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B2 noun #4,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 8 دقيقة للقراءة

결핍

الأكثر شيوعاً #4,500

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 결핍 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 결핍 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '결핍' (gyeolpip) often. It is a big, difficult word. Instead, you usually use the word '없어요' (eopseoyo), which means 'there is not' or 'I don't have.' If you want to say you don't have enough of something, you say '부족해요' (bujokhaeyo). However, you might hear '결핍' in very simple health contexts, like a doctor saying you need more vitamins. Just remember: '결핍' is like saying 'super lack' or 'missing something very important.' For now, focus on '부족' for everyday things like time or money. '결핍' is for serious things like health and love.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can start recognizing '결핍' in simple health or psychological contexts. You might see it in a news headline about 'vitamin deficiency' (비타민 결핍) or hear it in a drama when a character is very lonely and needs love (애정 결핍). It is a noun. To use it in a sentence, you can say '[Something] 결핍' like '영양 결핍' (nutritional deficiency). While '부족' is for 'not enough sugar,' '결핍' is for 'not enough nutrients.' It's a more 'grown-up' and formal word than '부족.' Try to notice it when you read about health or feelings.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you should be able to distinguish between '부족' (general lack) and '결핍' (serious/essential deficiency). You will encounter '결핍' in articles about social issues, psychology, and medicine. You should know the common phrase '애정 결핍' (lack of affection), which is often used to describe someone's personality. You can also start using the verb form '결핍되다' (to be lacking/deficient). For example, '이 식단은 단백질이 결핍되어 있습니다' (This diet is deficient in protein). This word adds a more professional and precise tone to your Korean speaking and writing.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, '결핍' should be a regular part of your academic and formal vocabulary. You should understand its nuance of 'essential deprivation.' You will use it to discuss complex topics like '정서적 결핍' (emotional deprivation) or '자원 결핍' (resource deficiency). You should also be aware of similar words like '결여' (used for abstract qualities like common sense) and know when '결핍' is the better choice. In discussions about sociology or psychology, '결핍' is a key term to describe the gaps in a system or a person's upbringing. You should be comfortable using it with various particles and in complex sentence structures.

At the C1 level, you use '결핍' to discuss abstract and existential concepts. You might explore the 'existential deficiency' (실존적 결핍) of modern humanity or the 'moral deficiency' (도덕적 결핍) in political leadership. You understand that '결핍' isn't just a physical lack but a powerful rhetorical tool to describe a vacuum that drives human behavior. You can use it in literature reviews, professional presentations, and high-level debates. You are also familiar with Hanja-based synonyms and can explain the subtle differences between '결핍,' '결여,' '고갈,' and '빈곤' to others.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, '결핍' is a tool for precise philosophical and technical discourse. You can use it to analyze the 'lack' in Lacanian psychoanalysis or the 'resource scarcity' models in advanced economics. You recognize its use in classical Korean literature and modern poetry, where it often symbolizes the human condition. Your usage is flawless, choosing '결핍' over synonyms to convey exactly the right level of gravity and necessity. You can discuss how '결핍' functions as a catalyst for desire and social change in complex sociopolitical essays.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

결핍 في 30 ثانية

Means 'deficiency' or 'serious lack' of something essential.
Used in medical, psychological, and formal societal contexts.
Common phrases include '영양 결핍' (nutritional deficiency) and '애정 결핍' (lack of affection).
More formal and serious than the common word '부족' (shortage).

The Korean word 결핍 (Gyeolpip) is a sophisticated noun that translates primarily to 'deficiency,' 'lack,' or 'deprivation.' While the English word 'lack' can be used for almost anything, 결핍 carries a weightier, often more clinical or psychological connotation. It suggests that something essential—something required for health, growth, or wholeness—is missing. This isn't just about not having enough snacks for a party; it's about a body lacking vitamin C, a child lacking parental affection, or a society lacking fundamental resources. In Korean thought, 결핍 often points to a vacuum that needs to be filled to achieve a state of normalcy or well-being.

Biological Context: Used frequently in medical and nutritional contexts to describe a lack of nutrients, minerals, or physiological necessities. For example, '영양 결핍' (nutritional deficiency) is a common medical term.

현대인들은 비타민 D 결핍에 시달리는 경우가 많습니다. (Modern people often suffer from vitamin D deficiency.)

Psychological Context: Describes the absence of emotional needs, such as love, attention, or security. '애정 결핍' (lack of affection) is a widely used term in both clinical psychology and casual conversation to describe someone who seeks excessive attention because they didn't receive enough love in the past.

어린 시절의 애정 결핍은 성격 형성에 큰 영향을 미칩니다. (A lack of affection in childhood has a great impact on personality formation.)

Furthermore, the word is constructed from two Hanja (Chinese characters): 缺 (결), meaning 'flaw' or 'vacancy,' and 乏 (핍), meaning 'lack' or 'poverty.' Together, they create a sense of an empty space where something vital should reside. In academic writing, you will see it used to describe systemic issues, such as a '결핍된 자원' (depleted or deficient resources) in economics or a '민주주의의 결핍' (deficit of democracy) in political science. It is a formal word, but its psychological application makes it common in daily speech when discussing human emotions and character traits.

그의 행동은 도덕적 결핍에서 비롯된 것이다. (His behavior stems from a moral deficiency.)

Societal Context: Used to discuss broad shortages in a community, such as water, food, or education. It implies a critical state that requires intervention.

식수 결핍 문제는 인류가 해결해야 할 시급한 과제입니다. (The problem of drinking water deficiency is an urgent task for humanity to solve.)

이 보고서는 데이터가 결핍되어 신뢰도가 낮습니다. (This report lacks data, so its reliability is low.)

Using 결핍 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and its transformation into a verb. Most commonly, it functions as a noun that modifies other nouns through the particle '~의' or is modified by adjectives. Because it is a formal and serious word, it often appears in written reports, news, and academic papers, but its emotional use is also prevalent in interpersonal discussions.

As a Subject or Object: When '결핍' is the main topic, use markers like '이/가' or '을/를'. This is common when discussing the consequences of a lack.

수면 결핍이 집중력 저하의 원인입니다. (Sleep deficiency is the cause of decreased concentration.)

The Verb Form: 결핍되다: To say something 'is lacking,' use '결핍되다'. Note that this is a passive-sounding state verb. It describes a condition rather than an action.

그 계획은 구체성이 결핍되어 실행하기 어렵습니다. (That plan lacks specificity, so it is difficult to execute.)

When talking about people, '애정 결핍' is a compound noun that has almost become a fixed expression. It is used to describe someone who is 'needy' or 'attention-seeking' due to a perceived lack of love. In this context, it is often used with '증세' (symptoms) or '있다' (to have).

그 아이는 애정 결핍 증세를 보이고 있습니다. (That child is showing symptoms of affection deficiency.)

In Professional Settings: In business or science, '결핍' is used to describe gaps in data, resources, or capabilities. It conveys a serious tone that suggests a problem needs solving.

우리는 현재 전문 인력의 결핍 문제에 직면해 있습니다. (We are currently facing a problem of a deficiency in professional personnel.)

In summary, use '결핍' when you want to emphasize the seriousness of the lack, the essential nature of what is missing, or when you are operating in a formal, medical, or psychological register. It is rarely used for trivial things like lacking sugar for coffee or lacking a few cents for a bus fare.

While '결핍' might seem like a word found only in textbooks, it is surprisingly common in various real-life scenarios in Korea. Understanding where you'll encounter it will help you grasp its nuances and emotional weight.

Medical Consultations and Health News: If you visit a doctor in Korea for fatigue, they might say, '철분 결핍입니다' (It's an iron deficiency). News segments often warn about '영양 결핍' in elderly populations or '수면 결핍' among students.

뉴스: 장시간의 스마트폰 사용은 수면 결핍을 초래할 수 있습니다. (News: Long-term smartphone use can lead to sleep deficiency.)

Psychology and Self-Help Content: Korean YouTube channels focused on mental health (like those featuring Dr. Oh Eun-young) frequently use '애정 결핍' to explain behavioral patterns in children and adults. You'll hear it discussed in the context of 'inner child' healing and relationship advice.

심리 상담: 당신의 불안감은 어린 시절의 정서적 결핍에서 온 것일 수 있습니다. (Counseling: Your anxiety may stem from emotional deprivation in your childhood.)

You will also hear this word in documentaries discussing global issues. When narrators talk about '식량 결핍' (food deficiency) or '자원 결핍' (resource deficiency), they are highlighting severe humanitarian crises. In academic lectures, professors might use it to describe a '창의성 결핍' (lack of creativity) in the education system or a '공감 결핍' (lack of empathy) in modern society.

강연: 우리 사회에 가장 필요한 것은 타인에 대한 공감의 결핍을 채우는 것입니다. (Lecture: What our society needs most is to fill the deficiency of empathy for others.)

Literary and Poetic Usage: In essays or poems, authors use '결핍' to describe a sense of existential longing or the 'holes' in one's life. It sounds more profound and melancholic than simply saying something is missing.

While '결핍' is a useful word, learners often misuse it by applying it to situations where a simpler word like '부족' (shortage/lack) or '없음' (absence) would be more appropriate. Because '결핍' implies a fundamental or critical deficiency, using it for trivial matters can sound strange or overly dramatic.

Mistake 1: Using it for Trivial Shortages: Don't use '결핍' for things like missing pocket money or a lack of sugar in your coffee. '부족' is the correct choice here.

Wrong: 설탕 결핍 때문에 커피가 써요. (The coffee is bitter because of a sugar deficiency.) -> This sounds like the coffee is a living organism suffering from a disease.

Mistake 2: Confusing with '결여' (Gyeolyeo): While similar, '결여' is almost exclusively used for abstract qualities like 'responsibility,' 'common sense,' or 'sincerity.' '결핍' is broader and can include physical substances (nutrients, water).

Note: 상식 결여 (Lack of common sense) is more common than 상식 결핍.

Mistake 3: Incorrect Particle Usage: When using the verb '결핍되다', the thing that is lacking usually takes the subject marker '이/가', not the object marker '을/를'.

Correct: 비타민이 결핍되다. (To be vitamin deficient.)

Finally, remember that '결핍' is a noun. To use it as an adjective, you must use '결핍된' (deficient/lacking). Forgetting the '~된' or '~한' (in other words) is a common error among intermediate learners who treat nouns like adjectives.

To truly master '결핍', you must understand its relationship with other Korean words that mean 'lack' or 'shortage.' Each has a specific nuance that changes the meaning of the sentence.

부족 (Bujok) vs. 결핍 (Gyeolpip): '부족' is the most general word for 'not enough.' It can be used for time, money, sugar, or effort. '결핍' is much more serious and implies a critical or biological need is not being met.

용돈이 부족해요 (Short on pocket money) vs. 영양이 결핍되었어요 (Nutritionally deficient).

결여 (Gyeolyeo) vs. 결핍 (Gyeolpip): '결여' is specifically for abstract, intangible things that should be present but aren't, like 'leadership,' 'morality,' or 'common sense.' '결핍' is used for both physical substances and emotional needs.

빈곤 (Bingon) vs. 결핍 (Gyeolpip): '빈곤' means 'poverty.' It can be financial poverty (가난) or a 'poverty of ideas' (아이디어 빈곤). '결핍' is the state of lacking a specific thing, whereas '빈곤' is the general state of being poor or having very little of something.

Other related words include '고갈' (gogal), which means 'exhaustion' or 'depletion' (used for resources like oil or energy running out), and '기근' (gigeun), which means 'famine' or a severe shortage of something specific (like a 'job famine' - 취업 기근).

에너지 고갈 (Energy depletion) vs. 수분 결핍 (Water deficiency/Dehydration).

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The character 缺 (결) also appears in '결석' (absence from class) and '결점' (flaw). The character 乏 (핍) is less common but represents extreme lack.

دليل النطق

UK /ɡjʌl.pip/

US /ɡjʌl.pip/

The stress is balanced, but the second syllable 'pip' feels slightly shorter and tighter due to the final consonant.

يتقافى مع

수립 (surip) 대립 (daerip) 독립 (dongnip) 침입 (chimip) 가입 (gaip) 고립 (gorip) 흡입 (heubip) 편입 (pyeonip)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'gyeol' as 'geol' (missing the 'y').
Over-aspirating the final 'p' in 'pip'.
Confusing 'pip' with 'bip'.
Pronouncing 'eo' as 'o'.
Making the 'l' in 'gyeol' too vocalized like an English 'l'.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

الكتابة 4/5

Needs correct particle usage (~이 결핍되다 vs ~의 결핍).

التحدث 3/5

Common in specific topics like health or feelings, but '부족' is easier.

الاستماع 4/5

Sounds similar to other '결' words like '결정' or '결과'.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

부족 (Lack) 없다 (To not exist) 영양 (Nutrition) 사랑 (Love) 상태 (State)

تعلّم لاحقاً

결여 (Absence/Lack) 고갈 (Depletion) 충족 (Satisfaction) 보충 (Supplement) 과잉 (Excess)

متقدم

실존주의 (Existentialism) 면역계 (Immune system) 지정학 (Geopolitics) 악순환 (Vicious cycle) 승화 (Sublimation)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Noun + 의 (Possessive)

지식의 결핍 (Lack of knowledge)

~이/가 결핍되다 (Passive state)

수분이 결핍되다 (To be dehydrated/lacking water)

~으로 인한 (Due to)

결핍으로 인한 문제 (Problems due to deficiency)

~을/를 초래하다 (To cause)

수면 결핍을 초래하다 (To cause sleep deprivation)

Noun + 증 (Syndrome/Disease)

면역결핍증 (Immunodeficiency syndrome)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

비타민 결핍은 건강에 나빠요.

Vitamin deficiency is bad for health.

Noun + 은/는

그 아이는 사랑 결핍이에요.

That child has a lack of love.

Noun + 이에요

물 결핍이 심각해요.

Water deficiency is serious.

Noun + 이/가

영양 결핍을 조심하세요.

Be careful of nutritional deficiency.

Noun + 을/를

잠 결핍 때문에 피곤해요.

I am tired because of sleep deficiency.

Noun + 때문에

이 식물은 햇빛 결핍이에요.

This plant has a lack of sunlight.

Noun + 이에요

그는 돈 결핍으로 힘들어요.

He is struggling with a lack of money.

Noun + 으로 (due to)

결핍은 슬픈 일이에요.

Deficiency is a sad thing.

Basic noun usage

철분 결핍 증상이 있나요?

Do you have iron deficiency symptoms?

Noun + 증상 (symptom)

애정 결핍은 성격에 영향을 줘요.

Lack of affection affects personality.

영향을 주다 (to influence)

수면 결핍은 집중력을 떨어뜨려요.

Sleep deficiency lowers concentration.

떨어뜨리다 (to drop/lower)

많은 사람들이 비타민 D 결핍입니다.

Many people are vitamin D deficient.

Formal ending -입니다

가뭄으로 인해 물 결핍이 생겼어요.

A water deficiency occurred due to the drought.

~으로 인해 (due to)

이 음식은 단백질 결핍을 예방해요.

This food prevents protein deficiency.

예방하다 (to prevent)

어린 시절의 정서적 결핍이 컸어요.

The emotional deprivation in childhood was great.

Adjective + 결핍

결핍된 부분을 채워야 합니다.

We must fill the deficient parts.

결핍된 (deficient/past participle)

그 환자는 심각한 영양 결핍 상태입니다.

The patient is in a state of severe nutritional deficiency.

Noun + 상태 (state)

현대 사회는 인간미의 결핍이 문제입니다.

The lack of humanity is a problem in modern society.

Noun + 의 (possessive)

그의 행동은 애정 결핍에서 비롯되었습니다.

His behavior originated from a lack of affection.

비롯되다 (to originate from)

이 지역은 식수 결핍으로 고통받고 있습니다.

This region is suffering from a lack of drinking water.

고통받다 (to suffer)

창의성 결핍은 교육의 문제입니다.

The lack of creativity is an educational problem.

Subject marker '은'

그 보고서는 객관성이 결핍되어 있습니다.

The report lacks objectivity.

결핍되어 있다 (state of lacking)

비타민 결핍을 보충하기 위해 약을 먹어요.

I take medicine to supplement my vitamin deficiency.

보충하다 (to supplement)

그는 자신감 결핍으로 기회를 놓쳤어요.

He missed the opportunity due to a lack of self-confidence.

Noun + 으로 (cause)

경제적 결핍이 범죄의 원인이 되기도 합니다.

Economic deprivation sometimes becomes the cause of crime.

기도 하다 (sometimes does)

이 소설은 주인공의 내면적 결핍을 다룹니다.

This novel deals with the protagonist's inner deficiency.

다루다 (to deal with/cover)

지속적인 수면 결핍은 면역력을 약화시킵니다.

Continuous sleep deprivation weakens the immune system.

약화시키다 (to weaken)

전문 지식의 결핍으로 인해 사업에 실패했다.

The business failed due to a lack of professional knowledge.

Formal written style (~했다)

그는 도덕적 결핍이 있는 사람으로 비춰졌다.

He was perceived as a person with a moral deficiency.

비춰지다 (to be perceived/reflected)

민주주의의 결핍은 사회적 불안을 초래한다.

A deficit of democracy brings about social unrest.

초래하다 (to bring about/cause)

우리는 자원 결핍 시대에 살고 있습니다.

We are living in an era of resource deficiency.

Noun + 시대 (era)

그녀는 정서적 결핍을 예술로 승화시켰다.

She sublimated her emotional deprivation into art.

승화시키다 (to sublimate)

인간의 욕망은 근원적 결핍에서 기인한다.

Human desire stems from a fundamental deficiency.

기인하다 (to result from)

이 정책은 현장의 정보 결핍을 간과하고 있다.

This policy overlooks the lack of information on the ground.

간과하다 (to overlook)

그의 철학은 존재의 결핍에 천착한다.

His philosophy delves into the deficiency of existence.

천착하다 (to delve into/study deeply)

사회 시스템의 결핍이 빈곤의 악순환을 만든다.

Deficiencies in the social system create a vicious cycle of poverty.

악순환 (vicious cycle)

문화적 결핍은 계층 간의 갈등을 심화시킨다.

Cultural deprivation deepens conflicts between classes.

심화시키다 (to deepen/intensify)

그 작가는 언어의 결핍을 침묵으로 표현했다.

The writer expressed the deficiency of language through silence.

Noun + 으로 (means)

식량 결핍 문제는 지정학적 위기와 직결된다.

The food deficiency problem is directly linked to geopolitical crises.

직결되다 (to be directly linked)

자아의 결핍을 타인을 통해 채우려 해서는 안 된다.

One should not try to fill the deficiency of the self through others.

~으려 하다 (to try to)

실존적 결핍은 인간 조건의 필연적 산물이다.

Existential deficiency is an inevitable product of the human condition.

필연적 산물 (inevitable product)

자본의 결핍보다 무서운 것은 상상력의 결핍이다.

What is scarier than a lack of capital is a lack of imagination.

Comparison structure (~보다)

권력의 결핍이 아닌, 권력의 과잉이 파멸을 부른다.

It is not a lack of power, but an excess of power that brings ruin.

Contrastive structure (~이 아닌, ~이)

정당성의 결핍은 체제의 붕괴를 가속화할 뿐이다.

A lack of legitimacy only accelerates the collapse of the regime.

가속화하다 (to accelerate)

언어적 결핍은 사고의 한계를 규정짓는 요인이다.

Linguistic deficiency is a factor that defines the limits of thought.

규정짓다 (to define/stipulate)

타자에 대한 공감 결핍은 현대 문명의 그림자다.

The lack of empathy for the 'other' is the shadow of modern civilization.

Metaphorical usage (그림자)

기술적 결핍을 윤리적 책임으로 전가해서는 안 된다.

Technical deficiencies should not be shifted to ethical responsibility.

전가하다 (to shift blame/responsibility)

결핍은 창조의 원동력이자 파괴의 씨앗이기도 하다.

Deficiency is both the driving force of creation and the seed of destruction.

~이자 (both A and B)

المرادفات

부족 결여 고갈 희귀

الأضداد

과잉 풍부 충족

تلازمات شائعة

영양 결핍

애정 결핍

비타민 결핍

수면 결핍

산소 결핍

자원 결핍

정서적 결핍

도덕적 결핍

식수 결핍

정보 결핍

العبارات الشائعة

결핍을 느끼다

— To feel a sense of lack or deficiency.

그는 삶에서 무언가 결핍을 느끼고 있다.

결핍을 채우다

— To fill a gap or satisfy a deficiency.

취미 생활로 마음의 결핍을 채웠다.

결핍이 생기다

— For a deficiency to occur or develop.

몸에 영양 결핍이 생기지 않도록 하세요.

결핍에 시달리다

— To suffer from a deficiency.

그는 만성 수면 결핍에 시달리고 있다.

결핍을 초래하다

— To cause or lead to a deficiency.

잘못된 습관이 결핍을 초래했다.

결핍을 보충하다

— To supplement or make up for a lack.

약을 통해 비타민 결핍을 보충했다.

결핍의 원인

— The cause of the deficiency.

결핍의 원인을 파악하는 것이 중요하다.

결핍된 상태

— A state of being deficient.

결핍된 상태에서는 성장이 어렵다.

결핍 증상

— Symptoms of a deficiency.

결핍 증상이 나타나면 병원에 가세요.

결핍을 극복하다

— To overcome a deficiency.

그는 노력으로 정서적 결핍을 극복했다.

يُخلط عادةً مع

결핍 vs 부족

General 'not enough'; less serious than 결핍.

결핍 vs 결여

Used for abstract qualities (honesty, common sense) rather than physical/emotional needs.

결핍 vs 고갈

Means 'running out' of something that was once there (like oil or energy).

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"애정 결핍증"

— Attention-seeking behavior caused by a lack of love.

그는 애정 결핍증처럼 행동한다.

Informal/Psychology

"영혼의 결핍"

— A deep sense of existential or spiritual emptiness.

현대인은 영혼의 결핍을 겪고 있다.

Literary

"결핍의 미학"

— The beauty of imperfection or lacking (often in art).

이 작품은 결핍의 미학을 보여준다.

Artistic

"결핍이 낳은 괴물"

— A person who became 'monstrous' due to severe deprivation.

그는 환경적 결핍이 낳은 괴물이었다.

Dramatic

"결핍의 역설"

— The paradox where lacking something leads to greater growth.

결핍의 역설은 우리를 강하게 한다.

Philosophical

"마음의 허기"

— Emotional hunger (synonymous with emotional 결핍).

마음의 허기를 달래려 폭식을 했다.

Metaphorical

"구멍 난 가슴"

— A heart with a hole (symbolizing deep 결핍).

구멍 난 가슴에 찬바람이 분다.

Poetic

"빈자리를 채우다"

— To fill an empty spot (often used when someone is missing).

그의 빈자리를 결핍이 대신했다.

Emotional

"뿌리 깊은 결핍"

— A deep-seated, long-term deficiency.

그의 분노는 뿌리 깊은 결핍에서 왔다.

Formal

"결핍을 먹고 자라다"

— To grow up fueled by one's hardships or lacks.

그 선수는 결핍을 먹고 자라 성공했다.

Inspirational

سهل الخلط

결핍 vs 결여

Both mean 'lack'.

'결여' is for abstract traits (leadership, common sense). '결핍' is for essential needs (vitamins, love).

도덕성 결여 vs. 비타민 결핍

결핍 vs 부족

Both mean 'lack'.

'부족' is general and common. '결핍' is formal and implies a critical deficiency.

시간 부족 vs. 영양 결핍

결핍 vs 빈곤

Both relate to having little.

'빈곤' is the state of poverty. '결핍' is the specific thing that is missing.

경제적 빈곤 vs. 식량 결핍

결핍 vs 희소

Both relate to scarcity.

'희소' means something is rare in the world. '결핍' means you don't have enough of what you need.

희소 가치 vs. 산소 결핍

결핍 vs 기근

Both mean extreme lack.

'기근' is a famine or a widespread social shortage. '결핍' is often individual or biological.

취업 기근 vs. 애정 결핍

أنماط الجُمل

[Noun] 결핍이에요.

비타민 결핍이에요.

[Noun]이/가 결핍되어 있어요.

영양이 결핍되어 있어요.

[Noun]의 결핍이 문제예요.

사랑의 결핍이 문제예요.

[Noun] 결핍으로 인해 [Result].

수면 결핍으로 인해 피곤해요.

[Noun] 결핍을 보충해야 해요.

철분 결핍을 보충해야 해요.

[Noun]의 결핍을 초래하다.

환경 오염이 자원의 결핍을 초래하다.

[Noun] 결핍 증상을 보이다.

그는 애정 결핍 증상을 보였다.

결핍은 [Noun]의 원동력이다.

결핍은 예술적 창조의 원동력이다.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

결핍 (Deficiency)

결핍증 (Deficiency disease/syndrome)

부족 (Lack)

결여 (Absence/Lack)

الأفعال

결핍되다 (To be deficient)

결핍시키다 (To make something deficient)

الصفات

결핍된 (Deficient/Lacking)

핍절하다 (To be destitute/lacking - rare)

مرتبط

부족 (Shortage)

빈곤 (Poverty)

결여 (Lack)

고갈 (Exhaustion)

희소성 (Scarcity)

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

High in medical, psychological, and news domains; medium in daily life.

أخطاء شائعة

시간 결핍 (Sigan gyeolpip) → 시간 부족 (Sigan bujok)
Time is not a biological or essential nutrient; '부족' is more natural.
비타민을 결핍해요 (Vitamin-eul gyeolpip-haeyo) → 비타민이 결핍되었어요 (Vitamin-i gyeolpip-doeeosseoyo)
'결핍' is a state, so use '결핍되다' with the subject marker '이/가'.
상식 결핍 (Sangsik gyeolpip) → 상식 결여 (Sangsik gyeolyeo)
For abstract qualities like common sense, '결여' is the standard term.
돈 결핍 (Don gyeolpip) → 돈 부족 / 경제적 빈곤
'결핍' is rarely used for money unless in very specific economic theory.
설탕 결핍 (Seoltang gyeolpip) → 설탕 부족
Unless it's a medical condition where your body lacks sugar, use '부족'.

نصائح

Use for Needs

Always use '결핍' for things that are essential for survival or healthy development, like nutrients or love.

Academic Writing

In papers, use '결핍' to describe gaps in data or systemic failures to sound more professional.

Emotional Nuance

Use '애정 결핍' to describe the deep-seated feeling of not being loved, rather than just feeling lonely.

Doctor Talk

When at a Korean hospital, listen for '결핍' to understand if you have a nutrient deficiency.

Vs. Bujok

If you can live without it for a day, use '부족'. If it's a serious problem, use '결핍'.

Particle Check

Remember: [Substance]이/가 결핍되다. The substance is the subject.

Compound Nouns

Memorize '영양 결핍' and '애정 결핍' as fixed blocks; they are the most common.

Social Issues

Use '식수 결핍' or '식량 결핍' when discussing global humanitarian issues.

Gap and Poverty

Remember the Hanja: 결 (Gap) + 핍 (Poverty) = Deficiency.

Softening

In casual settings, using '결핍' can sound a bit strong, so use '부족' to be softer.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'Gyeol' as a 'Gap' and 'Pip' as 'Empty'. A 'Gap' that is 'Empty' is a deficiency.

ربط بصري

Imagine a vitamin bottle with only one pill left, or a child standing alone in a playground while others are hugged by parents.

Word Web

영양 (Nutrition) 애정 (Affection) 비타민 (Vitamin) 심리 (Psychology) 부족 (Lack) 상태 (State) 보충 (Supplement) 원인 (Cause)

تحدٍّ

Try to write three sentences using '결핍': one about food, one about feelings, and one about a social problem.

أصل الكلمة

From Sino-Korean (Hanja) roots.

المعنى الأصلي: 缺 (결) means 'to be chipped, missing, or vacant.' 乏 (핍) means 'to be poor, lacking, or tired.'

Sino-Korean

السياق الثقافي

Calling someone '애정 결핍' can be seen as a bit of a psychological label or even a mild insult, implying they are 'needy'. Use it with care.

In English, we often use 'deficiency' for health and 'lack' for emotions. '결핍' covers both but feels slightly more clinical than 'lack'.

The concept of '애정 결핍' is a recurring theme in K-Dramas like 'It's Okay to Not Be Okay'. Medical documentaries on KBS often use '영양 결핍' when discussing the health of the elderly. Psychological essays by authors like Kim Hye-nam often discuss the '결핍' of the modern soul.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Hospital/Clinic

영양 결핍입니다.
비타민 결핍 증상이에요.
철분을 보충하세요.
검사 결과 결핍이 보입니다.

Psychology/Counseling

애정 결핍이 있으시네요.
정서적 결핍을 채워야 해요.
어린 시절의 결핍입니다.
자존감 결핍이 원인이에요.

News/Documentary

식량 결핍이 심각합니다.
자원 결핍 시대입니다.
수면 결핍이 늘고 있습니다.
사회적 결핍을 해결합시다.

Academic/Writing

데이터의 결핍이 관찰된다.
논리적 결핍이 있다.
정보 결핍을 보완해야 한다.
결핍의 원인을 규명한다.

Everyday Conversation

잠 결핍이라 너무 졸려.
애정 결핍인 것 같아.
결핍을 느끼는 부분이 뭐야?
그건 상식 결핍이지.

بدايات محادثة

"최근에 비타민 결핍 증상을 느껴본 적이 있나요?"

"현대인들에게 가장 심각한 결핍은 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"애정 결핍이 성격 형성에 어떤 영향을 미친다고 보시나요?"

"자원 결핍 문제를 해결하기 위해 우리가 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요?"

"자신에게 어떤 결핍이 있다고 느낄 때 어떻게 그것을 채우나요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

내가 살면서 느꼈던 가장 큰 '결핍'은 무엇이었으며, 그것이 나를 어떻게 변화시켰는지 써보세요.

우리 사회가 겪고 있는 '공감 결핍'의 문제와 그 해결책에 대해 논해 보세요.

만약 내가 한 가지 영양소의 결핍을 평생 겪어야 한다면, 무엇을 선택하고 어떻게 대처할지 상상해 보세요.

'결핍은 창조의 어머니이다'라는 말에 대해 자신의 생각을 적어보세요.

어린 시절의 정서적 결핍이 성인이 된 후의 인간관계에 미치는 영향에 대해 서술하세요.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Usually no. '시간 부족' is much more natural. '시간 결핍' sounds like a scientific or philosophical term about the absence of time itself.

Use '결핍' for things you need to function (like vitamins or love). Use '결여' for abstract qualities you should have (like common sense or responsibility).

Not strictly in a clinical manual like the DSM, but it is a very common psychological term used by professionals and the public in Korea.

You say '비타민 결핍' (vitamin gyeolpip). You can also say '비타민 부족' in casual speech.

Generally yes, as it implies a lack of something necessary. However, in philosophy or art, it can be discussed as a neutral or even productive state.

Yes, as '결핍되다' (to be deficient). For example, '영양이 결핍되다'.

It is slang/abbreviation for '애정 결핍' (lack of affection), often used to describe someone who is needy.

It's better to use '가난' (poverty) or '부족' (shortage). '자금 결핍' is possible in very formal economic contexts.

It is '결핍되다'. You don't 'do' deficiency; you are in a state of it.

缺 (결 - lack/chip) and 乏 (핍 - poor/lack).

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