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A2 noun 9分钟阅读

henkilö

例句 henkilö 30秒了解
解析 henkilö in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners encounter 'henkilö' primarily as a noun for 'person'. It is used in very basic sentences to identify someone or to count people in simple scenarios like restaurant bookings or identifying family members in a formal way. At this stage, the focus is on the nominative 'henkilö' and the partitive 'henkilöä' used with numbers. Learners should understand that this word is the standard way to answer the question 'How many people?'. It is also the foundation for learning compound words like 'henkilöauto' (car), which is a common vocabulary item early on. The goal is to recognize the word in text and use it in basic 'minä olen...' or 'hän on...' structures when a more formal tone than 'ihminen' is needed. It helps in understanding basic forms and signs in public places. The word is quite easy to pronounce and remember because it doesn't have complex consonant changes. A1 students should practice saying 'yksi henkilö' and 'kaksi henkilöä' to master the partitive rule early. They will also see it in basic identity contexts, like on a student card or a simple form. It's a 'building block' word that appears everywhere in Finland, making it essential for survival Finnish.
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For A2 learners, 'henkilö' becomes more versatile. You start using it to describe people's characteristics using the essive case 'henkilönä' (as a person). For example, 'Hän on mukava henkilönä'. You also begin to see the word in more complex surroundings, such as descriptions of characters in short stories or news snippets. A2 learners should be comfortable with basic declension: 'henkilön' (genitive), 'henkilöä' (partitive), and 'henkilöt' (plural). You will also encounter it in work-related vocabulary, like 'henkilökunta' (staff). At this level, you start to distinguish between 'henkilö' and 'ihminen' more clearly, using 'henkilö' for official purposes and 'ihminen' for personal ones. You might also learn common compounds like 'yhteyshenkilö' (contact person). Understanding the use of 'henkilö' in the context of services—like 'kuinka monelle henkilölle?'—is a key skill. You also start to recognize the word in public safety signs and instructions. It's about moving from just 'naming' a person to 'describing' and 'categorizing' them in a social or functional context. Learners at this level should also be able to use the word in the plural partitive 'henkilöitä' when talking about an indefinite group.
At the B1 level, the learner uses 'henkilö' with more precision and in a wider range of grammatical cases. You'll use it in the inessive 'henkilössä' to describe traits or the elative 'henkilöstä' to talk about someone. B1 learners are expected to understand the word's role in professional and administrative Finnish. This includes terms like 'henkilötiedot' (personal data) and 'henkilöllisyystodistus' (ID). You will hear it in media reports where the identity of a person is discussed objectively. In writing, you might use it to refer back to someone you've mentioned in a more formal essay. The distinction between 'henkilö' and 'yksilö' (individual) becomes important here. You also start to use the word in more abstract ways, such as 'henkilökohtainen' (personal) or 'henkilöityä' (to be personified). B1 is where you truly start to sound like a fluent speaker by choosing 'henkilö' over 'ihminen' in the right professional contexts. You should be able to follow a discussion about 'henkilöstöpolitiikka' (personnel policy) or 'henkilöarviointi' (personnel assessment). The word becomes a tool for professional communication. You also learn to use it in more complex sentence structures, like 'Hän on henkilö, johon voi luottaa' (He/she is a person who can be trusted).
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B2 learners should have a sophisticated grasp of 'henkilö'. You understand the legal and socio-political nuances of the word. For instance, the difference between 'luonnollinen henkilö' (natural person) and 'oikeushenkilö' (legal entity) in business Finnish. You can use 'henkilö' in nuanced ways in debates, such as discussing 'henkilöpalvonta' (personality cult) or 'henkilökuvaus' (characterization). Your vocabulary includes many specific compounds like 'vastuuhenkilö' (person in charge) or 'tukihenkilö' (support person), and you use them correctly in context. You are comfortable with all case forms, including the less common ones like the abessive 'henkilöttä' (without a person). You can analyze how a 'henkilö' is portrayed in literature or film. At this level, you also recognize the word in historical or philosophical texts where it might represent the concept of 'the self' or 'the individual' in society. You can switch between 'henkilö', 'ihminen', 'tyyppi', and 'yksilö' effortlessly to match the register of the conversation. You understand the power of 'henkilö' in forming professional identity and can write formal reports or applications using the word and its derivatives correctly.
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C1 learners use 'henkilö' as a precision instrument. You understand the subtle differences in meaning when it is used in academic or legal contexts. You can discuss complex topics like 'henkilötietolaki' (Personal Data Act) or 'henkilöstöhallinto' (HR management) with ease. Your use of the word in its various forms is flawless. You can appreciate the stylistic choice of using 'henkilö' in literature to create distance or a specific narrative voice. You are familiar with idiomatic expressions and rare compounds. You can handle situations where the word is used in highly specialized fields, such as 'henkilöarviointi' in psychology or 'henkilöhistoria' in historical research. At this level, you might use the word to discuss the 'henkilöityminen' of political movements or brands. You can write high-level academic or professional texts where 'henkilö' is used to maintain an objective, analytical tone. You also understand the cultural history of the word and its relationship to the root 'henki'. You can debate the ethics of 'henkilörekisterit' (person registers) and privacy. The word is no longer just a noun; it's a concept that you can manipulate to express complex ideas about identity, law, and society.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like or even scholarly command of 'henkilö'. You can explore the deepest etymological roots and philosophical implications of the word. You understand how the transition from 'henki' (spirit) to 'henkilö' (person) reflects the modernization of the Finnish language and society. You can interpret and produce complex legal, philosophical, or poetic texts where 'henkilö' is a central theme. You are aware of the most obscure compounds and the finest nuances between synonyms in any possible context. You can use 'henkilö' to create specific rhetorical effects in public speaking or creative writing. You are a master of the register, knowing exactly when 'henkilö' provides the necessary formality and when it might be too sterile. You can critique the use of the word in different historical periods of Finnish literature. Your understanding is so deep that you can play with the word, using it in puns or high-level irony. You are fully conversant in the 'henkilö' vs 'persoona' debate in Finnish philosophy. Essentially, the word is a fully integrated part of your vast linguistic repertoire, used with total confidence and subtle artistry.
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例句

henkilö 30秒了解

  • A neutral word for 'person'.
  • Used for formal counting (e.g., in restaurants).
  • Essential for professional and legal contexts.
  • Forms many common compounds like 'staff' or 'ID'.
The Finnish word henkilö is a fundamental noun that translates to 'person' in English. While it shares some semantic space with the word ihminen (human/human being), henkilö is often more specific, formal, or administrative in its application. In everyday Finnish, you will encounter this word in contexts ranging from booking a table at a restaurant to filling out complex legal documents. It functions as a neutral way to refer to an individual, regardless of their gender, age, or social status.
Grammatical Essence
The word is a standard -ö ending noun. It follows the regular declension patterns of Finnish nouns, though it does not undergo consonant gradation because there are no stops (k, p, t) in the stem to weaken. This makes it a relatively 'safe' word for beginners to decline in various cases like the partitive (henkilöä) or the genitive (henkilön).

Pöytä on varattu neljälle henkilölle.

In professional environments, henkilö is the building block for many compound words. For instance, henkilökunta means 'staff' or 'personnel', and henkilötiedot refers to 'personal data'. Using this word correctly signals a level of linguistic maturity, as it moves the speaker away from the more generic 'ihminen' toward a more precise, context-aware vocabulary.
Sociolinguistic Nuance
Finns often use 'henkilö' to create a sense of professional distance or objectivity. If a news report mentions a 'henkilö', it focuses on the individual as a unit of society or a subject of an event, whereas 'ihminen' might evoke more empathy or biological focus.

Etsimme sopivaa henkilöä tähän tehtävään.

Understanding the breadth of this word involves recognizing its role in identity. The term henkilöllisyys (identity) is derived directly from it. When a police officer asks for your 'henkilöllisyystodistus', they are asking for proof of your 'personhood' in the eyes of the law. This deep connection between the word and the concept of formal identity is a key pillar of Finnish administrative language.
Compound Power
The word is incredibly versatile in compounds. 'Yhteyshenkilö' (contact person), 'tukihenkilö' (support person), and 'vastuuhenkilö' (person in charge) are all essential terms in work and social services.

Hän on erittäin tärkeä henkilö yrityksessämme.

Using henkilö in sentences requires an understanding of Finnish case endings, but the word itself is quite stable. Because it ends in a vowel, you simply add the suffixes directly to the stem. For example, the partitive singular is henkilöä, which is used after numbers (except one) and in negative sentences. 'Kaksi henkilöä' (two people) is a classic example.
The Partitive Case
In Finnish, numbers require the partitive singular. Therefore, 'five people' becomes 'viisi henkilöä'. If you are talking about an indefinite amount, you also use the partitive: 'Talossa oli henkilöitä' (There were [some] people in the house).

Paikalla oli kymmenen henkilöä.

When describing a person, henkilö often acts as the subject or object. 'Tämä henkilö tietää vastauksen' (This person knows the answer). Here, 'henkilö' is in the nominative. If the person is the target of an action, we use the genitive-accusative or partitive: 'Tunnen tuon henkilön' (I know that person).
The Genitive and Possession
The genitive form 'henkilön' is used to show possession or in connection with postpositions. 'Henkilön nimi' (The person's name) or 'Henkilön mukaan' (According to the person).

Jokaisen henkilön täytyy allekirjoittaa tämä.

Another common usage is the essive case henkilönä, which translates to 'as a person'. This is frequently used in job interviews or psychological contexts. 'Henkilönä hän on hyvin rauhallinen' (As a person, he/she is very calm). This highlights the individual's character traits.
The Inessive and Elative
While less common than 'ihmisessä', you can use 'henkilössä' to mean 'in a person' (referring to a quality). 'Arvostan tätä piirrettä tässä henkilössä' (I appreciate this trait in this person).

Millaisena henkilönä pidät häntä?

You will hear henkilö in almost every formal or semi-formal interaction in Finland. At the supermarket, if there is a problem at the self-checkout, the screen might say 'Odotetaan henkilökuntaa' (Waiting for staff), which uses the collective form of the word. In the news, broadcasters use it to maintain a neutral tone when reporting on events involving individuals whose names might not yet be public.
In the Workplace
In office culture, 'henkilö' is ubiquitous. You'll hear about 'yhteyshenkilöt' (contact persons) for projects or 'avainhenkilöt' (key persons) in a company's hierarchy. It is the standard professional way to refer to someone when 'työntekijä' (employee) might be too specific or 'ihminen' too informal.

Kuka on tämän projektin vastuuhenkilö?

Travel and hospitality are other major areas where the word dominates. Whether you are booking a flight, a hotel room, or a ferry trip to Tallinn, you will select the number of 'henkilöä'. On public transport, signs might refer to the 'henkilömäärä' (number of persons) allowed in an elevator or a specific area.
Public Safety and Announcements
During emergency announcements or safety briefings, 'henkilö' is used to ensure clarity. 'Kaikkien henkilöiden on poistuttava rakennuksesta' (All persons must leave the building). It sounds more authoritative and inclusive than other alternatives.

Hissi on tarkoitettu enintään kahdeksalle henkilölle.

Finally, in the world of literature and media, a 'henkilö' can refer to a character in a book or a play, often termed 'fiktiivinen henkilö' or 'roolihenkilö'. This usage highlights the 'persona' aspect of the word, focusing on the constructed identity of the individual within a story.
Media and Arts
Critics might discuss a 'henkilökuva' (a portrait or profile of a person), analyzing how a specific individual is portrayed in a biography or a documentary.

Kirjan päähenkilö on nuori nainen.

The most frequent mistake learners make is confusing henkilö with ihminen. While they both mean 'person' or 'human', they are not always interchangeable. Using 'ihminen' in a formal reservation sounds slightly 'off' or overly biological, while using 'henkilö' in a deeply emotional or philosophical context might sound too cold or clinical.
The 'Number' Trap
Learners often forget to use the partitive singular after numbers. They might say 'kaksi henkilö' instead of the correct 'kaksi henkilöä'. Remember that in Finnish, any number other than one triggers the partitive singular for the noun that follows.

VÄÄRIN: Ryhmässä on kolme henkilö. OIKEIN: Ryhmässä on kolme henkilöä.

Declension errors are also common, specifically with the plural partitive. The plural partitive of 'henkilö' is henkilöitä. Beginners might try to say 'henkilöjä', which is incorrect. The '-ö' ending nouns typically take '-itä' in the plural partitive.
Plural Confusion
Distinguishing between 'henkilöt' (nominative plural - the people) and 'henkilöitä' (partitive plural - some people) is crucial. Use 'henkilöt' for a specific group and 'henkilöitä' for an unspecified number or in negative statements.

Kadulla oli paljon henkilöitä (correct partitive plural).

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with compound words. In Finnish, you must join the words together. Writing 'henkilö auto' is a mistake; it must be 'henkilöauto' (passenger car). Similarly, 'yhteys henkilö' should be 'yhteyshenkilö'. Finnish is very strict about compound nouns being written as a single word.
Compound Writing
When 'henkilö' is the first part of a compound, it often stays in the nominative form. When it's the second part, it determines the case of the whole word.

Tarvitsen uuden henkilöauton.

Understanding the synonyms of henkilö helps you navigate different social settings. The most common alternative is ihminen, which is more warm and general. Then there is yksilö, which is very technical and refers to an 'individual' as a distinct unit from a group. In slang or very informal speech, you will hear tyyppi, which is like 'guy', 'gal', or 'person'.
Henkilö vs. Ihminen
'Henkilö' is the administrative unit; 'Ihminen' is the biological and emotional being. You book for 2 'henkilöä', but you say 'Olet hyvä ihminen' (You are a good human).

Hän on mukava tyyppi.

For specific roles, Finnish uses suffixes or more targeted nouns. Instead of saying 'the person who lives here', you say asukas (resident). Instead of 'the person who works here', you say työntekijä (employee). Using these specific terms makes your Finnish sound much more natural and precise.
Henkilö vs. Kansalainen
'Kansalainen' means 'citizen'. Use this in political contexts or when discussing rights and duties within a state. 'Henkilö' is more neutral and doesn't imply citizenship.

Kaikki osallistujat saavat todistuksen.

There is also the word henki, which is the root of henkilö. While 'henki' means spirit or breath, it is also used to count people in specific phrases, particularly when life is at stake. For example, 'onnettomuudessa kuoli viisi henkeä' (five people/lives were lost in the accident). This usage is very specific to situations involving life and death or headcount in a more visceral sense.
Henkilö vs. Persoona
'Persoona' refers to someone's character or a 'big personality'. 'Hän on suuri persoona' means they have a strong character. 'Henkilö' is just the individual entity.

Hän on mielenkiintoinen persoona.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Hän on kiva henkilö.

He/she is a nice person.

Nominative case, simple subject-complement structure.

2

Kuka tämä henkilö on?

Who is this person?

Interrogative sentence with the nominative form.

3

Pöytä kahdelle henkilölle, kiitos.

A table for two people, please.

Allative case (henkilölle) used for 'for someone'.

4

Tämä henkilö on opettaja.

This person is a teacher.

Demonstrative 'tämä' matches the nominative 'henkilö'.

5

Etsin yhtä henkilöä.

I am looking for one person.

Partitive case (henkilöä) used as the object of the verb 'etsiä'.

6

Hän on tärkeä henkilö minulle.

He/she is an important person to me.

Adjective 'tärkeä' modifies the nominative 'henkilö'.

7

Ryhmässä on viisi henkilöä.

There are five people in the group.

Partitive singular used after the number 'viisi'.

8

Tämä henkilö ei asu täällä.

This person does not live here.

Negative sentence with a nominative subject.

1

Hän on erittäin ystävällinen henkilönä.

He/she is very friendly as a person.

Essive case (henkilönä) meaning 'as a person' or 'by nature'.

2

Tunnistatko tämän henkilön?

Do you recognize this person?

Genitive-accusative (henkilön) as the object of a completed action.

3

Henkilökunta auttaa sinua mielellään.

The staff will be happy to help you.

Compound word 'henkilökunta' meaning personnel/staff.

4

Hän on uusi henkilö meidän tiimissä.

He/she is a new person in our team.

Nominative case in a descriptive sentence.

5

Montako henkilöä autossa on?

How many people are in the car?

Interrogative 'montako' requires the partitive singular.

6

Etsimme sopivaa henkilöä tähän työhön.

We are looking for a suitable person for this job.

Partitive case used for an ongoing process of searching.

7

Kaikki henkilöt ovat saapuneet.

All the people have arrived.

Nominative plural 'henkilöt' for a specific, known group.

8

Hän on hiljainen henkilö.

He/she is a quiet person.

Simple adjective-noun pair in the nominative.

1

Henkilötiedot on tarkistettava huolellisesti.

Personal data must be checked carefully.

Compound 'henkilötiedot' (personal data) in the nominative plural.

2

Hän on henkilö, johon voi aina luottaa.

He/she is a person who can always be trusted.

Relative clause starting with 'johon'.

3

Henkilökohtainen apu on tärkeää.

Personal assistance is important.

Adjective 'henkilökohtainen' derived from the noun.

4

Kuka on projektin yhteyshenkilö?

Who is the contact person for the project?

Compound 'yhteyshenkilö' (contact person).

5

Hänestä tuli hyvin vaikutusvaltainen henkilö.

He/she became a very influential person.

Nominative case after the verb 'tulla' (to become).

6

Poliisi pyysi henkilöllisyystodistusta.

The police asked for an ID.

Compound 'henkilöllisyystodistus' (identity certificate).

7

Hän on mielenkiintoinen henkilö historiassa.

He/she is an interesting person in history.

Inessive case 'historiassa' modifying the noun.

8

Arvostan häntä suurena henkilönä.

I respect him/her as a great person.

Essive case 'henkilönä' combined with an adjective.

1

Yhtiö on erillinen oikeushenkilö.

The company is a separate legal entity.

Legal term 'oikeushenkilö' (juridical person).

2

Tämä on täysin henkilökohtainen kysymys.

This is a completely personal question.

Adjective 'henkilökohtainen' modifying 'kysymys'.

3

Henkilöstöpolitiikka kaipaa uudistusta.

The personnel policy needs a reform.

Compound 'henkilöstöpolitiikka' (HR policy).

4

Hän on tunnettu julkisuuden henkilö.

He/she is a well-known public figure.

Phrase 'julkisuuden henkilö' (person of the public/celebrity).

5

Kirjan päähenkilö kehittyy tarinan aikana.

The main character of the book develops during the story.

Compound 'päähenkilö' (protagonist/main character).

6

Hän on henkilöitynyt tähän aatteeseen.

He/she has become personified with this ideology.

Verb 'henkilöityä' (to be personified/embodied).

7

Vastuuhenkilön on allekirjoitettava raportti.

The person in charge must sign the report.

Genitive form 'vastuuhenkilön' as the subject of a 'täytyy/on' structure.

8

Henkilöarviointi tehtiin rekrytoinnin yhteydessä.

A personnel assessment was done during recruitment.

Compound 'henkilöarviointi' (personnel assessment).

1

Laki suojaa luonnollisen henkilön yksityisyyttä.

The law protects the privacy of a natural person.

Legal term 'luonnollinen henkilö' (natural person).

2

Henkilökuva oli syvällinen ja moniulotteinen.

The character portrait was deep and multi-dimensional.

Compound 'henkilökuva' (biographical portrait/profile).

3

Hän on yksi merkittävimmistä henkilöistä alallaan.

He/she is one of the most significant people in their field.

Elative plural 'henkilöistä' after 'yksi' (one of...).

4

Henkilöstöhallinto vastaa työntekijöiden hyvinvoinnista.

HR management is responsible for the well-being of employees.

Compound 'henkilöstöhallinto' (HR administration).

5

Poliittinen liike henkilöityy vahvasti puheenjohtajaan.

The political movement is strongly personified in the chairperson.

Passive-like usage of the reflexive verb 'henkilöityä'.

6

Henkilörekisterin pitäminen vaatii tarkkuutta.

Maintaining a person register requires precision.

Compound 'henkilörekisteri' (personal data register).

7

Hän on karismaattinen henkilö, joka valloittaa huoneen.

He/she is a charismatic person who conquers the room.

Adjective 'karismaattinen' and relative clause.

8

Henkilökohtainen vapaus on perusoikeus.

Personal freedom is a fundamental right.

Abstract noun phrase in the nominative.

1

Henkilöityminen on keskeinen teema modernissa politiikassa.

Personification is a central theme in modern politics.

Verbal noun 'henkilöityminen' (the act of personifying).

2

Hän on fiktiivinen henkilö, jolla on todellinen esikuva.

He/she is a fictional character who has a real-life role model.

Adjective 'fiktiivinen' and adessive structure 'jolla on'.

3

Henkilöarvioinnin eettiset kysymykset ovat puhuttaneet.

The ethical questions of personnel assessment have caused discussion.

Genitive compound as the subject of a perfect tense verb.

4

Henkilöhistoriallinen tutkimus valottaa aikakautta.

Biographical research sheds light on the era.

Compound adjective 'henkilöhistoriallinen' (biographical-historical).

5

Oikeushenkilöllisyys antaa yritykselle tiettyjä oikeuksia.

Legal personhood gives a company certain rights.

Complex noun 'oikeushenkilöllisyys' (legal personality/status).

6

Henkilökohtaisuus voi olla sekä vahvuus että heikkous.

Personalness/Subjectivity can be both a strength and a weakness.

Abstract noun 'henkilökohtaisuus' (the quality of being personal).

7

Hän on henkilö, jonka elämäntyö on vertaansa vailla.

He/she is a person whose life's work is beyond compare.

Relative pronoun 'jonka' in the genitive.

8

Henkilöitymä on usein voimakkaampi kuin itse aate.

The personification is often stronger than the ideology itself.

Noun 'henkilöitymä' (personification/embodiment).

近义词

ihminen yksilö tyyppi kansalainen asukas osallistuja sielu persoona

反义词

esine asia eläin ryhmä

常见搭配

kolme henkilöä
tuntematon henkilö
vastuuhenkilö
yhteyshenkilö
yksityishenkilö
oikeushenkilö
henkilökohtainen
henkilökunta
henkilötunnus
henkilöllisyystodistus

常用短语

henkilö kerrallaan

— One person at a time. Used in instructions for queues or limited spaces.

Olkaa hyvä ja astukaa sisään yksi henkilö kerrallaan.

henkilöstä riippumatta

— Regardless of the person. Used to express impartiality or universal rules.

Säännöt ovat samat kaikille henkilöstä riippumatta.

julkisuuden henkilö

— A public figure or celebrity. Used in media and journalism.

Hän on tunnettu julkisuuden henkilö Suomessa.

henkilön mukaan

— According to the person. Used when citing someone's words or actions.

Silminnäkijän mukaan henkilö poistui paikalta nopeasti.

henkilöä kohden

— Per person. Used in statistics, pricing, or distribution.

Lipun hinta on kymmenen euroa henkilöä kohden.

sopiva henkilö

— A suitable person. Common in recruitment and job advertisements.

Etsimme sopivaa henkilöä tähän vaativaan tehtävään.

avainhenkilö

— Key person. Used in business to describe essential employees.

Hän on yksi yrityksemme tärkeimmistä avainhenkilöistä.

tukihenkilö

— Support person. Used in social services or personal assistance.

Jokaisella nuorella on oikeus tukihenkilöön.

henkilökuva

— A profile or portrait. Used in media for biographical sketches.

Lehdessä oli hieno henkilökuva presidentistä.

henkilönä

— As a person. Used to describe character traits or individual nature.

Hän on henkilönä erittäin rauhallinen ja luotettava.

习语与表达

"henkilöityä johonkin"

— To be the embodiment or personification of something.

Koko liike henkilöityy sen perustajaan.

formal
"olla oma henkilönsä"

— To be one's own person, independent and unique.

Hän haluaa olla täysin oma henkilönsä.

neutral
"henkilökohtainen kemia"

— Personal chemistry, the rapport between people.

Heidän välillään on hyv

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