严明 signifies a high degree of strictness and impartiality, ensuring rules are clear, fair, and rigorously enforced.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Describes rules, discipline, or systems as strict, fair, and clear-cut.
- Emphasizes impartiality and rigorous adherence without ambiguity.
- Often used in formal contexts like military, law, or organizational management.
Overview
概述 (Overview)
严明是一个形容词，用来形容纪律、法律、制度、作风等，强调其严格、公正、清晰、不容置疑的特点。它表示在执行规则或处理事务时，既有严格的要求，又有明确的界限和公正的态度，不偏不倚。例如，“纪律严明” 指的是纪律非常严格并且执行起来非常明确、不含糊，没有模糊地带，也没有徇私舞弊的空间。
用法模式 (Usage Patterns)
**作定语：** 最常见的用法，修饰名词，如“严明的纪律”、“严明的法律”、“严明的制度”、“严明的作风”。
- 例句：军队需要严明的纪律来维持秩序。
**作谓语：** 通常前面可以加“很”、“非常”等程度副词，构成形容词谓语。
- 例句：这部法律很严明，任何人都不能凌驾于其上。
**作补语：** 较少见，但可以说“要求得严明”，表示达到严明的高度。
- 例句：我们必须把规章制度制定得严明。
严明常与“纪律”、“法纪”、“制度”、“作风”、“规章”等词搭配使用，强调这些事物的规范性和执行的公正性。
常见语境 (Common Contexts)
**军事与组织管理：** 军队、企业、政府机构等对纪律和规章制度的要求。这是“严明”最典型的应用场景，强调组织的高度统一和高效执行力。
- 例句：一支纪律严明的军队是战无不胜的。
**法律与司法：** 形容法律条文的明确性、执行的公正性，以及法律体系的完善性。
- 例句：法律严明，不容侵犯，确保了社会的公平正义。
**工作作风：** 形容一个人或一个团队工作态度认真、原则性强、处理问题公正果断，没有私心杂念。
- 例句：他以作风严明著称，深受下属敬佩。
**文学或学术：** 形容文章结构清晰、论证严密、逻辑性强，或研究方法科学规范。
- 例句：这篇论文的论证逻辑非常严明，令人信服。
近义词比较 (Similar Words comparison)
- 1严明 (yánmíng) vs. 严格 (yángé):
- 严格 侧重于“严厉、不放松”，强调标准高、要求严，不容许有任何偏差。它可以用于人（严格的老师）、要求（严格的要求）、纪律（严格的纪律）。
- 严明 除了“严格”之外，更强调“公正、清晰、明确”，不含糊其辞，不徇私舞弊。它通常用于形容制度、纪律、法律、作风等，较少直接形容人。例如，你可以说“严格的老师”，但很少说“严明的老师”。“纪律严明”比“纪律严格”更进一步，包含了执行的公正性和透明性。
- 1严明 (yánmíng) vs. 严肃 (yánsù):
- 严肃 侧重于“庄重、认真、不苟言笑”，形容态度、气氛、表情等，带有情感色彩。可以用于人（严肃的人）、场合（严肃的会议）、表情（严肃的表情）。
- 严明 不涉及情绪或气氛，而是指规则或执行的性质，强调的是客观的规范性和公正性。
- 1严明 (yánmíng) vs. 严谨 (yánjǐn):
- 严谨 侧重于“周密、细致、没有疏漏”，强调认真细致、一丝不苟。常用于形容态度、思维、治学、风格等。例如，“治学严谨”、“严谨的逻辑”。
- 严明 则更侧重于公正、明确和不可动摇的原则性。虽然两者都有“严格”的含义，但侧重点不同。严谨强调的是过程和细节的无懈可击，严明强调的是规则的权威性和执行的公平性。
Examples
我们必须建立一套严明的规章制度，以确保工作的顺利进行。
everydayWe must establish a set of strict and clear regulations to ensure the smooth progress of work.
执法机关要做到执法严明，才能树立公信力。
formalLaw enforcement agencies must enforce laws strictly and impartially to establish public trust.
别看他平时嘻嘻哈哈，但处理起原则问题来，作风可是很严明的。
informalDon't be fooled by his usual jovial demeanor; when it comes to matters of principle, his work style is very strict and impartial.
一部严明的法律体系是维护社会公平正义的基石。
academicA strict and clear legal system is the cornerstone for upholding social fairness and justice.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
纪律严明
strict and clear discipline
执法严明
strict and impartial law enforcement
赏罚严明
clear and fair rewards and punishments
Often Confused With
'严格' emphasizes high standards and not being lenient, applicable to people, requirements, or rules. '严明' adds the dimension of impartiality and clarity, often for systems, laws, or discipline, implying no ambiguity or favoritism in enforcement.
'严肃' describes seriousness, solemnity, or a grave attitude, often related to demeanor, atmosphere, or expression. '严明' refers to the nature of rules or their enforcement, focusing on strictness and fairness, not emotional state.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
严明 is a relatively formal adjective, typically used in written language or serious discussions. It's best suited for describing organizational principles, legal frameworks, or professional conduct. Avoid using it in casual conversations or when describing personal feelings or minor issues.
Common Mistakes
A common mistake is to use '严明' interchangeably with '严格' or '严肃' without considering the nuance of impartiality and clarity. Remember '严明' specifically implies fairness and unambiguousness in rules or their execution, not just general strictness or seriousness. Also, do not use it to describe a person directly, but rather their '作风' (work style) or the systems they adhere to.
Tips
Focus on Rules and Systems
Remember that '严明' is primarily used to describe rules, systems, or discipline, emphasizing their strictness and impartiality, rather than people's character directly.
Not for Personal Traits
Avoid using '严明' to describe a person's personality or appearance. While a person's '作风' (work style) can be '严明', the person themselves is usually described as '严格' or '严肃'.
Value of Order and Justice
The frequent use of '严明' in Chinese reflects a cultural emphasis on order, discipline, and fairness within organizations and society, especially in formal settings like the military or government.
Word Origin
The word '严明' is composed of two characters: '严' (yán), meaning 'strict, severe, tight', and '明' (míng), meaning 'bright, clear, distinct, just, fair'. Together, they convey the meaning of strictness combined with clarity and impartiality, emphasizing rules or principles that are both rigorous and unambiguous.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, particularly in official and organizational contexts, '严明' embodies an ideal of governance and management. It reflects a societal value placed on order, discipline, and justice, where rules are not only stringent but also transparently and fairly applied to maintain social harmony and efficiency.
Memory Tip
Think of '严明' as '严' (strict) + '明' (clear/bright/impartial). It's not just strict, but also clear-cut and fair, leaving no room for doubt or bias. Imagine a judge with a '严明' ruling – strict but also perfectly clear and just.
Frequently Asked Questions
3 questions“严明”主要用来形容纪律、法律、制度、规章、作风等抽象概念。它不直接形容人，但可以形容人的“作风”是严明的，表示其处理事务公正且有原则。
“严格”侧重于要求高、不放松，可以形容人或事。“严明”除了“严格”外，更强调“公正、清晰、不含糊”，通常用于制度或纪律，表示其执行的公平性和透明性。
“严明”常用于军事、法律、政府机构、企业管理等正式语境，尤其是在强调组织纪律、法律法规的权威性、公正性和执行力时。
Test Yourself
军队的纪律非常___，所有士兵都必须严格遵守。
此处强调纪律的严格性、公正性和明确性，'严明'最符合语境。'严格'也可以，但'严明'更强调无私和清晰。
以下哪个句子中“严明”的用法是正确的？
“严明”常用于形容制度、纪律等，强调其严格性和公正性。A、B、D选项中的用法不符合“严明”的语义和搭配习惯。
请用“严明”造一个句子，描述法律的特征。
选项B准确地描述了法律条款的清晰、公正和不容侵犯的特点，符合“严明”的用法。A、C、D的表述不够自然或准确。
Score: /3
Summary
严明 signifies a high degree of strictness and impartiality, ensuring rules are clear, fair, and rigorously enforced.
- Describes rules, discipline, or systems as strict, fair, and clear-cut.
- Emphasizes impartiality and rigorous adherence without ambiguity.
- Often used in formal contexts like military, law, or organizational management.
Focus on Rules and Systems
Remember that '严明' is primarily used to describe rules, systems, or discipline, emphasizing their strictness and impartiality, rather than people's character directly.
Not for Personal Traits
Avoid using '严明' to describe a person's personality or appearance. While a person's '作风' (work style) can be '严明', the person themselves is usually described as '严格' or '严肃'.
Value of Order and Justice
The frequent use of '严明' in Chinese reflects a cultural emphasis on order, discipline, and fairness within organizations and society, especially in formal settings like the military or government.
Examples
4 of 4我们必须建立一套严明的规章制度，以确保工作的顺利进行。
We must establish a set of strict and clear regulations to ensure the smooth progress of work.
执法机关要做到执法严明，才能树立公信力。
Law enforcement agencies must enforce laws strictly and impartially to establish public trust.
别看他平时嘻嘻哈哈，但处理起原则问题来，作风可是很严明的。
Don't be fooled by his usual jovial demeanor; when it comes to matters of principle, his work style is very strict and impartial.
一部严明的法律体系是维护社会公平正义的基石。
A strict and clear legal system is the cornerstone for upholding social fairness and justice.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
More general words
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
大约
B1Used to show that a number or amount is not exact; approximately.
上边
A2above, on top
上面
A1on, above, over
