When talking about countries in Chinese, we often use a single character to represent the country in combination with other words. For example, to say 'German language,' you can combine the character for Germany (德) with the character for language (语) to form 德语 (déyǔ).
Similarly, for 'German people,' you combine the character for Germany (德) with the character for person/people (人) to form 德国人 (déguórén). This pattern is very common, so if you learn the Chinese name for a country, you can easily expand your vocabulary.
It's a useful shortcut for building your vocabulary efficiently! Knowing the country name unlocks several related terms.
When talking about Germany in Chinese, you use the word 德国 (dé guó). The character 德 (dé) means 'virtue' or 'morality' and is used as a phonetic approximation for the 'De' sound in Germany. The character 国 (guó) means 'country' or 'nation'.
So, literally translated, 德国 means 'virtue country,' but it's simply how you say Germany. If you want to say 'German person,' you would add 人 (rén), meaning person, after it: 德国人 (dé guó rén). For 'German language,' you would say 德语 (dé yǔ), where 语 (yǔ) means language.
When discussing Germany, the term "德国" (Déguó) is commonly used. The character "德" (dé) means virtue or morality, and it's used here as a transliteration for the first syllable of "Deutschland" or "Deutsch." The character "国" (guó) means country or nation.
So, "德国" literally translates to "virtue country" but functionally means Germany. It's important to remember that many country names in Chinese are phonetic approximations combined with "国" (guó).
For example, if you wanted to say "I want to travel to Germany," you would say "我想去德国旅游" (Wǒ xiǎng qù Déguó lǚyóu).
If someone asks "你是德国人吗?" (Nǐ shì Déguórén ma?), they are asking "Are you German?" Here, "人" (rén) means person.
Knowing this common pattern for country names can help you understand and remember other country names in Chinese.
§ Mistakes people make with this word
Alright, so you're learning 德国 (déguó), which means Germany. Sounds simple enough, right? But even with a basic word like this, there are a few common pitfalls that English speakers tend to fall into. Let's make sure you avoid them. Getting these right will make your Chinese sound a lot more natural.
§ Mistake 1: Confusing 德国 with other countries
This one is pretty straightforward. Chinese country names often have a similar sound to their English counterparts, but they're not always exactly the same. Don't mix up 德国 (Germany) with other European countries. For example, some beginners might accidentally say 法国 (fǎguó) for France or 英国 (yīngguó) for England/UK when they mean Germany.
§ Mistake 2: Forgetting the '国' (guó) part
In Chinese, many country names end with '国' (guó), which means 'country' or 'nation'. While sometimes you can drop '国' in very casual speech for some countries (like calling America '美' instead of '美国'), it's best practice, especially when you're starting out, to include '国' for 德国. Saying just '德' by itself usually isn't enough to clearly mean Germany in most contexts.
我来自德国。(Wǒ láizì déguó.) - I am from Germany.
- DEFINITION
- It's always safer to use the full name 德国.
§ Mistake 3: Incorrect Tones
Chinese is a tonal language. This means the way you say the pitch of a word can completely change its meaning. 德国 has specific tones:
德 (dé): Second tone (rising)
国 (guó): Second tone (rising)
If you say 'deguo' with flat tones or the wrong tones, you might be misunderstood. For example, saying 'dèguó' (fourth tone, second tone) might sound very unnatural or even be confused with something else entirely.
§ Mistake 4: Using it for 'German language' or 'German person' without context
Just saying 德国 isn't enough to mean 'German language' or 'German person'. You need to add clarifying words:
To say 'German language': 德语 (déyǔ)
To say 'German person/people': 德国人 (déguórén)
Using just 德国 in these contexts is incorrect. It would be like saying "I speak Germany" instead of "I speak German" in English.
她会说德语。(Tā huì shuō déyǔ.) - She can speak German.
他是德国人。(Tā shì déguórén.) - He is German.
§ Summary: How to get 德国 right
To summarize, here's what you need to remember:
Use 德国 for the country Germany.
Don't forget the '国'.
Master the tones: both are second tone (rising).
Use 德语 for the German language and 德国人 for a German person.
Keep these points in mind, and you'll be using 德国 correctly in no time. It's a common word, so getting it right early on will build a strong foundation for your Chinese studies!
§ What is 德国?
Okay, let's talk about 德国 (déguó). This word is how you say 'Germany' in Chinese. It's pretty straightforward, and you'll hear it a lot.
- DEFINITION
- Germany
You might notice that many country names in Chinese are phonetic approximations, and 德国 is a great example. 'De' sounds a bit like 'Ger' in Germany, and 'guo' means 'country' or 'nation'. So, literally, it's 'De-country'. Easy to remember, right?
§ How to use 德国 in sentences
Let's look at some examples to see how 德国 is used in real sentences. You'll primarily use it as a noun to refer to the country.
他来自德国。
Translation hint: He is from Germany.
德国的汽车很有名。
Translation hint: German cars are very famous.
我将来想去德国旅行。
Translation hint: I want to travel to Germany in the future.
§ Other related terms
While 德国 is the standard, here are a few related terms you might come across, just so you're aware:
德语 (déyǔ): This means 'German language'. Similar to 德国, it uses 'de' for 'German' and 'yǔ' for 'language'. So if you're learning German, you're learning 德语.
德意志 (déyìzhì): This is an older or more formal transliteration of 'Deutschland' (Germany). You won't hear it in everyday conversation as much as 德国, but you might see it in historical contexts or very formal writing. For daily use, stick with 德国.
德 (dé): Sometimes, you'll see just 德 as an abbreviation for Germany, especially in compound words or official names. For example, the '德' in '中德关系' (zhōng-dé guānxì) refers to 'Sino-German relations'. But alone, it's not used to mean the country 'Germany' in general conversation.
§ When to use 德国 (always!)
Okay, listen up. For 99.9% of your conversations and writing, you should use 德国 to say 'Germany'. It's the standard, the most common, and what everyone expects to hear.
There are no real 'alternatives' you need to worry about for simply stating 'Germany' as a country name in daily life. If you're talking about the language, use 德语. If you're talking about a German person, use 德国人.
So, in summary:
Use 德国 (déguó) for the country 'Germany'.
Use 德语 (déyǔ) for the 'German language'.
Use 德国人 (déguórén) for a 'German person'.
Keep it simple, keep it direct. That's how you learn Chinese effectively.
How Formal Is It?
"德意志联邦共和国是欧洲中部的一个国家。"
"我计划明年去德国旅行。"
"德国队昨天赢了比赛。"
"小熊维尼是德国动画片吗？"
Curiosidade
The character '德' (dé) often means 'virtue' or 'morality' in other contexts, but here it's purely phonetic.
Gramática essencial
Country names in Chinese often don't need a classifier when used directly with verbs or in simple sentences.
我去了德国。 (I went to Germany.)
To ask 'Which country?' use '哪个国家?'.
你是哪个国家的人？ (Which country are you from?)
When referring to people from a country, add '人' (rén) after the country name.
他是德国人。 (He is German.)
To say 'in Germany' or 'at Germany', use '在德国'.
他住在德国。 (He lives in Germany.)
When mentioning the language of a country, add '语' (yǔ) or '文' (wén) after the country name (or a shortened version of it). For Germany, it's '德语'.
我会说德语。 (I can speak German.)
Exemplos por nível
我是德国人。
I am German.
她来自德国。
She is from Germany.
德国的首都是柏林。
The capital of Germany is Berlin.
我喜欢德国啤酒。
I like German beer.
他去德国学习。
He went to Germany to study.
德国菜很好吃。
German food is delicious.
他们住在德国。
They live in Germany.
德国是一个美丽的国家。
Germany is a beautiful country.
我来自德国。
I am from Germany.
你喜欢德国啤酒吗？
Do you like German beer?
他想去德国学习。
He wants to go to Germany to study.
德国的首都是柏林。
The capital of Germany is Berlin.
很多德国人喜欢踢足球。
Many Germans like to play soccer.
德国菜很好吃。
German food is delicious.
我们去德国旅行了。
We traveled to Germany.
德国汽车很有名。
German cars are very famous.
我哥哥在德国工作。
My older brother works in Germany.
Structure: Subject + 在 (zài, in/at) + Place + Verb.
德国啤酒很有名。
German beer is very famous.
德国 here acts as an adjective modifying 啤酒 (píjiǔ, beer).
你喜欢德国菜吗？
Do you like German food?
A common way to ask 'do you like...?' is '你喜欢...吗?'
我想去德国旅游。
I want to travel to Germany.
Subject + 想 (xiǎng, want to) + Verb + Object.
德国汽车的质量很好。
The quality of German cars is very good.
Noun + 的 (de) + Noun is a possessive structure. 质量 (zhìliàng) means quality.
她学了三年德语，所以她能和德国人交流。
She studied German for three years, so she can communicate with Germans.
所以 (suǒyǐ, so/therefore) connects two clauses.
我们公司和德国有一家合作公司。
Our company has a partner company in Germany.
合作公司 (hézuò gōngsī) means partner company.
圣诞节的时候，德国有很多漂亮的圣诞市场。
During Christmas, Germany has many beautiful Christmas markets.
的时候 (de shíhou, when/during) is used for time clauses. 圣诞市场 (shèngdàn shìchǎng) means Christmas market.
20世纪90年代柏林墙倒塌后，德国重新统一，对欧洲政治格局产生了深远影响。
After the fall of the Berlin Wall in the 1990s, Germany reunified, profoundly impacting the European political landscape.
Focus on the use of '...后' (hòu) to indicate 'after', and '对...产生深远影响' (duì...chǎnshēng shēnyuǎn yǐngxiǎng) for 'profoundly impacting...'.
德国以其精密的工程技术和高品质的汽车制造闻名全球。
Germany is globally renowned for its precise engineering technology and high-quality automobile manufacturing.
'以...闻名全球' (yǐ...wénmíng quánqiú) means 'globally renowned for...'.
尽管经历了两场世界大战的创伤，德国依然成功地重建并成为欧洲经济的火车头。
Despite the trauma of two world wars, Germany successfully rebuilt and became the engine of the European economy.
'尽管...依然...' (jǐnguǎn...yīrán...) conveys 'despite...still...' or 'although...nevertheless...'. '火车头' (huǒchētóu) can mean 'locomotive' or 'engine/leader' in a figurative sense.
每年秋天，慕尼黑啤酒节吸引着数百万游客涌向德国，体验其独特的文化魅力。
Every autumn, the Oktoberfest in Munich attracts millions of tourists flocking to Germany to experience its unique cultural charm.
'吸引着...' (xīyǐnzhe...) indicates 'attracting...', and '涌向' (yǒngxiàng) means 'flocking towards'.
在欧洲一体化进程中，德国始终扮演着举足轻重的角色，致力于推动区域合作与发展。
In the process of European integration, Germany has always played a pivotal role, committed to promoting regional cooperation and development.
'扮演着举足轻重的角色' (bànyǎnzhe jǔzúqīngzhòng de juésè) means 'playing a pivotal/important role'. '致力于' (zhìlìyú) indicates 'committed to' or 'dedicated to'.
德国的社会福利体系非常完善，为公民提供了从摇篮到坟墓的全方位保障。
Germany's social welfare system is very comprehensive, providing citizens with all-round protection from the cradle to the grave.
'非常完善' (fēicháng wánshàn) means 'very comprehensive/perfect'. '从摇篮到坟墓' (cóng yáolán dào fénmù) is an idiom meaning 'from cradle to grave'.
近年来，德国在可再生能源领域取得了显著进展，成为全球能源转型的重要推动者。
In recent years, Germany has made significant progress in the field of renewable energy, becoming an important driver of global energy transition.
'取得显著进展' (qǔdé xiǎnzhù jìnzhǎn) means 'made significant progress'. '推动者' (tuīdòngzhě) means 'promoter' or 'driver'.
尽管气候条件相对严酷，德国部分地区仍出产优质葡萄酒，彰显其农业多样性。
Despite relatively harsh climatic conditions, some regions in Germany still produce high-quality wine, showcasing its agricultural diversity.
'尽管...仍...' (jǐnguǎn...réng...) indicates 'despite...still...'. '彰显' (zhāngxiǎn) means 'to display' or 'to showcase'.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
我来自德国。
I am from Germany.
你喜欢德国吗？
Do you like Germany?
我想去德国旅行。
I want to travel to Germany.
德国菜很好吃。
German food is delicious.
德国有很多漂亮的城市。
Germany has many beautiful cities.
他在德国工作。
He works in Germany.
德国人很准时。
Germans are very punctual.
德国的冬天很冷。
Winter in Germany is very cold.
你会说德语吗？
Do you speak German?
德国和中国是朋友。
Germany and China are friends.
Como usar
德国 (Déguó) is the standard way to say Germany in Chinese. It's a direct phonetic transcription of 'Deutsch' (German) combined with 国 (guó), meaning 'country'. You'll use this when talking about the country itself, or anything originating from Germany. For example, 德国啤酒 (Déguó píjiǔ) means 'German beer'.
A common mistake for English speakers is to try to translate 'German' directly as an adjective using something like 德语的 (déyǔ de), but this is usually incorrect. When you want to say 'German' as an adjective for nationality or origin, you typically just put 德国 directly before the noun. For example, 'German car' is 德国汽车 (Déguó qìchē), not 德语的汽车. 德语 (déyǔ) specifically refers to the German language.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a 'duh' sound for 'dé' like you're saying 'duh, of course it's Germany!' and 'guó' sounds like 'gwo' which can remind you of 'go' to Germany.
Associação visual
Picture a map of Germany with a big '德' character stamped on it, and for '国', imagine a flag of Germany waving. The '国' character also visually represents a country (a box with a 'jade' inside).
Word Web
Desafio
Try to say where you would like to go if you want to visit Germany. Use '我想去德国' (Wǒ xiǎng qù Déguó). Also, practice saying '我是德国人' (Wǒ shì Déguó rén) if you are German, or '我不是德国人' (Wǒ bù shì Déguó rén) if you are not.
Origem da palavra
音译 (yīnyì) - phonetic transliteration
Significado original: None, as it's a transliteration.
Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)Contexto cultural
The name 德国 (déguó) for Germany is a direct transliteration of the country's name, common for many foreign country names in Chinese. Understanding this helps you see that many countries are named this way, rather than having a descriptive Chinese name.
Teste-se 78 perguntas
Choose the correct country: 我来自___。
The sentence means 'I am from Germany.'
Which country is '德国'?
德国 (déguó) means Germany.
他要去___。
The sentence means 'He is going to Germany.'
德国 means 'France'.
德国 (déguó) means Germany, not France.
她喜欢德国菜。
The sentence means 'She likes German food.'
我们住在德国。
The sentence means 'We live in Germany.'
I go to Germany.
She is German.
Do you like Germany?
Read this aloud:
我爱德国。
Focus: Dé guó
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
我去过德国。
Focus: qù guo
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
德国菜很好吃。
Focus: Dé guó cài
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence means 'He is German'. In Chinese, the subject comes first, then the verb '是' (shì - is/am/are), and then the predicate.
This sentence means 'I go to Germany'. The standard word order is Subject + Verb + Object.
This sentence means 'She likes German food'. The structure is Subject + Verb + Object. '德国菜' (déguó cài) means 'German food'.
This sentence means 'He is German.' The standard Chinese sentence structure is Subject + Verb + Object. Here, '他' (tā - he) is the subject, '是' (shì - is) is the verb, and '德国人' (déguórén - German person) is the object.
This sentence means 'I want to go to Germany.' The structure is Subject + Verb (want) + Verb (go) + Object (Germany). '我' (wǒ - I) is the subject, '想' (xiǎng - want) is the first verb, '去' (qù - go) is the second verb, and '德国' (déguó - Germany) is the destination.
This sentence means 'Germany is very big.' The structure is Subject + Adverb (very) + Adjective (big). '德国' (déguó - Germany) is the subject, '很' (hěn - very) is the adverb, and '大' (dà - big) is the adjective.
她想去 ___ 旅行，因为她喜欢那里的啤酒和香肠。
这句话提到啤酒和香肠，这些是德国的特色。
很多著名的汽车品牌都来自 ___。
德国以其高质量的汽车制造而闻名。
___ 的首都柏林是一个历史悠久的城市。
柏林是德国的首都。
学习 ___ 语言对在德国生活很有帮助。
在德国生活，学习德语是最直接的语言选择。
去年夏天，我去了 ___ 参观了科隆大教堂。
科隆大教堂是德国著名的地标。
他梦想有一天能搬到 ___ 工作和生活。
根据上下文，这里是选择一个国家来工作和生活，德国是可能的选项。
以下哪个国家是欧洲经济的火车头？
德国是欧盟最大的经济体，也是世界第四大经济体，常被称为欧洲经济的火车头。
慕尼黑是德国哪个州的州府？
慕尼黑是德国南部巴伐利亚州的首府和最大城市。
德国著名的工业城市鲁尔区以什么著称？
鲁尔区在历史上以其丰富的煤炭资源和发达的钢铁工业而闻名，是德国重要的工业基地。
德国是世界上人口最多的国家之一。
德国是欧洲人口最多的国家之一，但不是世界上人口最多的国家之一。中国和印度的人口远超德国。
德国的官方语言是德语。
德语是德国的官方语言，也是欧盟内使用最广泛的母语之一。
德国的首都是慕尼黑。
德国的首都是柏林，而不是慕尼黑。慕尼黑是巴伐利亚州的首府。
Listen to the question about German food.
Listen to the statement about German beer.
Listen to the sentence about travel plans to Germany.
Read this aloud:
德国的首都是哪里？
Focus: Dé guó de shǒu dū shì nǎ lǐ?
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
你对德国有什么了解？
Focus: Nǐ duì Dé guó yǒu shén me liǎo jiě?
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我希望有机会去德国学习德语。
Focus: Wǒ xī wàng yǒu jī huì qù Dé guó xué xí Dé yǔ.
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are planning a trip to Germany. Write a short paragraph in Chinese about what you want to see or do there. You can mention specific cities, cultural experiences, or food.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我计划去德国旅行。我想去柏林和慕尼黑，体验当地的文化和历史。我也很想尝尝德国香肠和啤酒。
Write three sentences in Chinese comparing German cars with cars from your own country. Focus on their characteristics or reputation.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
德国汽车以高质量和先进技术闻名。与我们国家的汽车相比，德国汽车通常更注重驾驶性能和豪华感。不过，我们国家的汽车可能更经济实惠。
Your friend is considering studying abroad in Germany. Write an email to them in Chinese, giving them some advice or things to consider.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
你好！听说你想去德国留学，我觉得这是个好主意。德国的教育质量很高，但你可能需要适应他们的生活方式和语言。我建议你提前学习一些德语，这会对你很有帮助。
根据这段文字，以下哪一项不是德国的特点？
Read this passage:
德国是欧洲经济最强大的国家之一，也是欧盟的核心成员。它的制造业，特别是汽车和机械制造，在全球享有盛誉。德国文化也很有特色，拥有丰富的哲学、音乐和文学遗产。许多游客喜欢去德国体验其独特的历史和美丽的自然风光。
根据这段文字，以下哪一项不是德国的特点？
文章中提到德国的制造业，特别是汽车和机械制造，在全球享有盛誉，并没有说它是以服务业为主的国家。
文章中提到德国的制造业，特别是汽车和机械制造，在全球享有盛誉，并没有说它是以服务业为主的国家。
这段文字主要描述了柏林的哪些方面？
Read this passage:
柏林是德国的首都，也是一个充满历史和现代活力的城市。这里有勃兰登堡门、柏林墙遗址等著名景点，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。同时，柏林也是一个文化艺术中心，拥有许多博物馆、画廊和剧院。
这段文字主要描述了柏林的哪些方面？
文章中明确提到了柏林的历史景点（勃兰登堡门、柏林墙遗址）和文化艺术（博物馆、画廊和剧院）。
文章中明确提到了柏林的历史景点（勃兰登堡门、柏林墙遗址）和文化艺术（博物馆、画廊和剧院）。
关于慕尼黑啤酒节，以下哪项描述是错误的？
Read this passage:
每年十月，德国慕尼黑都会举办盛大的啤酒节，吸引了数百万游客。这个节日是巴伐利亚文化的象征，人们在这里尽情享受啤酒、美食和音乐。虽然啤酒节是一个狂欢的场合，但它也展现了德国人严谨和组织有序的一面。
关于慕尼黑啤酒节，以下哪项描述是错误的？
文章中提到啤酒节吸引了来自世界各地的数百万游客，所以“只允许当地人参加”是错误的。
文章中提到啤酒节吸引了来自世界各地的数百万游客，所以“只允许当地人参加”是错误的。
The correct order is: Subject (他) + Prepositional Phrase (在 德国) + Verb (学习) + Duration (了 三年). This structure indicates that he studied in Germany for three years.
The correct order is: Subject (这个 产品) + 是...的 (is...made by). This emphasizes the origin of the product.
The correct order is: Subject (我) + Adverb (一直) + Verb (梦想 着) + Object (去 德国 旅行). This expresses a long-held dream of traveling to Germany.
她决定在___深造，学习先进的汽车制造技术。
根据语境“先进的汽车制造技术”，德国在汽车工业方面非常有名，所以“德国”是最佳答案。
经过多年的努力，这家公司成功地将产品打入了___市场。
题目中没有特定的线索指向哪个国家，但在商业语境下，提及“打入市场”时，经常会提到主要的经济体。德国是一个主要的经济体，符合这个语境。
慕尼黑是___的一个重要城市，以其啤酒节而闻名。
慕尼黑是德国的一个重要城市，并且以啤酒节闻名。
他在___留学期间，对哲学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
德国在哲学领域有深厚的传统和许多著名哲学家，因此在此语境下，“德国”是合理的选择。
___的工业设计一直走在世界前沿，影响着全球的设计趋势。
德国以其卓越的工业设计和工程技术而闻名，常常被视为世界工业设计的领导者之一。
柏林是___的首都，也是一个充满历史和文化气息的城市。
柏林是德国的首都，这是一个基本地理常识。
This sentence means 'Germany is a country in Europe.' The correct order follows the subject-verb-object structure with modifiers.
This sentence translates to 'Germany's industry is very developed.' '德国的' modifies '工业', and '非常发达' describes it.
The sentence means 'I want to go to Germany for travel.' The verb '想去' (want to go) is followed by the destination '德国' and then the purpose '旅游'.
以下哪项不是德国闻名的产品？
德国以其汽车制造、啤酒和各种香肠而闻名。瑞士以手表制造闻名。
德国在欧盟中扮演着怎样的角色？
德国是欧盟最大的经济体，在欧盟的政治和经济决策中拥有举足轻重的影响力。
德国历史上的哪一时期对现代欧洲的格局产生了深远影响？
两次世界大战以及战后的分裂与统一，对德国自身和整个欧洲的政治、经济、社会格局产生了极其深远的影响。
德国的首都是柏林。
柏林是德国的首都，也是德国最大的城市。
德国的官方语言是法语。
德国的官方语言是德语。
德国以其高效的公共交通系统而闻名。
德国拥有非常发达和高效的公共交通网络，包括铁路、地铁、有轨电车和公交车。
Focus on understanding the nuanced challenges Germany faces.
Grasp the historical and geopolitical significance.
Identify the impact of Germany's federal structure.
Read this aloud:
阐述德国汽车工业在全球经济中的地位及其面临的转型压力。
Focus: 阐述 (chǎnshù), 转型 (zhuǎnxíng)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
分析德国社会在接纳多元文化方面所取得的进展与遇到的阻力。
Focus: 接纳 (jiēnà), 阻力 (zǔlì)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
讨论德国在欧盟内部所扮演的角色及其对欧洲一体化进程的影响。
Focus: 扮演 (bànyǎn), 一体化 (yītǐhuà)
Você disse:
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/ 78 correct
Perfect score!
Exemplo
他会说德语。
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