Zhineng describes the specific role and functional power assigned to an entity within a system.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to the inherent functions and duties of an organization or role.
- Commonly used in administrative, political, and professional business contexts.
- Combines the concepts of professional position and functional capability.
近义词辨析：
- 职能 vs 职责：‘职责’（Duty/Responsibility）侧重于具体的任务和责任，强调‘必须完成的工作’；‘职能’（Function）更宏观，侧重于在整体结构中扮演的角色和发挥的作用。
- 职能 vs 功能：‘功能’（Function）适用范围极广，可用于机械、生物、器官等；‘职能’则专门用于社会组织、职位或抽象的社会角色。
Examples
我们需要明确每个职位的具体职能。
everydayWe need to clarify the specific functions of each position.
政府必须依法履行其社会管理职能。
formalThe government must perform its social management functions according to the law.
你觉得这个小组的职能是什么？
informalWhat do you think the function of this team is?
本文旨在探讨中央银行的宏观调控职能。
academicThis paper aims to explore the macro-control functions of the central bank.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
职能重叠
overlapping functions
核心职能
core functions
Often Confused With
Refers to the specific tasks and responsibilities one is accountable for. Focuses on 'duty'.
A general term for the purpose or power of something, usually applied to objects or biological systems.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '职能' is highly formal and carries an institutional tone. It is rarely used in casual, non-professional settings. It appears frequently in news reports, business strategies, and academic texts concerning governance or organizational theory.
Common Mistakes
The most common mistake is using '职能' for inanimate objects like tools or software. Remember that '职能' implies a professional or social role, whereas '功能' is for technical capabilities.
Tips
Use in Professional Organizational Contexts
When describing what a specific department does in a company, '职能' is more professional than '工作'.
Avoid Using for Simple Tasks
Do not use '职能' for daily chores or simple tasks. It implies a formal, systemic role.
Relevance in Chinese Governance
The phrase '转变政府职能' is a key concept in China's administrative reform history.
Word Origin
Derived from '职' (official post/duty) and '能' (ability/power). Historically, it points to the specific powers granted to an official position.
Cultural Context
In the context of the Chinese 'Reform and Opening-up', 'Government Function Transformation' (政府职能转变) is a pivotal phrase representing the shift from a planned economy to a market-oriented regulatory role.
Memory Tip
Break it down: '职' means 'job/post' and '能' means 'ability/function'. So '职能' is the 'functional power of a job'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions不可以完全互换。“职能”通常用于人和组织，而“功能”更多用于物品、机器或生理器官。例如，你可以说手机的功能，但不能说手机的职能。
职能部门是指组织中负责专门业务管理的部门，如企业的财务部、人事部，它们通过行使专业职能来支持整个组织的运作。
这通常指政府将其管理范围从直接干预经济活动转向宏观调控、市场监管、社会管理和公共服务。
它是一个中性词，用于客观描述组织或职位的属性和作用。
Test Yourself
各部门应当明确自己的___，避免工作重叠。
在描述部门的任务和作用时，‘职能’是最准确的术语。
找出错误用法：
洗衣机是物品，应该使用‘功能’而非‘职能’。
行使 / 依法 / 应该 / 职能 / 部门 / 自己的
标准的中文语序为主语（部门）+ 状语（依法）+ 谓语（行使）+ 宾语（职能）。
Score: /3
Summary
Zhineng describes the specific role and functional power assigned to an entity within a system.
- Refers to the inherent functions and duties of an organization or role.
- Commonly used in administrative, political, and professional business contexts.
- Combines the concepts of professional position and functional capability.
Use in Professional Organizational Contexts
When describing what a specific department does in a company, '职能' is more professional than '工作'.
Avoid Using for Simple Tasks
Do not use '职能' for daily chores or simple tasks. It implies a formal, systemic role.
Relevance in Chinese Governance
The phrase '转变政府职能' is a key concept in China's administrative reform history.
Examples
4 of 4我们需要明确每个职位的具体职能。
We need to clarify the specific functions of each position.
政府必须依法履行其社会管理职能。
The government must perform its social management functions according to the law.
你觉得这个小组的职能是什么？
What do you think the function of this team is?
本文旨在探讨中央银行的宏观调控职能。
This paper aims to explore the macro-control functions of the central bank.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More general words
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
大约
B1Used to show that a number or amount is not exact; approximately.
上边
A2above, on top
上面
A1on, above, over
