The Nepali verb 'बढ्नु' (baḍhnu) is a fundamental word that signifies an increase, growth, or progression in quantity, size, intensity, or development. It’s a versatile verb used across many different contexts, from simple everyday observations to more complex descriptions of change.
- Literal Meaning
- To increase, to grow, to rise, to become more.
- Common Usage
- People use 'बढ्नु' to talk about things getting bigger, more numerous, or more intense. This can apply to physical objects, abstract concepts like prices or population, or even personal qualities like courage or skill.
The price of vegetables is increasing.
Her knowledge is growing every day.
- Examples of Use
- You might hear this when discussing:
- - Economic changes: 'The cost of living is increasing.' (जीवनयापनको खर्च बढ्नु।) (Jīvanyāpanako kharcha baḍhnu.)
- - Physical growth: 'The child has grown taller.' (बच्चा बढेको छ।) (Baccā baḍheko cha.)
- - Intensity: 'The noise increased.' (शोर बढ्यो।) (Śōr baḍhyo.)
- - Development: 'His interest in music grew.' (संगीतमा उसको रुचि बढ्यो।) (Saṅgītamā usko ruci baḍhyo.)
'बढ्नु' (baḍhnu) can be conjugated in various tenses and forms to express different nuances of increase. Understanding its placement and how it interacts with subjects and objects is key to using it correctly.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- In its simplest form, the structure is often: Subject + (Object/Context) + Verb (conjugated form of बढ्नु).
- Present Tense
- To indicate something is currently increasing:
- - Present Simple: 'The population increases.' (जनसंख्या बढ्छ।) (Jansan̄khyā baḍhcha.)
- - Present Continuous: 'The salary is increasing.' (तलब बढ्दै छ।) (Talab baḍhdai cha.)
- Past Tense
- To describe an increase that has already happened:
- - 'The temperature increased.' (तापक्रम बढ्यो।) (Tāpkrām baḍhyo.)
- - 'His strength had increased.' (उसको शक्ति बढेको थियो।) (Usko śakti baḍheko thiyo.)
- Future Tense
- To talk about a future increase:
- - 'The prices will increase.' (मूल्यहरू बढ्नेछन्।) (Mūlyaharu baḍhnechan.)
- Imperative Mood
- To instruct or suggest an increase:
- - 'Increase the volume.' (आवाज बढाऊ।) (Āvāj baḍhāū.) (Note: This is a transitive use, implying an action causing increase. The intransitive 'बढ्नु' itself implies the natural process of increase.)
- Using with Adverbs
- Adverbs can modify the manner or speed of increase:
- - 'The problem is slowly increasing.' (समस्या बिस्तारै बढिरहेको छ।) (Samasyā bistārai baḍhirahēko cha.)
- - 'His fame rapidly increased.' (उसको ख्याति तीव्र रूपमा बढ्यो।) (Usko khyāti tīvra rūpamā baḍhyo.)
The number of students is increasing.
His confidence increased after the success.
'बढ्नु' (baḍhnu) is a ubiquitous word in Nepali, heard in everyday conversations, news reports, economic discussions, and even in casual observations about nature and personal development. Its frequent use makes it essential for anyone learning Nepali.
- News and Media
- News anchors and reporters frequently use 'बढ्नु' to discuss rising inflation, increasing crime rates, growing unemployment, or the spread of diseases. For example, 'The number of COVID-19 cases is increasing.' (कोभिड-१९ का संक्रमितहरूको संख्या बढिरहेको छ।) (Kōviḍ-19 kā san̄kramitaharūkō san̄khyā baḍhirahēko cha.)
- Economic Discussions
- In discussions about the economy, you'll often hear about prices increasing (मूल्य बढ्नु), interest rates rising (ब्याजदर बढ्नु), or the economy growing (अर्थतन्त्र बढ्नु).
- Everyday Conversations
- In casual chat, people might say things like:
- - 'My expenses are increasing.' (मेरो खर्च बढिरहेको छ।) (Mērō kharcha baḍhirahēko cha.)
- - 'The child is growing fast.' (बच्चा छिटो बढिरहेको छ।) (Baccā chiṭō baḍhirahēko cha.)
- - 'The heat is increasing.' (गर्मी बढिरहेको छ।) (Garmī baḍhirahēko cha.)
- Discussions about Health and Well-being
- You might hear it in contexts like 'His blood pressure is increasing.' (उसको रक्तचाप बढिरहेको छ।) (Usko raktachāp baḍhirahēko cha.) or 'Her confidence increased.' (उसको आत्मविश्वास बढ्यो।) (Usko ātmaviśvās baḍhyo.)
- Environmental Contexts
- Discussions about deforestation, pollution, or temperature rise often use this verb.
The number of tourists has increased this season.
The intensity of the storm is increasing.
While 'बढ्नु' (baḍhnu) is a common verb, learners sometimes make errors, often related to confusing it with transitive verbs or using incorrect conjugations. Awareness of these common pitfalls can significantly improve fluency.
- Confusing with Transitive Verbs
- 'बढ्नु' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. The action of increasing happens to the subject itself. A common mistake is to treat it like a transitive verb, using an object when it's not needed, or trying to form a causative sentence incorrectly.
- Incorrect: म मेरो उमेर बढाउँछु। (Ma mērō umēr baḍhāūchu.) - I increase my age. (This is grammatically awkward and semantically strange. The verb 'बढाउनु' (baḍhāunu - to cause to increase) would be used if someone else was doing the action, but not for one's own age naturally.)
- Correct: मेरो उमेर बढिरहेको छ। (Mērō umēr baḍhirahēko cha.) - My age is increasing. (This is the natural way to express this.)
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Using the wrong verb ending for the tense or person is a frequent error. For example, mixing up present and past tense forms.
- Incorrect: हिजो मेरो वजन बढ्छ। (Hijō mērō vajan baḍhcha.) - Yesterday my weight increases. (Incorrect tense.)
- Correct: हिजो मेरो वजन बढ्यो। (Hijō mērō vajan baḍhyo.) - Yesterday my weight increased.
- Overusing Continuous Tense
- While 'बढ्दै छ' (baḍhdai cha) is very common for ongoing increases, sometimes the simple present or past tense is more appropriate for a completed or habitual action.
- Less natural: म हरेक महिना बढ्दै छु। (Ma harēk mahinā baḍhdai chu.) - I am increasing every month. (Implies ongoing personal growth, but might sound a bit odd depending on context.)
- More natural: मेरो आम्दानी हरेक महिना बढ्छ। (Mērō āmdānī harēk mahinā baḍhcha.) - My income increases every month. (Habitual action.)
The price of oil increased yesterday.
The number of people affected by the flood is increasing.
While 'बढ्नु' (baḍhnu) is a general term for increase, several other words and phrases can be used depending on the specific context and nuance you wish to convey. Understanding these alternatives enriches your vocabulary.
- 'बढाउनु' (baḍhāunu) - To increase (transitive)
- This is the causative form of 'बढ्नु'. It means to cause something to increase. It requires a direct object.
- 'बढ्नु': The temperature is increasing. (तापक्रम बढिरहेको छ।) (Tāpkrām baḍhirahēko cha.)
- 'बढाउनु': The government is increasing the taxes. (सरकारले कर बढाइरहेको छ।) (Sarakāralē kar baḍhā'irahēkō cha.)
- 'फुल्नु' (phulnu) - To bloom, to swell
- This verb is used for natural blooming (like flowers) or swelling (like dough or a body part). It implies an increase in size or fullness, often organically.
- 'बढ्नु': The population is increasing. (जनसंख्या बढ्दै छ।) (Jansan̄khyā baḍhdai cha.)
- 'फुल्नु': The flower is blooming. (फूल फुलिरहेको छ।) (Phūl phulirahēkō cha.)
- 'फुल्नु': Her face has swollen. (उसको अनुहार फुलेको छ।) (Usko anuvār phulēkō cha.)
- 'उकालो लाग्नु' (ukālō lāgnu) - To go uphill, to rise
- Literally means 'to take the uphill path'. It's often used metaphorically for improvement, progress, or an upward trend, especially in terms of economic or social progress.
- 'बढ्नु': The stock market is increasing. (सेयर बजार बढिरहेको छ।) (Sēyar bajār baḍhirahēkō cha.)
- 'उकालो लाग्नु': The economy is on an upward trend. (अर्थतन्त्र उकालो लागिरहेको छ।) (Arthatantra ukālō lāgirahēkō cha.)
- 'वृद्धि हुनु' (vr̥ddhi hunu) - To grow, to increase (more formal)
- 'वृद्धि' (vr̥ddhi) means growth or increase, and 'हुनु' (hunu) means to happen or to be. This phrase is more formal and often used in academic or technical contexts.
- 'बढ्नु': The number of users increased. (प्रयोगकर्ताहरूको संख्या बढ्यो।) (Prayōgkartāharūkō san̄khyā baḍhyo.)
- 'वृद्धि हुनु': There has been a significant growth in the company's profits. (कम्पनीको नाफामा उल्लेख्य वृद्धि भएको छ।) (Kampanīkō nāphāmā ullēkhya vr̥ddhi bhēkō cha.)
The rain is increasing.
We need to increase our efforts.
수준별 예문
पानी बढ्दैछ।
The water is increasing.
Simple present continuous tense.
मेरो उमेर बढ्यो।
My age increased.
Simple past tense.
यो फल बढ्छ।
This fruit grows.
Simple present tense, indicating a general fact.
खाना बढ्छ।
The food increases.
Simple present tense, possibly referring to cooking or preparation.
उसको साथी बढ्दैछ।
His friend is increasing.
Present continuous, can imply increasing in number or closeness.
आकाश बढ्यो।
The sky increased.
Past tense, could imply the sky appearing larger due to weather or perspective.
जाडो बढ्यो।
The cold increased.
Past tense, indicating a rise in temperature (coldness).
यो सहर बढ्छ।
This city grows.
Simple present tense, indicating ongoing growth.
गाडीको संख्या सडकमा बढिरहेको छ।
The number of cars on the road is increasing.
Present continuous, common for traffic situations.
त्यसको आम्दानी गत वर्ष बढ्यो।
His income increased last year.
Simple past tense, for financial context.
बालबालिकाको स्वास्थ्य बढ्दैछ।
The children's health is improving.
Present continuous, referring to improvement in health.
हामीले हाम्रो ज्ञान बढाउनु पर्छ।
We must increase our knowledge.
Uses the causative 'बढाउनु' (to increase) with 'पर्छ' (must).
यो समस्या बिस्तारै बढिरहेको छ।
This problem is slowly increasing.
Present continuous with an adverb 'बिस्तारै' (slowly).
उसको आत्मविश्वास बढ्यो।
His confidence increased.
Simple past tense, for psychological state.
यो सिजनमा पर्यटकहरूको संख्या बढ्नेछ।
The number of tourists will increase this season.
Future tense, for predictions.
रातको समयमा तापक्रम बढ्छ।
The temperature increases at night.
Simple present tense, for habitual or general occurrences.
बजारमा तरकारीको मूल्य अझै बढिरहेको छ।
The price of vegetables in the market is still increasing.
Present continuous, emphasizing ongoing increase.
प्रविधिको विकासले मानिसको जीवनस्तर बढायो।
The development of technology increased people's standard of living.
Past tense, using the causative 'बढायो' (increased) to show impact.
जलवायु परिवर्तनले गर्दा मौसममा अनपेक्षित परिवर्तनहरू बढिरहेका छन्।
Due to climate change, unexpected weather changes are increasing.
Present continuous, plural subject 'परिवर्तनहरू' (changes).
यो क्षेत्रमा जनसंख्या वृद्धिदर तीव्र रूपमा बढ्दैछ।
The population growth rate in this region is increasing rapidly.
Present continuous with adverb 'तीव्र रूपमा' (rapidly).
धेरै अध्ययन गरेपछि उसको ज्ञानको भण्डार बढ्यो।
After much study, his store of knowledge increased.
Past tense, for intellectual growth.
सरकारले शिक्षामा लगानी बढाउने योजना बनाएको छ।
The government has planned to increase investment in education.
Uses causative 'बढाउने' (to increase) in a future plan.
उनको सङ्गीतप्रतिको रुचि बाल्यकालदेखि नै बढ्दै गएको थियो।
His interest in music had been increasing since childhood.
Past perfect continuous, indicating a prolonged increase.
आगामी दिनहरूमा कोरोना सङ्क्रमण बढ्ने सम्भावना छ।
There is a possibility that corona infections will increase in the coming days.
Future tense, expressing possibility.
वैश्विक तापमानमा भइरहेको वृद्धिका कारणले मौसममा अप्रत्याशित परिवर्तनहरू बढिरहेका छन्।
Due to the increase in global temperature, unexpected weather changes are escalating.
Present continuous, 'बढिरहेका छन्' (are escalating) for multiple changes.
आर्थिक मन्दीको चपेटामा परेका देशहरूमा बेरोजगारी दर अझै बढ्ने अनुमान गरिएको छ।
In countries affected by the economic recession, the unemployment rate is expected to increase further.
Future tense with 'अनुमान गरिएको छ' (is estimated/expected).
सामाजिक सञ्जालको प्रयोग बढ्दै जाँदा, यसका नकारात्मक प्रभावहरू पनि बढ्दै गएका छन्।
As the use of social media increases, its negative effects have also been increasing.
Compound sentence structure with parallel increases.
कम्पनीले आफ्नो उत्पादन क्षमता बढाउन नयाँ प्रविधिहरूमा लगानी गरेको छ।
The company has invested in new technologies to increase its production capacity.
Uses causative 'बढाउन' (to increase) to explain the purpose of investment.
वैज्ञानिकहरूले अध्ययन गरिरहेका छन् कि कसरी मानव चेतनाको स्तर बढ्दै जान्छ।
Scientists are studying how the level of human consciousness increases.
Present continuous, exploring a complex concept.
यो रोगको सङ्क्रमण दर तीव्र गतिमा बढिरहेको हुनाले, सरकारले थप सावधानी अपनाउन आग्रह गरेको छ।
As the infection rate of this disease is increasing at a rapid pace, the government has urged to take further precautions.
Present continuous with a causal clause.
पुरातात्विक प्रमाणहरूले यस प्राचीन सभ्यताको जनसंख्या समयसँगै बढ्दै गएको सङ्केत दिन्छ।
Archaeological evidence indicates that the population of this ancient civilization increased over time.
Past tense, referring to historical trends.
डिजिटल शिक्षाको पहुँच बढ्दै गएपछि, परम्परागत शिक्षण विधिहरूमा पनि परिवर्तन आउन थालेको छ।
As the access to digital education has increased, traditional teaching methods have also started to change.
Present perfect continuous leading to a consequence.
विश्वव्यापी आर्थिक अनिश्चितताका बीच, धेरै देशहरूले आफ्नो व्यापार घाटा बढ्दै गएको अनुभव गरिरहेका छन्।
Amidst global economic uncertainties, many countries are experiencing their trade deficits increasing.
Present continuous, indicating a complex economic trend.
मानव अधिकारको सचेतना बढ्दै गएकोले, उत्पीडन र अन्यायविरुद्ध आवाज उठाउनेहरूको सङ्ख्या पनि बढेको छ।
As awareness of human rights has increased, the number of people raising their voices against oppression and injustice has also grown.
Past perfect continuous leading to a consequence in the present.
प्रौद्योगिकीको द्रुत विकासले सूचनाको प्रवाहलाई अभूतपूर्व रूपमा बढायो, जसले विश्वलाई सानो बनाएको छ।
The rapid development of technology has increased the flow of information unprecedentedly, making the world smaller.
Past tense causative 'बढायो' (increased) with a resulting clause.
पर्यावरणीय क्षरणको गम्भीरता बढ्दै गएपछि, दिगो विकासका लागि विश्वव्यापी पहलहरूलाई थप बलियो बनाउनु आवश्यक छ।
As the severity of environmental degradation increases, it is necessary to further strengthen global initiatives for sustainable development.
Present continuous leading to a necessity for action.
जनसांख्यिकीय परिवर्तनहरूले सामाजिक संरचना र आर्थिक नीतिहरूमा दूरगामी प्रभाव पार्नेछ, जसले विभिन्न क्षेत्रहरूमा वृद्धिको गतिलाई प्रभावित गर्नेछ।
Demographic changes will have far-reaching effects on social structures and economic policies, influencing the pace of growth in various sectors.
Future tense, discussing long-term impacts on growth ('वृद्धिको गति' - pace of growth).
साहित्यमा नविन धाराहरूको उदयले पाठकहरूको रुचिमा विविधता बढायो, जसले गर्दा परम्परागत शैलीहरूमाथि पनि पुनर्विचार हुन थाल्यो।
The emergence of new trends in literature increased the diversity of readers' interests, leading to a re-evaluation of traditional styles.
Past causative 'बढायो' (increased) with a consequential clause.
सूचना प्रविधिको सर्वव्यापीकरणले ज्ञानको पहुँचलाई अनपेक्षित रूपमा बढाइदिएको छ, तर यसले डिजिटल विभाजनको समस्यालाई पनि जटिल बनाएको छ।
The ubiquity of information technology has increased access to knowledge unexpectedly, but it has also complicated the problem of the digital divide.
Past tense causative 'बढाइदिएको छ' (has increased) with a contrasting effect.
विश्वभरि बढ्दो शहरीकरणले प्राकृतिक स्रोतहरूमाथिको दबाबलाई तीव्र पारेको छ, जसले गर्दा भविष्यमा पानीको सङ्कट बढ्न सक्ने सम्भावना छ।
Increasing urbanization worldwide has intensified the pressure on natural resources, leading to a potential increase in water scarcity in the future.
Present continuous leading to a future possibility of increase.
आधुनिक समाजमा सूचनाको तीव्र प्रवाहले व्यक्तिहरूको धारणा निर्माण गर्ने प्रक्रियालाई अभूतपूर्व रूपमा प्रभावित पारेको छ, जसले गर्दा सत्य र असत्यबीचको रेखा धमिलिँदै गएको छ।
In modern society, the rapid flow of information has unprecedentedly influenced the process of forming individuals' perceptions, causing the line between truth and falsehood to become increasingly blurred.
Abstract concept of blurring lines as an increase in ambiguity.
जलवायु परिवर्तनको भयावहतालाई मध्यनजर गर्दै, अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय समुदायले कार्बन उत्सर्जन घटाउनका लागि संयुक्त प्रयासहरूलाई तीव्र पार्नुपर्ने आवश्यकता बढेको छ।
Considering the severity of climate change, the necessity for the international community to intensify joint efforts to reduce carbon emissions has increased.
Abstract increase in necessity and intensity.
डिजिटल क्रान्तिले ज्ञानको लोकतान्त्रिकीकरणलाई बढावा दिएको छ, तर यसले साथसाथै गलत सूचनाको प्रसारको चुनौतीलाई पनि विकराल रूपमा बढाएको छ।
The digital revolution has promoted the democratization of knowledge, but it has simultaneously exacerbated the challenge of misinformation in a colossal manner.
Causative 'बढाएको छ' (has increased/exacerbated) in a complex cause-and-effect relationship.
वैश्विक महामारीको अवधिमा, दूरसञ्चार प्रविधिले मानिसहरूलाई जोड्ने माध्यमको रूपमा अविश्वसनीय भूमिका खेलेको छ, जसले गर्दा सामाजिक अन्तरक्रियाको स्वरूपमा आमूल परिवर्तन आएको छ।
During the global pandemic, telecommunication technology has played an incredible role as a medium connecting people, causing radical changes in the nature of social interaction.
Implied increase in virtual connection leading to fundamental changes.
आर्थिक असमानता बढ्दै जानुले सामाजिक अस्थिरतालाई निम्त्याउन सक्ने खतरा बढेको छ, जसले गर्दा नीति निर्माताहरूले यसलाई सम्बोधन गर्न तत्काल कदम चाल्नुपर्ने भएको छ।
The increasing economic inequality poses a growing risk of social instability, necessitating policymakers to take immediate steps to address it.
Interplay of increasing inequality and increasing risk.
कला र साहित्यमा पश्चिमा प्रभावको निरन्तर बढोत्तरीले स्थानीय सांस्कृतिक पहिचानको संरक्षणमा चुनौती थपिदिएको छ, जसले गर्दा सांस्कृतिक विविधतामाथि प्रश्नचिह्न उठेको छ।
The continuous increase of Western influence in art and literature has added challenges to the preservation of local cultural identity, raising questions about cultural diversity.
'बढोत्तरी' (increase/growth) used as a noun, referring to a sustained rise.
मानव विकासका सूचकाङ्कहरूमा सुधार आउनु सकारात्मक पक्ष भए तापनि, यसले स्रोतहरूको उपभोगलाई पनि अभूतपूर्व रूपमा बढाएको छ, जसले गर्दा भविष्यमा दिगोपनाको प्रश्न थप जटिल बनेको छ।
Although improvements in human development indicators are positive, they have also unprecedentedly increased resource consumption, making the question of sustainability in the future more complex.
Causative 'बढाएको छ' (has increased) in relation to resource consumption.
साइबर सुरक्षाका चुनौतीहरू बढ्दै गएको यस युगमा, व्यक्ति र संस्थाहरूले आफ्नो डिजिटल सम्पत्तिलाई सुरक्षित राख्नका लागि निरन्तर रूपमा नयाँ उपायहरू अपनाउनु पर्न
