A sentence pattern is a structural template for constructing meaningful sentences.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Fixed sentence structure for specific meanings.
- Helps build sentences effectively.
- Common in language learning materials.
Overview
句型（jùxíng）是一个汉语学习中的重要概念，指的是一种相对固定的句子结构，用于表达特定的语法功能或意义。它就像是语言的“模型”或“模板”，学习者掌握了常见的句型，就能更快速、准确地组织语言，进行有效的沟通。句型通常包含一些固定的词语、短语或语法结构，它们组合在一起构成一个功能完整的句子。
句型在汉语学习中扮演着关键角色。初学者可以通过模仿和套用句型来快速掌握基本的表达方式。例如，“我喜欢 + 名词”是一个非常基础的句型，可以用来表达喜好。随着学习的深入，学习者会接触到更复杂的句型，如表示原因的“因为...所以...”句型，表示转折的“虽然...但是...”句型等。理解句型的结构和使用场景，是提高汉语表达能力的重要途径。
句型广泛应用于日常生活的各个方面。在学校里，老师会教授各种语法句型来帮助学生理解和运用汉语。在教材中，句型练习是必不可少的组成部分。日常对话、阅读材料、书面写作中都充满了各种各样的句型。例如，在问路时会用到“请问，...怎么走？”这样的句型；在购物时可能会用到“这个多少钱？”这样的句型。
与“句型”相似的概念包括“词组”和“短语”。但“句型”更侧重于整个句子的结构模式，通常包含主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，能够独立表达一个相对完整的意思。而“词组”或“短语”可能只是词语的组合，不一定能独立成句，例如“红色的”、“很快地”。“句型”是更宏观的语言单位，是构建句子的蓝图。
Examples
我喜欢吃苹果。
everydayI like to eat apples.
虽然外面下雨了，但是我们还是决定出去。
formalAlthough it's raining outside, we still decided to go out.
你吃饭了吗？
informalHave you eaten?
该研究旨在探讨语言习得中的句型影响。
academicThis study aims to explore the influence of sentence patterns on language acquisition.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
学习句型
Learn sentence patterns
句型练习
Sentence pattern exercises
句型转换
Sentence pattern transformation
Often Confused With
A phrase (短语) is a group of words that functions as a single unit within a sentence but does not have a subject-verb combination. Sentence patterns (句型) refer to the overall structure of a complete sentence.
A sentence (句子) is a complete grammatical unit that expresses a thought. A sentence pattern (句型) is a template or structure that can be used to form various sentences.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Sentence patterns are fundamental building blocks for constructing grammatically correct and meaningful sentences. Understanding common patterns helps learners progress from simple to complex expressions. It's important to learn patterns in context to grasp their nuances. Recognizing and using patterns improves fluency and accuracy.
Common Mistakes
Learners sometimes rigidly stick to one pattern, hindering natural expression. Another mistake is misapplying a pattern due to misunderstanding its specific meaning or grammatical constraints. Incorrect word order within a pattern is also a frequent error. Failing to recognize the appropriate context for a pattern can lead to awkward or incorrect usage.
Tips
Master Sentence Structures
Focus on understanding the core structure of common sentence patterns. Practice substituting different words within the pattern.
Avoid Over-reliance
While patterns are helpful, don't rely on them exclusively. Aim to develop flexibility and creativity in your sentence construction.
Word Origin
The term '句型' (jùxíng) literally translates to 'sentence type' or 'sentence model.' '句' (jù) means sentence, and '型' (xíng) means pattern, model, or type.
Cultural Context
In many East Asian language learning traditions, explicit teaching and memorization of sentence patterns are common pedagogical approaches. This method emphasizes structure and accuracy, aiming to build a solid foundation before encouraging more creative language use.
Memory Tip
Think of sentence patterns as the 'skeleton' of a sentence, providing the basic structure upon which you can add 'flesh' (words) to create a complete thought.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions句型是句子结构的一种固定模式，用来表达特定的意思。它像一个造句的框架，帮助我们组织语言。
学习句型能帮助我们更快、更准确地构建句子，提高语言表达能力，尤其是在初学阶段。
句型是完整的句子结构模式，能独立表达意思；短语则只是词语的组合，不一定能独立成句。
可以通过模仿例句、进行替换练习、并尝试在实际对话中运用句型来加深理解和记忆。
Test Yourself
我每天早上___一杯牛奶。
“喝”是与“牛奶”搭配的动词，表示饮用。
___天气很好，我们去公园吧。
“因为...所以...”或单独使用“因为”引导原因，符合语境。
学习，汉语，我，喜欢
这是“主语+谓语+宾语”的标准句型结构。
Score: /3
Summary
A sentence pattern is a structural template for constructing meaningful sentences.
- Fixed sentence structure for specific meanings.
- Helps build sentences effectively.
- Common in language learning materials.
Master Sentence Structures
Focus on understanding the core structure of common sentence patterns. Practice substituting different words within the pattern.
Avoid Over-reliance
While patterns are helpful, don't rely on them exclusively. Aim to develop flexibility and creativity in your sentence construction.
Context is Key
Understand that different sentence patterns are appropriate for different social situations and levels of formality.
Examples
4 of 4我喜欢吃苹果。
I like to eat apples.
虽然外面下雨了，但是我们还是决定出去。
Although it's raining outside, we still decided to go out.
你吃饭了吗？
Have you eaten?
该研究旨在探讨语言习得中的句型影响。
This study aims to explore the influence of sentence patterns on language acquisition.
Related Content
Related Vocabulary
More academic words
缺席
B1The state of being absent from a place or event where one is expected to be, such as a class, meeting, or ceremony.
抽象的
A2Abstract.
抽象地
B1In an abstract manner; conceptually.
艰深
B1Profound; abstruse; recondite.
学术性
A2Academic; scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学术化
B1Academic; characterized by formal study or research.
学术会议
A2Academic conference; a formal meeting for academic discussions.
学术交流
B1Exchange of ideas, information, and research among scholars.
学术期刊
B1A periodical publication containing scholarly articles.
教务处
A2Academic affairs office; department handling educational administration.
