respirar
respirar in 30 Seconds
- Respirar is the Portuguese verb 'to breathe', essential for describing biological life and physical health.
- It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses for beginners.
- The word is frequently used metaphorically to mean 'taking a break' or 'feeling relief' (respirar aliviado).
- It also describes the 'vibe' or atmosphere of a place, such as a city that 'breathes' culture or history.
- Biological Function
- The literal movement of air into the lungs. It is used in medical contexts, fitness, and survival scenarios. For example, 'Ele respira com dificuldade' (He breathes with difficulty).
Depois de correr a maratona, eu só queria sentar e respirar fundo.
- Emotional Relief
- In Portuguese, 'respirar' is often used to describe the feeling of relief after a stressful period. 'Respirar aliviado' is a common expression meaning 'to breathe a sigh of relief'.
Esta cidade parece respirar história em cada esquina.
- Temporal Space
- It can mean taking a break. 'Não tive tempo nem para respirar' means 'I didn't even have time to breathe,' indicating an extremely busy schedule.
Preciso de um momento para respirar antes da próxima reunião.
O projeto está mal, está a respirar por aparelhos.
Respirar o ar puro da montanha é revigorante.
- Direct Objects
- When followed by a noun, it indicates the substance being inhaled. Common objects include 'ar' (air), 'poeira' (dust), or 'perfume'.
É perigoso respirar esta fumaça tóxica.
- Adverbial Modifiers
- How one breathes often conveys emotion. 'Respirar fundo' (breathe deeply) suggests preparation or patience. 'Respirar ofegante' (breathe pantingly) suggests exhaustion.
Tente respirar calmamente durante a meditação.
- Figurative Usage
- In literary or advanced contexts, it can mean to exude or manifest. 'A casa respirava abandono' (The house breathed/exuded abandonment).
O museu parece respirar arte contemporânea.
Não consigo respirar com este colar tão apertado.
Abra a garrafa e deixe o vinho respirar por dez minutos.
- Daily Stress
- In busy urban centers like São Paulo or Lisbon, you'll hear people complaining about the lack of 'tempo para respirar'. It's a universal idiom for being overwhelmed.
Com tanto trabalho, mal tenho tempo para respirar.
- Environmental Contexts
- Discussions about air pollution in big cities or the 'lungs of the world' (Amazon rainforest) frequently use this verb to describe the health of the planet.
Ele decidiu viajar para respirar novos ares.
- Music and Literature
- Portuguese Fado and Brazilian MPB (Música Popular Brasileira) often use 'respirar' to denote longing or the vital essence of love. 'Você é o ar que eu respiro' (You are the air I breathe) is a classic romantic trope.
A música faz-me respirar melhor.
O mergulhador precisa respirar pelo tubo.
A marcação alta não permitia ao adversário respirar.
- Confusion with 'Inalar'
- Learners sometimes use 'respirar' for specific medical inhalation (like using an inhaler), whereas 'inalar' is more precise for the intake of medication or specific fumes.
Não diga 'Eu respiro o remédio', diga 'Eu inalo o remédio'.
- Preposition Pitfalls
- When saying 'to breathe through something', use 'por'. 'Respirar pelo nariz' (breathe through the nose). Using 'com' (with) is a common English-interference mistake.
É importante respirar pelo nariz durante o exercício.
- Transitive vs. Intransitive
- Avoid adding an unnecessary 'de' after respirar. It is 'respirar ar puro', not 'respirar de ar puro'.
Vamos sair para respirar um pouco de ar fresco.
O paciente já consegue respirar sozinho.
Pare de fumar para poder respirar melhor.
- Inalar vs. Exalar
- These are the technical terms for inhaling and exhaling. They are used in scientific, medical, or formal contexts.
O iogue ensinou a inalar e exalar profundamente.
- Aspirar
- This means to suck in or inhale. It can also mean 'to aspire to' (ambition), but in a physical sense, it's about drawing air or dust in.
Cuidado para não aspirar o pó da limpeza.
O calor intenso fazia as pessoas sufocarem.
- Ofegar
- This means to pant or wheeze. It describes the short, quick breaths taken after heavy exertion.
Ele chegou ofegando após subir as escadas.
Respirar e suspirar são diferentes; o segundo envolve emoção.
Ela suspirou de saudade ao ver a foto antiga.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The root 'spirare' is also the source of the English words 'spirit', 'inspire', and 'conspire'. In ancient times, breath was closely associated with the soul or spirit.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the first 'e' too clearly in European Portuguese.
- Making the 's' voiced (like a 'z') when it should be voiceless.
- Failing to stress the last syllable.
- Confusing the pronunciation with the Spanish 'respirar' (different 'r' sounds).
- Omitting the 'i' sound in the middle.
Difficulty Rating
Very easy to recognize due to its similarity to 'respiration' in English.
Regular -ar conjugation makes it straightforward to write in most tenses.
The pronunciation of 'r' and 's' varies by region, which can be tricky for learners.
Clear sound, though the final 'r' might be dropped in Brazilian speech.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Regular -ar verbs in the Present Tense
Eu respiro, Tu respiras, Ele respira...
Use of 'por' for movement through a medium
Respirar pelo nariz (through the nose).
Subjunctive for emotions/wishes
Espero que ele respire bem.
Infinitive after auxiliary verbs
Eu quero respirar.
Adverb placement after the verb
Respirar calmamente.
Examples by Level
Eu respiro ar puro.
I breathe fresh air.
Simple present tense, 1st person singular.
Você respira bem?
Do you breathe well?
Interrogative sentence in the present tense.
O bebê respira devagar.
The baby breathes slowly.
3rd person singular with an adverb.
Nós respiramos pelo nariz.
We breathe through the nose.
1st person plural with preposition 'pelo'.
Eles não respiram debaixo de água.
They don't breathe underwater.
Negative sentence in the present tense.
O peixe não respira como nós.
The fish doesn't breathe like us.
Comparison using 'como'.
Eu preciso respirar.
I need to breathe.
Infinitive after the auxiliary verb 'precisar'.
Ela respira fundo agora.
She breathes deeply now.
Use of 'fundo' as an adverb.
Ontem, eu respirei ar fresco na montanha.
Yesterday, I breathed fresh air in the mountains.
Pretérito Perfeito (Past tense).
Respire fundo antes de falar.
Breathe deeply before speaking.
Imperative mood.
Eu respirei aliviado quando o teste acabou.
I breathed a sigh of relief when the test ended.
Idiom 'respirar aliviado'.
Ela estava a respirar muito rápido.
She was breathing very fast.
Continuous aspect (European Portuguese style).
Nós respirávamos o perfume das flores.
We used to breathe the scent of the flowers.
Pretérito Imperfeito (Ongoing past action).
Você consegue respirar com esta máscara?
Can you breathe with this mask?
Modal verb 'conseguir' + infinitive.
O médico disse para eu respirar devagar.
The doctor told me to breathe slowly.
Indirect command.
Eles respiraram o ar poluído da cidade.
They breathed the polluted air of the city.
Past tense with direct object.
Finalmente tenho um momento para respirar.
I finally have a moment to breathe.
Metaphorical use for taking a break.
Espero que você respire melhor amanhã.
I hope you breathe better tomorrow.
Present Subjunctive after 'espero que'.
A cidade inteira respira futebol hoje.
The entire city breathes football today.
Metaphorical use for atmosphere.
Não tive tempo nem para respirar esta semana.
I didn't even have time to breathe this week.
Common idiom for being busy.
Se você respirar fundo, vai se acalmar.
If you breathe deeply, you will calm down.
Future Conditional structure.
O mergulhador parou de respirar por um segundo.
The diver stopped breathing for a second.
Verb 'parar de' + infinitive.
É bom respirar novos ares de vez em quando.
It's good to breathe new air once in a while.
Idiom 'respirar novos ares'.
A poluição impede-nos de respirar bem.
Pollution prevents us from breathing well.
Verb 'impedir' + preposition 'de'.
A economia do país parece estar a respirar por aparelhos.
The country's economy seems to be on life support.
Idiom 'respirar por aparelhos'.
É necessário deixar o vinho respirar antes de servir.
It is necessary to let the wine breathe before serving.
Technical use in oenology.
O projeto voltou a respirar após o novo investimento.
The project started breathing again after the new investment.
Metaphor for revival.
Embora estivesse cansado, ele continuava a respirar ritmicamente.
Although he was tired, he continued to breathe rhythmically.
Concessive clause with 'embora'.
O paciente respira sem o auxílio de máquinas.
The patient breathes without the help of machines.
Medical context.
A floresta é essencial para o mundo respirar.
The forest is essential for the world to breathe.
Environmental metaphor.
Sinto que não me deixam respirar com tantas regras.
I feel like they don't let me breathe with so many rules.
Metaphor for lack of freedom.
Ele respira confiança em tudo o que faz.
He breathes confidence in everything he does.
Metaphor for exuding a quality.
A narrativa respira uma melancolia profunda.
The narrative breathes a deep melancholy.
Literary use of 'respirar'.
O casarão abandonado parecia ainda respirar o passado.
The abandoned mansion seemed to still breathe the past.
Poetic personification.
O governo deu um fôlego para a empresa respirar.
The government gave the company some room to breathe.
Business metaphor.
A cada verso, o poema respira liberdade.
In every verse, the poem breathes freedom.
Abstract literary context.
Não convém respirar este clima de hostilidade.
It is not advisable to breathe this atmosphere of hostility.
Metaphorical use for social atmosphere.
O autor faz a língua portuguesa respirar de formas novas.
The author makes the Portuguese language breathe in new ways.
Metaphor for linguistic innovation.
O vale respira uma paz absoluta ao entardecer.
The valley breathes absolute peace at dusk.
Descriptive literary style.
Precisamos de uma pausa para que a equipe possa respirar.
We need a break so that the team can breathe.
Subjunctive for purpose.
A obra respira a genialidade do seu criador em cada detalhe.
The work breathes the genius of its creator in every detail.
High-level metaphorical usage.
Havia um silêncio tão denso que quase se podia ouvi-lo respirar.
There was a silence so dense you could almost hear it breathe.
Advanced personification of silence.
O texto respira o vernáculo mais puro da região.
The text breathes the purest vernacular of the region.
Linguistic metaphor.
O mercado imobiliário finalmente voltou a respirar a plenos pulmões.
The real estate market has finally started breathing again at full capacity.
Idiom 'a plenos pulmões' (with full lungs).
Sua escrita respira uma erudição pouco comum nos dias de hoje.
His writing breathes an erudition uncommon nowadays.
Abstract metaphorical usage.
O país respira aliviado após a resolução do conflito diplomático.
The country breathes a sigh of relief after the resolution of the diplomatic conflict.
Collective metaphorical personification.
A arquitetura da cidade respira a influência mourisca.
The city's architecture breathes Moorish influence.
Describing cultural influence.
O universo parece respirar através da expansão constante.
The universe seems to breathe through constant expansion.
Philosophical/Scientific metaphor.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— You're suffocating me or not giving me space.
Sai de cima de mim, não me deixas respirar!
— To breathe deeply or live life to the fullest.
Na montanha, respiramos a plenos pulmões.
— To take a deep breath and keep going.
A vida é difícil, mas temos de respirar fundo e seguir em frente.
— To be in the same place as someone else.
Não suporto respirar o mesmo ar que ele.
Often Confused With
This is the noun (breathing), whereas 'respirar' is the verb.
Means 'to sigh', which is a specific emotional breath, not just the act of breathing.
Means 'to sweat', often confused by beginners because of the similar sound.
Idioms & Expressions
— To be in a terminal or extremely critical state (applied to people, businesses, or projects).
A economia está a respirar por aparelhos.
informal/journalistic— To feel a great sense of relief after a period of tension.
Ela respirou aliviada quando o filho chegou.
neutral— To seek a change of scenery or a new start in life.
Preciso de viajar para respirar novos ares.
neutral— To be overwhelmed with work or responsibilities.
Desde que o bebê nasceu, não tenho tempo para respirar.
informal— To gather courage or patience before doing something difficult.
Respire fundo e entre na sala do chefe.
neutral— To enjoy something intensely or to breathe deeply in a healthy environment.
Aqui no campo, respiro a plenos pulmões.
literary— To give someone space or to allow a process to happen naturally.
Deixa o teu irmão respirar um pouco!
informal— To feel free after a period of restriction.
Após sair da prisão, ele finalmente respirou o ar da liberdade.
literary— To be consumed by the desire for revenge.
Os seus olhos respiravam vingança.
literaryEasily Confused
Both involve taking air in.
Aspirar is more about suction or inhaling a specific substance/ambition, while respirar is the general act of breathing.
Eu aspiro o pó; eu respiro o ar.
Both mean to take air in.
Inalar is formal/medical; respirar is common/everyday.
Inalar o gás; respirar fundo.
Related to breathing.
Exalar is specifically breathing out or emitting a smell.
Ele exalou o último suspiro.
Involves air from the mouth.
Soprar is a forced expulsion of air (blowing).
Soprar as velas.
A type of breathing.
Ofegar is specifically panting due to tiredness.
Ele chegou ofegando.
Sentence Patterns
Eu [verb] [noun].
Eu respiro ar.
[Verb] [adverb]!
Respire fundo!
Não ter tempo para [verb].
Não tenho tempo para respirar.
Espero que [subject] [verb-subjunctive].
Espero que você respire.
[Subject] está a [verb] por aparelhos.
O plano está a respirar por aparelhos.
Deixar o [noun] [verb].
Deixar o vinho respirar.
O [place] respira [abstract noun].
O museu respira história.
[Verb] a plenos pulmões.
Respirar a plenos pulmões.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Extremely high in both literal and figurative senses.
-
Respirar de ar puro.
→
Respirar ar puro.
You don't need the preposition 'de' after respirar when it has a direct object.
-
Eu respiro com o nariz.
→
Eu respiro pelo nariz.
In Portuguese, we breathe 'through' (pelo) the nose, not 'with' (com) it.
-
A minha respirar é boa.
→
A minha respiração é boa.
Don't use the verb form when you need the noun 'respiração'.
-
Eu respiro fundo e sinto-me melhor.
→
Eu respiro fundo e sinto-me melhor.
This is actually correct, but learners often forget to use 'fundo' and try to translate 'deeply' literally as 'profundamente', which is less common.
-
O peixe respira o ar.
→
O peixe respira na água.
Technically, fish don't breathe 'air' (ar), they breathe 'oxigénio' from the water.
Tips
Regular Verb
Since it's a regular -ar verb, you can apply the same endings as 'falar' or 'amar'. This makes it very reliable for learners.
Deep Breath
Always remember 'respirar fundo'. It's one of the most useful phrases for health and emotional contexts.
Environmental Context
Use 'respirar' when talking about the Amazon or city pollution to sound more engaged in current Lusophone topics.
Life Support
'Respirar por aparelhos' is a great idiom to describe a failing business or relationship.
Final R
In Portuguese from Portugal, the final 'r' is often clearly heard. In Brazil, it can be very soft or even silent in casual talk.
Atmosphere
Use 'A cidade respira...' to describe the vibe of a place in your travel journals or essays.
Doctor's Visit
Listen for 'Respire fundo' if you ever visit a doctor in a Portuguese-speaking country; it's the first thing they'll say.
Relief
Practice saying 'Respirei aliviado' to express that a weight has been lifted off your shoulders.
Wine
Impress your friends by saying 'Deixe o vinho respirar' before pouring a glass of Portuguese tinto.
Preposition 'Por'
Remember to use 'pelo/pela' (por + article) when saying what you are breathing through, like 'pelo nariz'.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'Respiration' in English. The word 'respirar' is almost identical, just add the Portuguese verb ending '-ar'.
Visual Association
Imagine a pair of lungs filling with air every time you see the letters 'RES-PIR-AR'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'respirar' in three different contexts today: physical, emotional relief, and describing a place.
Word Origin
From the Latin 'respirare', which is composed of the prefix 're-' (again/back) and 'spirare' (to breathe).
Original meaning: To breathe back, to take breath again, or to recover.
Romance (Latin-derived).Cultural Context
Be careful when using 'respirar por aparelhos' in a medical setting, as it is a literal and sensitive medical reality, despite its common metaphorical use in business.
English speakers might say 'take a breather', while Portuguese speakers use 'ter tempo para respirar'.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
At the doctor
- Respire fundo.
- Dói quando respiro?
- Tenho falta de ar.
- Respire pelo nariz.
At the gym
- Não prenda a respiração.
- Respire durante o esforço.
- Controle o ato de respirar.
- Respire e relaxe.
In a stressful office
- Preciso de ar.
- Não me deixam respirar.
- Vou ali fora respirar um pouco.
- Respire fundo e conte até dez.
Nature walk
- Que bom respirar este ar!
- Sinto-me a respirar melhor aqui.
- Respire a natureza.
- Vamos respirar o ar puro.
Wine tasting
- O vinho precisa de respirar.
- Deixe o tinto respirar no decanter.
- Quanto tempo deve respirar?
- Abra a garrafa para respirar.
Conversation Starters
"Você acha que o ar da sua cidade é bom para respirar?"
"Quando você está estressado, você costuma respirar fundo para se acalmar?"
"Você já sentiu que não tinha tempo nem para respirar no trabalho?"
"Qual é o melhor lugar que você já visitou para respirar ar puro?"
"Você pratica exercícios de meditação para aprender a respirar melhor?"
Journal Prompts
Descreva um momento em que você respirou aliviado após uma situação difícil.
Como você se sente quando respira o ar puro da natureza em comparação com o ar da cidade?
Escreva sobre um dia em que você estava tão ocupado que não teve tempo para respirar.
O que significa para você a expressão 'respirar novos ares'?
Pense em uma cidade que você conhece. O que essa cidade parece 'respirar' (ex: história, modernidade, caos)?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsIt is a regular verb. In the Pretérito Perfeito: eu respirei, você respirou, nós respiramos, eles respiraram. In the Imperfeito: eu respirava, você respirava, nós respirávamos, eles respiravam.
It means 'to breathe a sigh of relief'. It is used when a stressful situation ends positively. Example: 'Respirei aliviado quando achei minhas chaves.'
Usually no, unless you are using a metaphor like 'respirar por aparelhos' to mean it's failing. For air intake in machines, use 'ventilar' or 'aspirar'.
The meaning is identical, but the pronunciation and some idiomatic preferences differ. Portugal uses 'estar a respirar' for the continuous, while Brazil uses 'estar respirando'.
Respirar is the verb (to breathe). Fôlego is a noun meaning 'breath' or 'stamina'. Example: 'Não tenho fôlego para correr.'
You say 'Respire fundo'. It is the most common way to instruct someone to take a deep breath.
Yes, you can 'respirar o perfume' (breathe in the scent), though 'sentir o cheiro' is more common for just smelling.
It means to give someone space or stop pestering them. 'Me deixa respirar!' is like 'Give me some space!'
Yes, extensively. 'Controle a sua respiração' and 'Respire calmamente' are standard instructions.
The medical term for the act is 'respiração', and the verb remains 'respirar' or more technically 'ventilar'.
Test Yourself 84 questions
Write a sentence using 'respirar fundo' in the imperative.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'I need to breathe fresh air'.
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Write a sentence about a city using 'respirar' metaphorically.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'They breathed a sigh of relief'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use the word 'respirar' in a sentence about a busy day.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'I breathe' in Portuguese.
Read this aloud:
You said:
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Tell someone to 'Breathe deeply' using the 'você' form.
Read this aloud:
You said:
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Listen to the sentence: 'Não consigo respirar.' What is the person feeling?
/ 84 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'respirar' is a versatile tool in Portuguese that bridges the gap between physical survival and emotional expression. For example, 'Respirar fundo' (to breathe deeply) can mean both a physical preparation and a mental calming technique.
- Respirar is the Portuguese verb 'to breathe', essential for describing biological life and physical health.
- It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses for beginners.
- The word is frequently used metaphorically to mean 'taking a break' or 'feeling relief' (respirar aliviado).
- It also describes the 'vibe' or atmosphere of a place, such as a city that 'breathes' culture or history.
Regular Verb
Since it's a regular -ar verb, you can apply the same endings as 'falar' or 'amar'. This makes it very reliable for learners.
Deep Breath
Always remember 'respirar fundo'. It's one of the most useful phrases for health and emotional contexts.
Environmental Context
Use 'respirar' when talking about the Amazon or city pollution to sound more engaged in current Lusophone topics.
Life Support
'Respirar por aparelhos' is a great idiom to describe a failing business or relationship.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Phrases
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abdômen
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abortar
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abstinência
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abstinente
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acamado
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acaso
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acidentar
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