Contextual Nuance
- Use '求人' for formal job hunting. Use 'バイト募集' (baito boshū) for casual part-time work recruitment.
ハローワークで求人票を受け取った。(I received a job posting sheet at Hello Work.)
When speaking about the job market trends, you might say 求人が増える (kyūjin ga fueru) or 求人が減る (kyūjin ga heru). This refers to the macro-level availability of work. If you are a manager, you might discuss the 求人難 (kyūjinnan), which is the difficulty of finding employees due to a labor shortage. This suffix -nan (難) indicates hardship. Conversely, 求人サイト (kyūjin saito) refers to job portals like LinkedIn, Indeed, or Rikunabi. Mastering these collocations allows you to discuss employment with the precision of a native speaker, moving beyond the simple 'I want a job' to 'I am analyzing the current job openings.'
You will encounter 求人 (kyūjin) in a variety of everyday and professional environments in Japan. One of the most common places is at the entrance of convenience stores or supermarkets, where free magazines like 'Townwork' or 'An' are displayed. These are essentially collections of 求人情報 (kyūjin jōhō). On television, you will frequently hear the word in commercials for job search engines. The catchy jingles for 'Indeed' or 'Baitoru' often mention finding the right 求人. In these media contexts, the word is used to represent opportunity and a new start.
- Daily Life Locations
- Train station posters, convenience store magazine racks, and 'Help Wanted' signs in shop windows.
テレビで「求人検索はインディード」というCMをよく見ます。(I often see the CM on TV saying 'Search for job openings on Indeed'.)
In a professional or academic setting, 求人 is the standard term used by career centers at universities. Students looking for their first job after graduation (shūshoku katsudō) will spend hours looking through 求人票 (kyūjin-hyō) provided by companies to the school. In the news, particularly during economic segments, reporters will discuss the 有効求人倍率 (yūkō kyūjin bairitsu). This is a vital statistic that tells the public whether it is currently an 'employee's market' or an 'employer's market.' If the ratio is above 1.0, it means there are more jobs than people looking for them, which is a common topic in modern Japan due to the labor shortage.
- Media Contexts
- Economic news reports, business podcasts, and recruitment agency advertisements.
今朝のニュースで、求人倍率が過去最高になったと言っていました。(The news this morning said the job-opening-to-application ratio reached a record high.)
Finally, if you visit a 'Hello Work' office, the word 求人 is everywhere. It is on the touch-screen computers used for searching, on the forms you fill out, and in the titles of the staff who help you. In this environment, the word carries a more bureaucratic and serious tone. It represents the official legal record of a company's intent to hire. Whether you are listening to a friend talk about their job hunt or reading a high-level economic analysis, 求人 remains the anchor term for the concept of labor demand in Japanese society.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 求人 (kyūjin) with 募集 (boshū). While they both translate to 'recruitment' or 'seeking' in English, their usage is distinct. 求人 is strictly for hiring employees (people for jobs). 募集, however, is much broader. You can 'boshū' participants for a marathon, members for a club, or even suggestions for a new mascot. If you say 'sākuru no kyūjin' (seeking people for a club), it sounds like you are offering a paid professional position to join your hobby group, which is unnatural. Always use 募集 for non-employment contexts.
- Mistake 1: Wrong Context
- Using '求人' for clubs or volunteers. Correct: '募集' (boshū).
× サークルの求人をしています。
○ サークルのメンバーを募集しています。(We are recruiting club members.)
Another common error is confusing 求人 with 採用 (saiyō). As mentioned before, 求人 is the act of looking, while 採用 is the act of hiring. A student might mistakenly say 'Kyūjin sareta' (I was 'job-opened'), which makes no sense. The correct phrase is 'Saiyō sareta' (I was hired). Think of 求人 as the 'Help Wanted' sign and 採用 as the 'Welcome Aboard' handshake. You apply to a 求人, you don't 'become' a 求人.
- Mistake 2: Confusing Action and Result
- Saying 'I was kyūjin-ed' instead of 'I was hired' (saiyō sareta).
× 私はその会社に求人されました。
○ 私はその会社に採用されました。(I was hired by that company.)
Finally, be careful with the word 求職 (kyūshoku). This is the exact opposite of 求人. While 求人 is 'seeking people' (employer's side), 求職 is 'seeking work' (employee's side). If you are looking for a job, you are a 求職者 (kyūshokusha), not a 求人者 (kyūjinsha). Mixing these up in a formal interview or on a resume can be quite embarrassing as it shows a fundamental misunderstanding of the roles in the labor market. Always remember: 'Jin' (人) is what the company wants; 'Shoku' (職) is what the person wants.
To truly master 求人 (kyūjin), you must understand its relationship with similar terms. The most important comparison is with 募集 (boshū). As discussed, 募集 is the general term for 'recruiting' or 'calling for.' While 求人 is specific to jobs, 募集 is used for everything from 'recruiting volunteers' (borantia boshū) to 'inviting applications' for a contest. In a job context, 募集 is often used for part-time jobs (arubaito boshū), whereas 求人 sounds more formal and is typically used for full-time career positions or in official documentation.
- Comparison: 求人 vs 募集
- 求人: Formal, employment-only, 'seeking people'.
募集: General, any context, 'calling for participants'.
求人:正社員の求人を探す。(Looking for full-time job openings.)
募集:アルバイトを募集する。(Recruiting part-time workers.)
Another related word is 採用 (saiyō). This is the 'hiring' part of the process. While 求人 is the advertisement, 採用 is the decision to bring someone on board. A company might have a 採用情報 (saiyō jōhō) page on their website, which is essentially the same as a 求人情報 page, but 採用 sounds more like the company's internal process of selection. Then there is 雇用 (koyō), which means 'employment' as a legal or economic state. You discuss 雇用契約 (koyō keiyaku) (employment contracts), not 'kyūjin' contracts.
- Comparison: 求人 vs 求職
- 求人: Company seeking workers.
求職: Worker seeking a job.
求人サイト:企業が使う。(Used by companies.)
求職活動:仕事を探している人がする。(Done by people looking for work.)
Lastly, consider スカウト (sukauto) (scout) and ヘッドハンティング (heddohantingu) (headhunting). These are specific types of 求人 where the company actively reaches out to a specific individual rather than posting a general ad. While a 求人 is usually a passive net cast into the sea, a scout is a targeted spear. Understanding these distinctions helps you navigate the professional landscape in Japan with much greater confidence and clarity. You'll know exactly which word to use whether you're talking to a recruiter, a friend, or writing a formal email.
How Formal Is It?
Difficulty Rating
Grammar to Know
Noun + を出す (to issue/post)
Noun + に応募する (to apply to)
Noun + を探す (to look for)
Noun + が増える/減る (to increase/decrease)
Noun + 票 (form/sheet suffix)
Examples by Level
求人のチラシを見ました。
I saw a job flyer.
求人 (noun) + の (particle) + チラシ (noun)
ここに求人があります。
There is a job opening here.
Simple existence sentence using あります.
求人、どこですか?
Where is the job opening?
Asking for location.
新しい求人です。
It is a new job opening.
Noun + です.
求人を知っていますか?
Do you know about the job opening?
Using を知っていますか to ask about knowledge.
この求人はいいです。
This job opening is good.
Simple adjective sentence.
求人を探します。
I will look for a job opening.
Object + を + verb (sagasu).
求人の本です。
It is a job opening book (magazine).
Noun + の + Noun.
コンビニの前に求人雑誌があります。
There are job magazines in front of the convenience store.
Location + に + subject + があります.
求人サイトで仕事を探しています。
I am looking for a job on a job site.
Using で to indicate the place of action.
あの店は求人を出していますか?
Is that shop putting out a job ad?
求人を出す is a set phrase.
求人票の書き方を教えてください。
Please tell me how to fill out a job posting sheet.
V-stem + 方 (how to do).
たくさんの求人から選びたいです。
I want to choose from many job openings.
から (from) + 選びたい (want to choose).
求人情報が更新されました。
The job information has been updated.
Passive voice (kōshin sareta).
友達に求人を教えてもらいました。
My friend told me about a job opening.
〜てもらう (to receive an action).
求人の条件を確認しましょう。
Let's check the job conditions.
〜ましょう (let's).
ハローワークに行って、求人を検索しました。
I went to Hello Work and searched for job openings.
Te-form to connect actions.
この求人は、経験がなくても応募できます。
You can apply for this job even without experience.
〜ても (even if) + potential form (応募できる).
求人広告の内容が詳しく書いてあります。
The content of the job ad is written in detail.
〜てある (state resulting from an action).
最近、IT業界の求人が増えています。
Recently, job openings in the IT industry are increasing.
〜ている (continuous state/action).
自分に合った求人を見つけるのは大変です。
Finding a job opening that suits you is difficult.
Nominalizing a verb phrase with のは.
求人に応募する前に、会社について調べます。
Before applying to a job, I research the company.
〜前に (before).
この求人は給料が高いですが、忙しそうです。
This job opening has a high salary, but it looks busy.
〜そうです (looks like).
求人サイトに登録して、メールを待ちます。
I register on the job site and wait for emails.
Te-form for sequence.
有効求人倍率が上昇し、人手不足が深刻化しています。
The active job-opening-to-applicant ratio is rising, and the labor shortage is becoming serious.
Stem-form (上昇し) used as a conjunction in formal speech.
企業は優秀な人材を確保するために、魅力的な求人を出します。
Companies put out attractive job ads to secure talented personnel.
〜ために (in order to).
求人票に記載されている勤務時間を確認してください。
Please check the working hours listed on the job posting sheet.
Passive participle (記載されている) modifying a noun.
景気が悪くなると、求人の数が一気に減ります。
When the economy worsens, the number of job openings drops suddenly.
Conditional 〜と.
求人サイトのアルゴリズムが、最適な仕事を提案してくれます。
The job site's algorithm suggests the best jobs for me.
〜てくれる (someone does something for me).
非正規雇用の求人が増えていることが社会問題になっています。
The increasing number of job openings for non-regular employment is becoming a social issue.
Noun clause + が + 述語.
求人広告の誇大表現には注意しなければなりません。
You must be careful of exaggerated expressions in job advertisements.
〜なければなりません (must).
海外からの求人も視野に入れて、転職活動をしています。
I am job hunting, keeping overseas job openings in mind as well.
〜を視野に入れて (keeping in view).
労働市場の流動化に伴い、求人の形態も多様化している。
With the increasing fluidity of the labor market, the forms of job recruitment are also diversifying.
〜に伴い (along with) - formal literary expression.
求人メディア各社は、AIを活用したマッチング精度の向上に努めている。
Recruitment media companies are striving to improve matching accuracy using AI.
〜に努めている (striving to).
求人票の虚偽記載は、職業安定法によって厳しく禁じられている。
False statements on job posting sheets are strictly prohibited by the Employment Security Act.
Passive voice + 〜によって (by means of/according to).
中小企業にとって、大手企業との求人競争は非常に厳しい。
For small and medium-sized enterprises, the competition for recruitment with large corporations is extremely fierce.
〜にとって (for/from the perspective of).
潜在的な求職者にアプローチするため、リファラル求人が注目されている。
To approach potential job seekers, referral recruitment is gaining attention.
〜ため (purpose) + passive (注目されている).
求人倍率の推移を分析することで、将来の雇用情勢を予測できる。
By analyzing the transition of the job-opening ratio, one can predict future employment conditions.
〜ことで (by doing).
企業ブランディングが、求人における応募者数に直結する。
Corporate branding directly impacts the number of applicants in recruitment.
〜に直結する (directly link to).
求人広告の掲載費用は、採用コストの大きな割合を占めている。
The cost of posting job advertisements accounts for a large percentage of recruitment costs.
〜を占めている (occupies/accounts for).
構造的な人手不足を背景に、求人市場はかつてない売り手市場の様相を呈している。
Against the backdrop of structural labor shortages, the job market is exhibiting an unprecedented seller's market appearance.
〜を背景に (with ... as background) + 〜の様相を呈している (exhibiting the appearance of).
求人情報の透明性を確保することは、労働者の権利を守る上で不可欠な要素である。
Ensuring the transparency of job information is an essential element in protecting workers' rights.
〜上で (in the process of/for the purpose of).
ダイバーシティ経営の観点から、求人の要件定義を見直す動きが広がっている。
From the perspective of diversity management, there is a growing movement to review the definition of job requirements.
〜の観点から (from the viewpoint of).
求人メディアのプラットフォーム化により、情報の非対称性が解消されつつある。
With the platformization of recruitment media, information asymmetry is being resolved.
〜つつある (in the process of).
少子高齢化が加速する中、求人戦略は企業の存続を左右する最重要課題となった。
As the birthrate declines and the population ages, recruitment strategy has become the most important issue affecting a company's survival.
〜中 (amidst) + 〜を左右する (to influence/decide).
求人広告における性差別的な表現の排除は、国際的なスタンダードとなっている。
The elimination of sexist expressions in job advertisements has become an international standard.
〜における (in/at).
ギグ・エコノミーの台頭により、従来の「求人」という概念そのものが変容を迫られている。
With the rise of the gig economy, the very concept of 'recruitment' is being forced to transform.
〜を迫られている (being forced to).
求人倍率の地域間格差は、地方創生における大きな障壁の一つである。
The regional disparity in job-opening ratios is one of the major barriers to regional revitalization.
Noun + 間 (between).
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
Often Confused With
Idioms & Expressions
Easily Confused
Sentence Patterns
How to Use It
求人 is formal; 募集 is more flexible.
求人 is the employer's action; 求職 is the employee's.
- Using 求人 for club recruitment.
- Saying 'I was kyūjin-ed' instead of 'hired'.
- Confusing 求人 (employer's side) with 求職 (employee's side).
- Using 求人 as a suru-verb (kyūjin suru) for yourself searching for work.
- Misspelling the kanji 求 as 救 (save).
Tips
Keyword Search
When searching for jobs in Japan, use '求人' plus your industry, e.g., 'IT 求人' or 'カフェ 求人'.
Particle Choice
Use 'に' when applying: 求人に応募する. Use 'を' when looking: 求人を探す.
Hello Work
Visit a Hello Work office to see how '求人' are officially handled in the Japanese system.
Compound Words
Learn '求人' as part of compounds like '求人広告' to expand your business vocabulary quickly.
Commercials
Watch Japanese TV commercials for job apps to hear the natural pronunciation and context of '求人'.
Magazine Racks
Check the free magazine racks at convenience stores to see real-world examples of '求人' ads.
Cover Letters
Start your cover letter by mentioning where you saw the '求人' to show you are attentive.
Interview Prep
Practice saying 'Kono kyūjin o mite...' (Seeing this job opening...) as an opening line for interviews.
News Tracking
Follow the 'kyūjin bairitsu' in the news to understand the best times to look for a job.
Kanji Logic
Remember: 求 (Seek) + 人 (Person). If you seek a person, you have a job opening.
Memorize It
Word Origin
Sino-Japanese (Kango)
Cultural Context
The intensive job-hunting period for students looking at 'kyūjin'.
The public employment office where 'kyūjin' are officially registered.
Companies known for exploitative 'kyūjin' with misleading conditions.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Conversation Starters
"最近、いい求人を見かけましたか? (Have you seen any good job openings lately?)"
"求人サイトは何を使っていますか? (Which job site do you use?)"
"この求人の条件、どう思いますか? (What do you think of the conditions of this job opening?)"
"求人倍率が上がっているそうですね。 (I heard the job-opening ratio is rising, right?)"
"新しい求人を出す予定はありますか? (Do you have plans to put out a new job ad?)"
Journal Prompts
今日見つけた求人について書いてください。 (Write about a job opening you found today.)
理想の求人の条件は何ですか? (What are the conditions of your ideal job opening?)
求人サイトを使って感じたことを書いてください。 (Write about your experience using a job site.)
日本の求人市場についてどう思いますか? (What do you think about the Japanese job market?)
将来、どんな求人に応募したいですか? (What kind of job opening do you want to apply for in the future?)
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions求人 (kyūjin) is specifically for seeking employees for a job. 募集 (boshū) is a general term for recruiting or calling for participants in any context, such as a club, a contest, or a volunteer activity. In a business setting, 求人 is more formal.
No, you cannot say 'Watashi wa kyūjin shite imasu.' That would mean you are a company looking for workers. If you are looking for a job, use 'Shigoto o sagashite imasu' or 'Kyūshoku chū desu' (I am currently job hunting).
A 求人票 is a standardized job posting sheet used in Japan, especially at 'Hello Work' and university career centers. It contains all the essential details like salary, location, hours, and job description in a specific format.
It is the 'job-opening-to-applicant ratio.' It is calculated by dividing the number of job openings by the number of people looking for work. A ratio of 1.5 means there are 150 jobs for every 100 people.
You can find them on job websites (Indeed, Rikunabi), in free magazines at convenience stores (Townwork), at 'Hello Work' offices, and on posters in shop windows.
Yes, but for part-time jobs, you will more often see the phrase 'アルバイト募集' (Arubaito boshū). 求人 is slightly more formal and is often associated with full-time '正社員' (seishain) positions.
It is a job search website or portal where companies post their openings and job seekers can search and apply for them.
It refers to a 'labor shortage' or the difficulty companies face in finding enough employees to fill their open positions.
You say '求人に応募する' (kyūjin ni ōbo suru).
It is a noun. To use it as an action, you pair it with verbs like 出す (dasu - to post) or 募集する (boshū suru - to recruit).
Test Yourself 179 questions
Write 'Job Opening' in Kanji.
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Write 'I look at job ads' in Japanese.
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Write 'I applied to a job opening' in Japanese.
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Write 'The company put out a job ad' in Japanese.
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Write 'Analyze the job-opening ratio' in Japanese.
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Write the reading for 求人.
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Write 'New job opening' in Japanese.
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Write 'Search for jobs on a site' in Japanese.
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Write 'There is a labor shortage' in Japanese.
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Write 'Transparency of job information' in Japanese.
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Write 'Is there a job?' using 求人.
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Write 'Job magazine' in Japanese.
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Write 'Check the job conditions' in Japanese.
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Write 'Job openings are increasing' in Japanese.
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Write 'Recruitment media strategy' in Japanese.
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Write 'This is a job' in Japanese.
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Write 'I found a job' using 求人.
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Write 'Apply to that job' in Japanese.
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Write 'The number of jobs' in Japanese.
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Say 'Job Opening' in Japanese.
Read this aloud:
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Say 'I look at job ads.'
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Say 'I want to apply to this job.'
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Say 'The job ratio is high.'
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Discuss the labor shortage using '求人難'.
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Ask 'Is there a job opening?'
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Say 'I found a job ad.'
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Say 'I search for jobs on a site.'
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Say 'Job openings are increasing.'
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Explain 'kyūjin' to a beginner.
Read this aloud:
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Say 'New job.'
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Say 'Job magazine.'
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Say 'Good conditions.'
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Say 'Post a job.'
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Say 'Job advertisement.'
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Listen and identify: 'Kyūjin'.
Listen and identify: 'Kyūjin zasshi'.
Listen and identify: 'Kyūjin ni ōbo suru'.
Listen and identify: 'Kyūjin bairitsu'.
Listen and identify: 'Kyūjin-hyō'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin arimasu'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin o dasu'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin o sagasu'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin ga fueru'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin senryaku'.
Listen: 'Kore wa kyūjin desu'.
Listen: 'Ii kyūjin'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin saito'.
Listen: 'Kyūjinnan'.
Listen: 'Kyūjin kōkoku'.
/ 179 correct
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Summary
求人 (kyūjin) is the formal Japanese word for a job opening or recruitment. Use it when you are looking for a professional position or discussing labor demand. Example: '求人サイトで仕事を探す' (Search for a job on a job site).
- 求人 (kyūjin) means 'seeking people' and refers to job openings or advertisements for employment.
- It is a formal term used by companies, whereas 'boshū' is more general for any kind of recruitment.
- Commonly found on job sites, in magazines, and at government employment offices like Hello Work.
- Essential for job seekers to understand market trends like the job-opening-to-applicant ratio.
Keyword Search
When searching for jobs in Japan, use '求人' plus your industry, e.g., 'IT 求人' or 'カフェ 求人'.
Particle Choice
Use 'に' when applying: 求人に応募する. Use 'を' when looking: 求人を探す.
Hello Work
Visit a Hello Work office to see how '求人' are officially handled in the Japanese system.
Compound Words
Learn '求人' as part of compounds like '求人広告' to expand your business vocabulary quickly.
Example
新聞の求人欄を見て、この仕事に応募しました。
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