This page in your language

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

Home
Learn
Korean
Vocabulary
전방위적

B2 determiner/adjective #7,500 most common 12 min read

전방위적

Top 7,500

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 전방위적 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 전방위적 in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 전방위적 might seem very difficult because it is a long word made of Chinese characters (Hanja). However, you can understand it by thinking about the word 'all' or 'everywhere.' Imagine you are in the middle of a circle, and things are happening from every side—front, back, left, and right. That is what '전방위적' means.

Even though beginners don't usually say this word, you might see it on a big sign or in a simple news headline. Think of it like a superhero who can see everything around them. They have 'all-around' vision. In Korean, we use this word when we want to say something is happening in every direction. For example, if a whole city is getting new parks, someone might use this word to say 'parks are being built everywhere.'

To remember it, just remember '전' (Jeon) means 'All.' If you know '전부' (everything), it's the same '전.' It's a very 'big' word for very 'big' things. You don't need to use it with your friends yet, but when you see it, just think: 'Wow, this is happening everywhere!'

As an A2 learner, you are starting to see more formal words. 전방위적 is an adjective that describes something that covers all sides or all parts. In English, we might say 'comprehensive' or 'all-out.' You can break it down: Jeon (All) + Bang-wi (Direction) + Jeok (the suffix that makes it an adjective).

You will often see this word combined with other nouns. For example, '전방위적 지원' means 'all-out support.' If a teacher helps you with grammar, speaking, listening, and writing, they are giving you '전방위적' support. It's not just one thing; it's everything related to that topic.

A good way to practice is to think of a professional situation. If a company sells a lot of different things like phones, TVs, and cars, they are a '전방위적' company. They are everywhere in the market. It's a step up from using simple words like '많이' (a lot) or '모두' (all). Using this word makes you sound more serious and professional.

At the B1 level, you should start recognizing 전방위적 in news articles and TV dramas, especially those about politics or business. This word is used to describe a strategy or an impact that is not limited to one area but spreads to every possible part of a situation. It implies a 360-degree approach.

For example, if the government is trying to stop a virus, they might take '전방위적 조치' (all-out measures). This would include closing borders, testing people, and asking everyone to wear masks. Because they are doing everything from every angle, it is '전방위적.' It is more intense than just saying '여러 가지' (various) or '다양한' (diverse).

You can also use it to describe people. An artist who can sing, dance, act, and write songs is often called a '전방위적 예술가.' This means their talent goes in all directions. When you use this word, you are emphasizing that there are no gaps or missing pieces in the action or the person's ability. Try to use it in your writing when you want to describe a 'complete' or 'total' effort.

For B2 learners, 전방위적 is an essential vocabulary item for achieving fluency in formal Korean. It functions as a determiner or adjective that signifies an omni-directional or comprehensive scope. It is most commonly used in the context of 'pressure' (압박), 'cooperation' (협력), or 'investigation' (수사). The nuance here is the 'totality' and 'intensity' of the action.

In a business context, '전방위적 마케팅' doesn't just mean a lot of ads; it means a coordinated campaign across every possible medium to saturate the consumer's environment. In diplomacy, '전방위 외교' describes a strategic balance where a nation engages with all neighboring powers simultaneously to maximize its national interest. It’s a word that conveys strategic depth.

You should also be aware of its adverbial form, 전방위적으로. For example, '기술 혁신이 산업 전방위적으로 일어나고 있다' (Technological innovation is occurring across all directions of industry). Using this word correctly shows that you understand the nuances of Sino-Korean compounds and can discuss complex societal trends with precision. It distinguishes your speech from more basic descriptions of 'overall' (전체적인) changes.

At the C1 level, you should be able to appreciate the rhetorical power of 전방위적. It is often used in editorial writing and high-level discourse to create a sense of urgency or to emphasize the magnitude of a phenomenon. It evokes a spatial metaphor—a sphere of influence—where every coordinate is being addressed. This makes it a favorite for describing structural changes in society or aggressive legal actions.

Consider the difference between '포괄적' (comprehensive) and '전방위적.' While '포괄적' is often used for abstract concepts or lists (like a comprehensive list of rules), '전방위적' has a more dynamic, active connotation. It suggests movement and reach. If a prosecutor launches a '전방위적 수사,' it implies they are following every lead, no matter where it goes. It sounds more relentless than '철저한' (thorough).

In C1-level discussions, you might use this word to critique a policy: '정부의 전방위적 규제는 오히려 시장의 활력을 떨어뜨릴 수 있다' (The government's all-out regulations could rather diminish market vitality). Here, the word highlights the 'everywhere-at-once' nature of the regulations. Mastering such terms allows you to engage in sophisticated debates about governance, economics, and culture with the appropriate level of gravitas.

For C2 learners, 전방위적 is a tool for precision in highly specialized or literary contexts. It is a 'high-register' word that signals a mastery of the Sino-Korean lexicon. At this level, you can use it to describe complex philosophical or artistic concepts. For instance, '전방위적 사유' (omni-directional thought) would refer to a mode of thinking that transcends traditional boundaries and integrates multiple disciplines into a single, cohesive worldview.

In the realm of geopolitical analysis, you might analyze a '전방위적 위협' (all-out threat) by dissecting how it manifests in cyber-warfare, economic sanctions, and traditional military posturing simultaneously. The word functions as a conceptual anchor for 'totality' in a multi-polar world. You should also be comfortable with its variants and related terms like '전방위성' (the quality of being omni-directional).

Furthermore, at the C2 level, you can use the word ironically or metaphorically in literature to describe a character's overwhelming presence or a pervasive mood. '그녀의 슬픔은 전방위적이었다' (Her sadness was all-encompassing/omni-directional). This usage moves the word from the cold world of news reports into the warm world of human emotion, showing a deep, native-like command of the language's expressive potential. Your ability to deploy such terms with perfect timing and context is the hallmark of a C2 speaker.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

전방위적 in 30 Seconds

Means 'all-directional' or 'comprehensive' in formal Korean.
Used to describe all-out efforts in politics, business, and crime investigations.
Often paired with words like 'pressure' (압박), 'support' (지원), and 'search' (수색).
Signals a high-level, sophisticated vocabulary suitable for news and professional settings.

The Korean word 전방위적 (Jeon-bang-wi-jeok) is a powerful and sophisticated term frequently encountered in formal contexts such as news reports, political analysis, and corporate strategy documents. At its core, it is a Sino-Korean term (Hanja) composed of four characters: 全 (전 - All), 方 (방 - Direction), 位 (위 - Position), and the suffix 的 (적 - -like/-al). Literally translated, it means 'in all directions' or 'omni-directional.' However, its usage extends far beyond physical space. In modern Korean, it describes an approach, influence, or action that is comprehensive, exhaustive, and leaves no stone unturned. When you hear this word, imagine a 360-degree sphere where energy or focus is being applied from every possible angle simultaneously.

Etymological Nuance: The inclusion of '방위' (direction/compass point) suggests a military origin, where a '전방위' defense is one that protects against threats from any side. In civilian life, this has morphed into a metaphor for 'all-out' efforts.
Scope of Influence: It is used to describe phenomena that affect every aspect of a system, such as a '전방위적 경제 위기' (an all-encompassing economic crisis) that hits housing, employment, and consumption all at once.

This word is particularly popular when discussing diplomacy and international relations. A '전방위적 외교' (all-directional diplomacy) refers to a country's strategy to maintain good relations with all major powers and neighboring nations without being biased toward one specific bloc. It implies a high level of strategic complexity and a proactive stance. In the business world, a company might launch a '전방위적 마케팅' (comprehensive marketing) campaign, utilizing social media, television, print ads, and influencer collaborations all at the same time to saturate the market.

검찰은 해당 기업에 대해 전방위적 수사를 벌이고 있습니다.
(The prosecution is conducting an all-out, comprehensive investigation into the company.)

In social discourse, you might hear about '전방위적 압박' (all-out pressure). This could refer to a celebrity facing criticism from the media, fans, and sponsors simultaneously, or a government being pressured by international bodies, domestic protesters, and economic indicators. The word carries a sense of intensity and overwhelming scale. It is not just about the 'whole' (전체), but about the 'multi-faceted' nature of the action. If you are describing a change that is happening everywhere at once, this is the most precise word to use.

기후 변화는 우리 삶에 전방위적인 영향을 미치고 있습니다.
(Climate change is having a comprehensive impact on all aspects of our lives.)

Common Collocations: 압박 (pressure), 수사 (investigation), 지원 (support), 협력 (cooperation), 확산 (spread).

Furthermore, the term is often used to describe the versatility of a person. A '전방위적 예술가' (an all-around artist) is someone who excels in painting, music, writing, and performance. This usage emphasizes that their talent is not confined to a single 'direction' but radiates in all directions. It is a high compliment in professional circles, suggesting mastery across multiple domains. Understanding this word allows a learner to grasp the nuance of 'completeness' through the lens of 'directionality,' a common conceptual framework in Sino-Korean vocabulary.

Using 전방위적 correctly requires understanding its grammatical function as a determiner or an adjective. Usually, it is followed by the particle '-인' when it modifies a noun directly as an adjective (e.g., 전방위적인 노력), or it is used as a noun-modifier (determiner) without any particle (e.g., 전방위적 압박). In formal writing, the latter is more common. Let's explore how to integrate this into various sentence structures to sound more like a native speaker of high-level Korean.

Structure: [Subject] + [전방위적] + [Noun]: 정부는 전방위적 규제 완화를 검토 중이다. (The government is considering an all-out easing of regulations.) Here, the word acts as a modifier for the noun phrase '규제 완화'.

When you want to emphasize that an action is being performed from all angles, you can use it to describe the 'how' of a situation. For instance, in a business meeting, you might say, '우리는 이 문제에 대해 전방위적으로 접근해야 합니다' (We must approach this problem from all directions/comprehensively). By adding '-으로' (the adverbial suffix), you turn the word into an adverb that describes the method of approach. This is highly effective for showing that your strategy is robust and covers all bases.

그 영화 배우는 연기뿐만 아니라 연출, 제작 등 전방위적인 활동을 펼치고 있다.
(That actor is engaging in all-around activities, including not just acting but also directing and producing.)

In more complex sentences, '전방위적' can be used to describe the nature of a crisis or a breakthrough. For example: '4차 산업혁명은 우리 사회의 전방위적 변화를 이끌고 있다' (The 4th Industrial Revolution is leading a comprehensive change across our society). In this case, it emphasizes that the change isn't just technological, but also social, economic, and cultural. It helps the listener understand the scale of the transformation. Use it when '모든' (all) feels too simple and you want to imply a structured, multi-dimensional coverage.

신제품 출시를 앞두고 전방위적인 홍보 전략을 세웠습니다.
(Ahead of the new product launch, we established a comprehensive, all-out promotional strategy.)

Comparative Usage: Compared to '다각적' (multi-angled), '전방위적' is broader. '다각적' suggests looking from several specific angles, while '전방위적' suggests covering the entire 360-degree range without exception.

Lastly, consider the tone. Because it is a Hanja-based word, it carries a formal and serious tone. You wouldn't typically use it when talking about mundane daily tasks, like 'I did a 전방위적 cleaning of my room,' unless you were being humorous or hyperbolic. It is best reserved for professional, academic, or journalistic contexts where you need to convey a sense of thoroughness and professional scale. When used correctly, it adds a layer of sophistication to your Korean that signals a high level of proficiency (B2 and above).

If you turn on a Korean news channel like YTN or KBS News, you are almost guaranteed to hear 전방위적 within the first fifteen minutes. It is a staple of the 'News Korean' register. Journalists use it to summarize complex situations quickly. For example, during an election cycle, they might report on a candidate's '전방위적 공세' (all-out offensive) against their opponent, meaning they are attacking the opponent's policies, personal history, and party affiliation all at once. It provides a vivid image of a relentless, multi-pronged attack.

In Corporate Culture: During quarterly reviews or strategy meetings, CEOs often call for '전방위적 혁신' (all-out innovation). This signals to employees that change isn't just for the R&D department, but for HR, sales, and logistics too.
In Diplomatic Reports: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs often uses '전방위 외교' to describe Korea's position between global superpowers, emphasizing a balanced but comprehensive engagement strategy.

Another common place to find this word is in the headlines of economic newspapers like the 'Maeil Business Newspaper' (매일경제). Headlines like '금리 인상, 가계 경제에 전방위적 타격' (Interest rate hikes, an all-out blow to household economies) are frequent. Here, the word '타격' (blow/hit) combined with '전방위적' paints a picture of financial pain coming from every direction—mortgage payments, credit card interest, and reduced spending power. It’s a very descriptive way to convey the 'total' nature of an economic impact.

한류의 인기는 이제 아시아를 넘어 전 세계적으로 전방위적으로 확산되고 있습니다.
(The popularity of the Korean Wave is now spreading comprehensively across the entire world, beyond just Asia.)

You will also see this word in academic papers and sociological discussions. When discussing the impact of the internet on human behavior, a researcher might describe it as a '전방위적 변화' (omni-directional change), affecting how we communicate, learn, shop, and even think. It serves as a scholarly way to say 'it changed everything in every way.' For a learner, recognizing this word in these contexts is a sign that you are moving into the 'Advanced' (C1) understanding of Korean societal discourse, where abstract concepts are frequently packaged in Sino-Korean compounds.

정부는 저출산 문제 해결을 위해 전방위적인 대책을 내놓았습니다.
(The government has proposed all-out measures to solve the low birth rate problem.)

Lastly, in the context of sports, a '전방위적 플레이어' (all-around player) is a term used for an athlete who can defend, attack, and lead the team—someone like a 'total footballer.' This usage is slightly more modern and shows how the word has moved from strict military/political roots into general praise for versatility. Whether it's a '전방위적 아티스트' or a '전방위적 공격,' the core meaning remains the same: total, multi-angled, and comprehensive coverage.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 전방위적 is using it in overly casual or minor situations. Because the word carries a weight of '360-degree totality,' using it for something small can sound unnatural or unintentionally funny. For example, saying 'I did a 전방위적 search for my lost socks' is overkill. In that case, '구석구석' (in every nook and cranny) or '철저히' (thoroughly) would be much more appropriate. Use '전방위적' when the scale is large—think institutions, markets, or major life changes.

Confusing with '전체적' (Jeon-che-jeok): '전체적' means 'overall' or 'as a whole.' It looks at the big picture. '전방위적' means 'from all directions.' While '전체적' is passive (describing a state), '전방위적' is often active (describing an action or pressure being applied).
Confusing with '전국적' (Jeon-guk-jeok): '전국적' means 'nationwide.' While something that is nationwide might also be '전방위적,' the former refers specifically to geography, while the latter refers to the 'angles' or 'aspects' of the action.

Another mistake is forgetting the particle '-인' when using it as a descriptive adjective in a full sentence. While '전방위적 압박' (determiner usage) is common in headlines, in a formal spoken sentence, '이 압박은 전방위적입니다' (This pressure is all-encompassing) or '전방위적인 압박이 계속되고 있습니다' is grammatically more complete. Skipping the '-인' or '-이다' can make your speech sound like a newspaper headline—clipped and a bit robotic.

❌ 이 문제는 전방위적 어려워요.
✅ 이 문제는 전방위적으로 어렵습니다.
(This problem is difficult in all directions/aspects.)

Finally, be careful with the Hanja. Sometimes learners confuse '방위' (direction) with '방어' (defense). While they are related in military contexts, '전방위적' describes the *direction* of the action, not just the act of defending. It can be used for an attack (공세), a search (수색), or support (지원). If you only associate it with 'defense,' you will miss out on half of its common usage. Always remember: '전' (All) + '방위' (Directions). It's about where the action is coming from or going to.

그는 전방위적인 지식을 갖춘 전문가다.
(He is an expert with comprehensive/all-around knowledge.)

In summary, avoid using it for trivial matters, distinguish it from geographical 'nationwide' terms, and ensure you use the correct adverbial or adjectival endings. Mastering these nuances will prevent you from sounding like you are over-dramatizing a simple situation and instead make you sound like a precise, high-level communicator.

To truly master 전방위적, it’s essential to understand its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. Korean has many words for 'all' or 'comprehensive,' but each has a specific 'flavor.' Let's compare them to see when you should choose one over the other. The primary alternatives are 다각적 (da-gak-jeok), 포괄적 (po-gwal-jeok), and 총체적 (chong-che-jeok).

전방위적 vs. 다각적 (Multi-angled): '다각적' (Multi-angled) implies looking at something from several specific viewpoints. It’s like looking at a diamond from three or four sides. '전방위적' is like looking at it from every single point in a surrounding sphere. Use '다각적' for analysis and '전방위적' for all-out action or pressure.

Then there is 포괄적 (Comprehensive/Inclusive). This word focuses on what is *inside* the scope. If a contract is '포괄적,' it includes many different clauses. If a search is '전방위적,' it is being conducted everywhere. '포괄적' is more about the content, while '전방위적' is more about the reach and the direction of the effort. Another similar word is 총체적 (Holistic/Total). This is often used for 'total failure' (총체적 난국) or 'total crisis.' It describes the state of the whole system being involved, whereas '전방위적' describes the active process of covering all those parts.

우리는 다각적인 분석을 통해 전방위적인 대책을 세웠다.
(We established all-out measures through multi-angled analysis.)

If you are looking for more common, everyday words, you can use 모든 면에서 (in every aspect) or 어느 방향에서나 (from any direction). These are much more natural for casual conversation. For instance, instead of saying '전방위적 지원,' you could say '모든 면에서 도와줄게요' (I'll help you in every way). However, in a business proposal, '전방위적 지원' sounds much more professional and committed. It suggests a systematic and organized level of support rather than just a friendly gesture.

이번 프로젝트는 포괄적인 계획 하에 전방위적으로 진행될 것입니다.
(This project will proceed in an all-out manner under a comprehensive plan.)

Summary of Nuances: 1. 전방위적: All-out, 360-degree, proactive.
2. 다각적: Multi-faceted, analytical.
3. 포괄적: Broad, inclusive, containing everything.
4. 총체적: Holistic, systemic, often used for crises.

Choosing the right word among these synonyms depends on whether you want to emphasize the *angles* of analysis (다각적), the *inclusion* of details (포괄적), the *systemic* nature of the situation (총체적), or the *all-out reach* of the action (전방위적). In the context of the modern Korean language, '전방위적' remains one of the most high-impact words to describe a truly massive and multi-directional effort or influence. Using it correctly will significantly enhance your formal vocabulary profile.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The '적' (的) suffix was popularized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries through Japanese translations of Western academic terms.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /tɕʌnbɐŋwidʑʌk̚/

US /tɕʌnbɐŋwidʑʌk̚/

The primary stress is on the first syllable '전' (Jeon), with secondary stress on '위' (wi).

Rhymes With

정치적 (jeong-chi-jeok) 사회적 (sa-hoe-jeok) 경제적 (gyeong-je-jeok) 심리적 (sim-ri-jeok) 물리적 (mul-ri-jeok) 논리적 (non-ri-jeok) 창의적 (chang-ui-jeok) 열정적 (yeol-jeong-jeok)

Common Errors

Pronouncing '방' as 'Bang' (English explosion) instead of a soft 'Bahng'.
Elongating the final '적' (jeok) too much; it should be a short stop.
Confusing '위' (wi) with '우' (u).

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Common in newspapers but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

Writing 5/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal.

Speaking 4/5

Useful for formal presentations or debates.

Listening 3/5

Frequently heard in news broadcasts.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

전부 (All) 방향 (Direction) 위치 (Position) 적인 (Suffix)

Learn Next

다각적 (Multi-angled) 포괄적 (Comprehensive) 입체적 (3D/Complex)

Advanced

통섭 (Consilience) 유기적 (Organic/Interconnected) 총체적 (Holistic)

Grammar to Know

The '-적' Suffix (Noun to Adjective)

사회 (Society) -> 사회적 (Social)

Adverbial '-으로'

전방위적 + 으로 -> 전방위적으로 (In all directions)

Determiner vs Adjective usage

전방위적 압박 vs 전방위적인 압박

Formal Noun Modification

Using Sino-Korean compounds to increase formality.

Hanja Roots (全, 方, 位)

Understanding root meanings to decipher new words.

Examples by Level

그는 전방위적 도움을 줍니다.

He gives all-around help.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Noun structure.

우리는 전방위적 공부를 해요.

We do all-around studying.

Modifying the noun 'study'.

가게가 전방위적 세일을 해요.

The store is having an all-out sale.

Used to show the scale of the sale.

그는 전방위적 선수예요.

He is an all-around player.

Describing a person's versatility.

전방위적 변화가 있어요.

There is change everywhere.

Simple existential sentence.

그들은 전방위적 협력을 해요.

They cooperate in all directions.

Formal noun phrase.

전방위적 홍보가 필요해요.

We need all-out promotion.

Need + Noun structure.

이것은 전방위적 문제입니다.

This is an all-around problem.

Identifying a problem's scope.

회사는 전방위적 마케팅을 시작했다.

The company started all-out marketing.

Past tense verb with a complex object.

정부는 전방위적 지원을 약속했다.

The government promised all-out support.

Formal promise of support.

그 가수는 전방위적 인기를 얻고 있다.

That singer is gaining all-around popularity.

Present progressive action.

우리는 전방위적 조사를 진행 중이다.

We are conducting a comprehensive investigation.

'중이다' indicates an ongoing process.

그는 전방위적 재능을 가진 사람이다.

He is a person with all-around talent.

Relative clause modifying '사람'.

이 계획은 전방위적 검토가 필요하다.

This plan needs a comprehensive review.

Necessity with a formal noun.

날씨가 전방위적으로 추워졌어요.

The weather has become cold everywhere.

Adverbial usage with '-으로'.

전방위적 압박이 심해지고 있다.

All-out pressure is becoming severe.

Subject is a formal noun phrase.

경찰은 범인을 잡기 위해 전방위적 수색을 벌였다.

The police launched an all-out search to catch the criminal.

Purpose clause + main action.

그 회사는 전방위적 사업 확장을 꾀하고 있다.

The company is planning an all-out business expansion.

'꾀하다' means to plan or aim for.

디지털 기술은 우리 삶에 전방위적 영향을 미친다.

Digital technology has a comprehensive impact on our lives.

'영향을 미치다' is a standard collocation.

그 후보는 전방위적 공세를 펼치며 지지율을 높였다.

The candidate raised their approval rating by launching an all-out offensive.

Simultaneous action with '-며'.

우리는 전방위적 협력을 통해 위기를 극복해야 합니다.

We must overcome the crisis through all-around cooperation.

Means/Method with '-을 통해'.

그 영화는 전방위적 호평을 받으며 흥행에 성공했다.

The movie was a box office success, receiving all-around critical acclaim.

Receiving acclaim (호평을 받다).

정부는 물가 안정을 위해 전방위적 대책을 마련했다.

The government prepared all-out measures for price stability.

Formal preparation (마련하다).

그는 전방위적 예술가로서 다양한 분야에서 활동한다.

As an all-around artist, he is active in various fields.

'As a...' using '-로서'.

이번 사태에 대해 검찰의 전방위적 수사가 불가피해 보인다.

An all-out investigation by the prosecution seems inevitable regarding this incident.

'불가피해 보이다' means 'seems inevitable'.

기업들은 전방위적 혁신 없이는 살아남기 힘들 것이라고 말한다.

Companies say it will be hard to survive without all-out innovation.

Conditional 'without' using '없이는'.

한류 열풍은 이제 문화 전반에 걸쳐 전방위적으로 확산되었다.

The Hallyu craze has now spread comprehensively across all aspects of culture.

Adverbial use describing the spread.

그 나라는 주변 강대국들과 전방위 외교를 펼치고 있다.

The country is engaging in all-directional diplomacy with neighboring superpowers.

Often shortened to '전방위 외교'.

4차 산업혁명은 고용 시장에 전방위적 변화를 몰고 올 것이다.

The 4th Industrial Revolution will bring about comprehensive changes to the job market.

'몰고 오다' means to bring about or usher in.

그는 전방위적 지식을 바탕으로 복잡한 문제를 해결했다.

He solved the complex problem based on his all-around knowledge.

'~을 바탕으로' means 'based on'.

상대 팀의 전방위적 압박에 우리 팀은 고전했다.

Our team struggled against the opponent's all-out pressure.

'고전하다' means to have a hard time/struggle.

정부는 저출산 극복을 위한 전방위적 로드맵을 발표했다.

The government announced an all-out roadmap to overcome the low birth rate.

Formal announcement (발표하다).

사법부는 이번 비리 의혹에 대해 전방위적 압수수색을 단행했다.

The judiciary carried out an all-out search and seizure regarding this corruption allegation.

'단행하다' is a formal word for 'to carry out' a decisive action.

기후 위기는 인류의 생존에 전방위적 위협으로 다가오고 있다.

The climate crisis is approaching as an all-out threat to human survival.

'~으로 다가오다' means to approach as a certain state.

현대 사회에서 개인의 정보는 전방위적으로 노출될 위험이 크다.

In modern society, there is a high risk of an individual's information being exposed in all directions.

Passive risk (노출될 위험).

그 철학자는 인간 존재에 대한 전방위적 성찰을 시도했다.

The philosopher attempted an all-encompassing reflection on human existence.

'성찰' is a high-level word for 'reflection/introspection'.

경제 위기 극복을 위해 정부의 전방위적 개입이 필요하다는 목소리가 높다.

There are loud voices saying that all-out government intervention is needed to overcome the economic crisis.

'목소리가 높다' is an idiom for 'public opinion is strong'.

그 작가는 전방위적 문학 활동을 통해 시대의 아픔을 노래했다.

Through all-around literary activities, the author sang of the pain of the era.

Poetic expression (아픔을 노래하다).

인공지능의 발전은 노동의 가치에 대해 전방위적 질문을 던진다.

The development of AI poses all-encompassing questions about the value of labor.

'질문을 던지다' means to pose/throw a question.

국제 사회는 해당 국가에 대해 전방위적 제재를 가하기로 합의했다.

The international community agreed to impose all-out sanctions on the country in question.

'제재를 가하다' means to impose sanctions.

포스트모더니즘은 기존의 가치 체계에 대한 전방위적 해체를 시도했다.

Postmodernism attempted an all-out deconstruction of existing value systems.

Academic term '해체' (deconstruction).

그의 예술 세계는 장르의 경계를 허무는 전방위적 통섭의 결과물이다.

His artistic world is the result of an all-encompassing consilience that breaks down genre boundaries.

'통섭' (consilience) is a very high-level academic term.

권력의 전방위적 감시는 개인의 자유를 심각하게 위축시킬 수 있다.

The all-out surveillance of power can seriously wither individual freedom.

'위축시키다' means to make something shrink or wither.

언어는 인간의 사고를 전방위적으로 규정하는 틀로 작용한다.

Language acts as a framework that comprehensively defines human thought.

'규정하다' means to define or regulate.

그 정치가는 전방위적 인맥을 동원하여 난관을 돌파했다.

The politician broke through the difficulty by mobilizing an all-out network of connections.

'인맥' (network) + '동원하다' (mobilize).

생태계의 파괴는 인간 문명에 전방위적 부메랑이 되어 돌아올 것이다.

The destruction of the ecosystem will return as an all-encompassing boomerang to human civilization.

Metaphorical use of '부메랑'.

역사학자는 사료에 대한 전방위적 비판을 통해 진실에 접근했다.

The historian approached the truth through an all-out critique of historical records.

'비판' here means 'critical analysis'.

그 기업의 전방위적 독점은 시장의 공정성을 훼손하고 있다.

The company's all-out monopoly is damaging the fairness of the market.

'훼손하다' is a formal word for 'to damage/harm'.

Synonyms

다각적 종합적 전면적 입체적 총체적

Antonyms

부분적 일방적 편향적

Common Collocations

전방위적 압박

전방위적 수사

전방위적 지원

전방위적 협력

전방위적 확산

전방위적 공세

전방위적 혁신

전방위적 활동

전방위적 대책

전방위적 조사

Common Phrases

전방위 외교

— A diplomatic strategy that engages with all major powers equally.

한국은 전방위 외교를 통해 국익을 극대화해야 한다.

전방위 아티스트

— An artist who excels in many different genres or mediums.

그는 그림, 음악, 글쓰기를 모두 하는 전방위 아티스트다.

전방위적 접근

— A method of approaching a problem from every possible angle.

이 난제에 대해 전방위적 접근이 필요합니다.

전방위적 규제

— Regulations that apply to every part of an industry or activity.

정부의 전방위적 규제에 기업들이 반발하고 있다.

전방위적 타격

— A blow or impact that affects everything simultaneously.

고금리는 서민 경제에 전방위적 타격을 준다.

전방위적 홍보

— Marketing through every available channel (TV, Social Media, etc.).

신제품 성공을 위해 전방위적 홍보를 기획했다.

전방위적 수색

— A search operation covering every possible area.

실종자를 찾기 위해 전방위적 수색이 시작되었다.

전방위적 인맥

— A wide network of contacts in many different social circles.

그는 전방위적 인맥을 자랑하는 마당발이다.

전방위적 변화

— Changes occurring in all aspects of a system or life.

기술의 발전은 우리 삶에 전방위적 변화를 가져왔다.

전방위적 위협

— A threat coming from all sides (e.g., economic, military, and social).

국가는 전방위적 위협에 대비해야 한다.

Often Confused With

전방위적 vs 전국적

Refers to geography (nationwide), while 전방위적 refers to directions/aspects.

전방위적 vs 전체적

Means 'overall' (passive state), while 전방위적 means 'from all sides' (active/intense).

전방위적 vs 다각적

Means 'multi-angled' (several specific viewpoints), while 전방위적 means '360-degree' (all sides).

Idioms & Expressions

"전방위로 뛰다"

— To move or work hard in all directions to achieve something.

그는 투자 유치를 위해 전방위로 뛰고 있다.

Neutral

"전방위적 압박을 가하다"

— To apply pressure from every possible angle to force a result.

상대 팀은 전방위적 압박을 가해 승리했다.

Formal

"전방위의 벽"

— Metaphor for being surrounded by obstacles on all sides.

그는 전방위의 벽에 부딪힌 느낌이었다.

Literary

"전방위적 포석"

— Preparing many different things in advance to ensure success (Baduk metaphor).

그는 선거 승리를 위해 전방위적 포석을 깔았다.

Formal/Strategic

"전방위적 레이더"

— Having sensors or awareness of everything happening around.

그 비서는 전방위적 레이더를 가동해 정보를 모은다.

Informal/Metaphorical

"전방위적 공세로 전환하다"

— To switch to an all-out attack strategy.

정당은 전방위적 공세로 전환하여 여론을 주도했다.

Journalistic

"전방위적 수혈"

— Injecting resources (money, talent) into all parts of a failing system.

회사는 자금의 전방위적 수혈을 통해 위기를 모면했다.

Economic

"전방위적 그물망"

— A comprehensive network or system that catches everything.

정부는 세금 탈루를 막기 위해 전방위적 그물망을 쳤다.

Formal

"전방위적 잣대"

— Applying the same standard to every single aspect.

우리는 모든 일에 전방위적 잣대를 들이댈 수 없다.

Critical

"전방위적 날개짓"

— A poetic way to describe someone expanding their activities everywhere.

그의 전방위적 날개짓이 이제 시작되었다.

Literary

Easily Confused

전방위적 vs 전방위

It's the noun form.

Use 전방위 when referring to the concept of all directions; use 전방위적 as a modifier.

전방위에서 적이 나타났다.

전방위적 vs 전면적

Both mean 'full-scale'.

전면적 means 'on the whole front/entire surface', while 전방위적 emphasizes 'every direction'.

전면적 전쟁 (Full-scale war).

전방위적 vs 총체적

Both mean 'total'.

총체적 is often used for failures or systems; 전방위적 is used for actions/influence.

총체적 난국 (Total mess).

전방위적 vs 포괄적

Both mean 'comprehensive'.

포괄적 is about what is included inside; 전방위적 is about the reach outside.

포괄적 지원 (Comprehensive support).

전방위적 vs 보편적

Both imply 'everywhere'.

보편적 means 'universal/common', while 전방위적 means 'omni-directional/active'.

보편적 가치 (Universal values).

Sentence Patterns

정부는 [Noun]에 대해 전방위적 [Noun]을/를 벌였다.

정부는 비리에 대해 전방위적 수사를 벌였다.

[Subject]은/는 전방위적으로 확산되고 있다.

한류는 전방위적으로 확산되고 있다.

[Subject]의 전방위적 [Noun]은/는 [Noun]을/를 훼손한다.

기업의 전방위적 독점은 공정성을 훼손한다.

[Subject]에 대한 전방위적 성찰이 필요하다.

인간 존재에 대한 전방위적 성찰이 필요하다.

그는 [Noun] 등 전방위적인 활동을 한다.

그는 연기, 노래 등 전방위적인 활동을 한다.

[Subject]은/는 [Noun]에 전방위적 타격을 주었다.

불황은 경제에 전방위적 타격을 주었다.

[Noun]의 전방위적 해체는 [Noun]을/를 초래했다.

가치관의 전방위적 해체는 혼란을 초래했다.

[Subject]은/는 전방위적 도움이 필요해요.

우리는 전방위적 도움이 필요해요.

Word Family

Nouns

전방위 (All directions)

방위 (Direction/Compass point)

방위각 (Azimuth/Bearing)

Verbs

전방위화하다 (To make omni-directional)

Adjectives

전방위적인 (All-encompassing/Omni-directional)

전체 (The whole)

사방 (Four directions/Everywhere)

팔방 (Eight directions/Versatile)

다각도 (Multiple angles)

포괄 (Inclusion)

How to Use It

frequency

High in news/business, low in casual daily chat.

Common Mistakes

Using it for small, daily tasks. → Using '구석구석' or '철저히' for small tasks.
'전방위적' is for large-scale or formal contexts.
Confusing '전방위' with '전방' (front line). → Understanding that '전방위' means ALL directions.
'전방' is just the front; '전방위' is 360 degrees.
Forgetting the '-적' suffix. → Always include '-적' or '-적인' when modifying a noun.
Without the suffix, '전방위' is just a noun meaning 'all directions'.
Pronouncing '위' as '우'. → Pronouncing it as 'wi' (wee).
The 'wi' sound is distinct in Korean and changes the meaning if mispronounced.
Using it interchangeably with '전국적'. → Use '전국적' for geography and '전방위적' for aspects/directions.
Nationwide (전국적) is a specific type of 'everywhere'.

Tips

Hanja Power

Learning '전' (All) and '방향' (Direction) will help you understand dozens of other Korean words.

Sound Professional

Use this word during presentations to show you have a comprehensive strategy.

News Keywords

This is a 'keyword' for news. When you hear it, get ready for a summary of a big event.

Headline Style

In titles, drop the '-인' and just use '전방위적 + Noun' for a punchy look.

Global Mindset

In Korea, being '전방위적' is seen as being prepared for anything.

Adverb Form

Don't forget '-으로' when you want to describe *how* something is done.

Intensity

Choose this word when 'everywhere' isn't strong enough and you want to say 'everywhere at once!'

360 Degrees

Associate this word with a circle. It covers all 360 degrees.

Business Context

Use it when discussing market expansion or company-wide innovation.

Self-Check

Can you replace '전방위적' with 'all-out' in your English translation? If so, you're using it right.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Jeon' (All) as a 'John' who goes in all 'Bang' (Directions). John is everywhere!

Visual Association

Imagine a compass with arrows pointing in every single degree of the circle, not just N, S, E, W.

Word Web

Politics Marketing Defense Search Support Innovation Pressure Versatility

Challenge

Try to describe your favorite multi-talented celebrity using '전방위적' in a sentence today.

Word Origin

Composed of Hanja characters: 全 (전 - All), 方 (방 - Direction), 位 (위 - Position), and 的 (적 - Suffix).

Original meaning: Originally a military term referring to a 360-degree defensive or offensive posture.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based).

Cultural Context

No specific sensitivities, but using it in very casual settings might make you sound overly formal or stiff.

The closest English equivalent is 'all-out' or 'comprehensive,' but 'omni-directional' captures the spatial nuance better.

News headlines regarding '전방위적 수사' (All-out investigation) into political scandals. The term '전방위 아티스트' used for figures like Paik Nam-june (video artist). Military briefings regarding '전방위 방어 체계' (Omni-directional defense systems).

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Politics

전방위적 압박
전방위 외교
전방위적 공세
전방위적 제재

Business

전방위적 마케팅
전방위적 혁신
전방위적 지원
전방위적 사업 확장

Legal/Crime

전방위적 수사
전방위적 수색
전방위적 압수수색
전방위적 조사

Arts/Culture

전방위 아티스트
전방위적 활동
전방위적 인기
전방위적 호평

Science/Tech

전방위적 변화
전방위적 영향
전방위적 확산
전방위적 데이터

Conversation Starters

"최근 그 기업이 전방위적 마케팅을 하고 있는데, 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"전방위적 인재가 되기 위해 가장 필요한 자질은 무엇일까요?"

"기후 변화에 대한 전방위적 대책이 시급하다고 보시나요?"

"그 예술가의 전방위적 활동 중에서 어떤 분야가 가장 인상 깊었나요?"

"정부의 전방위적 규제가 경제에 어떤 영향을 미칠까요?"

Journal Prompts

내가 만약 전방위적 재능을 가질 수 있다면, 어떤 분야들을 선택하고 싶은가요?

최근 내 삶에 전방위적 변화를 가져온 사건이 있다면 무엇인지 적어보세요.

우리 사회가 직면한 가장 큰 문제에 대해 전방위적 해결책을 제안해 보세요.

내가 아는 '전방위 아티스트' 한 명을 소개하고 그 이유를 설명해 보세요.

전방위적 압박을 느꼈을 때, 어떻게 극복했는지 그 경험을 공유해 보세요.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, it is frequently used for positive things like '전방위적 지원' (all-out support) or '전방위적 인기' (all-around popularity). It simply emphasizes the scale and completeness.

Yes, '전방위 아티스트' or '전방위적 인재' are common ways to describe multi-talented people who excel in many different areas.

It is pronounced like the 'wee' in 'week.' Make sure to keep it short and blend it with the 'jeok' sound.

It might sound a bit too formal or dramatic unless you are talking about something very serious or being jokingly hyperbolic.

'다각적' means looking from several specific angles. '전방위적' means covering every single angle (360 degrees). '전방위적' is much broader.

Not inherently. It depends on the noun it modifies. '전방위적 압박' is negative, but '전방위적 협력' is positive.

全 (전 - All), 方 (방 - Direction), 位 (위 - Position), 的 (적 - Suffix).

Yes, '전방위적인' is the full adjectival form, while '전방위적' is often used as a determiner in headlines. Both are correct.

You could use '모든' (all) or '다양한' (various), but you will lose the specific 'all-directional' nuance.

It became a staple of Korean media in the late 20th century, especially in political and diplomatic reporting.