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Vocabulary
날씨가 나쁘다

A1 adjective 8 min read

날씨가 나쁘다

nalssiga nappeuda

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 날씨가 나쁘다 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 날씨가 나쁘다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '날씨가 나쁘다' is one of the first descriptive phrases you learn. You should focus on the basic structure: the noun '날씨' (weather), the subject particle '가', and the adjective '나쁘다'. At this stage, you simply need to know how to state that the weather is bad in the present tense ('나빠요') and the past tense ('나빴어요'). You use this to answer basic questions like '오늘 날씨가 어때요?' (How is the weather today?). It is a critical survival phrase for daily life and basic social interactions. You should also be able to recognize the negative version '날씨가 안 좋아요' as a synonym.

At the A2 level, you begin to use '날씨가 나쁘다' with more complex grammatical connectors. You will learn to say '날씨가 나빠서...' (Because the weather is bad...) to explain reasons for changing plans. You also start using modifiers, such as '나쁜 날씨' (bad weather), to describe nouns. At this level, you should be comfortable with the future tense '나쁠 거예요' (it will be bad) to discuss forecasts. You might also start to distinguish between '나쁘다' and more specific adjectives like '흐리다' (cloudy) or '비가 오다' (to rain).

At the B1 level, you can use '날씨가 나쁘다' to express opinions and conjectures. You might use endings like '-네요' to express surprise or agreement ('날씨가 정말 나쁘네요!'), or '-나요?' to ask polite questions. You should be able to understand the phrase in the context of news weather reports, where it might be paired with adverbs like '상당히' (considerably) or '매우' (very). You also begin to understand the social nuance of using weather talk as a conversational lubricant in Korean culture.

At the B2 level, your usage of '날씨가 나쁘다' becomes more nuanced. You might use it in hypothetical situations using '-었더라면' (if it had been...) or '-을 텐데' (it would have been...). You start to recognize more formal or literary alternatives like '기상 조건이 좋지 않다' or '날씨가 궂다'. You can also discuss the implications of bad weather on the economy or health, using the phrase as a starting point for more complex discussions about fine dust or climate change in Korea.

At the C1 level, '날씨가 나쁘다' is often replaced by more sophisticated vocabulary in your own speech, but you understand its use in various registers. You might encounter the phrase in literature where it serves as a metaphor for a character's state of mind or a society's condition. You understand the historical and cultural context of weather in Korea, including how traditional agriculture-based society viewed 'bad weather' (droughts or floods) as a sign of heavenly displeasure.

At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of the phrase and its myriad variations. You can distinguish between the subtle emotional undertones of '날씨가 나쁘다' versus '날씨가 험악하다' (threatening/fierce weather). You can use the phrase ironically or metaphorically in high-level debates or creative writing. You understand the etymological roots of '나쁘다' and how its meaning has evolved over centuries to encompass not just physical badness but also moral and environmental conditions.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

날씨가 나쁘다 in 30 Seconds

Means 'The weather is bad' in Korean.
Composed of '날씨' (weather) and '나쁘다' (bad).
Used frequently as an ice-breaker in conversation.
Must be conjugated correctly (e.g., 나빠요, 나쁩니다).

The phrase 날씨가 나쁘다 is a fundamental building block of the Korean language, particularly for beginners at the A1 level. It is composed of two primary elements: 날씨 (weather) and the adjective 나쁘다 (to be bad), joined by the subject marking particle 가. In its most literal sense, it translates to 'the weather is bad.' However, its usage in Korean social dynamics is much broader than a simple meteorological observation. In Korea, weather is one of the most common ice-breakers and small-talk topics, often used to establish rapport before diving into more serious conversation. When a Korean speaker says '날씨가 나쁘네요,' they are often inviting the listener to agree and share a common emotional state regarding the environment.

Literal Meaning: The state of the atmosphere is undesirable, unfavorable, or unpleasant for outdoor activities.
Social Function: Used as a phatic expression to initiate conversation or express shared disappointment about external conditions.
Grammatical Structure: Subject (날씨) + Particle (가) + Adjective (나쁘다). Unlike English, Korean adjectives function like verbs and do not require a separate 'is' (copula).

오늘 날씨가 나쁘다고 들었어요. (I heard the weather is bad today.)

Understanding '나쁘다' is crucial because it is the antonym of '좋다' (to be good). While '나쁘다' is the dictionary form, in real-life scenarios, you will almost always hear it conjugated. For example, in polite conversation, it becomes '나빠요' or '나쁩니다.' In casual settings among friends, it is '나빠.' Interestingly, 'bad weather' in Korea doesn't just refer to rain or snow; it increasingly refers to high levels of fine dust (미세먼지), which has become a significant environmental concern. Therefore, when someone mentions the weather is bad today, they might be referring to air quality rather than precipitation.

어제는 날씨가 나빴어요. (The weather was bad yesterday.)

Furthermore, the intensity of the 'badness' can be modified using adverbs. '매우 나쁘다' (very bad), '조금 나쁘다' (a little bad), or '정말 나쁘다' (really bad) are common variations. In formal reports or news broadcasts, you might hear '기상 조건이 악화되다' (weather conditions are worsening), which is a more advanced way to express that the weather is becoming '나쁘다'. As a learner, mastering this phrase allows you to participate in the most basic level of Korean social etiquette: complaining about the rain or the heat together with your peers.

주말에 날씨가 나쁘면 집에 있을 거예요. (If the weather is bad on the weekend, I will stay home.)

Using 날씨가 나쁘다 effectively requires an understanding of Korean conjugation and sentence structure. Since '나쁘다' is an adjective (descriptive verb), it follows the standard rules for irregular 'ㅡ' (eu) stem adjectives. When the suffix '-아/어' is added, the 'ㅡ' is dropped, and because the preceding vowel is 'ㅏ', it remains 'ㅏ', resulting in '나빠'. This is a key point for learners to avoid the mistake of saying '나쁘어요'.

Present Tense (Polite): 날씨가 나빠요 (The weather is bad). This is the most common form for daily interaction.
Past Tense (Polite): 날씨가 나빴어요 (The weather was bad). Used to describe weather during a past event or trip.
Future Tense (Polite): 날씨가 나쁠 거예요 (The weather will be bad). Used for forecasts or predictions.

내일은 날씨가 나쁠까요? (Do you think the weather will be bad tomorrow?)

When describing a noun with this phrase, such as 'bad weather,' the adjective must take the modifier form. '나쁘다' becomes '나쁜'. Thus, 'bad weather' is '나쁜 날씨'. For example, '나쁜 날씨 때문에 비행기가 취소됐어요' (The flight was canceled because of the bad weather). Notice how the word order changes: the adjective precedes the noun it modifies, similar to English.

In more complex sentences, you might use connectors like '-아서/어서' (because) or '-지만' (but). For instance, '날씨가 나빠서 소풍을 못 갔어요' (I couldn't go on a picnic because the weather was bad). Or, '날씨가 나쁘지만 나가야 해요' (The weather is bad, but I have to go out). These structures allow you to express cause, effect, and contrast, which are essential for moving beyond the A1 level.

요즘 계속 날씨가 나쁘네요. (The weather has been bad lately, hasn't it?)

You will encounter 날씨가 나쁘다 in a variety of real-world contexts, ranging from casual elevator talk to formal media reports. In the workplace, colleagues often use it as a way to transition into a conversation. If you arrive at the office shaking off an umbrella, a coworker might say, '오늘 날씨가 참 나쁘죠?' (The weather is quite bad today, right?). It’s a way of acknowledging a shared struggle, like a difficult commute in the rain.

In Public Transport: Announcements often use more formal terms, but passengers will mutter '날씨가 왜 이렇게 나빠?' (Why is the weather so bad?) when delays occur.
News & Weather Apps: Apps like Naver Weather or Kakao will use descriptors like '나쁨' (Bad) to indicate air quality or general conditions.
K-Dramas & Movies: Weather is often used as a pathetic fallacy to reflect a character's internal turmoil or to foreshadow a tragic event.

기상캐스터: '내일은 황사 때문에 날씨가 매우 나쁘겠습니다.' (Weather Caster: 'Tomorrow, the weather will be very bad due to yellow dust.')

In modern Korea, 'bad weather' is synonymous with 'fine dust' (미세먼지). On days when the sky is grey not because of clouds but because of pollution, people will check their 'Mise-Mise' app and comment on how bad the weather is. In this context, '나쁘다' isn't just about rain; it's about health and visibility. You will hear parents telling their children, '날씨가 나쁘니까 마스크 꼭 써라' (The weather is bad, so make sure to wear a mask).

친구: '오늘 야구장 갈 거야?' 나: '아니, 날씨가 너무 나빠서 취소했어.' (Friend: 'Are you going to the baseball stadium?' Me: 'No, I canceled it because the weather is too bad.')

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning Korean is the confusion between adjectives and verbs. In English, we say 'The weather IS bad,' using the copula 'is.' In Korean, 나쁘다 already contains the meaning of 'to be bad.' Therefore, saying '날씨가 나쁘다 이다' is redundant and grammatically incorrect. You simply conjugate the adjective itself.

Particle Confusion: Using the object particle '를' (날씨를 나쁘다) instead of the subject particle '가'. Adjectives in Korean take subjects, not objects.
Phonetic Confusion: Confusing '나쁘다' (bad) with '바쁘다' (busy). Beginners often say '날씨가 바빠요' (The weather is busy), which is nonsensical.
Conjugation Error: Saying '나쁘아요' instead of the correct '나빠요'. Remember the 'ㅡ' irregular rule.

Wrong: 날씨를 나빠요. (X)
Correct: 날씨가 나빠요. (O)

Another mistake involves the nuance of 'bad.' In English, we might say 'The weather is not good.' In Korean, '날씨가 안 좋아요' (Weather is not good) is often preferred over '날씨가 나쁘다' when the weather is just slightly unpleasant or cloudy. '나쁘다' can sound a bit more definitive or harsh. Using '안 좋다' is a safe, soft alternative that sounds very natural in daily conversation. However, for genuinely stormy or hazardous weather, '나쁘다' or '험하다' (rough) is more appropriate.

Wrong: 날씨가 나쁘고 있어요. (X) - Adjectives cannot take the progressive '-고 있다'.
Correct: 날씨가 나빠지고 있어요. (O) - Use '-아/어지다' to mean 'becoming'.

While 날씨가 나쁘다 is the standard way to express bad weather, Korean offers a rich variety of specific terms that provide more detail. Depending on whether it's raining, windy, or just cloudy, you might choose a different expression to sound more like a native speaker.

날씨가 안 좋다 (Weather is not good): The most common alternative. It's softer and used for general unpleasantness.
날씨가 흐리다 (Weather is cloudy/gloomy): Used specifically when the sky is overcast but it might not be raining yet.
날씨가 궂다 (Weather is foul/incliment): A more literary or traditional term often used for persistent rain or wind.
기상이 악화되다 (Weather conditions worsen): Formal/Academic term used in news or official reports.

오늘 날씨가 흐리네요. 곧 비가 올 것 같아요. (The weather is cloudy today. I think it will rain soon.)

In terms of antonyms, '날씨가 좋다' (Weather is good) is the direct opposite. If you want to be more specific, '날씨가 맑다' (Weather is clear) is used for sunny, bright days. In Korean culture, clear weather is highly valued, and you will often hear people exclaiming '날씨 진짜 좋다!' (The weather is really good!) during the spring and autumn months.

비가 와서 날씨가 궂어요. (The weather is foul because it's raining.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In old Korean, '나쁘다' and '아쁘다' (painful/sick) shared similar roots, reflecting how 'bad' things were often associated with physical discomfort or lack.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /nal.ɕ͈i.ɡa na.p͈ɯ.da/

US /nal.ɕ͈i.ɡa na.p͈ɯ.da/

Primary stress is often on the first syllable of each word: NAL-ssi-ga NA-ppu-da.

Rhymes With

기분이 나쁘다 (gibuni nappuda) 사이가 나쁘다 (saiga nappuda) 머리가 나쁘다 (meoriga nappuda) 건강이 나쁘다 (geongangi nappuda) 성격이 나쁘다 (seonggyeogi nappuda) 시력이 나쁘다 (siryeogi nappuda) 공기가 나쁘다 (gonggiga nappuda) 전망이 나쁘다 (jeonmangi nappuda)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'ss' as a soft English 's'.
Pronouncing 'pp' as an aspirated English 'p' (like in 'pie').
Confusing the vowel 'eu' (ㅡ) with 'oo' (ㅜ).
Failing to use the tense 'ss' and 'pp' correctly.
Mumbling the subject particle 'ga'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 1/5

Very easy to read as it uses basic Hangul and a common particle.

Writing 2/5

Requires knowledge of the 'ㅡ' irregular conjugation.

Speaking 2/5

Requires correct tense 'ss' and 'pp' sounds.

Listening 1/5

Very distinct and commonly heard in daily life.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

날 (day) 가 (particle) 좋다 (good)

Learn Next

비가 오다 (to rain) 눈이 오다 (to snow) 바람이 불다 (to be windy)

Advanced

기상 (meteorology) 강수량 (precipitation) 미세먼지 (fine dust)

Grammar to Know

Subject Particle -가/-이

날씨가 나쁘다 (Weather is bad)

ㅡ Irregular Adjectives

나쁘다 -> 나빠요

Reason Connector -아서/어서

날씨가 나빠서 안 가요.

Condition Connector -(으)면

날씨가 나쁘면 집에 있어요.

Adjective Modifier -(ㄴ/은)

나쁜 날씨 (Bad weather)

Examples by Level

오늘 날씨가 나빠요.

The weather is bad today.

Present polite form.

날씨가 나쁩니다.

The weather is bad.

Formal polite form.

어제 날씨가 나빴어요.

The weather was bad yesterday.

Past polite form.

날씨가 나빠?

Is the weather bad?

Informal question.

날씨가 정말 나빠요.

The weather is really bad.

Adverb '정말' used for emphasis.

날씨가 조금 나빠요.

The weather is a little bad.

Adverb '조금' used for mitigation.

날씨가 나빠서 집에 있어요.

The weather is bad, so I am at home.

-아서/어서 connector for cause.

나쁜 날씨예요.

It is bad weather.

Modifier form '나쁜' + noun '날씨'.

내일 날씨가 나쁠까요?

Do you think the weather will be bad tomorrow?

-을까요? for conjecture.

날씨가 나쁘지만 나가야 해요.

The weather is bad, but I have to go out.

-지만 connector for contrast.

날씨가 나쁘면 취소하세요.

If the weather is bad, please cancel it.

-면 connector for condition.

오늘 날씨가 왜 이렇게 나쁘죠?

Why is the weather so bad today?

-죠? for seeking agreement.

날씨가 나빠서 운전하기 힘들어요.

It's hard to drive because the weather is bad.

Adjective + -기 힘들다 structure.

날씨가 나쁘니까 마스크를 쓰세요.

Since the weather is bad (dusty), please wear a mask.

-니까 for giving a reason/command.

날씨가 나빠지고 있어요.

The weather is getting bad.

-아/어지다 for change of state.

나쁜 날씨 때문에 늦었어요.

I was late because of the bad weather.

Noun + 때문에 for cause.

날씨가 나빠도 가고 싶어요.

Even if the weather is bad, I want to go.

-아/어도 for 'even if'.

날씨가 나쁠까 봐 걱정돼요.

I'm worried the weather might be bad.

-을까 봐 for fear/worry.

날씨가 나쁜데 어디 가세요?

The weather is bad; where are you going?

-ㄴ/은데 for background info.

날씨가 나쁜 편이에요.

The weather is on the bad side.

-ㄴ/은 편이다 for tendency.

날씨가 나쁘다고 들었는데 아니네요.

I heard the weather was bad, but it's not.

Indirect quotation + contrast.

날씨가 나쁠수록 조심해야 해요.

The worse the weather, the more careful you must be.

-을수록 for 'the more... the more'.

날씨가 나쁜지 확인해 보세요.

Please check if the weather is bad.

-ㄴ/은지 for 'whether'.

날씨가 나빠서 기분이 우울해요.

I feel depressed because the weather is bad.

Expressing emotion related to weather.

날씨가 나쁠 것이라는 예보가 있어요.

There is a forecast that the weather will be bad.

Noun clause with -는 것이라는.

날씨가 나빠서 비행기가 지연될 수 있습니다.

Flights may be delayed due to bad weather.

Formal possibility.

날씨가 나쁨에도 불구하고 경기는 계속되었습니다.

Despite the bad weather, the game continued.

-음에도 불구하고 for 'despite'.

날씨가 나쁘기로 유명한 지역입니다.

This is a region famous for bad weather.

-기로 유명하다 for 'famous for'.

날씨가 나쁠 줄 알았는데 다행히 맑네요.

I thought the weather would be bad, but fortunately it's clear.

-을 줄 알았다 for 'thought that'.

날씨가 나쁜 만큼 준비를 철저히 하세요.

Prepare thoroughly to the extent that the weather is bad.

-ㄴ/은 만큼 for 'to the extent'.

날씨가 나빠질 기미가 보여요.

There are signs the weather is going to get bad.

-ㄹ 기미가 보이다 for 'signs of'.

날씨가 나쁘다니 믿기지 않아요.

I can't believe it when you say the weather is bad.

-다니 for expressing surprise at info.

날씨가 나쁘다는 핑계로 모임을 미뤘다.

He postponed the meeting using the bad weather as an excuse.

-다는 핑계로 for 'using as an excuse'.

날씨가 나쁘면 나쁜 대로 운치가 있다.

If the weather is bad, it has its own atmosphere (charm).

-ㄴ 대로 for 'in its own way'.

날씨가 나빠서인지 거리가 한산하다.

Perhaps because the weather is bad, the streets are empty.

-아서/어서인지 for 'perhaps because'.

날씨가 나쁘기만 하면 다행이게요?

Would it be okay if the weather was just bad? (implying it's worse)

Rhetorical question structure.

날씨가 나쁘니만큼 안전 운행에 유의하십시오.

Since the weather is bad, please be mindful of safe driving.

-니만큼 for 'insofar as'.

날씨가 나쁘다기보다는 변덕스럽다고 해야 할까요?

Should I say the weather is fickle rather than bad?

-다기보다는 for 'rather than'.

날씨가 나빠서 계획이 수포로 돌아갔다.

The plan came to nothing because the weather was bad.

Idiomatic expression '수포로 돌아가다'.

날씨가 나쁘다는 사실을 간과해서는 안 된다.

One must not overlook the fact that the weather is bad.

Formal '간과해서는 안 된다'.

날씨가 나쁘다는 것은 주관적인 판단일 수 있다.

That the weather is bad can be a subjective judgment.

Abstract noun clause.

날씨가 나빠짐에 따라 대기 오염에 대한 우려가 커지고 있다.

As the weather worsens (becomes bad), concerns about air pollution are growing.

-함에 따라 for 'as something happens'.

날씨가 나쁘다 한들 우리의 열정을 막을 수는 없다.

Even if the weather is bad, it cannot stop our passion.

-ㄴ다 한들 for 'even if/granted that'.

날씨가 나쁘고 좋고를 떠나서 일단 출발하자.

Regardless of whether the weather is bad or good, let's just leave.

-고 -고를 떠나서 for 'regardless of'.

날씨가 나쁘기로는 이번 달이 최고인 것 같다.

In terms of bad weather, this month seems to be the worst.

-기로는 for 'in terms of'.

날씨가 나쁘다는 미명 하에 책임을 회피했다.

He avoided responsibility under the pretext of bad weather.

Literary '미명 하에'.

날씨가 나쁘다는 소문이 자자하다.

Rumors are rife that the weather (conditions) are bad.

Idiomatic '소문이 자자하다'.

날씨가 나쁘다 함은 곧 시련이 닥칠 것임을 암시한다.

That the weather is bad implies that a trial is imminent.

Philosophical/Literary tone.

Common Collocations

날씨가 아주 나쁘다

날씨가 나빠지다

날씨가 나쁜 편이다

날씨가 나빠서

날씨가 나쁘면

나쁜 날씨 때문에

날씨가 나쁠 때

날씨가 나쁠 줄

날씨가 나쁘기로는

날씨가 나쁘다고 하다

Common Phrases

날씨가 왜 이래?

— What's with the weather? Used when weather is unexpectedly bad.

비가 갑자기 오네, 날씨가 왜 이래?

날씨가 나빠서 다행이다

— It's a relief the weather is bad. Used ironically or if one wanted an excuse to stay in.

나가기 싫었는데 날씨가 나빠서 다행이다.

날씨가 나쁠 징조

— Signs of bad weather. Used for omens like red skies or low birds.

저 구름은 날씨가 나쁠 징조예요.

날씨가 나쁜 날

— A day with bad weather.

날씨가 나쁜 날에는 파전을 먹어요.

날씨가 나빠도 상관없다

— It doesn't matter if the weather is bad.

우리는 실내에서 노니까 날씨가 나빠도 상관없어.

날씨가 나쁘기로 소문나다

— To be rumored/known for bad weather.

그곳은 날씨가 나쁘기로 소문난 곳이야.

날씨가 나쁠 예정이다

— The weather is scheduled/expected to be bad.

내일은 날씨가 나쁠 예정입니다.

날씨가 나빠질 것 같다

— It seems the weather will get bad.

하늘을 보니 날씨가 나빠질 것 같아요.

날씨가 나빠도 가야지

— I have to go even if the weather is bad.

약속이니까 날씨가 나빠도 가야지.

날씨가 나쁜 게 흠이다

— The bad weather is the only flaw.

다 좋은데 날씨가 나쁜 게 흠이네요.

Often Confused With

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 바쁘다

Means 'busy'. Don't say the weather is busy!

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 아프다

Means 'sick/painful'. Don't say the weather is sick!

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 기분이 나쁘다

Means 'to be in a bad mood'. '날씨' is weather, '기분' is mood.

Idioms & Expressions

"비 온 뒤에 땅이 굳어진다"

— After the rain, the ground hardens. Challenges make you stronger.

싸운 뒤에 더 친해졌으니 비 온 뒤에 땅이 굳어진 셈이죠.

Proverb

"마른 하늘에 날벼락"

— A bolt from the blue. A sudden disaster in 'good' weather.

그 소식은 마른 하늘에 날벼락이었어요.

Common Idiom

"가는 날이 장날"

— The day you go is market day. Bad timing (often weather-related).

여행 가려는데 비가 오니 가는 날이 장날이네.

Proverb

"구름 낀 하늘"

— Cloudy sky. Often used to describe a gloomy outlook.

그녀의 표정은 구름 낀 하늘 같았다.

Metaphor

"바람 잘 날 없다"

— There is no day without wind. Constant trouble/peace never lasts.

우리 집은 아이들 때문에 바람 잘 날 없어요.

Common Idiom

"해 뜰 날"

— A day when the sun rises. Better days ahead after 'bad weather'.

고생 끝에 낙이 온다니 해 뜰 날이 있겠죠.

Optimistic Idiom

"눈 코 뜰 새 없다"

— Not having time to open eyes or nose. Extremely busy (like a blizzard).

요즘 일이 많아서 눈 코 뜰 새 없어요.

Common Idiom

"가뭄에 콩 나듯"

— Like beans sprouting in a drought. Very rare occurrence.

그는 가뭄에 콩 나듯 가끔 연락한다.

Metaphor

"산 넘어 산"

— Mountain after mountain. One problem after another (like bad hiking weather).

숙제를 다 하니 시험이네요. 산 넘어 산이에요.

Common Idiom

"태풍의 눈"

— The eye of the storm. A calm center in a bad situation.

그는 지금 사건의 태풍의 눈에 있다.

Metaphor

Easily Confused

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 흐리다

Both describe undesirable weather.

'흐리다' is specifically cloudy, while '나쁘다' is a general term for bad conditions.

하늘이 흐리지만 날씨가 나쁘지는 않아요.

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 안 좋다

They mean the same thing.

'안 좋다' is slightly more common and softer in casual speech.

오늘 날씨가 좀 안 좋네요.

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 춥다

Cold weather is often considered bad.

'춥다' only means cold. You can have good cold weather (sunny but cold).

날씨가 춥지만 맑아서 좋아요.

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 궂다

Both mean bad weather.

'궂다' is more formal and often implies wet, unpleasant weather.

궂은 날씨에도 와주셔서 감사합니다.

날씨가 나쁘다 vs 험하다

Used for bad conditions.

'험하다' implies danger or extreme roughness (like a storm).

날씨가 험해서 배가 못 떠요.

Sentence Patterns

N이/가 Adj-다

날씨가 나쁘다.

N이/가 Adj-아요/어요

날씨가 나빠요.

Adj-아서/어서 ...

날씨가 나빠서 못 가요.

Adj-ㄴ/은 N

나쁜 날씨 때문에...

Adj-ㄴ/은데 ...

날씨가 나쁜데 어디 가요?

Adj-을까 봐 ...

날씨가 나쁠까 봐 걱정돼요.

Adj-음에도 불구하고 ...

날씨가 나쁨에도 불구하고...

Adj-다기보다는 ...

날씨가 나쁘다기보다는 흐려요.

Word Family

Nouns

날씨 (weather)

기상 (meteorological conditions)

악천후 (bad weather/foul weather)

Verbs

나빠지다 (to worsen/become bad)

Adjectives

나쁘다 (bad)

안 좋다 (not good)

궂다 (foul)

흐리다 (cloudy)

비 (rain)

눈 (snow)

바람 (wind)

태풍 (typhoon)

미세먼지 (fine dust)

How to Use It

frequency

Very frequent, especially during the rainy season (July) and fine dust seasons (Spring/Winter).

Common Mistakes

날씨를 나쁘다 → 날씨가 나쁘다
Adjectives take the subject particle '가/이', not the object particle '를/을'.
날씨가 바빠요 → 날씨가 나빠요
Confusing '나쁘다' (bad) with '바쁘다' (busy). Weather cannot be busy.
날씨가 나쁘어요 → 날씨가 나빠요
Incorrect conjugation of 'ㅡ' irregular adjective.
날씨가 나쁘다 이다 → 날씨가 나쁘다
Adjectives in Korean act like verbs and don't need the copula '이다' (to be).
날씨가 나쁘고 있어요 → 날씨가 나빠지고 있어요
Adjectives cannot use the progressive '-고 있다'. Use '-아/어지다' to show change.

Tips

Particle Choice

Always pair '날씨' with '가' when using '나쁘다'. Using '를' is a common beginner mistake that changes the meaning entirely.

Rainy Day Food

In Korea, when the weather is bad (rainy), people often crave 'Pajeon' and 'Makgeolli'. Mentioning this makes you sound very culturally aware!

Intonation

When you say '날씨가 나쁘네요', use a slightly descending, sympathetic tone to invite the other person to agree with you.

Fine Dust

If you are in Korea and the sky is grey but it's not raining, the 'bad weather' is likely '미세먼지' (fine dust). Use '나쁘다' to describe the air quality.

Conjugation

Remember: 나쁘다 -> 나빠요. Never write '나쁘어요'. The 'ㅡ' disappears!

News Terms

Listen for the word '기상' (gi-sang) on TV. It's the formal way to say 'weather' and is usually followed by descriptions of it being bad.

Ice Breaker

Use this phrase to start a conversation with a stranger in an elevator or a shop. It's the safest and most natural way to start talking.

Connecting Sentences

Use '날씨가 나빠서' to explain why you can't do something. It's the most common way to use the phrase in a sentence.

Tense Consonants

The 'ㅃ' in '나쁘다' is very strong. Practice by holding your breath for a split second before releasing the 'p' sound.

Softening the Blow

If you want to be less direct, say '날씨가 별로예요' (The weather is not that great). It's a common alternative to '나빠요'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'NAL' (day) that is 'SSI' (soggy) because the weather is 'NA' (not) 'PPU' (pretty).

Visual Association

Visualize a dark grey cloud with a frowny face holding a sign that says '나빠요'.

Word Web

날씨 비 구름 나쁘다 안 좋다 우산 태풍 미세먼지

Challenge

Try to use '날씨가 나쁘다' in a sentence to explain why you are late to a meeting or why you didn't exercise today.

Word Origin

The word '날씨' (nalssi) comes from '날' (day) and a suffix related to nature or state. '나쁘다' (nappuda) has historical roots in Middle Korean '나쁘다', which meant to be deficient or short of something.

Original meaning: Originally, '나쁘다' implied that something was 'insufficient' or 'lacking,' which evolved into the modern sense of 'bad' or 'unpleasant.'

Koreanic

Cultural Context

Be sensitive when complaining about weather to farmers, as 'bad weather' for a city dweller (rain) might be 'good weather' for their crops.

In English, 'bad weather' is often just a complaint. In Korean, it's an invitation for social bonding and shared empathy.

The K-Drama 'I'll Go to You When the Weather is Nice' (날씨가 좋으면 찾아가겠어요) uses weather as a central theme for emotional healing. Traditional folk songs often lament '궂은 날씨' (foul weather) as a metaphor for a difficult life. Modern K-pop lyrics often use '날씨가 나빠' to represent a breakup or sadness.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Morning Small Talk

오늘 날씨가 참 나쁘네요.
우산 챙기셨어요?
비가 많이 오네요.
하늘이 너무 흐려요.

Travel Planning

날씨가 나쁘면 어떻게 하죠?
내일 날씨가 나쁠까요?
날씨 때문에 취소했어요.
날씨가 나빠서 걱정이에요.

Office/Work

날씨가 나빠서 차가 막혔어요.
날씨가 나쁜데 조심히 가세요.
기상 악화로 지연되었습니다.
날씨가 나빠지기 전에 퇴근합시다.

Health/Fine Dust

미세먼지 때문에 날씨가 나빠요.
날씨가 나쁘니까 마스크 쓰세요.
공기가 너무 나쁘네요.
밖에 나가지 마세요.

Expressing Mood

날씨가 나빠서 기분도 나빠요.
날씨가 나쁘면 잠만 와요.
날씨가 나쁘니까 울적하네요.
날씨가 나빠도 웃어봐요.

Conversation Starters

"오늘 날씨가 정말 나쁘네요, 그렇죠?"

"주말에 날씨가 나쁘면 뭐 하실 거예요?"

"날씨가 나빠서 소풍이 취소되면 어떡하죠?"

"어제보다 날씨가 더 나빠진 것 같아요."

"날씨가 나쁜 날에는 어떤 음식이 생각나세요?"

Journal Prompts

오늘 날씨가 나빠서 생긴 재미있는 일에 대해 써 보세요.

날씨가 나쁠 때 당신이 가장 좋아하는 실내 활동은 무엇인가요?

날씨가 나빠서 계획이 바뀌었던 경험을 설명해 보세요.

한국의 '나쁜 날씨' (미세먼지, 장마)에 대해 어떻게 생각하시나요?

날씨가 나쁜 날의 풍경을 묘사해 보세요.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No. '나쁘다' is an adjective, and adjectives in Korean describe a subject. You must use the subject particle '가' (날씨가).

Yes, it is a 'ㅡ' irregular adjective. When combined with endings starting with '아/어', the 'ㅡ' is dropped. (나쁘다 + 아요 = 나빠요).

Yes, if the heat is unpleasant or hazardous, you can describe the weather as '나쁘다'.

In formal settings, use '날씨가 나쁩니다'. In most daily polite settings, '날씨가 나빠요' is perfect.

Use the '-아/어지다' pattern: '날씨가 나빠지고 있어요'.

In spoken Korean, '날씨가 안 좋아요' is very common because it sounds a bit softer and less blunt than '나빠요'.

It means 'bad weather'. Here, '나쁘다' is used as a modifier before the noun '날씨'.

You can use '성격이 나쁘다' (bad personality), but '날씨가 나쁘다' only refers to the weather.

News reports often use '기상 악화' (weather worsening) or '악천후' (foul weather).

No. In the context of weather, it simply means unpleasant or unfavorable. It doesn't have a moral connotation here.