هذه الصفحة بلغتك

English

فارسی

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B2 verb #6,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 6 دقيقة للقراءة

훼손하다

hwesonhada الأكثر شيوعاً #6,500

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 훼손하다 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 훼손하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to know '훼손하다'. Instead, you use '나쁘다' (bad) or '아파요' (it hurts/is broken). You might say '산이 아파요' (the mountain is hurting) to mean it's damaged. This word is much too difficult for beginners because it uses complex Chinese characters and is usually found in formal writing, not in simple everyday talk about friends or food.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you might start seeing this word on signs in parks or museums. You learn that '훼손하다' means 'to break something special.' You should know that it's different from '고장나다' (which is for machines like TVs or cars). If you see '훼손 금지' on a sign, it means 'Do not damage.' It's a formal way to say 'Don't touch or break.'

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

By B1, you are learning more formal Korean. You understand that '훼손하다' is used for the environment. You can use it in a sentence like '자연을 훼손하면 안 돼요' (You shouldn't damage nature). You are starting to see that this word isn't just for physical things, but also for feelings or reputations, though you probably still use '기분이 나쁘다' for feelings.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level (Upper Intermediate), you must master this word. You should use '훼손하다' when discussing social issues, environmental problems, or legal topics. You know the difference between active '훼손하다' and passive '훼손되다.' You can talk about '명예훼손' (defamation) and understand news reports about '문화재 훼손' (damage to cultural heritage). This is a key word for expressing complex opinions.

At the C1 level, you use '훼손하다' with nuance. You apply it to philosophical or abstract concepts like '인간의 존엄성을 훼손하다' (to damage human dignity) or '민주주의의 가치를 훼손하다' (to damage the values of democracy). You can distinguish it from synonyms like '침해하다' (to infringe) or '모독하다' (to insult/profane). You use it fluently in academic essays.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of the word's etymology and legal implications. You understand how '훼손하다' fits into historical texts and high-level legal discourse. You can discuss the '훼손' of linguistic purity or the subtle '훼손' of a brand's long-term equity. You recognize the word in classical literature and can use it to describe the erosion of traditional values over centuries.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

훼손하다 في 30 ثانية

A formal verb meaning to damage or impair something of value, such as nature or reputation.
Used in legal contexts for defamation (명예훼손) and environmental contexts for ecological harm.
Differs from 'break' (고장나다/부수다) by focusing on the loss of integrity or status.
Essential for discussing cultural heritage, ethics, and social issues in Korean.

The Korean verb 훼손하다 (hweson-hada) is a sophisticated term primarily used in formal, legal, or environmental contexts to describe the act of damaging, spoiling, or diminishing the value of something. While everyday words like '망가뜨리다' (to break/spoil) or '부수다' (to smash) focus on the physical act of destruction, 훼손하다 carries a weightier connotation, often implying a loss of integrity, sanctity, or inherent value. It is a Sino-Korean word composed of 훼 (毁 - to destroy/slander) and 손 (損 - to lose/damage), which gives it a dual utility: it can describe physical damage to precious objects and natural sites, or abstract damage to intangible assets like a person's reputation or the dignity of an institution.

Physical Context: This word is frequently used when discussing the environment or cultural heritage. For example, if someone spray-paints a historical monument or if a construction project destroys a forest, the verb 훼손하다 is used to emphasize that something of historical or natural significance has been harmed.
Abstract Context: In the realm of law and social interaction, 훼손하다 is the standard term for defamation or harming one's honor. '명예훼손' (defamation of character) is a common legal term in Korea. It suggests that the victim's social standing or 'value' as a person has been intentionally diminished by the actions of another.

관광객들이 문화재를 훼손하는 행위는 엄격히 금지되어 있습니다. (The act of tourists damaging cultural properties is strictly prohibited.)

In contemporary Korean society, you will encounter this word most often in news reports regarding environmental protection or legal battles involving public figures. When a celebrity sues a netizen for malicious comments, the charge is almost always '명예훼손' (reputation damage). Similarly, when discussing climate change, activists will talk about how human activity is 훼손하고 있다 (is damaging) the ecosystem. It is a word that demands respect for the object being discussed; you wouldn't typically use it for breaking a cheap pencil, but you would use it for damaging an ancient scroll or a person's hard-earned trust.

Using 훼손하다 correctly requires understanding its object-verb relationship. Since it is a transitive verb, it always takes an object marked by the particles 을 or 를. The objects are usually high-value items or abstract concepts. To describe the state of being damaged, you would use the passive form, 훼손되다.

Grammar Pattern: Object + 을/를 + 훼손하다: This is the active form where an agent causes damage. Example: '그들은 산림을 훼손했다' (They damaged the forest).
Grammar Pattern: Subject + 이/가 + 훼손되다: This is the passive form where the subject is the thing that was damaged. Example: '문화재가 심하게 훼손되었다' (The cultural property was severely damaged).

거짓 소문은 그의 명예를 심각하게 훼손했습니다. (False rumors seriously damaged his reputation.)

When constructing sentences, consider the 'value' of the object. Common objects include:
1. **Environment:** 자연 (nature), 산림 (forest), 생태계 (ecosystem).
2. **Heritage:** 문화재 (cultural property), 유적 (relics), 국보 (national treasure).
3. **Abstracts:** 명예 (honor/reputation), 존엄성 (dignity), 가치 (value), 이미지 (image).
4. **Documents:** 문서 (document), 증거 (evidence). Using 훼손하다 with these words elevates your speech from basic to intermediate/advanced proficiency.

무분별한 개발은 자연 경관을 훼손할 수 있습니다. (Indiscriminate development can damage the natural landscape.)

You are most likely to encounter 훼손하다 in professional, academic, or media-driven environments. It is not a word commonly used by children or in very casual daily conversations unless the topic is serious. Here are the primary domains where it appears:

The Evening News (보도): News anchors use this word daily. Whether it's a report on a fire at a temple, a politician's scandal damaging their party's image, or a factory polluting a river, 훼손하다 is the go-to verb for describing the resulting harm.
Legal Dramas and Courts (법정): In K-dramas involving lawyers, you will constantly hear '명예훼손죄' (the crime of defamation). Characters will argue about whether a statement was intended to 훼손 (damage) someone's standing.
Museums and Parks (안내문): Signs in national parks or historical sites will read: '시설물을 훼손하지 마시오' (Do not damage the facilities). This sounds much more authoritative and official than '부수지 마세요' (Don't break it).

이번 사건으로 인해 국가의 위신이 크게 훼손되었습니다. (Due to this incident, the nation's prestige has been greatly damaged.)

If you are reading a Korean newspaper (like the Chosun Ilbo or JoongAng Ilbo), search for the Hanja '毁損'. You will see it in headlines regarding the stock market (value damage), environmental legislation, and human rights. It is a key vocabulary word for anyone aiming to pass the TOPIK II (Test of Proficiency in Korean) at Level 4 or higher.

Learners often confuse 훼손하다 with more common verbs related to breaking or damaging. Understanding the nuance is key to sounding natural.

Confusing with '고장 내다' (To break a machine): If your phone stops working, you use '고장 났다.' You do NOT say your phone is '훼손되었다' unless you are talking about the physical body of the phone being mutilated or its value as a relic being destroyed.
Confusing with '망가뜨리다' (To spoil/break): '망가뜨리다' is used for toys, plans, or general items. '훼손하다' is for things with higher 'status' (like nature or honor). Using 훼손하다 for a broken toy sounds overly dramatic or even humorous.

Wrong: 장난감을 훼손했어요. (I damaged the toy - sounds too formal).
Correct: 장난감을 망가뜨렸어요.

Another mistake is forgetting the abstract usage. Many learners only associate it with physical damage and miss opportunities to use it for 'reputation' or 'dignity.' Remember: 훼손 is the standard word for 'defamation' (명예훼손).

Depending on the level of damage and the object, you might want to use these alternatives to 훼손하다:

파괴하다 (To Destroy): Stronger than 훼손하다. It implies total destruction or demolition. While 훼손하다 might mean scratching a wall, 파괴하다 means tearing the whole building down.
손상시키다 (To Damage/Impair): Very similar and often interchangeable, but '손상' is often used for physical health (장기 손상 - organ damage) or functional impairment.
해치다 (To Harm): Often used for health or atmosphere. '건강을 해치다' (to harm health) or '분위기를 해치다' (to spoil the mood).

훼손 (Damage/Spoil) vs. 파괴 (Total Destruction) vs. 손상 (Functional Impairment).

In summary, use 훼손하다 when the focus is on the loss of value or integrity of something significant. Use 파괴하다 for violent destruction, and 손상시키다 for functional or physical wear and tear.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The first character '훼' (毁) is also the root for 'slander' in ancient texts, explaining why the word is so perfectly suited for both physical damage and defamation of character.

دليل النطق

UK hwe-son-ha-da

US hwe-son-ha-da

In Korean, stress is generally even, but a slight emphasis can be placed on the first syllable '훼'.

يتقافى مع

보존하다 (bojon-hada) 의존하다 (uijon-hada) 현존하다 (hyeonjon-hada) 겸손하다 (gyeomson-hada) 공손하다 (gongson-hada) 생존하다 (saengjon-hada) 실존하다 (siljon-hada) 존중하다 (jonjung-hada)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'hwe' as 'he' (dropping the 'w').
Pronouncing 'son' like the English 'son' (sun) - it should be closer to 's-own' but shorter.
Mumbling the 'ha-da' ending.
Confusing the 'h' sound with 'f' (though rare in Korean).
Incorrectly tensing the 's' in 'son'.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 4/5

Common in newspapers and formal signs, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

الكتابة 5/5

Requires correct particle usage and context-heavy noun pairings.

التحدث 4/5

Used in debates or serious discussions; sounds very professional.

الاستماع 4/5

Frequently heard in news broadcasts and dramas.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

나쁘다 부수다 망가지다 자연 이름

تعلّم لاحقاً

침해하다 모독하다 왜곡하다 복구하다 보존하다

متقدم

불가역적 (Irreversible) 원형 보존 (Preservation of original form) 징벌적 손해배상 (Punitive damages)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Passive Construction (-되다)

문화재가 훼손되었다. (The cultural property was damaged.)

Causative Construction (-시키다)

그는 회사의 명예를 훼손시켰다. (He caused damage to the company's reputation.)

Negative Command (-지 마시오)

훼손하지 마시오. (Do not damage.)

Conditional (-면)

자연을 훼손하면 벌금을 냅니다. (If you damage nature, you pay a fine.)

Noun Modification (-는/은)

훼손된 증거를 찾았다. (I found the damaged evidence.)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

꽃을 훼손하지 마세요.

Please do not damage the flowers.

Simple command form -지 마세요.

책이 훼손되었어요.

The book was damaged.

Passive past tense -되었어요.

누가 벽을 훼손했어요?

Who damaged the wall?

Subject marker '누가' (who).

나무를 훼손하면 안 됩니다.

You must not damage the trees.

Conditional -면 안 됩니다 (must not).

그림을 훼손하지 마십시오.

Please do not damage the painting.

Formal command -지 마십시오.

공원의 의자가 훼손됐어요.

The park bench was damaged.

Abbreviated passive -됐어요.

이것은 훼손하기 쉬워요.

This is easy to damage.

Adjective form -기 쉽다 (easy to...).

훼손된 물건을 고쳤어요.

I fixed the damaged item.

Modifier form 훼손된 (damaged).

문화재를 훼손하면 벌금을 냅니다.

If you damage cultural property, you pay a fine.

Condition and result.

자연 경관을 훼손하는 건물들이 많아요.

There are many buildings that damage the natural landscape.

Present modifier -는.

아이들이 학교 기물을 훼손했어요.

The children damaged school property.

Direct object markers 을/를.

공공장소를 훼손하지 않는 것이 중요해요.

It is important not to damage public places.

Gerund form -는 것.

비 때문에 유적이 많이 훼손되었습니다.

The ruins were heavily damaged because of the rain.

Cause marker 때문에.

누군가 제 명예를 훼손했어요.

Someone damaged my reputation.

Abstract object usage.

훼손된 부분을 다시 그려야 해요.

I have to redraw the damaged part.

Necessity form -야 해요.

훼손을 막기 위해 울타리를 쳤어요.

They put up a fence to prevent damage.

Purpose marker -기 위해.

무분별한 개발은 생태계를 훼손할 수 있습니다.

Indiscriminate development can damage the ecosystem.

Potentiality -ㄹ 수 있다.

그의 말은 내 자존심을 심하게 훼손했다.

His words severely damaged my self-esteem.

Plain style past tense -했다.

증거를 훼손하는 것은 범죄입니다.

Damaging evidence is a crime.

Nominalized phrase as subject.

오래된 책이라서 훼손되지 않게 조심하세요.

It's an old book, so be careful not to damage it.

Reason -아서/어서 + negative purpose -지 않게.

인터넷 댓글이 연예인의 이미지를 훼손했습니다.

Internet comments damaged the celebrity's image.

Subject/Object relationship.

훼손된 자연을 복구하는 데 오랜 시간이 걸립니다.

It takes a long time to restore damaged nature.

Time duration expression -는 데 시간이 걸리다.

그 기사는 사실을 훼손하고 있습니다.

That article is distorting (damaging) the facts.

Progressive form -고 있다.

전쟁으로 인해 많은 문화유산이 훼손되었습니다.

Many cultural heritages were damaged due to the war.

Formal cause marker -로 인해.

사생활을 침해하고 명예를 훼손하는 행위는 처벌받습니다.

Acts that invade privacy and damage reputation are punished.

Parallel verb structures.

기업의 이미지가 훼손될까 봐 걱정하고 있습니다.

They are worried that the company's image might be damaged.

Fear/worry pattern -ㄹ까 봐.

산림 훼손을 최소화하기 위한 대책이 필요합니다.

Measures are needed to minimize forest damage.

Noun modification with -기 위한.

그는 자신의 결백을 주장하며 명예를 훼손당했다고 말했다.

He claimed his innocence and said his reputation had been damaged.

Passive experience form -당하다.

유물이 훼손되지 않도록 특수 보관함에 넣었습니다.

It was put in a special storage box so the relic wouldn't be damaged.

Purpose/Intention -도록.

환경 훼손의 심각성을 깨달아야 합니다.

We must realize the seriousness of environmental damage.

Necessity -아야 합니다.

일부 몰지각한 행동이 전체의 명예를 훼손했습니다.

A few thoughtless actions damaged the reputation of the whole group.

Sophisticated vocabulary: 몰지각한 (thoughtless).

문서의 내용을 훼손한 흔적이 발견되었습니다.

Traces of tampering with (damaging) the document's content were found.

Noun phrase '훼손한 흔적'.

민주주의의 근간을 훼손하는 어떠한 시도도 용납될 수 없다.

Any attempt to damage the foundations of democracy cannot be tolerated.

Strong negation -ㄹ 수 없다 with '어떠한 ~도'.

전통문화의 원형을 훼손하지 않으면서 현대화하는 것이 과제이다.

The task is to modernize traditional culture without damaging its original form.

Simultaneous action/state -면서.

그의 발언은 헌법 정신을 심각하게 훼손하고 있다.

His remarks are seriously damaging the spirit of the constitution.

Abstract conceptual object.

인간의 존엄성을 훼손하는 행위는 인류 보편의 가치에 어긋난다.

Acts that damage human dignity go against universal human values.

Formal academic phrasing.

기술의 발전이 오히려 인간 소외를 부추기고 공동체를 훼손하기도 한다.

The development of technology sometimes encourages human alienation and damages the community.

Additive particle -기도 한다.

학문의 자유를 훼손하려는 외부의 압력에 저항해야 한다.

We must resist external pressure to damage academic freedom.

Intentional modifier -하려는.

예술 작품의 진정성을 훼손하지 않기 위해 복원 작업에 신중을 기했다.

To avoid damaging the authenticity of the artwork, great care was taken in the restoration.

Idiom: 신중을 기하다 (to be very careful).

국가 신인도를 훼손하는 경제 정책은 재고되어야 한다.

Economic policies that damage national creditworthiness must be reconsidered.

Passive necessity -되어야 한다.

언어의 순수성을 훼손하는 외래어의 무분별한 사용을 경계해야 한다.

We must be wary of the indiscriminate use of foreign words that damage the purity of the language.

High-level social critique.

사법권의 독립을 훼손하려는 정치적 공세가 거세지고 있다.

Political offensives aimed at damaging the independence of the judiciary are intensifying.

Metaphorical language: 거세지고 있다 (becoming fierce).

역사적 사실을 왜곡하여 민족의 자긍심을 훼손하는 행위는 지탄받아 마땅하다.

Acts that distort historical facts and damage national pride deserve to be condemned.

Idiom: -아 마땅하다 (deserve to...).

생태계의 평형을 훼손하는 인간의 오만함이 기후 위기를 초래했다.

Human arrogance in damaging the balance of the ecosystem has brought about the climate crisis.

Complex causal structure.

종교적 성지를 훼손하는 것은 신념에 대한 중대한 도전으로 간주된다.

Damaging a religious holy site is regarded as a serious challenge to faith.

Passive consideration -로 간주된다.

정보의 홍수 속에서 진실의 가치가 훼손되는 현상이 우려스럽다.

The phenomenon of the value of truth being damaged in a flood of information is worrying.

Metaphorical noun phrase.

권력의 남용은 법치주의의 근간을 훼손하고 사회적 불신을 야기한다.

Abuse of power damages the foundations of the rule of law and causes social distrust.

Formal logical connectors.

작가의 의도를 훼손하지 않는 범위 내에서 번역이 이루어져야 한다.

Translation should be carried out within a range that does not damage the author's intent.

Restrictive clause '범위 내에서'.

المرادفات

손상시키다 망가뜨리다 파괴하다 더럽히다

الأضداد

보존하다 수호하다 유지하다

تلازمات شائعة

명예를 훼손하다

자연을 훼손하다

문화재를 훼손하다

가치를 훼손하다

증거를 훼손하다

이미지를 훼손하다

존엄성을 훼손하다

경관을 훼손하다

원형을 훼손하다

신뢰를 훼손하다

العبارات الشائعة

명예훼손죄

— The crime of defamation. It is a specific legal charge in Korea.

그는 명예훼손죄로 벌금형을 선고받았다.

환경 훼손

— Environmental damage. Refers to harming the natural world.

환경 훼손을 막기 위한 법이 제정되었다.

기물 훼손

— Damage to property. Often used in schools or public facilities.

학교 기물 훼손 시 변상해야 합니다.

심각하게 훼손되다

— To be seriously damaged. Common in news reports.

태풍으로 인해 유적이 심각하게 훼손되었다.

원형 훼손

— Damage to the original form. Used for relics or historical buildings.

원형 훼손 없이 복원하는 것이 중요하다.

훼손 행위

— The act of damaging. A formal way to describe vandalism.

문화재 훼손 행위를 목격하면 신고하세요.

이미지 훼손

— Image damage. Used for brands, celebrities, or countries.

이번 사건은 국가 이미지 훼손을 초래했다.

증거 훼손

— Tampering with evidence. A serious legal offense.

검찰은 증거 훼손 가능성을 우려하고 있다.

자존심 훼손

— Damage to pride. Used when someone feels insulted.

그의 무례한 태도는 내 자존심을 훼손했다.

가치 훼손

— Damage to value. Used in finance or philosophy.

인플레이션은 화폐의 가치를 훼손한다.

يُخلط عادةً مع

훼손하다 vs 고장나다

Used for machines/electronics failing to work. 훼손하다 is for physical or status damage.

훼손하다 vs 파괴하다

Implies total destruction. 훼손하다 can be partial damage that ruins the value.

훼손하다 vs 침해하다

Used for rights or privacy (trespassing/infringing). 훼손하다 is for the resulting damage to reputation or state.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"낯을 깎다"

— To lose face or damage one's reputation (similar concept to 훼손).

그의 행동은 부모님의 낯을 깎는 일이었다.

Informal

"먹칠을 하다"

— To smear with ink; to disgrace or damage the reputation of a group.

학교의 명예에 먹칠을 하지 마라.

Neutral/Idiomatic

"이름을 더럽히다"

— To dirty one's name; to damage a reputation.

그는 가문의 이름을 더럽히고 떠났다.

Neutral

"찬물을 끼얹다"

— To throw cold water on; to spoil the mood or damage progress.

그의 발언은 축제 분위기에 찬물을 끼얹었다.

Neutral

"뿌리째 흔들다"

— To shake to the roots; to damage the foundation of something.

비리 사건이 조직의 근간을 뿌리째 흔들었다.

Formal

"옥에 티"

— A flaw in a jade; a small thing that spoils/damages an otherwise perfect thing.

그 영화는 다 좋았는데 결말이 옥에 티였다.

Neutral

"재를 뿌리다"

— To scatter ash; to spoil or damage a successful situation.

다 된 밥에 재 뿌리지 마세요.

Informal

"물을 흐리다"

— To muddy the water; to damage the atmosphere of a group.

그 한 사람이 전체의 분위기를 흐리고 있다.

Neutral

"코가 꺾이다"

— To have one's nose broken; to have one's pride/dignity damaged.

그는 이번 패배로 코가 꺾였다.

Informal

"발목을 잡다"

— To grab the ankle; to hinder or damage the progress of someone.

부상이 그의 선수 생활의 발목을 잡았다.

Neutral

سهل الخلط

훼손하다 vs 훼손 vs 손상

Both mean damage.

훼손 is more formal and often involves value/honor. 손상 is used for physical parts or health (e.g., organ damage).

간 손상 (Liver damage) vs. 명예 훼손 (Defamation).

훼손하다 vs 훼손 vs 파손

Both mean physical damage.

파손 is specifically for physical breaking of parts (like a window). 훼손 includes abstract damage like reputation.

기물 파손 (Breaking equipment) vs. 가치 훼손 (Damaging value).

훼손하다 vs 훼손 vs 오염

Both apply to nature.

오염 is pollution (dirtying). 훼손 is physical damage (cutting trees, digging).

수질 오염 (Water pollution) vs. 산림 훼손 (Forest damage).

훼손하다 vs 훼손 vs 멸실

Legal terms for loss.

멸실 is total loss/disappearance of a property. 훼손 is just damage to it.

The document was '훼손' (torn) but not '멸실' (completely destroyed/lost).

훼손하다 vs 훼손 vs 굴욕

Both relate to honor.

굴욕 is the feeling of humiliation. 훼손 is the objective damage to one's honor/standing.

굴욕을 느끼다 (Feel humiliation) vs. 명예가 훼손되다 (Reputation is damaged).

أنماط الجُمل

N을/를 훼손하지 마세요.

꽃을 훼손하지 마세요.

N이/가 훼손되어서 걱정이에요.

책이 훼손되어서 걱정이에요.

N을/를 훼손하면 안 돼요.

자연을 훼손하면 안 돼요.

N을/를 훼손한 혐의로 고소당했다.

명예를 훼손한 혐의로 고소당했다.

N의 훼손을 막기 위해 ~해야 한다.

문화재의 훼손을 막기 위해 노력해야 한다.

N은 N의 가치를 심각하게 훼손하고 있다.

이 법은 자유의 가치를 심각하게 훼손하고 있다.

훼손된 N을 복구하는 데 비용이 든다.

훼손된 유적을 복구하는 데 많은 비용이 든다.

N의 훼손은 곧 N의 붕괴를 의미한다.

도덕성의 훼손은 곧 공동체의 붕괴를 의미한다.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

훼손 (Damage/Impairment)

명예훼손 (Defamation)

훼손자 (Damager/Vandal)

الأفعال

훼손되다 (To be damaged - Passive)

훼손시키다 (To cause damage - Causative)

الصفات

훼손된 (Damaged/Impaired)

مرتبط

파괴 (Destruction)

손상 (Injury/Damage)

오염 (Pollution)

침해 (Infringement)

모독 (Insult)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

High in written news and formal speech; low in casual daily life.

أخطاء شائعة

핸드폰을 훼손했어요. → 핸드폰을 고장 냈어요 / 떨어뜨렸어요.
Using 훼손하다 for small personal electronics sounds weirdly formal and dramatic.
명예를 파괴하다. → 명예를 훼손하다.
Reputation is 'damaged' (훼손), not 'destroyed' (파괴) in standard Korean collocation.
꽃이 훼손해요. → 꽃이 훼손되었어요 / 누가 꽃을 훼손했어요.
The flower cannot 'do' the damaging; it must be the object or in passive form.
기분이 훼손되었어요. → 기분이 상했어요 / 자존심이 상했어요.
We don't usually '훼손' a mood. Use '상하다' for feelings.
훼손하다 a broken car. → 차를 고장 내다 / 사고가 나다.
Unless you are a vandal intentionally ruining a car's value, 훼손하다 is the wrong word for a car breaking down.

نصائح

Formal Writing

Always use 훼손하다 instead of 망가뜨리다 in essays about social or environmental issues to sound more academic.

Legal Context

Memorize 명예훼손 (defamation) as a single block; it is one of the most common legal terms in Korean news.

Nature Respect

When talking about Korean National Parks, always use 훼손하다 to describe human-caused damage to show you value nature.

Passive vs Active

Use 훼손되다 (passive) when the culprit is unknown or the focus is on the object. Example: '문화재가 훼손되었다.'

News Keywords

When you hear '훼손', expect the news to be about a crime, an accident involving history, or a scandal.

Debating

Use the phrase '가치를 훼손하다' to argue that a certain action goes against the core meaning of something.

Hwe-Son = Harm-Soon

Think: If you don't stop, you will 'Harm-Soon' (Hwe-Son) the object.

Collocation Power

Pairing 훼손하다 with '심각하게' (seriously) or '무분별하게' (indiscriminately) makes your writing look advanced.

Reputation

In Korea, protecting '명예' (honor) is vital. Using 훼손하다 shows you understand this cultural priority.

Abstract Damage

Challenge yourself to use it for non-physical things like '신뢰' (trust) or '민주주의' (democracy).

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'Hwe' as 'Heavy' and 'Son' as 'Stone'. If you drop a Heavy Stone on something, you 훼손 (damage) its value.

ربط بصري

Imagine a spray-paint can (vandalism) over a beautiful ancient temple. The act of spraying is '훼손하다'.

Word Web

Nature Reputation Legal Museum Damage Value Hanja Formal

تحدٍّ

Try to use '훼손하다' in a sentence about a historical site you visited. Then try to use it to describe a time someone's words hurt your '명예' (honor).

أصل الكلمة

Derived from Sino-Korean Hanja: 毁 (헐 훼) meaning 'to pull down, destroy, or slander' and 損 (덜 손) meaning 'to lose, decrease, or damage.'

المعنى الأصلي: The combination literally means 'to destroy and cause loss.'

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based vocabulary).

السياق الثقافي

Be careful when using this word about people. Accusing someone of '명예훼손' is a serious legal threat in Korea.

In English, we might use 'vandalize' for physical objects and 'defame' for reputation. Korean uses '훼손하다' for both, showing a linguistic link between physical and social integrity.

The burning of Namdaemun Gate (2008) - A major case of '문화재 훼손'. Legal cases involving 'Cyber 명예훼손' (Online defamation) which are very common in the K-pop industry. Environmental documentaries discussing the '훼손' of the DMZ's unique ecosystem.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Environmental Discussion

자연을 훼손하다
생태계 파괴
무분별한 개발
환경 보호

Legal Conflict

명예를 훼손하다
고소하다
혐의를 받다
허위 사실 유포

Museum Visit

문화재 훼손 금지
손대지 마시오
유물 보존
원형 훼손

Business/Brand

브랜드 이미지 훼손
신뢰 회복
기업 가치
소비자 불만

Social Ethics

존엄성 훼손
인권 침해
도덕적 가치
사회적 책임

بدايات محادثة

"요즘 인터넷 댓글로 인한 명예훼손 문제가 심각한 것 같아요. 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"관광객들이 유명한 유적지를 훼손하는 뉴스를 보면 어떤 기분이 드나요?"

"개발과 자연 보존 중에서 무엇이 더 중요할까요? 자연을 훼손하면서까지 건물을 지어야 할까요?"

"누군가 당신의 명예를 훼손했다면 법적으로 대응하시겠습니까?"

"문화재를 훼손하지 않고 미래 세대에게 전달하려면 어떤 노력이 필요할까요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

오늘날 우리 사회에서 가장 심각하게 훼손되고 있는 가치는 무엇이라고 생각하는지 서술하시오.

내가 소중히 여기는 물건이나 명예가 훼손되었던 경험이 있다면 적어보세요.

환경 훼손을 막기 위해 내가 일상생활에서 실천할 수 있는 일 세 가지를 쓰시오.

명예훼손 처벌 수위를 높여야 한다는 주장에 대해 자신의 의견을 논하시오.

훼손된 자연이 다시 회복되는 과정을 지켜본 적이 있다면 그 감상을 적어보세요.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Usually no. Use '고장 나다' if it doesn't work or '액정이 깨지다' if the screen is cracked. Use 훼손하다 only if you are writing a very formal report about the destruction of company assets.

It translates to 'defamation of character.' In Korea, this can be a criminal offense even if the statement made was true, if it was intended to harm someone's social standing.

Yes, it always describes a negative impact on the state or value of something. There is no positive way to use 훼손하다.

Actually, self-harm is usually '자해'. However, you could say '자신의 명예를 훼손하다' to mean you did something to ruin your own reputation.

Not for their bodies (use '다치다' or '부상'), but yes for their reputation (명예) or dignity (존엄성).

파괴 (destruction) is complete. 훼손 (damage) means the object might still exist but its value, beauty, or integrity is ruined.

Yes, '관계를 훼손하다' (to damage a relationship) is possible in formal contexts, though '관계를 망치다' is more common in speech.

Yes, it is a very common word in TOPIK II reading and writing sections, especially in those discussing environment or ethics.

It's a combination of 'h' + 'u' + 'e'. Similar to 'way' but starting with a breathy 'h' sound.

Yes, the noun is 훼손 (damage/impairment). You can say '훼손이 심하다' (The damage is severe).

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات