zítra
On the day after today
zítra em 30 segundos
- Means 'tomorrow'.
- Used with future tense.
- Always stressed on the first syllable.
- Pairs with times of day without 'v' (except noon/night).
The Czech word zítra is a fundamental building block of the Czech language, serving as the primary adverb to denote the day immediately following today. For English speakers, it translates directly to 'tomorrow.' While its basic meaning is straightforward, its application within the Slavic grammatical framework involves specific interactions with verb aspects and sentence structure that are crucial for achieving fluency. In the Czech mindset, zítra is not just a point in time; it is the gateway to the future tense, acting as a temporal anchor that dictates how verbs are conjugated and how plans are articulated.
- Temporal Function
- As an adverb of time, zítra does not change its form. Unlike nouns or adjectives, it is indeclinable, meaning it remains the same regardless of the gender, number, or case of the surrounding words. This makes it one of the easiest words for beginners to master early on.
- Etymological Connection
- The word is deeply rooted in the concept of light and morning. It shares a common Slavic root with the word jitro (morning/dawn), which is now somewhat archaic but survives in words like snídaně (breakfast, originally 'at-dawn-eat'). Understanding that 'tomorrow' is linguistically tied to 'the next dawn' helps learners visualize the passage of time in the Czech worldview.
Uvidíme se zítra v osm hodin ráno.
In daily conversation, zítra is used pervasively. Whether you are making a doctor's appointment, planning a coffee date with a friend, or discussing the weather forecast, this word is unavoidable. It often appears at the beginning of a sentence to set the temporal context or at the very end for emphasis. Interestingly, in informal Czech, zítra can sometimes be used to imply a general 'soon' or 'later,' though its primary meaning remains strictly 'the next day.'
Furthermore, the word zítra interacts uniquely with the Czech aspectual system. When used with perfective verbs (verbs describing completed actions), it indicates a definitive completion of a task in the future. When used with imperfective verbs (using the 'budu' auxiliary), it focuses on the process or duration of the activity occurring the next day. This distinction is vital for learners who wish to move beyond simple translations and start thinking in Czech.
Using zítra correctly involves more than just placing it in a sentence; it requires an understanding of Czech word order (V2 or flexible) and the future tense. While English uses 'will' or 'going to,' Czech utilizes different strategies depending on the verb's aspect. Zítra acts as the trigger for these constructions.
- With Perfective Verbs
- For actions that will be completed, you simply use the present tense form of a perfective verb. For example, Zítra ti to napíšu (I will write it to you tomorrow). Here, 'napíšu' is perfective, so the present form naturally refers to the future when paired with zítra.
- With Imperfective Verbs
- For ongoing actions, use the future form of 'to be' (budu, budeš...) plus the infinitive. For example, Zítra budu pracovat (I will be working tomorrow). This emphasizes the state of being busy throughout the day.
Zítra má být hezké počasí, tak půjdeme na výlet.
Word order in Czech is relatively free, but zítra often occupies the 'theme' position (the known information or setting). Placing it at the start of the sentence establishes the timeframe immediately. However, if the focus of your sentence is the time itself, you might place it at the end: Přijedu až zítra (I won't arrive until tomorrow).
When combining zítra with specific times of day, you use the following patterns: zítra ráno (tomorrow morning), zítra dopoledne (tomorrow late morning), zítra v poledne (tomorrow at noon), zítra odpoledne (tomorrow afternoon), zítra večer (tomorrow evening), and zítra v noci (tomorrow night). Notice that no prepositions are used between 'zítra' and the time of day, except for 'v' (at) with 'poledne' and 'noci'.
If you spend even a single day in Prague, Brno, or any Czech village, you will hear zítra dozens of times. It is a cornerstone of transactional and social Czech. From the polite 'Na shledanou zítra' (See you tomorrow) at the bakery to the frantic 'Musím to odevzdat zítra!' (I have to submit it tomorrow!) in an office, its reach is universal.
- In Public Transport
- You will see signs or hear announcements regarding schedule changes: Od zítřka dochází k výluce tramvají (From tomorrow, there will be a tram service interruption). Note the change to 'zítřka' when used with the preposition 'od' (from), which turns the adverb into a temporal noun form.
- In Media and News
- Weather forecasts are the most common place to hear this word. Zítra bude polojasno s teplotami kolem dvaceti stupňů (Tomorrow will be partly cloudy with temperatures around twenty degrees). News anchors also use it to tease upcoming segments: Více se dozvíte v zítřejším vysílání (You will learn more in tomorrow's broadcast - using the adjective form).
„Co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítra.“
In pop culture, zítra appears in countless song titles and movie names. It carries a sense of hope, anxiety, or inevitability. In the workplace, 'zítra' is the deadline. In the pub, 'zítra' is the promise of a hangover or the plan for the next meeting. Because Czechs often plan their weeks in advance, you'll hear 'zítra' used to confirm or reschedule events constantly.
Socially, the phrase Tak zítra! (So, tomorrow!) is the standard way to end a conversation with someone you are certain to see the next day. It is more informal than 'Na shledanou' and more specific than 'Ahoj'. It cements the social bond by confirming the next point of contact.
Even though zítra is an A1 level word, several pitfalls catch English speakers off guard. These usually stem from direct translation from English or confusion with similar-sounding Czech words.
- Confusing 'Zítra' and 'Ráno'
- In some Germanic languages (like German 'morgen'), the word for 'tomorrow' and 'morning' is the same. In Czech, they are strictly different. Zítra is tomorrow; ráno is morning. Beginners often say 'ráno' when they mean 'tomorrow'. Remember: Zítra ráno is 'tomorrow morning'.
- Incorrect Preposition Usage
- English says 'on tomorrow' (rarely) or 'for tomorrow.' Czechs do not use a preposition for the basic 'tomorrow.' You should not say 'v zítra' or 'na zítra' unless you specifically mean 'for the purpose of tomorrow' (e.g., úkol na zítra - homework for tomorrow).
Incorrect: Budu tě vidět v zítra.
Correct: Uvidíme se zítra.
Another common error is the misuse of the adjective form. If you want to say 'tomorrow's meeting,' you cannot use the adverb zítra. You must use the adjective zítřejší. Saying 'zítra schůzka' is grammatically broken; it should be 'zítřejší schůzka'.
Finally, watch out for verb aspect. Using zítra with a present tense imperfective verb (e.g., zítra dělám) is actually common in colloquial Czech to express a fixed plan, much like the English 'I am doing it tomorrow.' However, learners often struggle to distinguish when this is appropriate versus using the full future tense (budu dělat). Stick to the formal future tense until you are comfortable with colloquial flow.
To truly master the concept of 'tomorrow' in Czech, you should be aware of its linguistic relatives and synonyms that provide more specific temporal context.
- Pozítří
- This means 'the day after tomorrow.' It is a single, very efficient word. If zítra is Tuesday, pozítří is Wednesday. It is used just as frequently as 'zítra'.
- Následující den
- Meaning 'the following day,' this is more formal and often used in narrative storytelling or formal reports. While zítra is relative to 'now,' následující den is relative to whatever day is being discussed in a story.
- Příště
- Often confused by beginners, this means 'next time,' not necessarily 'tomorrow.' If you say uvidíme se příště, you mean 'see you next time,' which could be tomorrow or next year.
Ne zítra, ale až pozítří.
In terms of register, zítra is neutral. However, in very poetic or archaic contexts, you might encounter v jitře or similar derivations, though these are never used in modern speech. On the opposite end, slang might involve phrases like zítra touhle dobou (tomorrow at this time) to be more evocative.
When discussing the future in a broader sense, you might use v budoucnu (in the future). While zítra is specific, v budoucnu is indefinite. If you want to sound more professional in a business context, you might use v nejbližším možném termínu (at the earliest possible date), which often implies tomorrow but sounds more formal.
How Formal Is It?
"Zítra bude zahájena konference."
"Zítra půjdeme do kina."
"Tak zítra, čau!"
"Zítra přijde Ježíšek!"
"Zítra to roztočíme."
Curiosidade
The root 'jitro' is related to the English word 'easter' (Oestre), both referring to the rising sun and the east.
Guia de pronúncia
- Stressing the second syllable (zi-TRA).
- Making the 'í' too short.
- Pronouncing the 't' too softly.
Nível de dificuldade
Very easy to recognize once learned.
Remember the 'í' and the 'a' at the end.
Initial stress is key for a natural sound.
Distinctive sound, easy to pick out in speech.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Future tense of imperfective verbs
budu + infinitive (budu zítra pracovat)
Future meaning of perfective verbs
present form (zítra to udělám)
Genitive after 'od'
od zítřka (not od zítra)
Adjective formation
zítřejší (tomorrow's)
Word order
Zítra often starts the sentence to set the scene.
Exemplos por nível
Zítra půjdu do školy.
Tomorrow I will go to school.
Uses 'půjdu', the future form of 'jít' (to go).
Uvidíme se zítra.
See you tomorrow.
A common fixed expression for parting.
Zítra bude hezky.
It will be nice tomorrow.
'Bude' is the future 3rd person singular of 'to be'.
Mám čas zítra odpoledne.
I have time tomorrow afternoon.
'Odpoledne' follows 'zítra' without a preposition.
Zítra je sobota.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
The present tense 'je' is used for factual future dates.
Přijedeš zítra?
Will you arrive tomorrow?
Simple question in the future tense.
Zítra nepracuju.
I am not working tomorrow.
Colloquial use of present tense for a fixed plan.
Koupím to zítra.
I will buy it tomorrow.
'Koupím' is a perfective verb in the future.
Zítra ráno musím vstávat brzy.
Tomorrow morning I have to get up early.
'Zítra ráno' specifies the time of day.
Zítra ti zavolám.
I will call you tomorrow.
Perfective verb 'zavolám' indicates a completed action.
Budeš zítra doma?
Will you be home tomorrow?
Future tense of 'být'.
Zítra začíná nová výstava.
A new exhibition starts tomorrow.
Present tense used for scheduled events.
Od zítřka začnu dietu.
From tomorrow I will start a diet.
'Od zítřka' uses the genitive noun form.
Zítra máme důležitou schůzku.
We have an important meeting tomorrow.
Possessive 'máme' with a temporal adverb.
Doufám, že zítra nebude pršet.
I hope it won't rain tomorrow.
Negative future 'nebude'.
Zítra se musíme rozhodnout.
We must decide tomorrow.
Modal verb 'musíme' with 'zítra'.
Zítřejší zápas byl zrušen.
Tomorrow's match was cancelled.
Uses the adjective 'zítřejší'.
Pokud zítra nepřijdeš, nic se neděje.
If you don't come tomorrow, nothing happens.
Conditional 'pokud' with 'zítra'.
Zítra touto dobou už budu v letadle.
Tomorrow at this time I will already be on a plane.
'Touto dobou' specifies a relative point in time.
Zítra se dozvíme výsledky testu.
Tomorrow we will find out the test results.
Reflexive perfective verb 'dozvíme se'.
Můžeme to nechat na zítra?
Can we leave it for tomorrow?
'Na zítra' means 'for tomorrow'.
Zítra se koná oslava jeho narozenin.
His birthday celebration is taking place tomorrow.
Formal 'se koná' (takes place).
Zítra by mělo být jasno až polojasno.
Tomorrow it should be clear to partly cloudy.
Conditional 'by mělo' for probability.
Zítra se vracím z dovolené.
I am returning from vacation tomorrow.
Present tense for a planned arrival.
Musíme zítra probrat tu novou strategii.
We need to discuss that new strategy tomorrow.
'Probrat' is a perfective verb meaning to discuss thoroughly.
Zítra uplyne přesně rok od té události.
Tomorrow exactly one year will have passed since that event.
'Uplyne' is a perfective future verb.
Zítřejší vydání novin přinese více informací.
Tomorrow's newspaper edition will bring more information.
Adjective 'zítřejší' in the subject position.
Věřím, že zítra dosáhneme dohody.
I believe we will reach an agreement tomorrow.
'Dosáhneme' takes the genitive case.
Zítra se ukáže, jestli to byla správná volba.
Tomorrow it will be shown if it was the right choice.
'Ukáže se' (it will show/become apparent).
Zítra budeme muset čelit následkům.
Tomorrow we will have to face the consequences.
Future modal 'budeme muset'.
Zítra touhle dobou už bude po všem.
Tomorrow at this time it will all be over.
'Bude po všem' is an idiomatic expression.
Zítra se otevírá nová pobočka naší banky.
A new branch of our bank opens tomorrow.
Reflexive passive 'se otevírá'.
Zítra se v plné nahotě projeví naše chyby.
Tomorrow our mistakes will manifest in full nakedness.
Metaphorical use of 'v plné nahotě'.
Zítřek je pro nás velkou neznámou.
Tomorrow is a great unknown for us.
'Zítřek' used as a conceptual noun.
Zítra se rozhodne o dalším osudu projektu.
Tomorrow the further fate of the project will be decided.
'Rozhodne se o' (it will be decided about).
Zítřejší generace nám to možná neodpustí.
Tomorrow's generations might not forgive us for this.
'Zítřejší' referring to the future generation.
Zítra se pokusíme o nemožné.
Tomorrow we will attempt the impossible.
'Pokusíme se o' (we will try for).
Zítra vyjde najevo pravda o jeho minulosti.
Tomorrow the truth about his past will come to light.
Idiom 'vyjít najevo' (to come to light).
Zítra by mohl být ten den, kdy se vše změní.
Tomorrow could be the day when everything changes.
Hypothetical 'by mohl být'.
Zítra se budeme muset vyrovnat s novou realitou.
Tomorrow we will have to come to terms with a new reality.
'Vyrovnat se s' (to cope/come to terms with).
Zítra se v literárním diskurzu stane symbolem naděje.
Tomorrow will become a symbol of hope in literary discourse.
High-register vocabulary 'diskurzu'.
Zítřek, jakožto entita, nás neustále fascinuje.
Tomorrow, as an entity, constantly fascinates us.
Use of 'jakožto' (as/in the capacity of).
Zítra se v plénu bude diskutovat o zítřku národa.
Tomorrow the future of the nation will be discussed in the plenary.
Wordplay between the adverb and noun form.
Zítra se snad konečně dobereme k jádru pudla.
Tomorrow, perhaps, we will finally get to the heart of the matter.
Idiom 'jádro pudla' (the core of the problem).
Zítra se v celospolečenském měřítku ukáže naše síla.
Tomorrow our strength will be shown on a society-wide scale.
Compound adjective 'celospolečenském'.
Zítra budeme reflektovat dřívější rozhodnutí.
Tomorrow we will reflect on previous decisions.
Academic verb 'reflektovat'.
Zítra se vymaníme z pout minulosti.
Tomorrow we will break free from the shackles of the past.
Literary verb 'vymanit se'.
Zítra se snad horizont událostí konečně vyjasní.
Tomorrow, perhaps, the event horizon will finally clear up.
Scientific metaphor 'horizont událostí'.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
Uvidíme se zítra.
Tak zítra!
Na shledanou zítra.
Od zítřka.
Do zítřka.
Zítra je taky den.
Zítra touhle dobou.
Necháme to na zítra.
Zítra se uvidí.
Platí to na zítra?
Frequentemente confundido com
Means 'morning', not 'tomorrow'. English speakers often confuse them because of German 'morgen'.
Means 'next time', which is indefinite. Zítra is specific to the next day.
Means 'yesterday'. Beginners sometimes swap them in fast speech.
Expressões idiomáticas
"Co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítra."
Don't procrastinate; do things immediately.
Měl bys ten úkol napsat teď. Co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítra.
proverb"Zítra je taky den."
Don't stress, there is always more time later.
Dneska už to nestihnu, ale zítra je taky den.
informal"Slibovat hory doly na zítra."
To promise the world for tomorrow (and likely not deliver).
Politici slibují hory doly na zítra, ale skutek utek.
informal"Žít pro dnešek, ne pro zítřek."
To live in the moment.
Snažím se žít pro dnešek, ne pro zítřek.
philosophical"Kdo ví, co bude zítra."
No one knows what the future holds.
Užívej si života, kdo ví, co bude zítra.
neutral"Zítra už bude pozdě."
It must be done now; urgency.
Musíme jednat, zítra už bude pozdě.
dramatic"Včera bylo pozdě."
It should have been done already (often used when someone asks if it can wait until tomorrow).
Kdy to chceš mít? Včera bylo pozdě!
humorous/office slang"Zítřek patří odvážným."
The future belongs to the brave.
Neboj se riskovat, zítřek patří odvážným.
literary"Lepší dnes vejce než zítra slepice."
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Vzal jsem tu menší částku, protože lepší dnes vejce než zítra slepice.
proverb"Uvidíme, co zítřek přinese."
Wait and see what happens.
Teď nemůžeme nic dělat, uvidíme, co zítřek přinese.
neutralFácil de confundir
Primary adverb.
Refers specifically to the day after today.
Zítra přijdu.
Noun form.
Used as a subject or after prepositions like 'od' or 'do'.
Zítřek je nejistý.
Adjective form.
Must be followed by a noun.
Zítřejší schůzka je v devět.
Next-step adverb.
Refers to two days from now.
Ne zítra, ale pozítří.
Time of day.
Refers to the morning hours, not the day.
Dnes ráno jsem zaspal.
Padrões de frases
Zítra + [verb in future]
Zítra půjdu domů.
Zítra + [time of day]
Zítra večer se uvidíme.
Od zítřka + [verb]
Od zítřka nekouřím.
Zítra + má být + [weather]
Zítra má být teplo.
Zítřejší + [noun]
Zítřejší oběd bude skvělý.
Zítra + touto dobou
Zítra touto dobou budu spát.
Na zítra + [noun]
Mám úkol na zítra.
Zítřek + [verb]
Zítřek nám ukáže pravdu.
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Como usar
Extremely frequent in all domains.
-
v zítra
→
zítra
Czech does not use a preposition for 'on tomorrow'.
-
zítra schůzka
→
zítřejší schůzka
You must use the adjective form to modify a noun.
-
ráno (meaning tomorrow)
→
zítra
'Ráno' only means morning, never tomorrow.
-
od zítra
→
od zítřka
Prepositions like 'od' require the genitive case of the noun form.
- zítr
Dicas
No Prepositions
Do not use 'v' or 'na' before 'zítra' unless you mean 'for tomorrow' (e.g., 'plán na zítra').
The Long Í
Make sure the 'í' is long and clear. It sounds like the 'ee' in 'see'.
Learn the Pair
Always learn 'zítra' together with 'včera' (yesterday) and 'dnes' (today).
Punctuality
When a Czech person says 'zítra', they usually mean it literally. Be ready!
Times of Day
Combine 'zítra' with 'ráno', 'odpoledne', and 'večer' without any extra words.
The Noun Form
Learn 'od zítřka' (from tomorrow) as a fixed phrase to avoid grammar mistakes.
Adjective vs Adverb
Use 'zítřejší' for 'tomorrow's [noun]' and 'zítra' for the action.
Weather Reports
Listen to weather reports on Czech radio; they are the best place to hear 'zítra' used correctly.
Zebra Tomorrow
Remember the Zebra who only comes tomorrow (Zí-tra).
Not Morgen
Forget the German word 'morgen' which means both morning and tomorrow. Czech is more precise!
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a 'Zebra' (sounds like zí-tra) waiting for you 'tomorrow'.
Associação visual
A sunrise over a calendar page flipping to the next day.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to say three things you will do tomorrow using 'Zítra budu...' and 'Zítra [perfective verb]'.
Origem da palavra
From Old Czech 'zitra', which evolved from Proto-Slavic '*za jitra'.
Significado original: Literally 'after the morning' or 'at the next dawn'.
Slavic (Indo-European).Contexto cultural
No specific sensitivities, but avoid promising 'zítra' if you don't mean it, as it can be seen as unreliable.
English speakers often use 'tomorrow' loosely; Czechs are more literal. If you say 'zítra' in a business context, expect a follow-up call.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Making appointments
- Máte zítra čas?
- Můžu přijít zítra?
- Zítra se mi to nehodí.
Weather
- Jak bude zítra?
- Zítra má sněžit.
- Zítra bude slunečno.
Work/School
- Zítra je deadline.
- Zítra máme test.
- Zítra nepracuju.
Socializing
- Uvidíme se zítra!
- Co děláš zítra?
- Zítra jdeme na pivo.
Travel
- Zítra odjíždíme.
- Vlak jede zítra v osm.
- Zítra se vracím.
Iniciadores de conversa
"Co plánuješ dělat zítra?"
"Máš zítra čas na kávu?"
"Víš, jaké má být zítra počasí?"
"Můžeme tu schůzku přesunout na zítra?"
"Těšíš se na zítřek?"
Temas para diário
Napiš pět věcí, které musíš zítra udělat.
Jak vypadá tvůj ideální zítřek?
Co se stane zítra, na co se netěšíš?
Představ si, že zítra je tvůj poslední den na zemi. Co uděláš?
Napiš krátký dialog mezi dvěma lidmi, kteří se domlouvají na zítra.
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasNo, 'zítra' is an adverb and adverbs in Czech are indeclinable. However, if you use the noun form 'zítřek', that does change cases (e.g., 'od zítřka').
No, you should never say 'v zítra'. Just say 'zítra'. If you mean 'for tomorrow', use 'na zítra'.
Simply say 'zítra ráno'. No preposition is needed between the two words.
It is completely neutral and can be used in any situation, from a casual chat to a formal business meeting.
'Zítra' is specifically the next day. 'Příště' means 'next time', which could be any time in the future.
For imperfective verbs, use 'budu' + infinitive (Zítra budu spát). For perfective verbs, use the present form (Zítra to udělám).
In very informal contexts, someone might say 'zítra' to mean 'not today' or 'later', but it usually literally means the next day.
'Od' requires the genitive case, and 'zítra' is an adverb. To use the genitive, you must switch to the noun form 'zítřek', which becomes 'zítřka'.
Yes, in Czech, the stress is almost always on the first syllable of the word: ZÍ-tra.
The direct opposite is 'včera' (yesterday).
Summary
Zítra is the essential Czech adverb for 'tomorrow'. Remember it is indeclinable, but when saying 'from tomorrow', use 'od zítřka'. Example: Zítra půjdeme ven (Tomorrow we will go out).
- Means 'tomorrow'.
- Used with future tense.
- Always stressed on the first syllable.
- Pairs with times of day without 'v' (except noon/night).
No Prepositions
Do not use 'v' or 'na' before 'zítra' unless you mean 'for tomorrow' (e.g., 'plán na zítra').
The Long Í
Make sure the 'í' is long and clear. It sounds like the 'ee' in 'see'.
Learn the Pair
Always learn 'zítra' together with 'včera' (yesterday) and 'dnes' (today).
Punctuality
When a Czech person says 'zítra', they usually mean it literally. Be ready!
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