Use 'iranai' to express that you do not need something in a casual setting.
Palavra em 30 segundos
- Used to express that something is not needed.
- Commonly used in casual daily conversations.
- Equivalent to 'I don't need it' or 'unnecessary'.
Overview
- 1概要:「いらない」は「いる(必要である)」の否定形である「いらない」が形容詞的に使われるようになった言葉です。自分の意思で不要であることを伝える際に使います。2) 使用パターン:主に「~がいらない(名詞+がいらない)」という形で使われます。また、動詞の連用形に接続して「~する必要がない」という意味で「~しなくていい」と併用されることもあります。3) 一般的な文脈:友人や家族との会話など、親しい間柄で使われるのが一般的です。店員さんに対して「レジ袋はいりません」と言うときは、より丁寧な「いりません」を使うのがマナーです。4) 類語との比較:「不要」は硬い言葉で書き言葉に向いており、「いらない」は話し言葉です。「欲しくない」は自分の感情(欲望)に焦点を当てていますが、「いらない」は必要性がないという客観的な判断や状況を含みます。
Exemplos
この雑誌、もういらない?
everydayDo you not need this magazine anymore?
その資料は不要でございます。
formalThat document is unnecessary.
いらないなら捨てていいよ。
informalIf you don't need it, you can throw it away.
本件に関する追加の議論は不要である。
academicFurther discussion on this matter is unnecessary.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
何もいらない
I don't need anything.
もういらないよ
I really don't need it anymore.
別にいらない
I don't really need it.
Frequentemente confundido com
Focuses on desire ('I don't want it') rather than necessity ('I don't need it').
A formal, Sino-Japanese word used in writing or business, unlike the casual 'iranai'.
Padrões gramaticais
How to Use It
Notas de uso
Use 'iranai' only with friends and family. In professional settings, use 'fuyou desu' or 'kekkou desu'. It is a versatile word for declining physical objects or abstract offers.
Erros comuns
Beginners often use 'iranai' to people they should be polite to, which sounds rude. Remember to switch to 'irimasen' or 'kekkou desu' in public. Also, avoid using it as a standalone answer if you want to sound polite.
Tips
Use polite form in public
Always use 'irimasen' when speaking to shop staff or strangers. Using 'iranai' in public can sound blunt or rude.
Avoid in formal writing
Do not use 'iranai' in formal reports or business emails. Use 'fuyou' or 'hitsuyou arimasen' instead.
The power of 'kekkou desu'
In Japan, saying 'kekkou desu' is a very polite way to say 'no thank you' or 'I don't need it'. It is softer than saying 'iranai'.
Origem da palavra
Derived from the verb 'iru' (to need/be required) + the negative suffix 'nai'. Over time, it became fixed as a common adjective-like expression.
Contexto cultural
Japanese culture values indirect communication. Saying 'iranai' directly can be blunt, so people often use 'kekkou desu' to soften the refusal. Understanding the nuance between casual and formal is key to social harmony.
Dica de memorização
Think of 'I don't need' (I-ranai). It sounds like 'I run away' from the object because I don't need it.
Perguntas frequentes
4 perguntas「いらない」は親しい友人や家族との会話で使うカジュアルな形です。「いりません」は丁寧語であり、店員さんや目上の人に対して使います。
ビジネスの場では「いらない」は少し失礼に聞こえる場合があります。「不要です」や「結構です」と言う方が適切です。
意味は似ていますが、「いらない」は必要性がないという判断を伝え、「欲しくない」は自分の感情として欲しいと思わないことを伝えます。
過去形は「いらなかった」です。例えば「昨日までは必要だったけれど、今はもういらなかった」のように使います。
Teste-se
このペンはもう___。
「いらない」は「必要ない」という否定の意味を持つため、文脈に合致します。
コンビニで袋が必要ないとき、店員になんと言いますか?
店員さんに対しては丁寧語の「いりません」を使うのがマナーです。
(いらない / も / もう / これ / は)
「これは(主語)+もう(副詞)+いらない(述語)」の語順が自然です。
Pontuação: /3
Summary
Use 'iranai' to express that you do not need something in a casual setting.
- Used to express that something is not needed.
- Commonly used in casual daily conversations.
- Equivalent to 'I don't need it' or 'unnecessary'.
Use polite form in public
Always use 'irimasen' when speaking to shop staff or strangers. Using 'iranai' in public can sound blunt or rude.
Avoid in formal writing
Do not use 'iranai' in formal reports or business emails. Use 'fuyou' or 'hitsuyou arimasen' instead.
The power of 'kekkou desu'
In Japan, saying 'kekkou desu' is a very polite way to say 'no thank you' or 'I don't need it'. It is softer than saying 'iranai'.
Exemplos
4 de 4この雑誌、もういらない?
Do you not need this magazine anymore?
その資料は不要でございます。
That document is unnecessary.
いらないなら捨てていいよ。
If you don't need it, you can throw it away.
本件に関する追加の議論は不要である。
Further discussion on this matter is unnecessary.
Related Content
Gramática relacionada
Frases relacionadas
Vocabulário relacionado
Mais palavras de general
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
~について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
~ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
ごろ
A2About, approximately (time).
うえ
A2At a higher position than.
絶対
B1Absolutely; definitely; never.
絶対に
B1Absolutely; definitely.