“故意的” signifies an action performed with conscious intent and purpose, distinguishing it from accidental occurrences.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Intentional action, not accidental.
- Emphasizes a conscious decision and purpose.
- Used in various contexts, from daily chat to formal settings.
Overview
“故意的”用来描述一种有意识、有目的的行为或状态。它与“无意的”、“偶然的”等词相对立，表明行为者在行动之前已经有了明确的想法和打算。这个词在日常交流和书面语中都非常常用，用来判断或描述某人行为的性质。
“故意的”通常用作形容词，修饰名词（如“故意的行为”、“故意的疏忽”）或用作谓语（如“他的做法是故意的”）。它也可以与副词连用，如“不是故意的”、“完全是故意的”。它常常带有一定的感情色彩，可以用来表达批评、指责，有时也用于客观描述。
在日常对话中，人们常用“故意的”来讨论某人是否故意做了某事，比如：“他是故意的吗？”（Was he doing it on purpose?）。在法律或正式场合，判断行为是否“故意的”尤为重要，因为它关系到责任的判定。例如，在描述事故或错误时，区分“故意的”和“无意的”是关键。在人际关系中，如果有人做了让你不舒服的事情，你可能会问：“你这样做是故意的吗？”（Did you do that on purpose?）。
“刻意的”强调花费了心思和精力去追求某个目标或效果，有时带有“不自然”、“做作”的意味，比如“他总是刻意表现得很有学问”。它不一定像“故意的”那样直接指向负面行为，但强调了行为背后的努力和某种不自然的痕迹。
“有意的”和“故意的”意思非常接近，都表示有目的、非偶然。但在语感上，“故意的”可能更侧重于行为的明确性，有时甚至略带贬义，强调“就是想这么做”。而“有意的”则更中性，强调“有这个意图”。例如，“他有意的疏远我”和“他故意的疏远我”都可以，但后者可能语气更重一些。
“蓄意的”比“故意的”程度更深，通常指经过长时间策划、阴谋的，带有更强的负面含义，常用于描述犯罪或阴谋行为，如“蓄意谋杀”。
Examples
他这样做是故意的，想让我难堪。
everydayHe did it on purpose, wanting to embarrass me.
在法律上，区分故意伤害与过失伤害至关重要。
formalIn law, distinguishing intentional assault from negligent injury is crucial.
别告诉我你不是故意的，我看得出来。
informalDon't tell me you didn't do it on purpose, I can tell.
研究表明，这种行为并非随机发生，而是有其故意的设计。
academicResearch indicates this behavior was not random but had a deliberate design.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
不是故意的
unintentional / not on purpose
是故意的
intentional / on purpose
故意为之
to do sth deliberately
Often Confused With
'无意的' (wú yì de) is the direct antonym of '故意的', meaning unintentional, accidental, or inadvertent. It implies a lack of prior thought or purpose behind an action.
'偶然的' (ǒu rán de) means accidental or by chance. While often overlapping with 'unintentional', it emphasizes randomness and lack of predictability more than a lack of intent.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '故意的' is very common in everyday Chinese. It can be used in both spoken and written language. Be mindful of the tone; it can sometimes imply blame or criticism, especially when used to accuse someone.
Common Mistakes
Confusing '故意的' with '无意的' or '偶然的' is a common error for learners. Ensure you understand whether the action was planned or happened by chance. Also, note that '故意的' is primarily an adjective, while '故意地' is its adverbial form.
Tips
Distinguish Intent from Accident
Use '故意的' to clearly state that an action was planned and deliberate, not a mistake or coincidence.
Avoid Overuse in Accusations
While useful, repeatedly accusing someone of acting '故意的' without proof can damage relationships. Consider the context and your certainty.
Importance in Legal Contexts
In Chinese legal systems, as in many others, the distinction between '故意的' (intentional) and '过失' (negligent/unintentional) is crucial for determining guilt and sentencing.
Word Origin
The word '故意的' is composed of '故' (gù), meaning 'reason', 'cause', or 'former', and '意' (yì), meaning 'intention' or 'meaning'. Together, they literally mean 'having intention for a reason', signifying a deliberate act.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, distinguishing between intentional and unintentional actions is important for maintaining social harmony. Admitting fault, especially when an action was '故意的', is often expected, while genuine apologies are offered for unintentional mistakes.
Memory Tip
Think of '故意的' as 'for the sake of purpose'. The character '故' (gù) can relate to reason or cause, and '意' (yì) means intention. Together, they strongly suggest a deliberate action driven by a specific reason or intent.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“故意的”指某事是出于明确的意图和计划而发生。而“不是故意的”则表示某事是偶然、无心或在不知情的情况下发生的，行为者没有预设的意图。
当你想强调某人行为的明确意图，或者想区分某事是计划好的还是意外发生时，就可以使用“故意的”。例如，批评某人故意犯错，或者解释自己并非有意伤害他人。
通常“故意的”用来形容人的行为或态度，但也可以间接形容由人的意图导致的事物，比如“故意的疏忽”或“故意的安排”。它本质上还是指向人的主观意图。
两者都常用，但侧重点略有不同。“故意的”可能更强调行为的明确性和结果，有时略带负面色彩；“有意的”更侧重于意图本身，相对更中性。
Test Yourself
他打碎花瓶不是____，只是不小心碰掉了。
句子的后半部分“只是不小心碰掉了”表明行为并非出于本意，因此空格处应填表示“有意图”的“故意的”，与后文形成对比。
她的迟到是故意的，想让大家等她。
“故意的”意味着有明确的意图和计划，选项B“计划好的”最能体现这一层含义。
他 / 计划 / 破坏 / 是 / 故意的
“故意的”在这里作状语，修饰动词“破坏”，表示破坏行为是有意图的。“他”是主语，“计划”是宾语。C选项结构完整且符合语法。
Score: /3
Summary
“故意的” signifies an action performed with conscious intent and purpose, distinguishing it from accidental occurrences.
- Intentional action, not accidental.
- Emphasizes a conscious decision and purpose.
- Used in various contexts, from daily chat to formal settings.
Distinguish Intent from Accident
Use '故意的' to clearly state that an action was planned and deliberate, not a mistake or coincidence.
Avoid Overuse in Accusations
While useful, repeatedly accusing someone of acting '故意的' without proof can damage relationships. Consider the context and your certainty.
Importance in Legal Contexts
In Chinese legal systems, as in many others, the distinction between '故意的' (intentional) and '过失' (negligent/unintentional) is crucial for determining guilt and sentencing.
Examples
4 of 4他这样做是故意的，想让我难堪。
He did it on purpose, wanting to embarrass me.
在法律上，区分故意伤害与过失伤害至关重要。
In law, distinguishing intentional assault from negligent injury is crucial.
别告诉我你不是故意的，我看得出来。
Don't tell me you didn't do it on purpose, I can tell.
研究表明，这种行为并非随机发生，而是有其故意的设计。
Research indicates this behavior was not random but had a deliberate design.
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