заходить em 30 segundos
- To go inside, enter, or make a brief visit.
- Imperfective verb, often implies habit or ongoing action.
- Used for places (в + Acc) and people (к + Dat).
- Common in everyday conversation for errands and social plans.
The Russian verb заходить (zakhodít') is a versatile word that primarily means 'to go inside' or 'to enter.' It's an imperfective verb, indicating an ongoing or repeated action, or a general ability to perform the action. It can be used in various contexts, from physically entering a building to making a brief visit to someone's place. The perfective counterpart is зайти (zaytí), which implies a completed action of entering or a short visit.
Think of it as the general act of stepping into a place. You can заходить a shop, a house, an office, or even a city. It describes the movement from an outside space to an inside one. For instance, if you're walking down the street and decide to pop into a bakery, you would say you are заходить into the bakery. It's a fundamental verb for describing movement and interaction with physical spaces.
Beyond physical entry, заходить can also refer to making a brief visit or dropping by someone's place. This usage often carries a sense of informality and a short duration. You might заходить to a friend's house to say hello, or заходить to a colleague's office for a quick chat. The intention is not to stay for a long time, but rather to briefly enter and then leave.
The verb can also be used metaphorically. For example, one might say that a topic or idea 'enters' a discussion or a plan. However, its most common and direct meaning relates to physical movement into enclosed spaces. Understanding the context is key to grasping the precise nuance of заходить in any given situation. Its prevalence in everyday conversation makes it an essential verb for anyone learning Russian.
Consider the simple act of entering a room. If you are in the habit of entering that room, or if you are describing the general possibility of entering it, you would use заходить. If you have just completed the action of entering, you would use the perfective зайти. This distinction between ongoing/habitual and completed actions is crucial in Russian grammar and is well-represented by this verb pair.
When you are planning to visit someone, you might say, 'Я хочу заходить к тебе в гости.' (Ya khochu zakhodit' k tebe v gosti.) - 'I want to come visit you.' This implies a desire to enter their home and spend some time there, though the duration isn't specified. The verb captures the intention to enter their personal space.
The physical act of entering is its most straightforward application. Imagine arriving at a store. You would заходить into the store to browse or purchase something. The action is directed towards the interior of the establishment. The verb emphasizes the transition from being outside to being inside.
In summary, заходить is a fundamental verb for expressing the action of entering a place, whether it's a building, a room, or even someone's personal space for a brief visit. Its imperfective nature allows for descriptions of habitual, ongoing, or potential actions of entering.
Mastering заходить involves understanding its grammatical partners and the contexts in which it thrives. As an imperfective verb, it often pairs with adverbs of frequency or duration, or describes a general capability. Its perfective counterpart, зайти, is used for single, completed actions or brief visits.
Я часто захожу в этот магазин. (Ya chasto zakhózhú v étot magazín.)
In this example, 'часто' (often) clearly indicates a repeated action, making the imperfective захожу the correct choice. The sentence describes a habit.
Мы можем заходить к вам после работы? (My mózhem zakhodít' k vam pósle rabóty?)
Here, 'можем' (can) implies a possibility or permission for a repeated or potential action. The question is about the ability or likelihood of dropping by, not a single, definite visit. This usage highlights the 'brief visit' aspect.
Contrast this with the perfective зайти: 'Я зашёл в магазин вчера.' (Ya zashól v magazín vcherá.) - 'I went into the shop yesterday.' This refers to a single, completed action in the past.
The preposition 'в' (v) is commonly used with заходить when referring to entering a place. This preposition indicates direction into something. For example, 'заходить в дом' (zakhodít' v dom) - 'to go into the house.' When visiting someone's place, the preposition 'к' (k) followed by the dative case is used: 'заходить к друзьям' (zakhodít' k druz'yám) - 'to visit friends.' This distinction is crucial for correct sentence construction.
Consider its use with modal verbs: 'Ты должен заходить в офис до 9 утра.' (Ty dólzhen zakhodít' v ófis do 9 utrá.) - 'You must go into the office before 9 AM.' This imposes a requirement or obligation for the action of entering.
The verb can also be used in a more general sense of 'passing by' or 'stopping by' a place on the way to somewhere else. For example, 'Я заходил на почту по дороге домой.' (Ya zakhodíl na póchtu po doróge domóy.) - 'I stopped by the post office on the way home.' Here, it implies a brief stop and entry.
In spoken Russian, заходить is extremely common. You'll hear it when people arrange meetings, discuss their daily routines, or talk about their errands. For instance, 'Не забудь заходить ко мне, когда будешь в районе.' (Ne zabud' zakhodít' ko mné, kogdá búdesh' v rayóne.) - 'Don't forget to stop by my place when you're in the area.'
The verb can also describe entering a state or condition, although this is less common than its physical meaning. For example, 'Проблема заходит слишком далеко.' (Probléma zakhódit slíshkom dalekó.) - 'The problem is going too far.' In this figurative sense, it implies a progression or deepening of a situation.
When discussing plans, the imperfective aspect is often preferred to indicate the intention or possibility. 'Мы планируем заходить в музей завтра.' (My planíruyem zakhodít' v muzéy závtra.) - 'We are planning to go to the museum tomorrow.' This focuses on the planning stage and the general act of entering the museum.
Remember to conjugate заходить correctly based on the subject and tense. The present tense forms are: я захожу, ты заходишь, он/она/оно заходит, мы заходим, вы заходите, они заходят.
The verb заходить is a cornerstone of everyday Russian conversation, appearing in a multitude of real-life scenarios. You'll hear it constantly in casual interactions, when making plans, and describing daily activities.
Everyday Errands: When someone is describing their day or planning their route, заходить is inevitable. 'Я заходил в аптеку за лекарствами.' (Ya zakhodíl v aptechku za lekarstvami.) - 'I went into the pharmacy for medicine.' Or, 'Мне нужно заходить в банк сегодня.' (Mne núzhno zakhodít' v bank sevódnya.) - 'I need to go to the bank today.' This highlights the practical use in task-oriented conversations.
Social Arrangements: Planning to meet friends or family? Заходить is your verb. 'Ты можешь заходить ко мне вечером?' (Ty mózhesh' zakhodít' ko mné vécherom?) - 'Can you come over to my place in the evening?' or 'Мы заходили к нашим соседям на чай.' (My zakhodíli k náshim sosédyam na chay.) - 'We dropped by our neighbors for tea.' This emphasizes the 'brief visit' meaning.
Workplace Communication: Colleagues often use it for quick interactions. 'Я захожу к тебе в кабинет через пять минут.' (Ya zakhózhú k tebé v kabinét chérez pyat' minút.) - 'I'm coming to your office in five minutes.' or 'Можете заходить без записи.' (Mózhete zakhodít' bez zápisi.) - 'You can come in without an appointment.' This shows its use in professional, yet informal, settings.
Public Spaces: When talking about navigating cities or towns, entering establishments is a key topic. 'Мы заходили в несколько магазинов, но ничего не нашли.' (My zakhodíli v néskol'ko magazínov, no níchivo ne nashlí.) - 'We went into several shops, but found nothing.' or 'Заходите в любое кафе, там есть свободные столики.' (Zakhodíte v lyubóye kafé, tam yest' svobódnyye stóliki.) - 'Go into any cafe, there are free tables.' This demonstrates its use in contexts involving commerce and public services.
Home and Family: Discussions about home life frequently involve this verb. 'Дети заходят в комнату, чтобы посмотреть телевизор.' (Deti zakhódyat v kómnatu, chtóby posmotrét' televízor.) - 'The children go into the room to watch TV.' or 'Бабушка заходит к нам каждое воскресенье.' (Bábushka zakhódit k nam kázhdoye voskresén'ye.) - 'Grandma visits us every Sunday.' This illustrates its application in describing domestic routines.
Travel and Exploration: When describing journeys, entering new places is a common theme. 'Во время поездки мы заходили во все главные музеи.' (Vo vréya poyézdyy my zakhodíli vo vsye glávnyye muzéi.) - 'During the trip, we went into all the main museums.' This shows its relevance in recounting travel experiences.
In essence, заходить is a workhorse verb. You'll encounter it in spoken dialogues, informal emails, social media posts, and even in simple instructions. Its ubiquitous nature makes it a prime candidate for early vocabulary acquisition.
The context usually clarifies whether it's a physical entry, a brief visit, or a habitual action. For instance, if someone says 'Я захожу,' without further context, it could mean 'I'm coming in' (if they are at your door) or 'I'm stopping by' (if they are planning a visit).
Learners of Russian often stumble over the usage of заходить, primarily due to confusion with its perfective counterpart зайти and incorrect prepositional usage.
1. Confusing Imperfective and Perfective Aspect:
Incorrect: Я зашёл в магазин каждый день.
Explanation: 'Зашёл' is perfective, implying a single completed action. 'Каждый день' (every day) indicates a repeated or habitual action, which requires the imperfective verb. The correct sentence is: 'Я заходил в магазин каждый день.' (Ya zakhodíl v magazín kázhdyy den'.)
2. Incorrect Prepositional Usage:
Incorrect: Я захожу к мой друг.
Explanation: When visiting a person, the preposition 'к' (k) is used, which requires the dative case. 'Мой друг' (my friend) is nominative. The correct sentence is: 'Я захожу к моему другу.' (Ya zakhózhú k moyemú drúgu.)
Similarly, when entering a place, the preposition 'в' (v) is used, requiring the accusative case for inanimate nouns. For example, 'заходить в дом' (zakhodít' v dom) is correct, not 'к дом'.
3. Overuse of Perfective for General Actions:
Incorrect: Мы зашли в этот парк много раз.
Explanation: 'Зашли' is perfective. 'Много раз' (many times) indicates repeated action. The correct sentence is: 'Мы заходили в этот парк много раз.' (My zakhodíli v étot park mnógo raz.)
4. Misunderstanding the 'Brief Visit' Nuance:
While заходить can mean 'to go inside', it often carries the connotation of a brief visit or a drop-in, especially when used with people. Using it for a permanent move or a long stay might be less appropriate than other verbs.
5. Pronunciation Errors:
While not strictly a grammatical mistake, mispronouncing the stress can lead to misunderstanding. The stress in заходить falls on the second syllable: за-хо-ДИ́ТЬ.
Key Takeaway for Avoiding Mistakes: Always consider the aspect (imperfective vs. perfective) and the correct prepositions with their corresponding cases. If the action is habitual, ongoing, or a general possibility, use заходить. If it's a single, completed action or a very short, specific visit, consider зайти.
While заходить is a common and versatile verb, several other Russian words share similar meanings or offer slightly different nuances. Understanding these distinctions is key to precise expression.
- Входить (vkhodít')
- This is the direct imperfective counterpart of войти (voytí), meaning 'to enter.' While often interchangeable with заходить for physical entry, входить tends to emphasize the act of entering itself, the process of crossing the threshold, and can imply a more formal or permanent entry. It’s less likely to be used for a brief, casual visit compared to заходить. For example, 'Входить в здание без пропуска запрещено.' (Vkhodít' v zdániye bez própuska zapreshchenó.) - 'Entering the building without a pass is forbidden.' This feels more official than 'заходить'.
- Посещать (poseshchát')
- This verb means 'to visit' and is often used for places like museums, theaters, cities, or for regularly attending events or institutions. It implies a more deliberate and often longer visit than a casual drop-in. For instance, 'Мы посещали Эрмитаж дважды.' (My poseshcháli Ermitázh dvázhdy.) - 'We visited the Hermitage twice.' It's less about the physical act of entering and more about the experience of being there and exploring.
- Заглядывать (zaglyádyvat')
- This verb means 'to peek in,' 'to glance into,' or 'to drop by briefly.' It suggests a very quick look or a very short, informal visit, often with a sense of curiosity or casualness. 'Я только заглянул на минутку.' (Ya tól'ko zaglyanúl na minútku.) - 'I just popped in for a minute.' It's even more ephemeral than the 'brief visit' nuance of заходить.
- Проходить (prokhodít')
- This verb means 'to pass through,' 'to go through,' or 'to walk past.' While it involves movement, it's not about entering and staying, but rather about transit. You might 'проходить мимо магазина' (prokhodít' mímo magazína) - 'walk past the shop,' without entering it. However, it can also mean to go through a place, like 'проходить через зал' (prokhodít' chérez zal) - 'to go through the hall.' The focus is on movement across or through a space.
- Приходить (prikhodít')
- This means 'to arrive' or 'to come.' It focuses on the destination rather than the act of entering. You приходить somewhere, and then you might заходить or входить once you are there. For example, 'Я пришёл домой поздно.' (Ya prishól domóy pózdno.) - 'I arrived home late.' After arriving, you would then enter the house, perhaps using заходить or входить.
Key Differences Summarized:
- Заходить: General act of entering, often implies a brief visit or habit.
- Входить: More formal/permanent entry, emphasizes the act of crossing the threshold.
- Посещать: To visit places like museums, theaters; implies a more extended experience.
- Заглядывать: To peek in, glance into, or drop by very briefly.
- Проходить: To pass through, go through, or walk past.
- Приходить: To arrive at a destination.
Choosing the right verb depends on the specific context and the nuance you wish to convey. Заходить remains a highly useful and frequently used verb for its broad applicability to entering spaces and making casual visits.
How Formal Is It?
"Просим вас заходить в зал заседаний после окончания регистрации."
"Я зайду в магазин по дороге домой."
"Заходи на чай, если будет время!"
"Заходи в свою комнату, поиграй!"
Curiosidade
The prefix 'за-' is incredibly versatile in Russian and can change the meaning of a verb dramatically. For 'заходить,' it transforms the general idea of 'going' into the specific action of 'entering' or 'dropping by.' This prefix is also used in verbs like 'забыть' (to forget), 'завтракать' (to have breakfast), and 'заниматься' (to be occupied with).
Guia de pronúncia
- Stressing the wrong syllable, e.g., ЗА-хо-дить or за-ХО-дить.
- Pronouncing the unstressed 'o' as a clear 'o' instead of 'a' or 'uh'.
- Not softening the final 'ть'.
Nível de dificuldade
Understanding 'заходить' in reading requires grasping aspect and prepositions. Figurative uses can increase difficulty.
Choosing between 'заходить' and 'зайти', and using correct prepositions and cases, requires practice.
Fluent use in conversation, especially with nuances of 'visit' vs 'enter', takes time.
Distinguishing it from similar verbs and understanding context is key.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Verb Aspect (Imperfective vs. Perfective)
'Заходить' (imperfective) describes ongoing, habitual, or repeated actions (e.g., 'Я часто захожу в этот магазин'). 'Зайти' (perfective) describes a single, completed action (e.g., 'Я зашёл в магазин вчера').
Prepositions of Direction and Case Usage
Use 'в' + Accusative for entering a place ('заходить в дом'). Use 'к' + Dative for visiting people ('заходить к другу').
Verb Conjugation in Present Tense
Я захожу, ты заходишь, он/она/оно заходит, мы заходим, вы заходите, они заходит.
Verb Conjugation in Past Tense
Masculine: заходил, Feminine: заходила, Neuter: заходило, Plural: заходили.
Imperative Mood
Singular: Заходи! Plural: Заходите!
Exemplos por nível
Мама заходит.
Mom enters.
Simple present tense, third person singular.
Я захожу в дом.
I go into the house.
Simple present tense, first person singular, preposition 'в' + accusative case for destination.
Собака заходит.
The dog enters.
Simple present tense, third person singular.
Заходи!
Come in!
Imperative, second person singular.
Ребёнок заходит.
The child enters.
Simple present tense, third person singular.
Он заходит в комнату.
He goes into the room.
Simple present tense, third person singular, preposition 'в' + accusative case.
Дверь заходит.
The door enters.
This is grammatically possible but semantically unusual; usually, something/someone enters *through* the door. Used here for basic pattern recognition.
Мы заходим.
We enter.
Simple present tense, first person plural.
Я часто захожу в этот магазин.
I often go into this shop.
Present tense, first person singular, adverb 'часто' (often) indicating habit.
Мы заходили к нашим соседям.
We visited our neighbors.
Past tense, imperfective, plural, preposition 'к' + dative case for people.
Ты можешь заходить ко мне после работы.
You can come over to my place after work.
Modal verb 'можешь' (can), present tense, second person singular, preposition 'к' + dative.
Дети заходят в парк.
The children go into the park.
Present tense, third person plural, preposition 'в' + accusative case.
Не заходи туда!
Don't go in there!
Imperative, negative, second person singular.
Он заходит в офис каждый день.
He goes into the office every day.
Present tense, third person singular, adverbial phrase 'каждый день' (every day).
Я заходил в аптеку.
I went into the pharmacy.
Past tense, imperfective, first person singular.
Можно заходить?
May I come in?
Infinitive used with 'можно' (it is possible/allowed).
Я часто захожу в этот книжный магазин, чтобы посмотреть новинки.
I often go into this bookstore to look at new arrivals.
Present tense, first person singular, imperfective aspect indicating habit, purpose clause with 'чтобы'.
Мы планируем заходить к вам на следующей неделе.
We plan to drop by your place next week.
Present tense, first person plural, verb 'планируем' (plan), future timeframe indicated by 'на следующей неделе'.
Не забудь заходить за документами завтра.
Don't forget to stop by for the documents tomorrow.
Imperative, negative, second person singular, followed by infinitive 'заходить'. Implies a brief stop.
Этот старый дом уже давно никто не заходит.
No one has entered this old house for a long time.
Past tense, imperfective, third person plural (implied subject 'никто'), negative construction.
Если будешь в нашем районе, обязательно заходи!
If you're in our neighborhood, definitely come over!
Conditional sentence ('Если'), imperative 'заходи' used informally for a visit.
Проблема заходит слишком далеко, и нам нужно что-то делать.
The problem is going too far, and we need to do something.
Figurative use of 'заходит', present tense, third person singular, indicating progression.
Раньше я часто заходил в этот парк.
I used to often go into this park.
Past tense, imperfective, first person singular, adverb 'часто' indicating past habit.
Могу я зайти к вам на минутку?
May I come in for a minute?
Infinitive 'зайти' (perfective) used with 'могу я' (may I), implying a single, brief visit.
Я заметил, что он регулярно заходит в тот бар после работы, хотя раньше никогда там не бывал.
I noticed that he regularly goes into that bar after work, although he had never been there before.
Past tense, imperfective for observation, present tense, imperfective for habit, contrast with past perfective of 'бывать'.
Несмотря на плохую погоду, мы решили заходить к друзьям, чтобы отпраздновать их годовщину.
Despite the bad weather, we decided to visit friends to celebrate their anniversary.
Past tense, imperfective, conjunction 'несмотря на' (despite), purpose clause with 'чтобы'.
Этот закон заходит слишком далеко в ограничении личных свобод.
This law goes too far in restricting personal freedoms.
Figurative use, present tense, third person singular, indicating excessive measures.
Когда я учился в университете, я часто заходил в библиотеку за учебниками.
When I was studying at university, I often went to the library for textbooks.
Past tense, imperfective, used in a subordinate clause of time ('Когда'), indicating a past habit.
Можно ли заходить в эту часть музея без сопровождения?
Is it possible to enter this part of the museum without a guide?
Infinitive 'заходить' with 'можно ли' (is it possible), indicating inquiry about permission/rules.
Он обещал заходить проведать бабушку каждые выходные.
He promised to visit his grandmother every weekend.
Past tense, imperfective, infinitive 'заходить' used after 'обещал' (promised), implying a habitual future action from the past perspective.
Я бы хотел зайти к вам завтра, если у вас будет время.
I would like to come over tomorrow, if you have time.
Conditional mood ('бы хотел'), future timeframe, informal visit proposal.
Эта дискуссия заходит в тупик, потому что никто не хочет уступать.
This discussion is leading to a dead end because no one wants to yield.
Figurative use, present tense, third person singular, indicating lack of progress.
Он всегда старался заходить на огонек к своим старым друзьям, даже если у него было мало времени.
He always tried to drop by his old friends' place for a quick visit, even if he had little time.
Past tense, imperfective, idiomatic phrase 'заходить на огонек' (to drop by for a short visit), concessive clause 'даже если'.
В его словах чувствовалось, что проблема заходит глубже, чем он изначально предполагал.
It was felt in his words that the problem went deeper than he initially assumed.
Figurative use, past tense, imperfective, complex sentence structure, subordination.
Архитектор предложил проект, который позволял бы максимально заходить дневному свету в жилые помещения.
The architect proposed a design that would allow daylight to enter the living spaces as much as possible.
Past tense, imperfective, subjunctive mood ('позволял бы'), focus on maximizing entry of light.
Он не мог просто заходить в её кабинет без предупреждения; требовались строгие протоколы.
He couldn't just enter her office without warning; strict protocols were required.
Past tense, imperfective, modal 'не мог' (could not), passive construction 'требовались' (were required).
Эта традиция заходит корнями в глубокое прошлое, свидетельствуя о древних обычаях.
This tradition has roots in the distant past, testifying to ancient customs.
Figurative use, present tense, third person singular, idiomatic 'заходить корнями' (to have roots).
Я бы предпочёл заходить к вам лично, чтобы обсудить детали, а не вести переписку.
I would prefer to visit you in person to discuss the details, rather than correspond.
Conditional mood ('предпочёл'), infinitive 'заходить' after 'предпочёл', comparison with 'а не'.
Политика компании позволяет сотрудникам заходить в офис в удобное для них время.
The company policy allows employees to enter the office at their convenience.
Present tense, imperfective, infinitive used after 'позволяет' (allows), indicating a general policy.
Его критика заходила слишком далеко, переходя границы допустимого.
His criticism went too far, crossing the boundaries of what is permissible.
Past tense, imperfective, figurative use, participial phrase 'переходя границы'.
В своих мемуарах автор часто заходит на территорию личных воспоминаний, которые, казалось бы, не имеют прямого отношения к основной теме.
In his memoirs, the author often ventures into the territory of personal memories, which, it would seem, have no direct bearing on the main topic.
Figurative use, present tense, imperfective, complex sentence structure, participial phrase 'казалось бы'.
Его манера заходить в спор с оппонентами всегда была несколько провокационной, но при этом он редко повышал голос.
His manner of entering into arguments with opponents was always somewhat provocative, yet he rarely raised his voice.
Past tense, imperfective, gerundial phrase 'заходить в спор', contrastive conjunction 'но'.
Эта философская концепция заходит так далеко, что ставит под сомнение саму природу реальности.
This philosophical concept goes so far as to question the very nature of reality.
Figurative use, present tense, imperfective, consequence clause with 'так... что'.
Он заходил в своих рассуждениях настолько далеко, что начал цитировать малоизвестных поэтов Серебряного века.
He went so far in his reasoning that he began quoting little-known poets of the Silver Age.
Past tense, imperfective, figurative use, consequence clause with 'настолько... что'.
Политика компании, позволяющая сотрудникам заходить в офис в рабочее время по своему усмотрению, способствовала повышению лояльности.
The company policy, allowing employees to enter the office during working hours at their discretion, contributed to increased loyalty.
Present tense, imperfective, relative clause, participial phrase 'способствовала повышению'.
Судебная практика по данному вопросу заходит в тупик из-за отсутствия прецедентов.
Judicial practice on this issue has reached a deadlock due to the absence of precedents.
Figurative use, present tense, imperfective, causal clause 'из-за'.
Я бы не советовал заходить так далеко в своих предположениях, не имея достаточных доказательств.
I would not advise going so far in your assumptions without having sufficient evidence.
Conditional mood, infinitive 'заходить' after 'советовал', negative construction, participial phrase 'не имея'.
В его исполнении даже обыденное действие, как заходить в комнату, приобретало некую артистическую окраску.
In his performance, even an ordinary action like entering a room acquired a certain artistic flair.
Past tense, imperfective, gerundial phrase 'как заходить', abstract noun 'окраску'.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— I'll come over/I'm coming over. (Can imply a brief visit or arrival)
Друг: Когда ты придёшь? Я: Я зайду через полчаса.
— To go to work (often implying a regular occurrence or a specific arrival)
Он заходит на работу к девяти утра.
— To drop by for a short, informal visit (idiomatic)
Буду рад, если ты зайдёшь на огонёк.
— To go too far; to overstep boundaries (figurative)
Его критика зашла слишком далеко.
— To come visit (often implies a pleasant, social visit)
Мы зашли в гости к нашим старым друзьям.
Frequentemente confundido com
'Зайти' is the perfective counterpart of 'заходить'. While both mean 'to go inside' or 'to visit,' 'заходить' implies an ongoing, habitual, or potential action, whereas 'зайти' refers to a single, completed action or a very brief, specific visit. For example, 'Я часто захожу в этот парк' (I often go into this park - habit) vs. 'Я зашёл в парк вчера' (I went into the park yesterday - single event).
'Входить' (imperfective) and its perfective 'войти' mean 'to enter.' 'Входить' often emphasizes the act of crossing the threshold and can imply a more formal or permanent entry than 'заходить,' which is more general and can imply a brief visit.
'Приходить' means 'to arrive' or 'to come.' You 'приходить' to a place, and then you might 'заходить' or 'входить' into it. The focus is on reaching the destination, not necessarily entering it.
Expressões idiomáticas
— To drop by for a short, informal visit, often implying a friendly and brief encounter.
Если будешь неподалёку, заходи на огонёк!
Informal— To reach a dead end; to get stuck in a situation where progress is impossible.
Переговоры зашли в тупик из-за разногласий сторон.
Neutral/Figurative— To go too far, to overstep boundaries, to behave excessively.
Его замечания зашли слишком далеко, и ему пришлось извиниться.
Neutral/Figurative— To delve into complex, obscure, or difficult details; to get lost in excessive complexity.
Он начал заходить в дебри истории, которые мало кому были интересны.
Neutral/Figurative— To fall into oblivion; to be forgotten.
После распада империи многие её достижения зашли в забвение.
Formal/Figurative— To fit within certain limits or boundaries.
Его поведение не заходило в рамки приличий.
Neutral/Figurative— To go smoothly, without any problems or hitches.
Всё прошло как по маслу, мы даже не ожидали.
Informal/Figurative— To come visit someone's home, usually for a social occasion.
Мы решили зайти в гости к нашим новым соседям.
Neutral/Social— To stop by the post office (implies a brief stop to conduct business).
Мне нужно зайти на почту забрать посылку.
Neutral/PracticalFácil de confundir
Both are related to entering and visiting.
'Заходить' is imperfective, used for habitual, ongoing, or potential actions of entering or visiting. 'Зайти' is perfective, used for a single, completed action of entering or a specific, brief visit. For example, 'Я часто захожу к другу' (I often visit my friend) vs. 'Я зашёл к другу на пять минут' (I visited my friend for five minutes).
Я захожу в магазин каждый день. (Imperfective - habit) vs. Я зашёл в магазин за хлебом. (Perfective - single action)
Both mean 'to enter'.
'Заходить' is more general and often implies a brief visit or a habitual action of entering. 'Входить' can imply a more formal or permanent entry, emphasizing the act of crossing the threshold. For example, 'Заходите в дом' (Come into the house - informal invitation) vs. 'Входить в здание без пропуска запрещено' (Entering the building without a pass is forbidden - formal rule).
Мы заходим в парк погулять. (General entry/visit) vs. Входить в эту зону строго запрещено. (Formal prohibition of entry)
Both involve movement towards a destination.
'Приходить' means 'to arrive' or 'to come' and focuses on reaching the destination. 'Заходить' implies entering or visiting *after* arriving. For example, 'Я пришёл домой, а потом зашёл на кухню' (I arrived home, and then went into the kitchen).
Он пришёл на встречу вовремя. (He arrived at the meeting on time.) vs. Он зашёл в кабинет после встречи. (He went into the office after the meeting.)
Both can mean 'to visit'.
'Заходить' is typically for brief, informal visits to people's homes or places, or for general entry. 'Посещать' is used for visiting places like museums, theaters, or for attending events regularly, implying a more deliberate and often longer stay. For example, 'Я захожу к соседям' (I visit my neighbors - brief) vs. 'Я посещаю этот музей каждый год' (I visit this museum every year - regular, planned visit).
Я зашёл в кафе выпить кофе. (Brief stop) vs. Я посещаю этот музей раз в месяц. (Regular visit to a place)
Both can imply a short visit.
'Заглядывать' implies a very quick peek or a very brief, almost fleeting visit, often with curiosity. 'Заходить' is more general for entering or dropping by. For example, 'Я заглянул в магазин на секунду' (I peeked into the shop for a second) vs. 'Я зашёл в магазин купить продукты' (I went into the shop to buy groceries).
Я просто заглянул проверить, как дела. (Very quick check) vs. Я зашёл проведать больного друга. (A more substantial visit)
Padrões de frases
Subject + заходить + в + Noun (Accusative)
Я захожу в дом.
Subject + adverb of frequency + заходить + к + Noun (Dative)
Я часто захожу к друзьям.
Subject + заходить + в + Noun (Accusative) + чтобы + Infinitive
Я захожу в магазин, чтобы купить хлеба.
Conditional Clause (Если...) + imperative Заходи!
Если будешь рядом, заходи!
Subject + Past Tense Imperfective + adverb of frequency
Раньше я часто заходил в этот парк.
Figurative: Subject + заходить + слишком далеко
Его слова заходят слишком далеко.
Idiomatic: Subject + заходить на огонёк
Заходи на огонёк вечером.
Subject + заходить + в + Noun (Accusative) + с целью + Infinitive
Он заходил в офис с целью обсудить проект.
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Relacionado
Como usar
Very High
-
Using 'заходить' for a single, completed action.
→
Я зашёл в магазин вчера.
The mistake is using the imperfective 'заходил' when a single, completed action in the past is described. The perfective 'зашёл' is required here. 'Заходил' would imply a habitual action like 'Я заходил в этот магазин каждый день.'
-
Incorrect preposition and case with people.
→
Я зайду к моему другу.
The mistake is using 'в' or forgetting the dative case after 'к'. When visiting a person, the preposition 'к' is used, and it requires the dative case for the noun or pronoun. 'К мой друг' is incorrect; it should be 'к моему другу'.
-
Using 'заходить' for formal entry.
→
Просим вас входить в зал.
While 'заходить' means to enter, in formal instructions or official contexts, 'входить' is often preferred to convey a more formal or permanent entry. 'Заходить' can sometimes imply a brief or casual entry.
-
Confusing 'заходить' with 'приходить'.
→
Я пришёл домой, а потом зашёл на кухню.
'Приходить' means 'to arrive' or 'to come,' focusing on reaching the destination. 'Заходить' means to enter or visit *after* arriving. The mistake is using them interchangeably when the sequence of actions is important.
-
Using 'заходить' for a long stay.
→
Я планирую остаться здесь надолго.
'Заходить' often implies a brief visit or entry. If the intention is to stay for a long period, verbs like 'оставаться' (to stay) or 'жить' (to live) are more appropriate. Using 'заходить' for a long stay can be misleading.
Dicas
Aspect is Key!
Always consider whether the action of entering or visiting is habitual, ongoing, or a potential event (use 'заходить') or a single, completed action or very brief visit (use 'зайти'). This distinction is crucial for correct usage.
Context is King
The meaning of 'заходить' can shift slightly based on context. When referring to places, it's often a direct 'enter.' When referring to people, it usually implies a 'brief visit' or 'drop-in.' Pay attention to the prepositions used ('в' vs. 'к').
Stress Matters
Remember that the stress in 'заходить' falls on the third syllable: за-хо-ДИ́ТЬ. Incorrect stress can lead to misunderstanding or sound unnatural.
Informal Invitation
Use the imperative 'Заходи!' as a warm and informal invitation for someone to come in or drop by. It's a very common and friendly phrase.
Antonym Practice
Practice the antonyms 'выходить' (to go out) and 'уходить' (to leave). Understanding the opposite action helps solidify the meaning of 'заходить'.
Preposition Check
Always double-check which preposition ('в' or 'к') and case (Accusative or Dative) are required after 'заходить' depending on whether you are entering a place or visiting a person.
Visual Associations
Create mental images: a door with a 'Z' for 'заходить,' or a path leading behind a building. Associate the sound with the action of entering.
Figurative Language
Be aware of figurative uses like 'заходить в тупик' (reach a dead end) or 'заходить слишком далеко' (go too far). These are common in discussions about problems or arguments.
Sentence Building
Write sentences describing your daily routine, plans with friends, or errands using 'заходить.' This active practice is key to internalizing the verb.
Social Nuances
Understand that 'заходить' often implies a casual, friendly visit, especially with people. This reflects the importance of hospitality and social connection in Russian culture.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a clock's hands. When the hour hand 'заходит' (goes behind) the minute hand, it's like entering a new phase of the day. Or, think of a character 'za' (za) who loves to 'khodit'' (walk) 'into' (prefix 'za-') every available building!
Associação visual
Picture a door with a large 'Z' (for 'заходить') on it. As you push the door open, you are 'za-khodit'-ing' inside. Another visual could be a path that curves 'behind' a building, leading you 'inside' it.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to describe your daily routine using 'заходить' as much as possible. Where do you 'заходить' for breakfast? Where do you 'заходить' during your commute? Who do you 'заходить' to visit?
Origem da palavra
The verb 'заходить' is formed from the prefix 'за-' (za-) and the verb root '-ход-' (-khod-) which is related to 'ходить' (to walk, to go). The prefix 'за-' often indicates the beginning of an action, movement behind something, or movement into something. In this case, it signifies movement into something (behind a boundary).
Significado original: Literally, 'to go behind' or 'to start walking into.' This evolved to mean 'to enter' a place or 'to approach' something.
Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > East Slavic > RussianContexto cultural
When using 'заходить' to refer to visiting someone's home, consider the context. While often informal, ensure the invitation or statement is appropriate for the relationship. For formal settings like government buildings, 'входить' might be more suitable than 'заходить'.
In English, we have 'to go inside,' 'to enter,' 'to drop by,' 'to pop in,' and 'to visit.' 'Заходить' often encompasses the meanings of 'to drop by' and 'to pop in' when referring to people, and 'to go inside' or 'to enter' when referring to places.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Making plans with friends
- Я зайду к тебе вечером.
- Ты можешь заходить в любое время.
- Давай зайдём куда-нибудь после фильма.
Describing daily errands
- Мне нужно зайти в аптеку.
- Я заходил в банк сегодня утром.
- Зайди в магазин за хлебом.
Navigating public spaces
- Заходите в здание.
- Мы зашли в музей.
- Можно заходить без билета?
Talking about habits
- Я часто захожу в эту кофейню.
- Он обычно заходит к родителям по воскресеньям.
- Раньше я заходил сюда каждый день.
Figurative use (problems, discussions)
- Ситуация заходит слишком далеко.
- Дискуссия зашла в тупик.
- Его рассуждения заходят в дебри.
Iniciadores de conversa
"Куда ты обычно заходишь по пути домой?"
"Ты любишь заходить в новые кафе?"
"К кому ты любишь заходить в гости?"
"Есть ли место, куда ты часто заходишь?"
"Что ты делаешь, когда заходишь в незнакомое место?"
Temas para diário
Опишите свой обычный день, используя глагол 'заходить'. Куда вы заходите и почему?
Вспомните последний раз, когда вы заходили к кому-то в гости. Опишите эту встречу.
Представьте, что вы оказались в новом городе. Какие места вы бы хотели посетить и куда бы вы первым делом зашли?
Напишите о ситуации, когда разговор или проект 'зашёл в тупик'. Как вы себя чувствовали?
Подумайте о привычке, которая у вас есть. Возможно, вы часто заходите в одно и то же место? Опишите эту привычку.
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntas'Заходить' is an imperfective verb, used for ongoing, habitual, or potential actions of entering or visiting. For example, 'Я часто захожу в этот парк' (I often go into this park). 'Зайти' is its perfective counterpart, used for a single, completed action or a specific, brief visit. For example, 'Я зашёл в парк вчера' (I went into the park yesterday). The choice depends on whether you are describing a habit/process or a completed event.
You use 'заходить в' followed by the accusative case when entering a place or building, like 'заходить в дом' (to go into the house) or 'заходить в магазин' (to go into the shop). You use 'заходить к' followed by the dative case when visiting a person, like 'заходить к другу' (to visit a friend) or 'заходить к врачу' (to visit the doctor).
Yes, 'заходить' can be used figuratively. Common figurative uses include 'заходить в тупик' (to reach a dead end, for discussions or problems) and 'заходить слишком далеко' (to go too far, to overstep boundaries). These expressions describe situations progressing to an extreme or unresolvable point.
'Заходить' is generally neutral but leans towards informal when used for casual visits ('заходить к друзьям', 'заходить на огонёк'). For very formal entries into buildings or official settings, 'входить' might be more appropriate. However, in everyday conversation, 'заходить' is perfectly acceptable in most contexts.
This is an idiomatic expression meaning 'to drop by for a short, informal visit.' It conveys a friendly and casual invitation, suggesting a brief social call, often for tea or a chat. It implies a lighthearted and brief encounter.
The present tense conjugation is: я захожу, ты заходишь, он/она/оно заходит, мы заходим, вы заходите, они заходит.
In the past tense, it conjugates based on gender and number: Masculine: заходил, Feminine: заходила, Neuter: заходило, Plural: заходили.
The imperative form is 'Заходи!' (singular, informal) and 'Заходите!' (plural or formal singular).
Yes, similar verbs include 'входить' (to enter - more formal/permanent), 'заглядывать' (to peek in/drop by very briefly), 'посещать' (to visit places like museums), 'приходить' (to arrive), and 'проходить' (to pass through).
While technically possible, it's more common to use verbs like 'въезжать' (to drive into), 'прибывать' (to arrive), or 'входить' (to enter) when referring to entering cities or countries, especially in formal contexts. 'Заходить' might be used informally for a brief stop within a city.
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Summary
The Russian verb 'заходить' means to go inside or make a brief visit. As an imperfective verb, it emphasizes the ongoing, habitual, or potential nature of entering a place or visiting someone, often contrasted with the perfective 'зайти' for a single completed action. It's crucial for describing daily routines and social interactions.
- To go inside, enter, or make a brief visit.
- Imperfective verb, often implies habit or ongoing action.
- Used for places (в + Acc) and people (к + Dat).
- Common in everyday conversation for errands and social plans.
Aspect is Key!
Always consider whether the action of entering or visiting is habitual, ongoing, or a potential event (use 'заходить') or a single, completed action or very brief visit (use 'зайти'). This distinction is crucial for correct usage.
Context is King
The meaning of 'заходить' can shift slightly based on context. When referring to places, it's often a direct 'enter.' When referring to people, it usually implies a 'brief visit' or 'drop-in.' Pay attention to the prepositions used ('в' vs. 'к').
Stress Matters
Remember that the stress in 'заходить' falls on the third syllable: за-хо-ДИ́ТЬ. Incorrect stress can lead to misunderstanding or sound unnatural.
Informal Invitation
Use the imperative 'Заходи!' as a warm and informal invitation for someone to come in or drop by. It's a very common and friendly phrase.
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