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A2 verb #1,200 mais comum 16 min de leitura

बचना

bachna Top 1,200

At the A1 beginner level, your primary goal is to understand basic survival vocabulary and everyday household terms. The verb 'बचना' (bachnā) is introduced here mainly in the context of food and simple physical safety. Imagine you are at a dinner table in a Hindi-speaking home. After everyone has eaten, there might be some food left in the bowls. The host might say, 'खाना बच गया' (khānā bach gayā), which means 'food is left over.' This is the most practical, daily use of the word for a beginner. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember that 'बचना' means something is remaining. Another simple use is for basic safety. If a child almost falls but catches themselves, a parent might say, 'अरे, बच गया!' (are, bach gayā!) - 'Oh, he is safe!' or 'He escaped (the fall)!' At this stage, focus on recognizing the word when you hear it in these common situations. Practice saying 'थोड़ा बच गया' (thoṛā bach gayā) to mean 'a little is left.' Do not confuse it with 'बचाना' (to save someone else). Keep it simple: 'बचना' means 'to be safe' or 'to be left over.' It is an intransitive verb, meaning you don't use it with an object. You just state the fact that something or someone is safe or remaining. By mastering these basic phrases, you will be able to navigate simple conversations about meals and immediate physical safety, laying a strong foundation for more complex uses of the word as you progress in your Hindi learning journey.

As you move to the A2 level, your ability to describe situations and express desires expands. Here, 'बचना' becomes a crucial tool for talking about avoiding things. You will start using the postposition 'से' (se - from) extensively with 'बचना'. For example, if you want to say 'I want to avoid the rain,' you will say 'मैं बारिश से बचना चाहता हूँ' (maiñ bāriś se bachnā chāhtā hūñ). This structure—[Noun] + से + बचना—is essential for everyday communication. You can use it to talk about avoiding traffic ('ट्रैफिक से बचना'), avoiding cold ('ठंड से बचना'), or avoiding bad food ('खराब खाने से बचना'). Furthermore, you will learn to use it in the past tense to describe successful escapes. 'वह कुत्ते से बच गया' (vah kutte se bach gayā) - 'He escaped from the dog.' Notice the use of the compound verb 'बच गया' to show the action is complete. You will also start giving simple advice using the imperative form: 'धूप से बचो' (dhūp se bacho) - 'Avoid the sun.' At this level, 'बचना' transitions from a simple word for leftovers to a dynamic verb used for navigating daily inconveniences and minor dangers. Practice constructing sentences where you express what you want to avoid, as this will significantly improve your conversational fluency and ability to express personal preferences and boundaries in Hindi.

At the B1 intermediate level, your use of 'बचना' becomes more abstract and nuanced. You are no longer just avoiding physical things like rain or dogs; you are avoiding situations, responsibilities, and abstract concepts. You might say, 'वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी से बचना चाहता है' (vah apnī zimmedārī se bachnā chāhtā hai) - 'He wants to avoid his responsibility.' This shows a deeper understanding of human behavior and social dynamics. You will also start using 'बचना' in professional or formal contexts, such as 'हमें नुकसान से बचना चाहिए' (hameñ nuksān se bachnā cāhie) - 'We should avoid losses.' The grammar becomes more complex as you integrate 'बचना' with other verb forms. For instance, you will use the conjunctive participle 'बचकर' (bachkar) to describe how an action is performed: 'वह सबसे बचकर निकल गया' (vah sabse bachkar nikal gayā) - 'He slipped away, avoiding everyone.' This level also introduces idiomatic expressions like 'बाल-बाल बचना' (bāl-bāl bachnā) - 'to have a narrow escape.' You will be expected to understand the difference between 'बचना' and similar verbs like 'छूटना' (to be left behind) or 'टलना' (to be averted). Your vocabulary is expanding, and 'बचना' serves as a key component in expressing complex thoughts about risk management, social evasion, and successful navigation of difficult circumstances. Practice using it in paragraphs and stories rather than just isolated sentences.

Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level means you can handle complex, abstract, and hypothetical situations in Hindi. Your use of 'बचना' will reflect this sophistication. You will use it in passive-like constructions to discuss societal or global issues. For example, 'इस बीमारी से बचना बहुत मुश्किल है' (is bīmārī se bachnā bahut muśkil hai) - 'It is very difficult to escape this disease.' You will engage in debates and discussions where 'बचना' is used to argue points about policy or ethics: 'क्या हम आर्थिक संकट से बच सकते हैं?' (kyā ham ārthik saṅkaṭ se bach sakte haiñ?) - 'Can we escape the economic crisis?' At this stage, you will effortlessly switch between the literal and metaphorical meanings of the word. You will understand complex compound verbs like 'बच निकलना' (bach nikalnā - to manage to escape) and use them to add dramatic flair to your storytelling. You will also be comfortable with the causative forms, easily distinguishing between 'बचना' (intransitive), 'बचाना' (transitive), and even 'बचवाना' (causative - to have someone saved). Your comprehension of native media—news, movies, literature—will be high, and you will recognize how native speakers use 'बचना' to convey subtle tones of relief, warning, or inevitability. You should practice writing essays or giving presentations where you discuss strategies for avoiding abstract problems, utilizing 'बचना' in varied grammatical structures to demonstrate your fluency.

At the C1 advanced level, your command of Hindi is near-native, and your use of 'बचना' is characterized by precision, elegance, and a deep understanding of cultural context. You will use the word in highly formal, literary, or journalistic contexts. In a political analysis, you might write, 'विपक्ष के हमलों से बचना सरकार के लिए एक चुनौती बन गया है' (vipakṣ ke hamloñ se bachnā sarkār ke lie ek cunautī ban gayā hai) - 'Escaping the opposition's attacks has become a challenge for the government.' You will appreciate the poetic nuances of the word in literature, where escaping might refer to the human condition or existential dread. You will use advanced grammatical structures, such as conditional sentences with perfective participles: 'यदि वह समय पर पहुँचता, तो वह इस अपमान से बच सकता था' (yadi vah samay par pahuñctā, to vah is apmān se bach saktā thā) - 'If he had arrived on time, he could have avoided this insult.' You will seamlessly integrate 'बचना' with a wide array of abstract nouns—scandal, scrutiny, fate, destiny. Your vocabulary is rich enough that you can choose exactly the right synonym—whether it be 'बचना', 'टलना', 'मुक्त होना', or 'सुरक्षित रहना'—depending on the exact shade of meaning required by the context. You are no longer just communicating; you are crafting language with intent and stylistic awareness.

At the C2 mastery level, 'बचना' is fully integrated into your linguistic repertoire, used with the effortless intuition of a highly educated native speaker. You engage with the word on a philosophical and deeply cultural level. You might discuss ancient texts or philosophical concepts where 'बचना' refers to escaping the cycle of rebirth (संसार से बचना). In high-level academic or literary discourse, you manipulate the word to create irony, metaphor, or profound commentary on the human experience. You understand regional variations and historical shifts in how the word has been used. You can deconstruct complex sentences in classical literature where the verb might be implied rather than explicitly stated, or where its meaning hinges on an archaic postposition. You use 'बचना' not just to convey information, but to shape the emotional and intellectual landscape of your discourse. Whether writing a critical essay on contemporary Indian politics or composing poetry, your use of 'बचना' demonstrates a complete mastery of Hindi syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. You are capable of playing with the language, inventing new metaphors based on the core concept of 'escaping' or 'remaining,' and your speech reflects a profound, internalized understanding of the Hindi worldview.

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बचना em 30 segundos

Means 'to escape' or 'to be saved'.
Used with 'से' (from) for avoiding danger.
Means 'to be left over' for food/money.
Intransitive verb (no direct object).

The Hindi verb 'बचना' (bachnā) is a fundamental and highly versatile word that English speakers learning Hindi must master early on. At its core, 'बचना' translates to 'to be saved,' 'to escape,' 'to avoid,' or 'to be left over.' Understanding this word requires a shift in perspective for English speakers, as it is an intransitive verb. This means that the action happens to the subject, rather than the subject performing the action on a direct object. For example, in English, you might say 'I saved the food,' which uses a transitive verb. In Hindi, to express that the food was saved or is left over, you would say 'खाना बच गया' (khānā bach gayā), which literally translates to 'the food was saved' or 'the food remained.' This distinction is crucial for achieving fluency and sounding natural in Hindi conversations. When we talk about escaping danger, 'बचना' is the go-to verb. If someone narrowly escapes a car accident, the phrase 'वह दुर्घटना से बच गया' (vah durghaṭnā se bach gayā) is used. Notice the use of the postposition 'से' (se), which means 'from.' In Hindi, you escape from something, so 'से' is almost always paired with 'बचना' when the context is avoidance or escape. Furthermore, 'बचना' is extensively used in the context of avoiding undesirable situations, people, or habits. If you want to say 'I want to avoid eating junk food,' you would say 'मैं जंक फूड खाने से बचना चाहता हूँ' (maiñ junk food khāne se bachnā chāhtā hūñ). Here, the verb takes on a more abstract meaning of avoidance rather than physical escape. The beauty of 'बचना' lies in its broad spectrum of application. It bridges the gap between physical survival and everyday choices. In financial contexts, it refers to saving money. However, remember that 'पैसे बचना' means money is saved (intransitive), whereas 'पैसे बचाना' (paise bachānā) means to actively save money (transitive). This causative pair—बचना and बचाना—is a common pattern in Hindi grammar. Mastering 'बचना' opens the door to understanding how Hindi handles state and passive-like constructions without using formal passive voice. It reflects a worldview where things often happen or states exist, rather than actions always being directly forced by an agent. As you progress in your Hindi journey, you will notice 'बचना' in various idiomatic expressions. For instance, 'बाल-बाल बचना' (bāl-bāl bachnā) means to have a narrow escape, literally 'to be saved by a hair.' Such idioms enrich your vocabulary and make your speech more colorful. In summary, 'बचना' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual tool that helps you navigate the Hindi language's approach to survival, avoidance, and remainder. By practicing its use with different postpositions and in various contexts, you will significantly enhance your communicative competence. Always pay attention to whether you are describing a state of being saved or the act of saving someone else, as this will dictate whether you use 'बचना' or its transitive counterpart. Through consistent practice and exposure to native materials, the nuances of this essential verb will become second nature to you, allowing you to express complex ideas with simple, elegant Hindi phrasing. Additionally, the cultural context of 'बचना' cannot be overstated. In a society where navigating complex social dynamics is a daily reality, the concept of avoiding unnecessary conflict or escaping awkward situations is frequently discussed. You might hear elders advising younger people to 'बुरी संगति से बचो' (burī saṅgati se bacho), meaning 'avoid bad company.' This moral and practical advice relies heavily on the verb 'बचना'. It is also prevalent in health contexts, such as 'बीमारी से बचना' (bīmārī se bachnā) - to avoid illness. The emphasis is on prevention and self-preservation. When you watch Hindi movies or read literature, pay close attention to the dramatic moments. The hero often 'बच निकलता है' (bach nikaltā hai) - manages to escape. This compound verb form, combining 'बचना' with 'निकलना' (to emerge/go out), adds a layer of action and successful completion to the escape. Understanding these subtle variations and compound forms will elevate your Hindi from a basic conversational level to a more advanced, nuanced understanding of the language's rhythm and flow.

Intransitive Nature: Unlike its transitive counterpart 'बचाना', 'बचना' does not take a direct object in the same way.

Postposition Usage: Always use 'से' (se) when indicating what you are escaping from.

Idiomatic Meaning: Can mean 'to be left over' when referring to food or money.

वह दुर्घटना से बच गया।

खाना बच गया है।

मैं बारिश से बचना चाहता हूँ।

पैसे बच गए।

वह शेर से बच निकला।

Using 'बचना' correctly in sentences requires an understanding of Hindi sentence structure, particularly the use of postpositions and compound verbs. Because 'बचना' is an intransitive verb, the subject of the sentence is the entity that is escaping, avoiding, or being left over. Let us explore the various ways this verb manifests in everyday Hindi communication. The most common structure involves the subject, followed by the source of danger or avoidance with the postposition 'से' (se), and finally the verb 'बचना'. For example, 'राम कुत्ते से बच गया' (Rām kutte se bach gayā) translates to 'Ram escaped from the dog.' Here, Ram is the subject, the dog is the source of danger, 'से' indicates 'from,' and 'बच गया' is the compound verb form indicating completed action. The addition of 'गया' (gayā), the past tense of 'जाना' (jānā - to go), is a classic example of a Hindi compound verb. It adds a sense of completeness or finality to the action. You will rarely hear a native speaker say just 'राम कुत्ते से बचा'; they will almost always say 'बच गया' to emphasize that the escape was successful and final. When expressing a desire to avoid something, 'बचना' is often used with the verb 'चाहना' (chāhnā - to want). For instance, 'मैं विवाद से बचना चाहता हूँ' (maiñ vivād se bachnā chāhtā hūñ) means 'I want to avoid controversy.' In this structure, 'बचना' remains in its infinitive form. This pattern is incredibly useful for expressing preferences and boundaries in social situations. Another critical usage is in the context of remainders, particularly with food, money, or time. If you want to say 'There is some food left,' you say 'थोड़ा खाना बच गया है' (thoṛā khānā bach gayā hai). If you are talking about time, you might say 'हमारे पास केवल पाँच मिनट बचे हैं' (hamāre pās keval pāñch minaṭ bache haiñ) - 'We only have five minutes left.' Notice how the verb agrees with the subject in gender and number: 'खाना' is masculine singular, so it takes 'बचा/बच गया', while 'मिनट' (plural context here) takes 'बचे हैं'. Understanding this agreement is vital for grammatical accuracy. Furthermore, 'बचना' is frequently used in imperative sentences to give warnings or advice. 'गाड़ियों से बचकर चलना' (gāṛiyoñ se bachkar chalnā) means 'Walk avoiding the cars' or 'Watch out for the cars.' The form 'बचकर' is a conjunctive participle, meaning 'having avoided' or 'while avoiding.' This is a very natural way to give instructions in Hindi. You can also use it to tell someone to stay away from a bad habit: 'धूम्रपान से बचो' (dhūmrapān se bacho) - 'Avoid smoking.' The versatility of 'बचना' allows it to seamlessly transition from describing physical survival to abstract avoidance and mathematical remainders. By mastering these sentence patterns—compound verbs for completed actions, infinitive forms for desires, agreement for remainders, and conjunctive participles for advice—you will be able to wield 'बचना' with the confidence and precision of a native Hindi speaker. Practice these structures daily, substituting different subjects and objects, to internalize the grammar and rhythm of this essential verb.

Compound Verbs: Often combined with 'जाना' (to go) as 'बच जाना' to show completed action.

Conjunctive Participle: 'बचकर' (bachkar) is used to mean 'carefully' or 'having avoided'.

Infinitive Usage: Used as 'बचना' with 'चाहना' to express a desire to avoid something.

मैं विवाद से बचना चाहता हूँ।

गाड़ियों से बचकर चलना।

थोड़ा खाना बच गया है।

धूम्रपान से बचो।

वह मुश्किल से बचा।

The verb 'बचना' (bachnā) is ubiquitous in the Hindi-speaking world, echoing through bustling streets, quiet homes, dramatic cinema, and formal news broadcasts. Its frequency is a testament to its utility in describing the human experience of navigating risks, managing resources, and dealing with the aftermath of events. In everyday domestic life, 'बचना' is most commonly heard in the kitchen and dining areas. After a meal, a mother might look at the pots and say, 'आज बहुत चावल बच गया है' (āj bahut chāval bach gayā hai) - 'A lot of rice is left over today.' This practical, resource-management usage is a daily occurrence. Similarly, when discussing finances, families use 'बचना' to talk about savings. 'इस महीने कुछ पैसे नहीं बचे' (is mahīne kuch paise nahīñ bache) - 'No money was saved this month.' Moving out into the streets, 'बचना' becomes a word of caution and survival. In the chaotic traffic of Indian cities, you will frequently hear people yelling 'बचके!' (bachke!) or 'बचकर!' (bachkar!), which translates to 'Watch out!' or 'Be careful!' It is an urgent command to avoid an oncoming vehicle, a pothole, or a stray animal. If a pedestrian narrowly avoids a speeding rickshaw, bystanders might exclaim, 'अरे, बाल-बाल बच गया!' (are, bāl-bāl bach gayā!) - 'Oh, he had a narrow escape!' This phrase is deeply ingrained in the urban Indian experience. In the realm of entertainment, particularly Bollywood, 'बचना' is a staple of dramatic dialogue. Action sequences are incomplete without the hero or villain trying to escape. A classic villainous line might be, 'तू मुझसे नहीं बच सकता!' (tū mujhse nahīñ bach saktā!) - 'You cannot escape from me!' The dramatic tension relies heavily on the concept of 'बचना'. Furthermore, romantic songs often use the word metaphorically, singing about escaping the pain of love or the gaze of society. In news and journalism, 'बचना' takes on a more formal and serious tone. Reporters covering natural disasters, accidents, or political scandals use it extensively. A news anchor might report, 'भूकंप में केवल कुछ ही लोग बच पाए' (bhūkamp meñ keval kuch hī log bach pāe) - 'Only a few people managed to survive the earthquake.' In political discourse, analysts discuss how a politician 'बच निकला' (bach niklā) - 'managed to escape' a controversy or scandal. The verb is crucial for reporting on survival, evasion, and accountability. In professional and corporate environments, 'बचना' is used to discuss avoiding risks or unnecessary work. A manager might advise their team, 'हमें इस प्रोजेक्ट में गलतियों से बचना चाहिए' (hameñ is projekṭ meñ galtiyoñ se bachnā cāhie) - 'We should avoid mistakes in this project.' It is a polite yet firm way to set expectations. From the intimate setting of a family dinner to the high-stakes world of national news, 'बचना' is a linguistic thread that ties together various aspects of Indian life. By paying attention to these diverse contexts, learners can grasp the emotional weight and practical utility of this essential Hindi verb, moving beyond textbook definitions to true cultural fluency.

Daily Life: Used constantly to refer to leftover food or saved money.

Street Slang: 'बचके!' is a common warning cry in busy Indian streets.

News Media: Essential for reporting on survivors of accidents or disasters.

आज बहुत चावल बच गया है।

अरे, बाल-बाल बच गया!

तू मुझसे नहीं बच सकता!

भूकंप में केवल कुछ ही लोग बच पाए।

हमें गलतियों से बचना चाहिए।

Learning a new language is a journey fraught with potential pitfalls, and the Hindi verb 'बचना' (bachnā) presents several specific challenges for English speakers. The most frequent and glaring mistake is confusing 'बचना' (to be saved/to escape) with its transitive counterpart 'बचाना' (bachānā - to save someone/something). Because English uses the same word 'save' for both the state of being saved and the action of saving another, learners often directly translate their English thoughts into incorrect Hindi. For example, an English speaker wanting to say 'I saved the dog' might incorrectly say 'मैंने कुत्ते को बचा' (maiñne kutte ko bachā). This is grammatically incorrect and confusing to a native speaker. The correct sentence is 'मैंने कुत्ते को बचाया' (maiñne kutte ko bachāyā), using the transitive 'बचाना'. Conversely, if you want to say 'The dog was saved,' you use 'बचना': 'कुत्ता बच गया' (kuttā bach gayā). Mixing up these two verbs is the hallmark of a beginner, and mastering the distinction is a significant milestone in Hindi proficiency. Another common error involves the incorrect use of postpositions. As established, 'बचना' almost always requires the postposition 'से' (se - from) when indicating what is being avoided or escaped. Learners often mistakenly use 'को' (ko - to/for) or omit the postposition entirely. Saying 'मैं दुर्घटना को बच गया' (maiñ durghaṭnā ko bach gayā) is entirely wrong. The correct phrasing is 'मैं दुर्घटना से बच गया' (maiñ durghaṭnā se bach gayā). The logic is that you are moving away *from* the danger, hence 'से'. Furthermore, learners often struggle with the compound verb forms. While saying 'वह बचा' (vah bachā - he escaped) is technically understood, it sounds incomplete and slightly unnatural in everyday conversation. Native speakers overwhelmingly prefer the compound form 'वह बच गया' (vah bach gayā) to indicate a completed action in the past tense. Forgetting to add 'गया' (gayā) makes the speech sound stilted. Another subtle mistake occurs when using 'बचना' in the context of leftovers. Learners might forget that the verb must agree with the subject (the leftover item) in gender and number. If talking about 'रोटी' (roṭī - bread, feminine), one must say 'रोटी बच गई' (roṭī bach gaī), not 'रोटी बच गया'. Ignoring gender agreement immediately marks the speaker as non-native. Lastly, learners sometimes overuse 'बचना' when other verbs might be more appropriate. For instance, while 'बचना' means to avoid, if you are talking about ignoring someone intentionally, 'नज़रअंदाज़ करना' (nazarandāz karnā) is better. If you are talking about physically running away, 'भागना' (bhāgnā) is more precise. 'बचना' implies successfully evading a negative outcome, not just the physical act of running. By being mindful of the transitive/intransitive distinction, always using the correct postposition 'से', embracing compound verbs, ensuring gender agreement, and choosing the most precise vocabulary, learners can overcome these common mistakes and use 'बचना' with confidence and accuracy.

Transitive Confusion: Mixing up 'बचना' (intransitive) with 'बचाना' (transitive).

Wrong Postposition: Using 'को' instead of the required 'से' when escaping danger.

Gender Agreement: Failing to match the verb ending with the gender of the leftover item.

Incorrect: मैंने कुत्ते को बचा।

Correct: कुत्ता बच गया।

Incorrect: मैं दुर्घटना को बचा।

Correct: मैं दुर्घटना से बच गया।

Incorrect: रोटी बच गया। (Should be गई)

To truly master Hindi, one must understand not just a word, but its ecosystem of synonyms and related terms. While 'बचना' (bachnā) is highly versatile, there are several other verbs that convey similar meanings but carry distinct nuances. Knowing when to use 'बचना' versus an alternative will significantly elevate your fluency and precision. One common alternative is 'छूटना' (chūṭnā). While 'बचना' means to escape or be left over, 'छूटना' primarily means 'to be left behind,' 'to be released,' or 'to be missed.' For example, if you miss a train, you say 'मेरी ट्रेन छूट गई' (merī ṭren chūṭ gaī), not 'मेरी ट्रेन बच गई'. 'बचना' implies avoiding a negative outcome, whereas 'छूटना' often implies missing an opportunity or being physically separated from something. Another related word is 'भागना' (bhāgnā), which means 'to run' or 'to flee.' If a thief runs away from the police, you could say 'चोर भाग गया' (chor bhāg gayā). While 'भागना' describes the physical act of running away, 'बचना' describes the successful outcome of that action—evading capture. You can combine them: 'चोर भाग कर बच गया' (chor bhāg kar bach gayā) - 'The thief escaped by running away.' When discussing the avoidance of an event, 'टलना' (ṭalnā) is a fantastic alternative. It means 'to be postponed' or 'to be averted.' If a crisis is avoided, you might say 'संकट टल गया' (saṅkaṭ ṭal gayā) - 'The crisis was averted.' This is subtly different from 'बचना'; 'टलना' implies the event itself moved away or was delayed, while 'बचना' implies the subject successfully navigated around the event. In formal or literary contexts, you might encounter 'रक्षा होना' (rakṣā honā), which means 'to be protected.' This is a passive construction using the noun 'रक्षा' (protection). 'उसकी रक्षा हुई' (uskī rakṣā huī) means 'He was protected.' This carries a much more formal, almost divine or official tone compared to the everyday 'वह बच गया'. For the meaning of 'left over,' particularly in mathematics or formal accounting, 'शेष रहना' (śeṣ rahnā) is used. 'शेष' means remainder. 'पाँच में से दो गए, तीन शेष रहे' (pāñch meñ se do gae, tīn śeṣ rahe) - 'Five minus two leaves three remaining.' While 'बचना' can be used here ('तीन बचे'), 'शेष रहना' is more precise in formal contexts. Understanding these subtle distinctions allows you to paint a more accurate picture with your words. You wouldn't use 'बचना' for a missed train, nor would you use 'छूटना' for surviving an accident. By expanding your vocabulary to include these alternatives, you not only avoid awkward phrasing but also gain a deeper appreciation for the rich descriptive power of the Hindi language.

छूटना (chūṭnā): To be left behind or missed (like a train), not to escape danger.

भागना (bhāgnā): To physically run away or flee, focusing on the action rather than the outcome.

टलना (ṭalnā): To be averted or postponed, used for events or crises.

मेरी ट्रेन छूट गई।

चोर पुलिस से भाग गया।

बड़ा संकट टल गया।

उसकी भगवान द्वारा रक्षा हुई।

खाते में केवल सौ रुपये शेष हैं।

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"हमें आर्थिक संकट से बचने के उपाय खोजने होंगे।"

Neutro

"मैं बारिश से बचने के लिए छाता लाया हूँ।"

Informal

"तू आज पापा की डांट से बच गया!"

Child friendly

"बिल्ली कुत्ते से बचकर पेड़ पर चढ़ गई।"

Gíria

"भाई, आज तो कटने से बच गया!"

Curiosidade

The word for childhood, 'बचपन' (bachpan), and the word for child, 'बच्चा' (bachā), share the same ancient root. The underlying concept is that a child is someone who needs to be 'saved' or protected, highlighting the deep cultural emphasis on safeguarding the young.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /bətʃ.nɑː/

US /bətʃ.nɑ/

The stress is generally on the first syllable: BACH-na.

Rima com

रचना (rachnā - to create) जचना (jachnā - to suit/look good) मचना (machnā - to be caused/stirred up) पचना (pachnā - to be digested) खचना (khachnā - to be studded) सजना (sajnā - to be decorated) बजना (bajnā - to ring) तजना (tajnā - to abandon)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing the 'ch' as 'sh' (bash-na).
Making the first 'a' sound like the 'a' in 'bat' instead of a short 'uh' sound (buh-chna).
Shortening the final 'aa' sound.
Confusing it with 'bachana' (adding an extra 'aa' in the middle).
Aspirating the 'b' to sound like 'bh'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 2/5

Easy to read, common phonetic structure.

Escrita 3/5

Requires understanding of gender agreement for leftovers and correct postpositions.

Expressão oral 4/5

High difficulty for English speakers due to the transitive/intransitive conceptual shift.

Audição 3/5

Often spoken quickly in compound forms like 'बचगया' (bachgayā).

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

से (from) जाना (to go - for compound verbs) चाहना (to want) खाना (food) पैसा (money)

Aprenda a seguir

बचाना (to save someone) भागना (to run away) छूटना (to be left behind) सुरक्षित (safe) खतरा (danger)

Avançado

मुक्ति (liberation) रक्षा (protection) शेष (remainder) नज़रअंदाज़ (ignore) टालमटोल (procrastination)

Gramática essencial

Intransitive Verbs and the Ne (ने) Marker

Because 'बचना' is intransitive, it NEVER takes the 'ने' (ne) marker in the past tense. You say 'वह बचा' (He escaped), NOT 'उसने बचा'.

Postposition 'से' (se) for Source/Origin

Verbs of fearing, escaping, and avoiding always take 'से' for the object being avoided. 'कुत्ते से बचो' (Avoid the dog).

Compound Verbs with 'जाना' (jānā)

Adding 'जाना' to the root 'बच' creates 'बच जाना', emphasizing the completion of the escape. 'वह बच गया' (He successfully escaped).

Conjunctive Participle 'कर' (kar)

Adding 'कर' to the root creates an adverbial phrase. 'बचकर' means 'having avoided' or 'carefully'. 'बचकर चलो' (Walk carefully).

Gender/Number Agreement with Inanimate Objects

When meaning 'left over', the verb must agree with the noun. 'पानी (masc) बचा है', 'चाय (fem) बची है'.

Exemplos por nível

खाना बच गया है।

Food is left over.

Intransitive use meaning 'to remain'.

पैसे बच गए।

Money is saved/left.

Plural masculine agreement 'बच गए'.

वह गिरते-गिरते बचा।

He narrowly escaped falling.

Repetitive participle 'गिरते-गिरते' shows near-action.

चाय बच गई है।

Tea is left over.

Feminine singular agreement 'बच गई'.

मैं बच गया!

I am safe! / I escaped!

First person singular past tense.

थोड़ा पानी बचा है।

A little water is left.

Present perfect tense 'बचा है'.

क्या कुछ बचा है?

Is anything left?

Question form.

सब बच गए।

Everyone is safe.

Plural subject 'सब'.

मैं बारिश से बचना चाहता हूँ।

I want to avoid the rain.

Infinitive 'बचना' with 'चाहना'.

कुत्ते से बचो!

Avoid the dog! / Watch out for the dog!

Imperative form 'बचो'.

वह दुर्घटना से बच गया।

He escaped the accident.

Use of postposition 'से'.

हमें ठंड से बचना चाहिए।

We should avoid the cold.

Use of 'चाहिए' for advice.

चोर पुलिस से बच निकला।

The thief managed to escape from the police.

Compound verb 'बच निकलना'.

बीमारी से बचना ज़रूरी है।

It is important to avoid illness.

Gerund use of 'बचना'.

मैं ट्रैफ़िक से बच गया।

I avoided the traffic.

Past tense completed action.

धूप से बचकर चलो।

Walk avoiding the sun.

Conjunctive participle 'बचकर'.

वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी से बचना चाहता है।

He wants to avoid his responsibility.

Abstract noun 'ज़िम्मेदारी' with 'से'.

हम बाल-बाल बचे।

We had a narrow escape.

Idiomatic expression 'बाल-बाल बचना'.

झूठ बोलने से बचना चाहिए।

One should avoid lying.

Verbal noun 'बोलने' with 'से बचना'.

वह हमेशा काम से बचता है।

He always avoids work.

Habitual present tense 'बचता है'.

इस समस्या से बचना मुश्किल है।

It is difficult to avoid this problem.

Infinitive as subject.

वह सज़ा से बच नहीं सकता।

He cannot escape punishment.

Use of modal 'सकना'.

विवादों से बचकर रहना बेहतर है।

It is better to stay away from controversies.

Compound 'बचकर रहना'.

क्या तुम इस सवाल से बच रहे हो?

Are you avoiding this question?

Present continuous tense 'बच रहे हो'.

आर्थिक संकट से बचना लगभग असंभव लग रहा है।

Escaping the economic crisis seems almost impossible.

Complex sentence structure with abstract concepts.

वह किसी तरह से घोटाले से बच निकला।

He somehow managed to escape the scam.

Adverbial phrase 'किसी तरह से'.

हमें बुरी आदतों से बचने का प्रयास करना चाहिए।

We should try to avoid bad habits.

Genitive construction 'बचने का प्रयास'.

यदि वह सच बोलता, तो सज़ा से बच जाता।

If he had told the truth, he would have escaped punishment.

Past conditional tense.

समाज की नज़रों से बचना आसान नहीं है।

It is not easy to escape the eyes of society.

Metaphorical use of 'नज़रें'.

वह अपनी चालाकी से हर बार बच जाता है।

He escapes every time due to his cunningness.

Instrumental use of 'से' meaning 'due to'.

इस बीमारी से बचने के उपाय क्या हैं?

What are the measures to avoid this disease?

Interrogative sentence with complex noun phrase.

वह आलोचना से बचने के लिए चुप रहा।

He stayed quiet to avoid criticism.

Infinitive of purpose 'बचने के लिए'.

विपक्ष के तीखे प्रहारों से बचना सरकार के लिए टेढ़ी खीर साबित हो रहा है।

Escaping the sharp attacks of the opposition is proving to be a difficult task for the government.

Use of idioms ('टेढ़ी खीर') and formal vocabulary ('प्रहार').

सांसारिक मोह-माया से बचना एक योगी का परम लक्ष्य होता है।

Escaping worldly illusions is the ultimate goal of a yogi.

Philosophical and religious context.

वह कानूनी दांव-पेच से बच निकलने में माहिर है।

He is an expert at escaping through legal loopholes.

Complex compound 'बच निकलने में'.

इस भयंकर त्रासदी से कोई विरला ही बच पाया होगा।

Rarely anyone would have been able to escape this horrific tragedy.

Presumptive perfect tense 'बच पाया होगा'.

अपनी अंतरात्मा की आवाज़ से बचना मनुष्य के लिए असंभव है।

It is impossible for a human to escape the voice of their conscience.

Deep psychological context.

इतिहास के पन्नों में दर्ज होने से यह घटना कैसे बच सकती थी?

How could this event escape being recorded in the pages of history?

Rhetorical question in passive voice context.

कड़ी सुरक्षा व्यवस्था के बावजूद, अपराधी पुलिस की आँखों में धूल झोंक कर बच निकला।

Despite tight security, the criminal managed to escape by throwing dust in the police's eyes (hoodwinking them).

Integration with complex idioms.

आलोचकों की पैनी दृष्टि से इस फिल्म की कमियाँ बच नहीं सकीं।

The flaws of this film could not escape the sharp gaze of the critics.

Inanimate subject 'कमियाँ' with 'बचना'.

अस्तित्व के इस निस्सार चक्र से बचना ही निर्वाण की प्राप्ति है।

Escaping this meaningless cycle of existence is the attainment of Nirvana.

Highly philosophical and classical vocabulary.

पत्रकारिता के गिरते स्तर के बीच, निष्पक्षता का बच पाना एक चमत्कार सा प्रतीत होता है।

Amidst the declining standards of journalism, the survival of impartiality seems like a miracle.

Abstract noun 'निष्पक्षता' as the subject.

काल के क्रूर हाथों से न तो राजा बच सका, न ही रंक।

Neither the king nor the pauper could escape the cruel hands of time.

Literary and poetic structure (न... न...).

उसकी कविताओं में यथार्थ की कड़वाहट से बचने की एक अचेतन छटपटाहट दिखाई देती है।

In his poems, an unconscious struggle to escape the bitterness of reality is visible.

Psychological and literary analysis.

वैश्वीकरण की इस आंधी में स्थानीय संस्कृतियों का अक्षुण्ण बच रहना एक गंभीर चुनौती है।

In this storm of globalization, the intact survival of local cultures is a serious challenge.

Academic discourse on sociology.

सत्य को चाहे जितना भी दबाया जाए, वह अंततः उजागर होने से बच नहीं सकता।

No matter how much the truth is suppressed, it ultimately cannot escape being revealed.

Complex conditional and passive elements.

उसके तर्कों के जाल से बचना किसी भी सामान्य बुद्धि वाले व्यक्ति के लिए दुष्कर है।

Escaping the web of his arguments is arduous for any person of normal intellect.

Advanced vocabulary ('दुष्कर', 'तर्कों के जाल').

नियति के विधान से बचना देवताओं के लिए भी संभव नहीं माना गया है।

Escaping the decree of destiny is not considered possible even for the gods.

Mythological and epic context.

Colocações comuns

बाल-बाल बचना

मुश्किल से बचना

बीमारी से बचना

पैसे बचना

खाना बचना

विवाद से बचना

सज़ा से बचना

नुकसान से बचना

बच निकलना

बचकर रहना

Frases Comuns

बचके रहना

बच गया

कुछ नहीं बचा

बचने का रास्ता

बचने की कोशिश

बचते-बचाते

जान बची तो लाखों पाए

बचकर कहाँ जाओगे?

समय बचना

बचने की उम्मीद

Frequentemente confundido com

बचना vs बचाना (bachānā)

The transitive form. 'बचना' = to be saved. 'बचाना' = to save someone else. I escaped = मैं बचा. I saved him = मैंने उसे बचाया.

बचना vs छूटना (chūṭnā)

Means to be left behind or missed. Use 'छूटना' for missing a bus, use 'बचना' for escaping a crash.

बचना vs भागना (bhāgnā)

Means to run away. You can 'भागना' (run) but still get caught. If you 'बचना' (escape), you are successful.

Expressões idiomáticas

"बाल-बाल बचना"

To have a very narrow escape. Literally translates to 'to be saved by a hair'.

कार खाई में गिरने ही वाली थी, हम बाल-बाल बचे।

neutral

"जान बचाकर भागना"

To run for one's life. Emphasizes extreme danger and desperation.

शेर को देखकर वह जान बचाकर भागा।

neutral

"साफ बच निकलना"

To escape completely cleanly, without any harm or consequences.

घोटालेबाज़ कानून से साफ बच निकला।

informal

"बचते फिरना"

To constantly hide or avoid someone over a period of time.

वह कर्ज़दारों से बचता फिर रहा है।

informal

"आँख बचाकर निकलना"

To slip away unnoticed, avoiding someone's gaze.

वह मीटिंग से आँख बचाकर निकल गया।

informal

"मुँह बचाना"

To hide one's face out of shame or to avoid being recognized.

बेइज़्ज़ती के बाद वह सबसे मुँह बचा रहा है।

informal

"कन्नी काटना / बचकर निकलना"

To slink away or quietly avoid a responsibility or person.

जब काम की बारी आई, तो वह कन्नी काटकर बच निकला।

informal

"छक्के छूटना (और बचना)"

To be extremely terrified (and barely escape).

उस डरावनी जगह से बचकर आने में मेरे छक्के छूट गए।

slang

"हवा से बचना"

To avoid even the slightest influence or touch of something bad.

बुरी संगत की हवा से भी बचना चाहिए।

formal

"भगवान बचाए"

God save us. An exclamation used when facing a terrible situation or person.

ऐसे मूर्ख इंसान से तो भगवान ही बचाए!

neutral

Fácil de confundir

बचना vs बचाना

They look and sound almost identical, differing only by one 'aa' vowel sound. English uses 'save' for both.

'बचना' is intransitive (action happens to the subject). 'बचाना' is transitive (subject does action to an object).

वह बच गया (He was saved). उसने मुझे बचाया (He saved me).

बचना vs छूटना

Both can translate to 'left' in English (left over vs left behind).

'बचना' is for remainder (food, money) or survival. 'छूटना' is for separation (missing a train, leaving a bag behind).

खाना बच गया (Food is left over). ट्रेन छूट गई (Train is missed).

बचना vs रुकना

Sometimes confused when talking about stopping/avoiding an action.

'रुकना' means to physically stop or stay. 'बचना' means to avoid or escape.

वह यहाँ रुका (He stopped here). वह यहाँ आने से बचा (He avoided coming here).

बचना vs हटना

Both involve moving away from danger.

'हटना' means to step aside or move back. 'बचना' is the overall state of escaping harm.

रास्ते से हटो (Move out of the way). गाड़ी से बचो (Watch out for the car).

बचना vs छिपाना

Hiding is a way of escaping.

'छिपाना' means to hide something. 'बचना' means to escape. You might hide (छिपना) to escape (बचना).

उसने सच छिपाया (He hid the truth). वह सज़ा से बचा (He escaped punishment).

Padrões de frases

[Noun] + बच गया/गई।

खाना बच गया। (Food is left over.)

[Subject] + [Danger] + से + बच गया।

राम कुत्ते से बच गया। (Ram escaped the dog.)

[Danger] + से + बचो।

आग से बचो। (Avoid the fire.)

[Subject] + [Action verb in oblique infinitive] + से + बचना + चाहता है।

वह काम करने से बचना चाहता है। (He wants to avoid working.)

[Subject] + बचकर + [Verb]।

वह बचकर भाग गया। (He escaped and ran away.)

[Subject] + मुश्किल से / बाल-बाल + बचा।

हम दुर्घटना में बाल-बाल बचे। (We narrowly escaped the accident.)

[Subject] + का + [Danger] + से + बचना + [Adjective] + है।

उसका सज़ा से बचना असंभव है। (His escaping punishment is impossible.)

यदि + [Condition], तो + [Subject] + [Danger] + से + बच जाता।

यदि वह सच बोलता, तो अपमान से बच जाता। (If he had spoken the truth, he would have escaped the insult.)

Família de palavras

Substantivos

Verbos

Adjetivos

Relacionado

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frequency

Extremely High. It is in the top 500 most used Hindi words.

Erros comuns

मैंने कुत्ते को बचा। → मैं कुत्ते से बच गया।
The learner used the transitive structure (मैंने... को) with the intransitive verb 'बचना'. To say 'I escaped the dog', 'I' is the subject (मैं), the dog is the source (कुत्ते से), and the verb is 'बच गया'.
मेरी बस बच गई। → मेरी बस छूट गई।
Learners often use 'बचना' for missing transport because they think of 'left behind'. However, 'बचना' means to survive or avoid. You must use 'छूटना' for missing a bus or train.
मैं दुर्घटना को बच गया। → मैं दुर्घटना से बच गया।
Using the postposition 'को' (to) instead of 'से' (from). In Hindi, you escape *from* danger, so 'से' is mandatory.
रोटी बच गया है। → रोटी बच गई है।
Failing to match the verb gender with the subject. 'रोटी' (bread) is feminine, so the verb must be 'बच गई', not the masculine 'बच गया'.
वह काम से बचने के लिए कोशिश कर रहा है। → वह काम से बचने की कोशिश कर रहा है।
Using 'के लिए' (for) instead of 'की' (of) with 'कोशिश'. The correct Hindi structure is 'बचने की कोशिश' (attempt of escaping), not 'attempt for escaping'.

Dicas

The 'Ne' Rule

Never use the 'ने' (ne) particle with 'बचना' in the past tense. It is an intransitive verb. Say 'मैं बचा', not 'मैंने बचा'.

Pair with 'Se'

Train your brain to think of 'से बचना' (se bachnā) as a single unit when talking about avoidance. This will prevent you from using the wrong postposition.

Compound Verbs

Always default to 'बच गया' (bach gayā) for past tense escapes in spoken Hindi. It sounds 100% more native than just 'बचा'.

Street Smarts

If you are walking in a crowded Indian market and hear someone shout 'बचके!' (Bachke!), immediately step aside. It means a vehicle or heavy load is coming right behind you.

Food Context

Remember that 'बचना' is the standard word for leftovers. 'बचा हुआ खाना' literally means 'escaped food', but translates to 'leftover food'.

Hair's Breadth

Memorize 'बाल-बाल बचना' (bāl-bāl bachnā). Native speakers love this idiom, and using it correctly will impress them.

Gender Agreement

When writing about leftovers, check the gender of the noun. Roti (fem) -> बची. Chawal (masc) -> बचा.

Bachna vs Bachana

Write 'बचना (Intransitive) / बचाना (Transitive)' on a sticky note. This is the #1 mistake learners make.

Catch the Tone

Listen to how 'बच गया' is said. A sigh of relief means 'escaped danger'. A disappointed tone might mean 'oh no, there's food left over'.

Daily Use

Every time you avoid a puddle, a bad driver, or eating junk food, say to yourself 'मैं बच गया' or 'मैं बच रहा हूँ'.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine a BATCH of cookies. You eat most of them, but a few are left over. The BATCH NA (no) longer has all cookies, some managed to ESCAPE being eaten. BATCH-NA = Left over / Escape.

Associação visual

Visualize a person narrowly dodging a speeding car. As the car zooms past, a giant neon sign flashes 'BACHNA!' above them, symbolizing their successful escape.

Word Web

बचना Escape Avoid Leftover Save बचाना (Transitive) बचाव (Noun) से (Postposition)

Desafio

Next time you finish a meal and there is food left on your plate, point to it and say 'खाना बच गया'. Next time you dodge a puddle on the street, say 'मैं बच गया!'.

Origem da palavra

The word 'बचना' traces its roots back to Sanskrit. It is derived from the Sanskrit root 'वञ्च्' (vañc), which means to move crookedly, to sneak, to avoid, or to deceive. Over centuries of linguistic evolution through Prakrit and Apabhramsha, the pronunciation shifted, and the meaning narrowed primarily to the concepts of avoiding danger, escaping, and remaining.

Significado original: In its earliest forms, the root implied a sense of moving away from a straight path to avoid something, which perfectly aligns with the modern meaning of escaping or avoiding danger.

Indo-Aryan -> Indo-Iranian -> Indo-European.

Contexto cultural

When discussing sensitive topics like accidents or disasters, use 'बचना' respectfully. Saying someone 'बच गया' is a statement of relief, but be mindful of those who did not 'बच पाना' (manage to survive).

English speakers often struggle because English uses 'save' for both 'I saved him' and 'He was saved'. In Hindi, you must separate the action (बचाना) from the state (बचना).

The classic Bollywood song 'Bachna Ae Haseeno' (Watch out, beautiful ladies!) uses the word as a playful warning. The movie title 'Bachke Rehna Re Baba' (Stay careful, man!). Common street signs saying 'दुर्घटना से देर भली, बचकर चलें' (Better late than an accident, walk carefully).

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

At the dining table after a meal.

खाना बच गया है।
क्या कुछ बचा है?
बचा हुआ खाना फ्रिज में रख दो।
सब्ज़ी नहीं बची।

Navigating traffic or walking on the street.

बचके!
गाड़ियों से बचकर चलना।
वह एक्सीडेंट से बाल-बाल बचा।
ट्रैफिक से बचने के लिए जल्दी निकलो।

Discussing finances and savings.

इस महीने पैसे नहीं बचे।
हमें पैसे बचाने चाहिए।
बचत करना ज़रूरी है।
सैलरी से कुछ नहीं बचता।

Avoiding bad habits or situations.

बुरी संगत से बचो।
झूठ बोलने से बचना चाहिए।
मैं विवाद से बचना चाहता हूँ।
वह काम से बचता है।

Watching an action movie or reading news.

हीरो बच निकला।
भूकंप में कम लोग बचे।
चोर पुलिस से बच गया।
वह सज़ा से नहीं बच सकता।

Iniciadores de conversa

"कल रात की पार्टी के बाद क्या बहुत खाना बच गया था? (Was a lot of food left over after last night's party?)"

"तुम रोज़ सुबह ट्रैफिक से कैसे बचते हो? (How do you avoid traffic every morning?)"

"क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि वह इस घोटाले से बच पाएगा? (Do you think he will be able to escape this scam?)"

"तुम तनाव से बचने के लिए क्या करते हो? (What do you do to avoid stress?)"

"क्या इस महीने तुम्हारी सैलरी से कुछ पैसे बचे? (Did any money remain from your salary this month?)"

Temas para diário

Write about a time you narrowly escaped a dangerous situation using 'बाल-बाल बचना'.

Describe your strategies for avoiding ('से बचना') procrastination or bad habits.

Write a short story about a thief who tries to escape ('बच निकलना') but fails.

Reflect on the importance of saving resources (food, money) and use 'बचना' to describe what is left over.

Discuss a difficult conversation you wanted to avoid ('बचना चाहता था') and how you handled it.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, not directly. 'बचना' is intransitive. To say 'I saved money', you must use the transitive 'बचाना': 'मैंने पैसे बचाए'. If you use 'बचना', you must say 'पैसे बच गए' (Money was saved/remained), where 'money' is the subject, not 'I'.

Hindi frequently uses compound verbs to show the completion of an action. Adding 'गया' (past tense of जाना - to go) to 'बच' emphasizes that the escape is complete and final. 'वह बचा' sounds incomplete, like 'he was escaping...' whereas 'वह बच गया' means 'he successfully escaped'.

When you are talking about escaping or avoiding something, yes, 'से' (from) is almost always required. You escape *from* danger in Hindi. However, if you are talking about leftovers (खाना बच गया), you do not use 'से' because there is no source of danger.

You cannot use 'बचना' for missing transport. 'बचना' implies surviving or avoiding a negative outcome. Missing a flight is usually a negative outcome itself. You must use 'छूटना' (to be left behind): 'मेरी फ्लाइट छूट गई'.

It literally translates to 'to be saved hair by hair'. It is an idiom that means to have a very narrow escape, similar to the English phrase 'by a hair's breadth'.

Yes, 'बचना' is perfectly acceptable in formal writing. However, in highly academic or literary contexts, writers might occasionally substitute it with more Sanskritized words like 'सुरक्षित रहना' (to remain safe) or 'शेष रहना' (to remain/left over) depending on the exact nuance required.

You can use the imperative forms: 'बचो!' (bacho - informal/plural) or 'बचिए!' (bachie - formal). On the streets, you will often hear the slang/participle form 'बचके!' (bachke), which means 'keep safe/watch out'.

Yes, absolutely. 'वह कैंसर से बच गया' means 'He survived cancer'. It is the standard verb for surviving diseases, accidents, and natural disasters.

'बच जाना' simply means to be saved or to escape. 'बच निकलना' (combining escape + emerge/go out) implies a more active, often sneaky or difficult physical escape from a confined situation, like a thief escaping prison.

Because 'बचना' is intransitive, it agrees with the subject. If a woman says 'I escaped', she says 'मैं बच गई'. If a man says it, he says 'मैं बच गया'. If talking about food (खाना - masculine), it is always 'खाना बच गया', regardless of who is speaking.