不但...而且... in 30 Seconds

  • Connects two ideas: 'not only... but also...'.
  • Adds extra, often more important, information.
  • Used in spoken and written Chinese.
  • Essential for detailed descriptions.
The Chinese conjunction phrase '不但...而且...' (bù dàn... ér qiě...) is a very common and useful structure used to connect two clauses or phrases, indicating that the second part adds further information or emphasis to the first. It translates directly to 'not only... but also...' in English. This phrase is used to highlight that something is true for the first point, and in addition, it is also true for the second point, often implying an increase in scope, intensity, or importance. It's a way to build upon an initial statement with supplementary information, creating a more comprehensive and nuanced expression. You'll encounter this structure frequently in both spoken and written Chinese, as it's a fundamental tool for constructing more complex sentences and expressing relationships between ideas. It helps to create a sense of accumulation and reinforcement, making your communication more effective and descriptive. For instance, when describing a person, a place, or an event, you can use '不但...而且...' to list multiple positive or negative attributes, or to show how different aspects are related. The '不但' part introduces the first element, and the '而且' part introduces the additional, often more significant, element. This dual structure ensures that both parts of the comparison or addition are given due attention. It's particularly useful when you want to emphasize that a situation is more than just one thing; it's also something else, and that 'something else' might be even more noteworthy or impactful. Think of it as a way to say, "It's not just this, it's also that, and that's important too." This makes it a powerful tool for persuasive language, descriptive writing, and clear explanations. The flexibility of this phrase allows it to be used in a wide variety of contexts, from casual conversations to formal essays, making it an essential part of any learner's Chinese vocabulary.
Usage Scenarios
Used to add information, emphasize multiple aspects, build upon a statement, and create a sense of accumulation.
Key Function
Connects two clauses, with the second clause adding to or emphasizing the first.
Structure
Clause 1 + 不但 + Clause 2 + 而且 + Clause 3 (or Clause 1 + 不但 + Clause 2, and Clause 2 is the focus).

This book is 不但 interesting, 而且 very informative. (这本书不但有趣,而且很有信息量。)

The structure of '不但...而且...' is quite straightforward. Typically, you will have a subject followed by '不但', then the first predicate or clause, then '而且', and finally the second predicate or clause. The subject is often shared between the two parts, but not always. When the subject is the same, it usually appears before '不但'. If the subjects are different, they might be introduced separately. The key is that both parts connected by '不但...而且...' should be grammatically parallel and logically related. For example, you can describe a person's qualities: "He is not only smart, but also hardworking." (他不但聪明,而且勤奋。) Here, '聪明' (smart) and '勤奋' (hardworking) are both attributes of '他' (he). You can also describe actions or events: "She not only sings well, but also dances beautifully." (她不但歌唱得好,而且跳舞也很棒。) In this case, '歌唱得好' (sings well) and '跳舞也很棒' (dances beautifully) are two skills she possesses. The phrase can also be used to describe a situation that has multiple aspects: "This restaurant is not only delicious, but also very affordable." (这家餐厅不但好吃,而且价格也很实惠。) Here, '好吃' (delicious) and '价格也很实惠' (price is also affordable) are two positive features of the restaurant. Remember that '而且' can sometimes be replaced by '并且' (bìng qiě) or '还' (hái) depending on the nuance, but '而且' is the most common and versatile choice for this structure. The grammar is flexible enough to accommodate various sentence types, including statements, descriptions, and even some comparisons. The core idea remains the same: presenting two related pieces of information, with the second piece reinforcing or expanding upon the first. It's important to ensure that the two clauses or phrases being connected are of similar grammatical form to maintain clarity and flow in your sentence. For instance, if the first part is a verb phrase, the second part should ideally also be a verb phrase or a similar structure. This parallelism is crucial for effective communication in Chinese.
Sentence Structure
Subject + 不但 + Predicate 1 + 而且 + Predicate 2.
Variations
Sometimes, '而且' can be followed by '也' (yě) or '还' (hái) for added emphasis, especially when the second predicate refers to the same subject.
Parallelism
Ensure that the grammatical structure of the two parts connected by '不但' and '而且' is consistent for clarity.

He not only speaks English, but also understands French. (他不但会说英语,而且也懂法语。)

You will hear '不但...而且...' in a vast array of everyday situations. In casual conversations, friends might use it to describe shared experiences or preferences: "This movie is not only funny, but also very touching." (这部电影不但好笑,而且很感人。) A parent might tell their child: "You not only need to study hard, but also take care of your health." (你不但要好好学习,而且也要注意身体。) In more formal settings, like lectures or presentations, speakers use it to elaborate on points: "Our company's new product not only has innovative features, but also offers competitive pricing." (我们公司的新产品不但功能创新,而且价格也很具竞争力。) In news reports, it might be used to describe complex issues: "The government's new policy not only aims to boost the economy, but also to improve social welfare." (政府的新政策不但旨在刺激经济,而且也希望改善社会福利。) Even in simple daily interactions, like ordering food, you might hear something like: "This dish is not only spicy, but also very flavorful." (这道菜不但辣,而且味道很足。) When people talk about their hobbies, they might say: "I not only enjoy reading, but also writing." (我不但喜欢看书,而且也喜欢写作。) It's a phrase that adds depth and detail to descriptions, making them more vivid and comprehensive. The more you listen to native speakers, the more you'll notice its prevalence. It's a staple in descriptive language, used to paint a fuller picture of any subject. Whether discussing personal achievements, describing a place, or analyzing a situation, '不但...而且...' serves as a bridge between two related ideas, emphasizing that both are significant. You'll find it in discussions about travel, food, technology, education, and virtually any topic where multiple aspects need to be highlighted. It's a truly versatile connector that enriches the flow of communication.
Everyday Conversations
Used to describe people, places, things, and experiences with multiple positive or negative attributes.
Formal Settings
Common in speeches, presentations, and academic writing to present multifaceted arguments or descriptions.
Media and News
Used to explain complex situations, policy impacts, or event details by highlighting multiple contributing factors or outcomes.

This city is not only beautiful, but also full of history. (这座城市不但很美,而且历史悠久。)

One common mistake learners make is to use '不但' without '而且' or to use it in a context where it's not appropriate for adding information. For example, saying "不但我很喜欢,而且我也喜欢" (Not only I like, but also I like) is redundant and awkward. The structure implies two distinct but related points. Another error is incorrect word order. For instance, placing '不但' after the subject in the second clause when it should be with the first: "我喜欢他,而且不但他也很聪明" (I like him, and not only he is also smart) is grammatically incorrect. The '不但' should precede the first characteristic. Sometimes, learners might use '不但' to mean just 'also' or 'and', which misses the core meaning of 'not only... but also'. For example, using it in a simple additive sense like "I have a pen, 不但 I have a book" would be incorrect; '而且' or '也' would be more appropriate there. A further mistake is failing to maintain parallelism between the two clauses. If the first clause is a verb phrase, the second should ideally be too, or at least a parallel structure. For example, "He not only works hard (verb phrase), but also his attitude is good (noun phrase with adjective)" might sound a bit disjointed. A better parallel would be "He not only works hard, but also has a good attitude." (他不但工作努力,而且态度也很好。) Finally, some might overuse the phrase, making sentences sound repetitive. It's important to use it strategically when you genuinely want to emphasize two connected points.
Missing '而且'
Forgetting to include '而且' after the first clause, or using '不但' alone without its corresponding partner.
Incorrect Word Order
Placing '不但' in the wrong position, especially when the subject is repeated or different in the second clause.
Lack of Parallelism
Connecting clauses with significantly different grammatical structures, making the sentence sound awkward.

Incorrect: I not only like apples, also bananas. (我不但喜欢苹果,喜欢香蕉。)

Correct: I not only like apples, but also bananas. (我不但喜欢苹果,而且也喜欢香蕉。)

While '不但...而且...' is the most common way to express 'not only... but also...', there are other phrases that can convey similar meanings, sometimes with slight variations in nuance or formality. One close alternative is '不仅...而且...' (bù jǐn... ér qiě...). '不仅' is very similar in meaning to '不但' and is often interchangeable. The choice between '不但' and '不仅' can sometimes be a matter of regional preference or stylistic variation, but both are widely understood and used. For example, '他不仅聪明,而且努力' (Tā bù jǐn cōngmíng, érqiě nǔlì) means the same as '他不但聪明,而且努力'. Another option is to use '不仅...也...' (bù jǐn... yě...) or '不但...也...' (bù dàn... yě...). This structure is often used when the second part is a direct continuation or elaboration of the first, particularly when referring to the same subject. For instance, '我不但喜欢吃水果,也喜欢喝果汁' (Wǒ bù dàn xǐhuan chī shuǐguǒ, yě xǐhuan hē guǒzhī) - 'I not only like eating fruit, but also like drinking juice.' The '也' (also) here reinforces the addition. For a slightly more formal or literary feel, '不仅...并且...' (bù jǐn... bìng qiě...) can be used. '并且' is a conjunction that means 'and' or 'furthermore', and it works well to connect two clauses, similar to '而且'. In some contexts, especially when the second point is a significant addition or consequence, you might see '不光...还...' (bù guāng... hái...). '不光' is another synonym for 'not only', and '还' means 'also' or 'even more'. This can imply a stronger emphasis on the second part. If you simply want to add another item or point without the strong 'not only' implication, you can use conjunctions like '和' (hé - and, for nouns), '并且' (bìng qiě - and, furthermore, for clauses), or simply list items with commas and then use '和' or '以及' (yǐ jí - and, as well as) before the last item. However, these do not carry the specific emphasis of '不但...而且...'. When choosing an alternative, consider the level of formality, the specific nuance you want to convey, and the flow of your sentence. '不但...而且...' and '不仅...而且...' are the most common and versatile for general use.
'不仅...而且...'
Very similar to '不但...而且...', often interchangeable. '不仅' is a synonym for '不但'.
'不但...也...' / '不仅...也...'
Used when the second part is a direct continuation or elaboration, often with the same subject. '也' means 'also'.
'不光...还...'
Similar to '不但...而且...', but '还' can sometimes imply a stronger emphasis on the second part.

Alternative: He not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. (他不仅唱歌好听,而且跳舞也很棒。)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The structure of '不但...而且...' mirrors similar correlative conjunctions in other languages, like 'not only... but also...' in English, or 'nicht nur... sondern auch...' in German. This suggests a universal linguistic need to express additive relationships between clauses. The phrase has become so ingrained in Chinese that it's difficult to imagine expressing this kind of nuanced addition without it.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /bù tǎn ‖ ər qiě/
US /bù dǎn ‖ ər t͡ʃiɛ/
The primary stress is generally on the second character of each part: 'dàn' in '不但' and 'qiě' in '而且'. However, the overall rhythm is more important than individual word stress.
Rhymes With
dan qian yan tian pian nian jian xian lian bian mian yan ran wan fan kan tan shan han zan nan an
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing '不' (bù) with a neutral tone when it precedes a fourth-tone character (like '但'), but here '但' is fourth tone, so '不' correctly becomes neutral or the third tone 'bú' in some contexts, though 'bù' is standard before 'dàn'.
  • Not pausing between '不但' and '而且' when the subject is the same, which can make the sentence sound rushed.
  • Mispronouncing the tones of '而' (rising) and '且' (rising).

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

This phrase is very common in A2-level reading materials and beyond. Understanding its structure and meaning is crucial for comprehending sentences with additive clauses.

Writing 3/5
Speaking 3/5
Listening 3/5

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

不 (bù) 但 (dàn) 而且 (ér qiě) 和 (hé) 也 (yě)

Learn Next

不仅 (bù jǐn) 不过 (bú guò) 虽然 (suī rán)

Advanced

然而 (rán ér) Nevertheless Moreover Furthermore

Grammar to Know

Correlative Conjunctions

不但...而且... is a type of correlative conjunction that links two related clauses, emphasizing both parts.

Sentence Structure with Additive Clauses

The basic structure is Subject + 不但 + Predicate 1 + 而且 + Predicate 2, where both predicates modify the subject.

Parallelism in Sentence Construction

It is best to maintain similar grammatical structures for the two parts connected by '不但' and '而且' for clarity and fluency.

Tones of '不'

'不' (bù) changes to the third tone 'bú' when followed by another third tone, but it remains 'bù' before a fourth tone like in '不但'.

Using '也' or '还' as alternatives to '而且'

Sometimes, '不但...也...' or '不但...还...' can be used, especially when the second clause is a direct continuation or emphasizes the additional aspect.

Examples by Level

1

我喜欢苹果,而且喜欢香蕉。

I like apples, and also like bananas.

Simple addition of two liked fruits.

2

这个孩子不但可爱,而且很聪明。

This child not only is cute, but also is very smart.

Connecting two positive attributes of a child.

3

今天不但晴朗,而且很暖和。

Today not only is sunny, but also is very warm.

Describing two pleasant weather conditions.

4

他不但会说汉语,而且会说英语。

He not only can speak Chinese, but also can speak English.

Listing two languages a person can speak.

5

这件衣服不但漂亮,而且便宜。

This piece of clothing not only is beautiful, but also is cheap.

Connecting aesthetic appeal and price.

6

我不但喜欢看书,而且喜欢听音乐。

I not only like reading books, but also like listening to music.

Listing two enjoyable hobbies.

7

这个地方不但安静,而且很干净。

This place not only is quiet, but also is very clean.

Describing two positive qualities of a location.

8

他不但跑得快,而且跳得高。

He not only runs fast, but also jumps high.

Describing two athletic abilities.

1

这家餐厅不但菜好吃,而且服务也好。

This restaurant not only has delicious food, but also has good service.

Connecting two positive aspects of a restaurant: food and service.

2

她不但学习努力,而且很有天赋。

She not only studies hard, but also is very talented.

Highlighting both effort and natural ability.

3

这个项目不但有创意,而且很实用。

This project not only is creative, but also is very practical.

Describing a project's dual benefits: innovation and utility.

4

他不但会开车,而且会修车。

He not only can drive, but also can repair cars.

Listing two related skills concerning vehicles.

5

这个城市不但经济发达,而且文化也很丰富。

This city not only is economically developed, but also its culture is very rich.

Connecting economic prosperity with cultural richness.

6

我的新工作不但有挑战性,而且薪水也很高。

My new job not only is challenging, but also the salary is very high.

Describing a job with both difficulty and reward.

7

这幅画不但色彩鲜艳,而且构图也很巧妙。

This painting not only has bright colors, but also its composition is very clever.

Analyzing a painting's visual elements: color and composition.

8

他不但关心家人,而且也关心朋友。

He not only cares about his family, but also cares about his friends.

Extending care to different social circles.

1

这次旅行不但让我放松了身心,而且也开阔了我的视野。

This trip not only relaxed my body and mind, but also broadened my horizons.

Highlighting both personal well-being and intellectual growth from an experience.

2

这项技术不但能提高生产效率,而且还能减少环境污染。

This technology not only can increase production efficiency, but also can reduce environmental pollution.

Describing a technology's dual benefits: economic and ecological.

3

这位作家不但作品数量多,而且每部作品都质量很高。

This author not only has a large quantity of works, but also every work has very high quality.

Praising an author for both productivity and quality.

4

他不但适应了新的工作环境,而且很快就取得了显著的成绩。

He not only adapted to the new work environment, but also quickly achieved remarkable results.

Showing successful adaptation and subsequent achievement.

5

这个计划不但考虑到了短期效益,而且也为长远发展奠定了基础。

This plan not only considered short-term benefits, but also laid the foundation for long-term development.

Analyzing a plan's foresight in both immediate and future impacts.

6

她不但乐于助人,而且总是能提供有建设性的意见。

She not only is willing to help others, but also can always provide constructive advice.

Highlighting both helpfulness and the quality of advice.

7

这次会议不但讨论了关键问题,而且也达成了重要的共识。

This meeting not only discussed key issues, but also reached important consensus.

Summarizing the outcomes of a meeting: discussion and agreement.

8

这个博物馆不但展品丰富,而且教育意义也很深远。

This museum not only has abundant exhibits, but also its educational significance is profound.

Praising a museum for its collection and educational value.

1

该公司的创新模式不但吸引了大量投资,而且也为行业树立了新的标杆。

The company's innovative model not only attracted a large amount of investment, but also set a new benchmark for the industry.

Describing a company's dual impact: financial and industry-wide.

2

这位科学家不但提出了革命性的理论,而且还成功地进行了实验验证。

This scientist not only proposed a revolutionary theory, but also successfully conducted experimental verification.

Highlighting both theoretical contribution and practical validation.

3

政府推出的新政策不但旨在促进经济增长,而且也致力于解决社会不公问题。

The new policy introduced by the government not only aims to promote economic growth, but also is committed to solving social inequality issues.

Detailing a policy's dual objectives: economic and social.

4

这部电影不但具有深刻的艺术价值,而且也引发了广泛的社会讨论。

This movie not only possesses profound artistic value, but also has sparked widespread social discussion.

Connecting artistic merit with social impact.

5

这次国际合作不但促进了技术交流,而且也加深了各国之间的相互理解。

This international cooperation not only promoted technological exchange, but also deepened mutual understanding between countries.

Describing the outcomes of cooperation: technological and diplomatic.

6

该培训课程不但教授了实用的职业技能,而且也培养了学员的团队协作能力。

This training course not only taught practical professional skills, but also cultivated the trainees' teamwork ability.

Detailing a course's impact on both individual skills and group dynamics.

7

他不但具备深厚的学术功底,而且在实践应用方面也展现出非凡的才华。

He not only possesses a profound academic foundation, but also demonstrates extraordinary talent in practical application.

Highlighting excellence in both theoretical knowledge and practical skills.

8

这个生态保护区不但物种多样性丰富,而且对当地气候的调节作用也十分显著。

This nature reserve not only has rich biodiversity, but also its role in regulating the local climate is very significant.

Connecting biodiversity with environmental regulation.

1

该研究不仅揭示了该疾病的发病机制,而且为开发新的治疗方案提供了理论依据。

This research not only revealed the pathogenesis of the disease, but also provided theoretical basis for developing new treatment plans.

Describing research impact: understanding a disease and guiding future treatments.

2

这位领导者不但具备卓越的战略眼光,而且在危机处理方面也展现出非凡的冷静与果断。

This leader not only possesses excellent strategic vision, but also demonstrates extraordinary calmness and decisiveness in crisis management.

Highlighting leadership qualities in both long-term planning and immediate crisis response.

3

该文化遗产的保护工作不但要注重其物质形态的修复,而且要深入挖掘其精神内涵。

The protection of this cultural heritage must not only focus on the restoration of its material form, but also deeply explore its spiritual connotation.

Emphasizing a dual approach to heritage preservation: physical and spiritual.

4

其艺术作品不但技法精湛,而且充满了对社会现实的深刻反思。

His/Her artwork not only has exquisite technique, but also is full of profound reflection on social reality.

Connecting artistic mastery with social commentary.

5

本次峰会不但就贸易协定达成了初步共识,而且也为未来的全球治理体系改革奠定了基础。

This summit not only reached a preliminary consensus on the trade agreement, but also laid the foundation for the reform of the future global governance system.

Describing the outcomes of a summit: immediate agreement and long-term structural impact.

6

这家企业不但实现了可观的经济效益,而且在履行企业社会责任方面也做出了杰出贡献。

This company not only achieved considerable economic benefits, but also made outstanding contributions in fulfilling corporate social responsibility.

Highlighting a company's success in both profit generation and social contribution.

7

他不但对所研究的领域有着深入的理解,而且其批判性思维能力也得到了同行的高度评价。

He not only has a deep understanding of the field he studies, but also his critical thinking ability has received high praise from his peers.

Praising an individual for both specialized knowledge and analytical skills.

8

该倡议不但能够有效缓解当前的危机,而且也为构建更具韧性的未来社会提供了长远解决方案。

This initiative not only can effectively alleviate the current crisis, but also provides long-term solutions for building a more resilient future society.

Describing an initiative's dual impact: immediate relief and long-term resilience building.

1

该理论的提出不但颠覆了传统的认知框架,而且为后续的学科发展开辟了新的疆域。

The proposal of this theory not only subverted the traditional cognitive framework, but also opened up new frontiers for subsequent disciplinary development.

Describing a theory's impact on existing knowledge and future research direction.

2

这位艺术家的创作不仅是对个体情感的深刻抒发,更是对时代精神的敏锐捕捉与升华。

This artist's creation is not only a profound expression of individual emotions, but also a keen capture and sublimation of the spirit of the times.

Connecting personal expression with broader societal commentary and artistic elevation.

3

其外交策略的制定,不但充分考量了国家的核心利益,而且也积极回应了全球性的挑战。

The formulation of his/her foreign policy strategy not only fully considered the core interests of the nation, but also actively responded to global challenges.

Detailing foreign policy's dual focus: national interest and global responsibility.

4

该教育改革方案不但致力于提升学生的学业成绩,而且也强调培养其终身学习的能力和健全的人格。

This educational reform plan not only aims to improve students' academic performance, but also emphasizes cultivating their lifelong learning ability and sound personality.

Describing educational reform's comprehensive goals: academic, personal growth, and lifelong learning.

5

此次技术突破不但解决了长期困扰行业的技术难题,而且也为相关产业的升级换代提供了强大的驱动力。

This technological breakthrough not only solved the technical difficulties that have long plagued the industry, but also provided a strong driving force for the upgrading and transformation of related industries.

Highlighting a breakthrough's impact on solving existing issues and fostering future industry development.

6

这位社会活动家不但为弱势群体争取了合法的权益,而且也成功地唤醒了公众的社会责任意识。

This social activist not only fought for the legal rights of vulnerable groups, but also successfully awakened the public's awareness of social responsibility.

Describing the dual achievements of an activist: securing rights and raising awareness.

7

该文学作品不但以其精妙的叙事结构著称,而且其对人性复杂性的深刻洞察也赢得了广泛赞誉。

This literary work is not only renowned for its exquisite narrative structure, but also its profound insight into the complexity of human nature has won widespread acclaim.

Connecting narrative skill with profound thematic exploration and critical reception.

8

该城市的转型发展不但实现了经济的多元化,而且也显著提升了居民的生活品质和幸福感。

The city's transformation and development not only achieved economic diversification, but also significantly improved the quality of life and sense of happiness for its residents.

Describing urban development's impact on both economic structure and citizen welfare.

Common Collocations

不但聪明,而且努力
不但好吃,而且便宜
不但有趣,而且有益
不但重要,而且紧急
不但方便,而且快捷
不但能...而且能...
不但漂亮,而且实用
不但如此,而且...
不但努力,而且有天赋
不但让人开心,而且让人感动

Common Phrases

不但...而且...

— This is the core phrase, meaning 'not only... but also...'. It's used to connect two points, where the second point adds to or emphasizes the first.

他不但努力学习,而且成绩优异。

不但如此

— This phrase means 'not only that' or 'not only so'. It's often used to introduce an additional, often more significant, point after a previous statement. It can sometimes stand alone or be followed by '而且'.

他考试没及格,不但如此,他还惹了老师生气。

不但...

— Sometimes '不但' can be used at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the first part of the 'not only' idea, with the expectation of '而且' or a similar conjunction following.

不但这个方法可行,其他方法也值得尝试。

而且...

— This is the second part of the correlative conjunction, meaning 'but also' or 'and also'. It introduces the additional point.

他不但聪明,而且也很有毅力。

不但是...也是...

— This is a variation often used when '也' (also) is used instead of '而且'. It still conveys the 'not only... but also...' meaning.

这不但是一个挑战,也是一个机会。

不但...还...

— Similar to using '也', '还' means 'also' or 'even more', and can be used with '不但' to connect two points.

这个软件不但功能强大,还操作简便。

不但...并且...

— This is a more formal way to connect two points, using '并且' (furthermore, and) instead of '而且'.

该项目不但具有创新性,并且能够带来长远效益。

不但...

— In some contexts, '不但' might be used to introduce a clause that is then followed by a contrasting or additional idea introduced by a different conjunction, but the primary meaning of 'not only' is still present.

不但天气不好,而且我们也没有带伞。

而且

— When '而且' appears without '不但' preceding it, it usually functions as a simple conjunction meaning 'and' or 'furthermore', connecting two clauses or phrases.

他很努力,而且非常聪明。

不但...甚至...

— This structure is not a direct synonym, but '甚至' (even) can sometimes follow '不但' to introduce an even more extreme or surprising point, emphasizing the 'even more so' aspect.

他不但会说汉语,甚至还会写毛笔字。

Often Confused With

不但...而且... vs 但是 (dàn shì)

'但是' means 'but' and is used to introduce a contrast or something unexpected. '不但' introduces an addition and is paired with '而且'.

不但...而且... vs 况且 (kuàng qiě)

'况且' means 'moreover' or 'besides' and is used to add a supporting reason or justification, often in a more formal context. It's not a direct substitute for the 'not only... but also...' structure.

不但...而且... vs 而且 (ér qiě)

'而且' is only the second part of the '不但...而且...' structure. While it can stand alone as 'and also' or 'furthermore', it doesn't carry the 'not only' meaning by itself.

Easily Confused

不但...而且... vs 不仅 (bù jǐn)

'不仅' is a very close synonym for '不但' and is often used interchangeably. The confusion arises from choosing between them.

'不但' and '不仅' both mean 'not only'. '不但' is perhaps slightly more common in everyday spoken Chinese, while '不仅' is also very widely used and can sometimes feel slightly more formal or literary, though the difference is minimal. In most contexts, they are interchangeable. For example, '他不但聪明,而且努力' and '他不仅聪明,而且努力' mean the same thing.

他不但聪明,而且努力。 (He is not only smart, but also hardworking.) 他不仅聪明,而且努力。 (He is not only smart, but also hardworking.)

不但...而且... vs 并且 (bìng qiě)

'并且' can also connect two clauses and means 'and' or 'furthermore', similar to '而且'.

'并且' is a more general conjunction for adding information or connecting parallel clauses. '不但...而且...' specifically conveys the 'not only... but also...' meaning, emphasizing that both parts are true and often implying the second part is an additional or stronger point. You can use '并且' to connect two independent ideas, but '不但...而且...' specifically highlights the additive relationship where the first point is a prerequisite or foundation for the second.

他学习认真,并且乐于助人。(He studies diligently, and is also willing to help others.) - General connection. 他不但学习认真,而且乐于助人。(He not only studies diligently, but also is willing to help others.) - Emphasizes both diligence and helpfulness as key traits.

不但...而且... vs 也 (yě)

'也' means 'also' and can sometimes be used in place of '而且' after '不但' or '不仅'.

'而且' generally implies a stronger addition or a more significant aspect being added. '也' is a more neutral 'also' and might suggest a simpler addition or continuation of the same type of information. For example, '他不但会说汉语,而且会写汉字' (He not only speaks Chinese, but also writes Chinese characters - implying both are important skills). '他不但会说汉语,也懂日语' (He not only speaks Chinese, but also understands Japanese - a simpler addition of another language skill).

他不但会说汉语,而且会写汉字。(He not only speaks Chinese, but also writes Chinese characters.) 他不但会说汉语,也懂日语。(He not only speaks Chinese, but also understands Japanese.)

不但...而且... vs 还 (hái)

'还' means 'also' or 'still' and can be used similarly to '也' or '而且' in some additive contexts.

'还' can sometimes imply an 'even more' or 'in addition' nuance, potentially suggesting a slightly stronger emphasis on the second point than '也'. It's often used in informal contexts. While '而且' is the most standard partner for '不但', '还' can sometimes substitute for it. For example, '这个产品不但功能多,还价格实惠' (This product not only has many functions, but is also affordable) sounds natural and informal.

这个产品不但功能多,而且价格实惠。(Standard, neutral) 这个产品不但功能多,还价格实惠。(More informal, emphasizes the affordability as an added bonus.)

不但...而且... vs 但是 (dàn shì)

Both '不但' and '但是' start with '但'.

'不但' is part of the correlative conjunction '不但...而且...' meaning 'not only... but also...', used for addition. '但是' is a simple conjunction meaning 'but', used to introduce a contrast or opposing idea. They serve fundamentally different grammatical functions and convey opposite logical relationships.

他不但努力,而且聪明。(He is not only diligent, but also smart.) - Addition. 他很努力,但是没成功。(He worked hard, but did not succeed.) - Contrast.

Sentence Patterns

A1

Subject + 不但 + Adjective 1 + 而且 + Adjective 2

他不但高,而且很壮。

A1

Subject + 不但 + Verb 1 + 而且 + Verb 2

我不但吃饭,而且喝水。

A2

Subject + 不但 + Verb Phrase 1 + 而且 + Verb Phrase 2

她不但喜欢画画,而且喜欢唱歌。

A2

Subject + 不但 + Noun Phrase 1 + 而且 + Noun Phrase 2

他不但是个好学生,而且是个好朋友。

B1

Subject + 不但 + Clause 1 + 而且 + Clause 2

这个计划不但可行,而且会成功。

B1

Subject + 不但 + Adverbial Phrase 1 + 而且 + Adverbial Phrase 2

他不但跑得快,而且跳得高。

B2

Subject + 不但 + Verb + Object 1 + 而且 + Verb + Object 2

我们不但完成了任务,而且还超额完成了。

B2

Subject + 不但 + Verb + Complement 1 + 而且 + Verb + Complement 2

他不但把事情做好了,而且做得非常出色。

Word Family

Related

但是 Similar structure, but expresses contrast ('but').
而且 The second part of the phrase, meaning 'and also' or 'furthermore'.
不但 The first part of the phrase, meaning 'not only'.
The negation character, fundamental to '不但'.
The conjunction character, part of '而且'.

How to Use It

frequency

Very High

Common Mistakes
  • Using '不但' without '而且' or a similar conjunction. 他不但努力学习,而且成绩优异。

    '不但' is typically the first part of a correlative conjunction. Omitting '而且' leaves the sentence incomplete and grammatically awkward. The phrase functions as a unit.

  • Incorrect word order, e.g., placing '不但' after the subject in the second clause. 他不但学习努力,而且为人诚恳。

    The structure is generally Subject + 不但 + Predicate 1 + 而且 + Predicate 2. Placing '不但' incorrectly disrupts the intended meaning and grammatical flow.

  • Lack of parallelism between the two connected parts. 她不但会唱歌,而且跳舞也很棒。

    While not always strictly required, maintaining similar grammatical structures (e.g., verb phrase + verb phrase) for the parts connected by '不但' and '而且' makes the sentence clearer and more elegant. Connecting a simple verb phrase to a more complex clause can sound disjointed.

  • Using '不但' to simply add two unrelated items. 我喜欢苹果,而且喜欢香蕉。

    '不但...而且...' implies a connection or an additive emphasis, where the second point often builds upon or is equally important to the first. For simple addition of unrelated items, '和' or just listing might be more appropriate.

  • Confusing '不但' with '但是'. 他不但努力学习,而且成绩优异。

    '不但' is for addition ('not only... but also...'), while '但是' is for contrast ('but'). They have opposite logical functions.

Tips

Mastering the Pair

Remember that '不但' and '而且' work as a pair. Think of '不但' as introducing the first item and '而且' as adding the second, often more significant, item. They are like two pieces of a puzzle that fit together to create a complete picture.

Tone and Pause

Pay attention to the tones: 'bù dàn' (falling, falling) and 'ér qiě' (rising, rising). A slight pause between '不但' and '而且' can help clarify the structure, especially in spoken Chinese.

Parallelism is Key

For smooth and clear sentences, try to keep the grammatical structure of the part after '不但' similar to the part after '而且'. For example, if you use an adjective after '不但', use an adjective after '而且'.

Synonym Swap

Familiarize yourself with '不仅...而且...' as it's a very common alternative. Practicing with both will enhance your fluency and understanding.

Versatile Connector

This phrase is incredibly versatile. Use it to describe people, places, situations, skills, or opinions. It's a fundamental tool for adding depth and detail to your descriptions.

Visual Anchors

Create a visual image: '不但' is like a starting point, and '而且' is a bridge that leads to an even better destination. This visual can help you recall the additive and emphatic nature of the phrase.

Avoid Redundancy

Do not use '不但' to simply add two items without the 'not only' implication, and ensure you always have '而且' (or a suitable alternative) to complete the structure.

Sentence Building

Actively try to construct your own sentences using '不但...而且...' to describe things around you or your personal experiences. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.

Completeness in Expression

In Chinese communication, presenting a full picture is often valued. '不但...而且...' helps achieve this by allowing you to cover multiple important aspects of a subject, reflecting a tendency towards thoroughness.

Beyond Simple Addition

While it means 'not only... but also...', sometimes the '而且' part implies something more significant, surprising, or impactful than the first part, adding a layer of emphasis.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Bù Dàn' as 'But Dann' (a name) who did something. Then 'Ér Qiě' as 'and also Chester' (another name) did something too. So, 'But Dann did this, and also Chester did that.' This helps remember the two parts and their additive meaning.

Visual Association

Imagine two separate boxes, each representing a point. The first box has a 'Not Only' sign, and the second box has a 'But Also' sign. Both boxes are connected by a strong, vibrant arrow showing information flowing from the first to the second, indicating addition and emphasis.

Word Web

不但 而且 连接 并列 补充 强调 信息 句子

Challenge

Try to create sentences using '不但...而且...' to describe your favorite hobbies, your family members, or your daily routine. Focus on adding at least two distinct but related pieces of information in each sentence.

Word Origin

The phrase '不但...而且...' is a correlative conjunction that developed over time in the Chinese language. Both '但' and '而' have ancient origins in Classical Chinese. '但' originally meant 'only' or 'but', and '而' served as a conjunction meaning 'and' or 'but'. The combination evolved into the specific structure we use today.

Original meaning: '但' (dàn) can be traced back to ancient characters related to 'stop' or 'but'. In Classical Chinese, it often functioned as a conjunction indicating a turn or a limitation. '而' (ér) is a very ancient character with multiple uses, including conjunctions like 'and', 'but', and 'therefore'. The specific pairing of '不但' and '而且' as a fixed phrase for 'not only... but also...' became established through common usage.

Sino-Tibetan

Cultural Context

This phrase is generally neutral and does not carry any specific cultural sensitivities. It is widely used across all demographics and contexts.

In English-speaking cultures, while 'not only... but also...' is common, there might be a greater tendency to use simpler conjunctions like 'and' or to separate points into distinct sentences if the emphasis isn't as strong. The Chinese structure often implies a slightly stronger connection and emphasis on the second part.

The phrase is ubiquitous in Chinese literature, from classical novels to modern essays, serving as a fundamental tool for descriptive and argumentative writing. In formal speeches and academic lectures, it's frequently employed to elaborate on complex ideas and present multifaceted arguments. It's a staple in Chinese language textbooks and learning materials, highlighting its importance for learners of all levels.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Describing a person's qualities

  • 不但聪明,而且努力
  • 不但善良,而且大方
  • 不但有才华,而且勤奋

Describing a place or thing

  • 不但漂亮,而且实用
  • 不但好吃,而且便宜
  • 不但方便,而且快捷

Discussing an event or situation

  • 不但重要,而且紧急
  • 不但有趣,而且有益
  • 不但成功,而且有影响力

Talking about abilities or skills

  • 不但能唱歌,而且能跳舞
  • 不但会开车,而且会修车
  • 不但懂数学,而且懂物理

Expressing opinions or evaluations

  • 不但令人满意,而且超出预期
  • 不但有创意,而且很成熟
  • 不但有价值,而且有意义

Conversation Starters

"Can you think of something that is not only beautiful but also useful?"

"What's something that is not only difficult but also rewarding?"

"Describe a person who is not only kind but also very intelligent."

"What is something that is not only delicious but also healthy?"

"Can you give an example of something that is not only convenient but also fast?"

Journal Prompts

Write about a recent experience that was not only challenging but also taught you valuable lessons.

Describe a place you've visited that was not only visually stunning but also had a special atmosphere.

Think about a skill you possess. How is it not only useful in one area but also applicable in others?

Write about a book or movie that was not only entertaining but also made you think deeply.

Reflect on a personal goal. What are the multiple benefits you expect to gain, not only in achieving it but also in the process?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

'不但...而且...' is a Chinese correlative conjunction that means 'not only... but also...'. It is used to connect two clauses or phrases, indicating that the second part adds further information or emphasis to the first. For example, '他不但聪明,而且努力' (Tā bù dàn cōngmíng, érqiě nǔlì) means 'He is not only smart, but also hardworking'.

Generally, '不但' functions as the first part of a pair. While '不但' can sometimes appear alone to introduce the first point, it's usually followed by '而且', '也', '还', or '并且' to complete the thought. Using '不但' alone without a subsequent additive conjunction can make the sentence incomplete or grammatically awkward.

Yes, the most common alternative is '不仅...而且...' (bù jǐn... ér qiě...), which is virtually interchangeable. Other variations include '不但...也...' (bù dàn... yě...), '不光...还...' (bù guāng... hái...), and '不但...并且...' (bù dàn... bìng qiě...), each with slight nuances in formality or emphasis.

The most common structure is: Subject + 不但 + Predicate 1 + 而且 + Predicate 2. Both predicates typically refer to the same subject, although it's possible to have different subjects in more complex sentences. The key is that both parts are logically connected and usually parallel in grammatical structure.

'不但' and '不仅' are largely interchangeable. '不但' might be slightly more common in everyday spoken Chinese, while '不仅' can sometimes feel a bit more formal or literary, but the distinction is subtle and often a matter of personal preference or regional usage. Both are widely understood and accepted.

Yes, '而且' can be used alone as a conjunction meaning 'and also' or 'furthermore' to connect two clauses or phrases. However, when used with '不但', it specifically forms the 'not only... but also...' structure.

The character '不' (bù) is a fourth-tone character. When it precedes another fourth-tone character like '但' (dàn), it typically remains 'bù' in standard Mandarin. However, in natural speech, it can sometimes sound like a neutral tone. It does not change to the third tone 'bú' in this specific combination.

'不但...而且...' expresses addition and emphasizes that both parts are true ('not only... but also...'). '虽然...但是...' expresses contrast or concession, indicating that the second part is true despite or contrary to the first part ('although... but...'). They represent opposite logical relationships.

Yes, '不但...而且...' is used in both spoken and written Chinese, including formal writing. Its alternative, '不仅...而且...', is also very common in formal contexts. The choice often depends on stylistic preference.

Yes, it can connect both clauses and phrases. For example, it can connect two adjectives ('不但漂亮,而且实用'), two verb phrases ('不但喜欢唱歌,而且喜欢跳舞'), or even two nouns if they are presented in a parallel structure that implies a predicate.

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