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B1 noun #2,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 7 دقيقة للقراءة

방어

bangeo
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 방어 في 30 ثانية
الشرح 방어 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '방어' is a bit advanced, but you might see it in simple games or cartoons. Think of it as 'blocking'. When a character in a game uses a shield, that is '방어'. You can remember it as the opposite of '공격' (attack). If someone throws a ball and you stop it with your hands, you are doing a very simple '방어'. It's about staying safe from something coming at you. You don't need to use it in daily speech yet, but knowing it means 'defense' in a game is helpful.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the A2 level, you can start using '방어' in the context of sports and basic games. You might say '방어력이 높아요' (The defense power is high) when talking about a game character. You also learn that '방어' can be a fish! In winter, Koreans love to eat '방어회' (Yellowtail sashimi). So, if you see '방어' at a restaurant, it's food. If you see it in a soccer match, it's the goalkeeper stopping the ball. It's a useful word to distinguish between 'protecting' (보호) and 'blocking an attack' (방어).
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 level, you should be able to use '방어' in more abstract ways. You can talk about '방어적인 태도' (a defensive attitude) when someone is not being open to ideas. You will hear this word often in news reports about the military or national '방어' systems. You should also know the verb form '방어하다'. For example, '우리는 환경 오염으로부터 바다를 방어해야 한다' (We must defend the sea from environmental pollution) - though '보호' is more common here, '방어' adds a sense of fighting against a threat. You are now moving from physical defense to conceptual defense.
At the B2 level, '방어' becomes a tool for discussing complex topics like psychology and law. You should understand '방어 기제' (defense mechanisms) like '부정' (denial) or '합리화' (rationalization). In legal contexts, '정당방어' (self-defense) is a crucial term you might encounter in news or dramas. You can use '방어' to describe strategic moves in business, such as '시장 방어' (defending market share). Your usage should reflect the nuance that '방어' is a reactive but strategic response to a specific challenge or competition.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 level, you use '방어' with high precision in academic and professional settings. You might analyze '방어적 민주주의' (defensive democracy) or '국가 방어 체계' (national defense systems) in detail. You understand the subtle differences between '방어', '수비', '보호', and '보전'. You can use the word metaphorically in literature or high-level debate to describe the preservation of values or traditions against the '공격' of modernity. Your vocabulary includes collocations like '철통 방어' (ironclad defense) and '방어권 행사' (exercising the right to defense).
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, '방어' is integrated into your mastery of Korean nuances. You can discuss the philosophical implications of '방어' in human nature or international relations theory (like Defensive Realism). You are comfortable using it in technical fields like cybersecurity ('사이버 방어 전략') or advanced medicine. You can pick up on wordplay involving the homonym '방어' (the fish) and '방어' (defense) in sophisticated humor or advertising. You use the word to articulate complex strategies where defense is not just a reaction, but a proactive method of maintaining stability.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

방어 في 30 ثانية

  • 방어 (Defense) is a core Korean noun used for blocking attacks in sports, military, and daily life.
  • It differs from '보호' (protection) by implying an active threat or aggression being countered.
  • Commonly paired with '하다' to form the verb '방어하다' (to defend) and '적' for the adjective '방어적' (defensive).
  • Watch out for the homonym '방어' which means 'Yellowtail fish', especially during the winter season in Korea.

The Korean noun 방어 (防禦) is a multifaceted term primarily denoting the act of protecting oneself, a group, or a position against an external attack, threat, or criticism. Rooted in Hanja, where 防 (방) means 'to block' or 'to prevent' and 禦 (어) means 'to resist' or 'to stop,' the word encapsulates a reactive yet active stance of preservation. Unlike simple protection (보호), which can be passive, 방어 implies an existing or potential aggression that must be countered. In modern Korean, this word permeates various domains ranging from military strategy and competitive sports to psychological theories and cybersecurity protocols.

Physical Defense
The literal blocking of a physical blow or a military invasion. It involves barriers, shields, or tactical maneuvers to prevent an enemy from advancing.
Psychological Defense
Known as '방어 기제' (defense mechanism), it refers to the unconscious mental processes employed to reduce anxiety arising from unacceptable or potentially harmful stimuli.
Digital/Cyber Defense
The measures taken to protect networks and data from unauthorized access or malicious attacks.

"상대 팀의 공격을 완벽하게 방어하여 승리를 지켰습니다." (We protected our victory by perfectly defending against the opponent team's attack.)

Beyond its primary meaning, it is crucial for learners to note that 방어 is also the name of the Yellowtail fish (Seriola quinqueradiata), a popular winter delicacy in Korea. While the context usually makes the distinction clear, encountering '방어' on a menu versus a news report requires different semantic processing. In the context of defense, the word often pairs with the verb 하다 (to do) to form 방어하다 (to defend).

그는 자신의 논리를 방어하기 위해 여러 증거를 제시했다. (He presented various pieces of evidence to defend his logic.)

Legal Context
The right to defend oneself in court (방어권) is a fundamental legal principle in the Korean justice system.

성벽은 적의 침입을 방어하는 데 중요한 역할을 한다. (The castle walls play a crucial role in defending against enemy intrusion.)

해커의 공격으로부터 서버를 방어하는 것이 최우선 과제입니다. (Defending the server from hacker attacks is the top priority.)

Using 방어 correctly requires understanding its collocations and the specific verbs it attaches to. The most common form is the light verb construction 방어하다. This verb is transitive, meaning it takes an object—the thing being defended or the attack being blocked. For example, '공격을 방어하다' (to defend against an attack) or '성문을 방어하다' (to defend the castle gate).

Adjectival Form
방어적이다 (to be defensive). This is used to describe a person's attitude or a strategy. '그는 매우 방어적인 태도를 보였다' (He showed a very defensive attitude).
Noun Compounds
방어력 (defense power/stats in games), 방어선 (defense line), 방어 기제 (defense mechanism).

이 게임 캐릭터는 방어력이 높아서 잘 죽지 않아요. (This game character has high defense, so it doesn't die easily.)

In social interactions, '방어' is often used to describe someone who is being guarded or evasive. If someone feels attacked by a question, they might '방어하다' their position. In a business context, a company might take '방어적 조치' (defensive measures) to prevent a hostile takeover. In the realm of health, while '면역' (immunity) is the standard term, '방어' can be used metaphorically to describe the body's fight against viruses.

우리 군은 적의 기습을 성공적으로 방어해 냈습니다. (Our military successfully managed to defend against the enemy's surprise attack.)

Passive Usage
While '방어되다' (to be defended) exists, it is less common than the active '방어하다'. Usually, we describe the result: '공격이 방어되었다' (The attack was defended/blocked).

비판에 대해 방어적인 자세를 취하기보다는 수용하는 태도가 필요합니다. (Rather than taking a defensive stance against criticism, an accepting attitude is needed.)

You will encounter 방어 in several distinct environments in Korea. First and foremost is the news and media. Reports on national security, military drills (e.g., '을지 자유의 방패' - Ulchi Freedom Shield), and border control frequently use '방어' to discuss the country's readiness against external threats. In the sports world, particularly in soccer (football) and martial arts, commentators use '방어' to describe a goalkeeper's save or a fighter's block.

골키퍼의 환상적인 방어로 실점 위기를 넘겼습니다! (With the goalkeeper's fantastic defense, they escaped the danger of conceding a goal!)

In gaming culture, which is massive in Korea, '방어' is a fundamental stat. Whether you are playing League of Legends, StarCraft, or mobile RPGs, you will see terms like '방어력' (DEF), '물리 방어' (Physical Defense), and '마법 방어' (Magic Defense). Players often discuss '방어 아이템' (defense items) to survive longer in battles.

Legal Dramas
You'll hear '정당방어' (self-defense) frequently in K-dramas involving court cases. It's a key legal concept determining whether an action was a crime or a necessary protection.
Psychology Podcasts/Books
Discussions about '자아 방어 기제' (ego defense mechanisms) like denial or projection are common in self-help and mental health content.

그의 행동은 일종의 자기 방어였다고 생각합니다. (I think his behavior was a kind of self-defense.)

One of the most frequent mistakes for learners is confusing 방어 with 보호 (boho). While both relate to safety, '보호' is 'protection' in a nurturing or preservative sense (like protecting the environment or a child), whereas '방어' is specifically about 'defense' against an active attack. You '보호' your skin from the sun, but you '방어' your goalpost from a ball.

Mistake 1: Using '방어' for general care
Incorrect: '피부를 방어하세요' (Defend your skin). Correct: '피부를 보호하세요' (Protect your skin).
Mistake 2: Confusing with '수비' (subi)
In sports, '수비' refers to the role or the team unit (the defenders), while '방어' refers to the specific action of stopping an attack. You can't say '방어수' for a defender; it's '수비수'.

Wrong: 경찰은 시민을 방어한다. (The police defend the citizens - sounds like a war). Better: 경찰은 시민을 보호한다. (The police protect the citizens).

Another potential pitfall is the homonym 방어 (Yellowtail). In winter, you might see signs saying '방어 개시' (Yellowtail season starts). Don't be confused thinking the restaurant is starting a 'defense' operation! Also, be careful with the pronunciation; while both are '방어', the context is the only way to distinguish them as they are spelled and pronounced identically in modern standard Korean.

Mistake 3: Overusing '방어하다' in daily conversation
Using '방어' in casual conversation can make you sound overly formal or aggressive. If a friend asks why you're late, saying '나를 방어하지 마' sounds like a movie script. Instead, use '변명하다' (to make excuses) or '핑계 대다'.

To truly master 방어, you should understand how it relates to its synonyms and near-synonyms. Each has a specific nuance that changes based on the intensity and the nature of the 'attack'.

수비 (守備 - Subi)
Primarily used in sports and military contexts to mean 'defense' as a position or a sustained state of guarding. '수비가 강하다' (The defense is strong).
막다 (Makda)
The native Korean verb for 'to block', 'to stop', or 'to prevent'. It is much more versatile and less formal than '방어'. You can '막다' a hole, '막다' the wind, or '막다' an attack.
예방 (豫防 - Yebang)
Focuses on 'prevention' before something happens. '질병 예방' (disease prevention). While '방어' happens during an attack, '예방' happens before it.

적의 공격을 방어하는 것보다 사전에 예방하는 것이 더 중요합니다. (Preventing an attack in advance is more important than defending against it.)

There is also 대비 (對備 - Daebi), which means 'preparation' or 'readiness' for a potential situation. While '방어' is the act of stopping the hit, '대비' is making sure you have your shield ready before the hit comes. In legal terms, 변호 (辯護 - Byeonho) is used specifically for 'defense' in the sense of a lawyer defending a client's rights through speech.

이 요새는 천혜의 요충지로 방어에 유리하다. (This fortress is a natural strategic point, advantageous for defense.)

How Formal Is It?

مستوى الصعوبة

قواعد يجب معرفتها

-기 위해 (In order to)

-적 (Suffix for adjectives)

-아야 하다 (Obligation)

-ㄹ 수 있다 (Possibility)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

방어 하세요!

Defend!

Imperative form of 방어하다.

2

이것은 방어 아이템입니다.

This is a defense item.

Noun + Noun compound.

3

공격과 방어.

Attack and defense.

Simple nouns joined by '과'.

4

방어가 중요해요.

Defense is important.

Subject marker -가 used with a noun.

5

방어 버튼을 누르세요.

Press the defense button.

Object marker -를 used.

6

그는 방어를 잘해요.

He is good at defending.

Noun + object marker + adverb + verb.

7

방어력이 낮아요.

The defense power is low.

방어력 (defense power) as a single concept.

8

방어 준비!

Prepare for defense!

Noun phrase used as an exclamation.

1

겨울에는 방어가 맛있어요.

Yellowtail is delicious in winter.

Here '방어' refers to the fish.

2

우리 팀은 방어를 잘 못해요.

Our team is not good at defense.

Negation '못' used with '하다'.

3

방어막을 만드세요.

Make a defense shield/barrier.

방어막 (defense screen/barrier).

4

적의 공격을 방어했어요.

I defended against the enemy's attack.

Past tense -았/었-.

5

방어하는 방법을 배워요.

Learn how to defend.

-는 방법 (way of doing something).

6

방어구(防禦具)를 입으세요.

Put on your protective gear.

방어구 refers to defensive equipment.

7

방어에 성공했습니다.

Succeeded in defense.

Formal ending -습니다.

8

방어보다 공격이 더 쉬워요.

Attack is easier than defense.

-보다 (than) comparison.

1

그는 질문에 대해 방어적인 태도를 보였다.

He showed a defensive attitude toward the question.

방어적 (defensive) + -인 (adjective marker).

2

바이러스로부터 몸을 방어해야 합니다.

We must defend our bodies from viruses.

-아야 하다 (must).

3

이 건물은 화재 방어 시설이 잘 되어 있다.

This building has good fire defense facilities.

Passive-like '되어 있다' (to be in a state).

4

성벽은 도시를 방어하는 데 필수적이다.

Castle walls are essential for defending the city.

-는 데 (in the act of/for).

5

사이버 공격을 방어하기 위해 보안을 강화했다.

Security was strengthened to defend against cyber attacks.

-기 위해 (in order to).

6

그 선수는 상대의 공격을 침착하게 방어했다.

The player calmly defended the opponent's attack.

Adverb '침착하게' (calmly).

7

자기 방어는 인간의 본능이다.

Self-defense is a human instinct.

자기 방어 (self-defense).

8

정부는 물가 상승에 대한 방어책을 마련했다.

The government prepared defensive measures against inflation.

방어책 (defensive measure/policy).

1

심리학에서는 다양한 방어 기제를 설명한다.

Psychology explains various defense mechanisms.

방어 기제 (defense mechanism).

2

정당방위(정당방어)가 인정되어 무죄 판결을 받았다.

Self-defense was recognized, and he was acquitted.

Legal term '정당방어'.

3

기업은 적대적 M&A에 맞서 경영권을 방어했다.

The company defended its management rights against a hostile M&A.

Business context usage.

4

그의 논리는 빈틈이 없어 방어하기가 쉽지 않다.

His logic is flawless, so it's not easy to defend against.

-기가 쉽지 않다 (not easy to...).

5

이 전술은 공격보다는 방어에 치중하고 있다.

This tactic focuses more on defense than attack.

-에 치중하다 (to focus/concentrate on).

6

해킹 시도를 실시간으로 방어하는 시스템이다.

It is a system that defends against hacking attempts in real-time.

Real-time '실시간'.

7

그는 자신의 잘못을 감추기 위해 방어막을 쳤다.

He put up a shield to hide his mistakes.

Metaphorical '방어막을 치다'.

8

국가는 외부의 위협으로부터 영토를 방어할 의무가 있다.

The state has an obligation to defend its territory from external threats.

-을 의무가 있다 (have an obligation to).

1

민주주의 체제 자체를 위협하는 세력에 대한 방어적 민주주의.

Defensive democracy against forces that threaten the democratic system itself.

Political science terminology.

2

피고인의 방어권을 보장하는 것은 법치주의의 핵심이다.

Guaranteeing the defendant's right to defense is the core of the rule of law.

방어권 (right to defense).

3

이 요새는 지형적 이점을 활용한 철통 방어로 유명하다.

This fortress is famous for its ironclad defense utilizing geographical advantages.

Idiomatic '철통 방어'.

4

경제 위기 상황에서 정부는 통화 가치 방어에 총력을 기울였다.

In an economic crisis, the government devoted all its efforts to defending the currency value.

Economic '가치 방어'.

5

그의 연설은 비판자들에 대한 강력한 방어 기제로 작용했다.

His speech acted as a powerful defense mechanism against critics.

-로 작용하다 (to act/function as).

6

첨단 기술 유출을 방어하기 위한 보안 프로토콜이 가동되었다.

Security protocols to defend against the leakage of advanced technology were activated.

Technical '유출 방어'.

7

생태계의 자정 작용은 외부 오염에 대한 일종의 방어 체계이다.

The ecosystem's self-purification process is a kind of defense system against external pollution.

Scientific '방어 체계'.

8

전략적 방어 구상은 냉전 시대의 중요한 군사 정책이었다.

The Strategic Defense Initiative was an important military policy of the Cold War era.

Historical '전략적 방어'.

1

방어적 현실주의는 국가들이 안보를 위해 현상 유지를 선호한다고 본다.

Defensive realism posits that states prefer maintaining the status quo for security.

International relations theory.

2

그의 문체는 독자의 오해를 원천 봉쇄하려는 듯 매우 방어적이다.

His writing style is very defensive, as if trying to completely block reader misunderstandings.

Literary criticism context.

3

디지털 주권 방어는 21세기 국가 안보의 새로운 패러다임이다.

Defending digital sovereignty is a new paradigm of national security in the 21st century.

Modern geopolitical context.

4

심층 심리학에서 방어 기제의 해체는 치유의 첫걸음으로 간주된다.

In depth psychology, the dismantling of defense mechanisms is considered the first step to healing.

Advanced psychological discourse.

5

시장 지배적 사업자는 신규 진입자를 막기 위해 방어적 가격 전략을 취한다.

Market-dominant operators take defensive pricing strategies to block new entrants.

Economic strategy.

6

전통 문화의 방어는 단순히 과거를 지키는 것이 아니라 미래를 창조하는 일이다.

Defending traditional culture is not merely about guarding the past, but about creating the future.

Philosophical/Cultural argument.

7

생물학적 방어선이 무너지면 유기체는 치명적인 위협에 노출된다.

If the biological defense line collapses, the organism is exposed to fatal threats.

Biological '방어선'.

8

그 논문은 기존 학설에 대한 방어적 논리를 정교하게 구축했다.

The thesis elaborately constructed a defensive logic for existing theories.

Academic '논리 구축'.

تلازمات شائعة

방어 기제 (Defense mechanism)
방어 태세 (Defensive posture)
철통 방어 (Ironclad defense)
방어력 (Defense power)
방어선 (Defense line)
정당 방어 (Self-defense)
방어권 (Right to defense)
방어막 (Defense shield)
방어적 태도 (Defensive attitude)
공격과 방어 (Attack and defense)

العبارات الشائعة

방어에 성공하다 (Succeed in defense)
방어에 실패하다 (Fail in defense)
방어를 뚫다 (Break through defense)
방어에 치중하다 (Focus on defense)
방어막을 치다 (Put up a shield)
방어 자세를 취하다 (Take a defensive stance)
방어 능력을 갖추다 (Have defense capabilities)
방어 아이템을 장착하다 (Equip a defense item)
방어적으로 행동하다 (Act defensively)
방어 기제가 작동하다 (Defense mechanism kicks in)

يُخلط عادةً مع

방어 vs 보호

Protection (nurturing) vs Defense (countering attack).

방어 vs 수비

Defensive role/position vs The act of defending.

방어 vs 예방

Prevention (before) vs Defense (during).

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"철통 같은 방어 (Defense like an iron bucket/ironclad)"
"공격이 최선의 방어다 (Offense is the best defense)"
"방어막을 치다 (To be emotionally guarded)"
"빈틈없는 방어 (Flawless defense)"
"방어 기제를 부리다 (To use defense mechanisms excessively)"
"방어선을 구축하다 (To build a line of defense)"
"방어에 급급하다 (To be busy just defending/struggling to defend)"
"방어의 벽을 높이다 (To raise the wall of defense)"
"방어 태세에 돌입하다 (To go into defensive mode)"
"방어권을 행사하다 (To exercise the right to defense)"

سهل الخلط

방어 vs 방어 (Fish)

방어 vs 방어 (Defense)

방어 vs 방역

방어 vs 방화

방어 vs 방패

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كيفية الاستخدام

nuance

방어 is reactive. You don't '방어' unless there is an '공격'.

homonym alert

Don't confuse with '방어' (Yellowtail fish) in winter.

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using '방어' instead of '보호' for environmental protection.
  • Confusing '방어' (defense) with '방역' (quarantine/disinfection).
  • Using '방어' for a sports defender (should be '수비수').
  • Thinking '방어' only refers to physical fighting.
  • Not recognizing '방어' as a fish name in culinary contexts.

نصائح

Hanja Link

Associate '방' with '방패' (shield) to remember defense.

Winter Food

If you are in Korea in December, '방어' usually means a tasty fish dinner.

Game Stats

Look for '방어' or '방어력' in your favorite Korean games to see it in action.

Be Careful

Calling someone '방어적' (defensive) might make them even more defensive!

Self-Defense

Learn '정당방어' if you watch Korean legal dramas like 'Extraordinary Attorney Woo'.

Verb Pairing

Always pair with '하다' for the action: '방어하다'.

Switching

Use '막다' for casual 'blocking' and '방어' for 'defense' as a concept.

News Context

In news, '방어' often appears with '북한' (North Korea) or '미사일' (missile).

Mental Health

'방어 기제' is a common topic in Korean mental health discussions.

Formal Tone

Use '방어' in reports to sound professional and precise.

احفظها

أصل الكلمة

防 (막을 방 - to block/prevent) + 禦 (막을 어 - to resist/stop)

السياق الثقافي

Terms like '방어력 만렙' (Max level defense) are used metaphorically for someone with a very strong heart or thick skin.

Winter is '방어 철' (Yellowtail season). Jeju Island is famous for its 방어 festival.

Due to mandatory military service, most Korean men are very familiar with '방어' in a tactical context.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

بدايات محادثة

"축구 경기에서 방어가 가장 중요한 포지션이라고 생각하세요?"

"겨울에 방어회 먹으러 가는 거 좋아하세요?"

"게임할 때 공격력과 방어력 중 무엇을 더 중요하게 생각해요?"

"사람들이 비판을 받을 때 왜 방어적인 태도를 취할까요?"

"정당방어의 기준은 무엇이라고 생각하시나요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

내가 스트레스를 받을 때 주로 사용하는 방어 기제는 무엇인가?

오늘 내가 무언가를 방어해야 했던 순간이 있었나?

방어보다 공격이 더 나은 전략이었던 경험을 적어보자.

나만의 '마음의 방어막'은 어떻게 생겼는가?

겨울 방어회를 처음 먹었을 때의 느낌은 어땠는가?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, it is widely used in sports, gaming, psychology, and daily life to describe any act of resisting an attack or criticism.

수비 is generally the role or the team (e.g., 'the defense'), while 방어 is the specific action of blocking an attack.

If your friend is being physically or verbally attacked, yes (친구를 방어하다). But if you are just 'looking out' for them, '보호하다' is better.

You can say '자기 방어' for general self-defense or '정당방어' for the legal term.

The fish name comes from a different Hanja (魴魚), but they are pronounced the same.

It means 'Defense Power' or 'Defense Stat', determining how much damage a character can mitigate.

Not necessarily. In strategy, being '방어적' can be a wise choice to minimize risk, though in social contexts it often implies being closed-off.

It's a psychological term for 'defense mechanism,' the ways our mind protects us from painful feelings.

You can say '골키퍼가 방어를 잘했다' (The goalkeeper defended well/made a good save).

It is most delicious in the winter, typically from November to February.

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