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B1 noun #1,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

جهاز

jihaz Top 1,000

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At the A1 level, you should recognize 'jihāz' as a basic word for a 'thing' or 'gadget.' You will mostly see it in the context of technology. For example, if you are talking about your phone or a computer, you can use 'jihāz.' It is a masculine noun. You might learn it in phrases like 'This is my device' (Hādha jihāzī). At this stage, don't worry about the complex medical or political meanings. Just think of it as the word for an electronic item. You should also learn its plural, 'ajhiza,' and remember that when you describe many devices, you use a feminine singular adjective, like 'ajhiza jadīda' (new devices). This is a great word to use when you don't know the specific name of a machine in a shop. You can just point and say 'Hādha al-jihāz' (This device). It's a very helpful 'placeholder' word for beginners.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'jihāz' in more specific contexts, particularly around the house and school. You will learn compound terms like 'jihāz al-tabrīd' (refrigerator/cooling device) or 'jihāz al-taskhīn' (heater). You will also encounter it in basic health contexts, such as 'jihāz al-tanaffus' (respiratory system) if you are learning about the body. You should be able to use the word in the 'Idafa' construction, where 'jihāz' is followed by another noun to specify what it does. For example, 'jihāz al-talfāz' (the television set). You will also start to see it in simple instructions, like 'Iftaḥ al-jihāz' (Open/Turn on the device) or 'Aghliq al-jihāz' (Close/Turn off the device). Your focus should be on expanding the variety of 'devices' you can name using this word as a base.

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At the B1 level, 'jihāz' becomes a tool for discussing more abstract and technical topics. You are expected to understand its use in describing biological systems (digestive, nervous, etc.) and administrative bodies. You will hear it frequently in news reports referring to the 'security apparatus' or 'intelligence services.' At this level, you should be comfortable with the word's grammar, including case endings in formal speech. You should also be able to distinguish 'jihāz' from 'āla' (machine) and 'adāt' (tool). You might use it to describe your hobbies, such as 'ajhizat al-taṣwīr' (photography equipment). You should also be aware of the cultural term 'Jihāz al-Arūsa' (bridal trousseau) and understand its significance in Arab society. This is the level where the word moves from being a simple label for a gadget to a complex term for systems and organizations.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'jihāz' fluently in professional and academic discussions. You will use it to describe complex mechanisms, such as 'jihāz al-munaẓẓim' (regulatory body) or 'jihāz al-raqāba' (censorship/oversight apparatus). You should be able to discuss the efficiency and function of various 'ajhiza' in a technical report or a debate. Your vocabulary should include specialized terms like 'jihāz al-isti'shār' (sensor) and 'jihāz al-ba'th' (transmitter). You will also encounter the word in literature and high-level journalism, where it might be used metaphorically to describe the 'machinery' of a plot or a social movement. At this stage, you should have a nuanced understanding of how 'jihāz' functions as a collective noun for organizations and how it differs from 'mu'assasa' (institution).

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At the C1 level, you are exploring the philosophical and highly technical depths of the word 'jihāz.' You will encounter it in legal texts, where it refers to specific judicial or executive bodies with precise powers. You will read academic papers in sociology or political science that analyze the 'state apparatus' (al-jihāz al-idārī lil-dawla) and its impact on society. You should be able to use the word to describe intricate conceptual systems, such as the 'perceptual apparatus' in psychology. Your use of the word should be precise, reflecting an understanding of its root (j-h-z) and how that implies a state of readiness and outfitting. You will also be familiar with rare or archaic uses of the word in classical literature, where it might refer to the equipment of a traveler or a soldier.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'jihāz' is near-native. You can appreciate the subtle connotations the word carries in different Arabic dialects versus Modern Standard Arabic. You can engage in high-level discourse about the 'ideological state apparatus' (Al-jihāz al-idiyūlūjī lil-dawla) as discussed in Marxist theory, or the 'psychic apparatus' in Freudian analysis. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its roots in the preparation of caravans to its modern technological and systemic meanings. You can use the word with stylistic flair in creative writing, utilizing its rhythmic properties and its ability to evoke both the cold precision of a machine and the organic complexity of a living system. You are also fully aware of the legal and bureaucratic nuances of the word in various Arab jurisdictions.

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جهاز in 30 Sekunden

Jihāz means 'device' or 'system' and is used for electronics, biology, and government.
The plural is 'ajhiza,' which is a non-human plural requiring feminine singular adjectives.
It comes from a root meaning 'to prepare' or 'to outfit,' reflecting its functional nature.
Common examples include 'jihāz al-ḥāsūb' (computer) and 'jihāz al-manāʿa' (immune system).

The Arabic word جهاز (Jihāz) is a remarkably versatile noun that serves as a cornerstone for technical, medical, and social vocabulary in the Arabic language. At its most fundamental level, it refers to a 'device' or 'apparatus'—essentially any physical or conceptual entity designed to perform a specific set of functions. For an English speaker, the closest equivalents are 'device,' 'system,' 'appliance,' or 'hardware.' However, the semantic range of jihāz extends far beyond just electronic gadgets. It is used to describe biological systems within the human body, administrative bodies within a government, and even the traditional collection of items a bride prepares for her new home.

Technical Context: In the modern world, this is the most common usage. Whether you are talking about a smartphone, a laptop, or a microwave, you are talking about a جهاز. It implies a level of complexity and intentional design.

هل يمكنني شحن هذا الجهاز هنا؟ (Can I charge this device here?)

Biological Context: In medicine and biology, the word describes an organ system. For instance, the respiratory system is al-jihāz al-tanaffusī. This usage highlights the 'systemic' nature of the word, where multiple parts work together for one goal.

The word's root, ج-ه-ز (j-h-z), relates to the concept of preparation or being 'ready.' This is why a 'jihāz' is something that has been 'prepared' or 'outfitted' to do a job. In a sociological context, particularly in the Levant and Egypt, 'Jihāz al-Arūsa' refers to the furniture, clothes, and appliances a bride gathers before marriage. This demonstrates that the word isn't just about cold machinery; it’s about the essential 'kit' or 'outfit' required for a specific life stage or function. In political discourse, 'Jihāz al-Dawla' refers to the state apparatus or the machinery of government, including the police and intelligence services. This wide breadth of usage makes it one of the most important B1-level words to master, as it bridges the gap between daily conversation and specialized professional fields.

يعاني المريض من مشكلة في الجهاز الهضمي. (The patient suffers from a problem in the digestive system.)

Societal Context: The 'Jihaz' of a bride is a major cultural investment, often discussed in terms of quality and completeness, showing the word's link to 'essential equipment' for living.

Using جهاز correctly requires understanding its plural form and its role in possessive constructions (Idafa). The plural is أجهزة (Ajhiza). Because it is a non-human plural, any adjectives describing 'devices' must be in the feminine singular form. For example, 'modern devices' is ajhiza hadītha. This is a common stumbling block for English speakers who expect a plural adjective. When using the word in a sentence, it often acts as the head of an Idafa phrase to specify the type of device.

The Idafa Structure: To say 'computer,' you often say 'jihāz al-ḥāsūb' (the device of the computer), though 'ḥāsūb' alone is common. To say 'remote control,' you say 'jihāz al-taḥakkum'.

هذه الأجهزة تعمل بالطاقة الشمسية. (These devices work on solar energy.)

In grammatical terms, jihāz is a fully declinable noun. It takes the definite article al- to become al-jihāz. When it is the subject of a sentence, it ends in a damma (u); when it is the object, it ends in a fatha (a); and after a preposition, it ends in a kasra (i). For example: 'The device is broken' (al-jihāzu muʿaṭṭal), 'I fixed the device' (aṣlaḥtu al-jihāza), and 'I looked at the device' (naẓartu ilā al-jihāzi). Mastering these case endings, even if only in formal speech, adds a layer of precision to your Arabic.

اشتريت جهازاً جديداً للرياضة. (I bought a new device for exercise.)

Abstract Usage: When discussing the 'state apparatus' (jihāz al-dawla), the word functions as a singular collective noun. You treat it as a single entity even though it comprises thousands of people and departments.

Furthermore, in the context of security, 'Jihāz al-Amn' refers to the security apparatus or secret police. This is a common term in news broadcasts across the Arab world. When you hear this, the word jihāz carries a weight of authority and systemic power. In contrast, in a domestic setting, 'jihāz al-tabrīd' simply means the cooling system or refrigerator. The context dictates the gravity of the word, but the structure remains the same: Jihāz + [Function/Owner].

أين جهاز التحكم عن بعد؟ (Where is the remote control device?)

You will encounter جهاز in almost every facet of modern Arab life. If you are in a hospital, the doctors will discuss the jihāz al-manāʿa (immune system) or use various ajhiza ṭibbiyya (medical devices) to diagnose you. In the news, anchors frequently mention the jihāz al-mukhabarāt (intelligence service) or the jihāz al-qaḍā'ī (judicial apparatus). These are high-frequency terms in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) media. The word is indispensable for understanding current events and professional discussions.

In the Tech World: When setting up a new iPhone or Android in Arabic, the setup screen will often say 'إعداد الجهاز' (Setting up the device). Tech support will ask you to 'إعادة تشغيل الجهاز' (Restart the device).

يجب تحديث برنامج هذا الجهاز فوراً. (The software of this device must be updated immediately.)

In daily life, especially in Egypt and the Gulf, you'll hear it in the context of shopping. 'Jihāz al-Arūsa' exhibitions are massive events where families buy everything from washing machines to linens. Here, the word takes on a festive, commercial, and traditional tone. It represents the 'kit' required to start a new life. If you are watching a documentary about space, you will hear about ajhizat al-isti'shār (sensing devices/sensors) on a satellite. The word's ability to scale from a tiny sensor to a massive government body is its most defining feature.

In the Classroom: Teachers use it to refer to the 'jihāz al-isqāṭ' (projector) or any educational hardware. It is the standard term for any piece of equipment used for teaching.

تم ضبط جهاز الإنذار في الساعة السادسة. (The alarm device/clock was set for six o'clock.)

Finally, in the realm of fitness, you'll hear about 'ajhizat al-jim' (gym equipment). Each treadmill, elliptical, or weight machine is a jihāz. This highlights that the word applies to mechanical, non-electronic equipment as well. Whether it's a 'jihāz al-jarī' (treadmill) or a 'jihāz al-tanazzuh' (recreational equipment), the word is the universal label for 'the thing that does the thing.'

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing جهاز with similar words like āla (machine) or adāt (tool). While they overlap, they are not interchangeable. An āla is typically a larger, mechanical machine (like a factory machine or a musical instrument), whereas a jihāz is often more complex, electronic, or systemic. An adāt is a simple tool, like a hammer or a screwdriver. Calling a smartphone an 'adāt' sounds like you're calling it a primitive utensil.

Gender Agreement: As mentioned, jihāz is masculine. Learners often mistakenly use feminine demonstratives (hādhihi) because they think of 'machine' (āla), which is feminine. Always use 'hādha al-jihāz'.

خطأ: هذه الجهاز قديمة. (Wrong: This device is old - using feminine). صح: هذا الجهاز قديم.

Another mistake involves the plural ajhiza. Learners often forget the 'non-human plural rule' and try to make the adjective plural (e.g., ajhiza hadīthūn). The correct form is always feminine singular: ajhiza hadītha. Additionally, in the context of 'bridal jihāz,' some learners might think it refers to the wedding ceremony itself. It does not; it refers strictly to the physical items and 'outfitting' prepared for the marriage.

Confusion with 'Ma'iddāt': 'Ma'iddāt' means 'equipment' in a general, collective sense (like construction equipment). Jihāz is usually a specific, discrete unit or a biological/political system.

هل هذا الجهاز أصلي؟ (Is this device original/genuine?)

Finally, be careful with the pronunciation. The 'j' (ج) should be a clear 'j' as in 'jam,' and the 'z' (ز) should be a sharp 'z' as in 'zebra.' Some learners confuse the 'z' with 'dh' (ذ) or 's' (س), which can change the meaning or make the word unrecognizable. The long 'ā' sound in the middle is crucial for distinguishing it from the verb 'jahhaza' (to prepare).

To truly master جهاز, you must understand its neighbors in the semantic field of 'things that work.' While jihāz is the most common word for a functional unit, other words provide more specific nuances. Understanding these differences will elevate your Arabic from 'functional' to 'fluent.'

Jihāz vs. Āla (آلة): Jihāz: Usually electronic, complex, or systemic (e.g., smartphone, nervous system).
Āla: Usually mechanical or musical (e.g., factory machine, piano, washing machine).
Jihāz vs. Adāt (أداة): Jihāz: A complex device with internal parts.
Adāt: A simple tool or instrument (e.g., a pen, a hammer, a grammatical particle).
Jihāz vs. Niẓām (نظام): Jihāz: The physical apparatus or the specific body.
Niẓām: The abstract system or order (e.g., the political system, the operating system software).

نستخدم أجهزة الحاسوب لتطوير النظام. (We use computer devices to develop the system.)

In some contexts, you might hear mākinah (ماكينة), which is a direct loanword for 'machine,' often used for car engines or sewing machines. Jihāz remains the more formal and broader term. In medical contexts, ʿuḍw (عضو) means 'organ,' while jihāz means the whole 'system' (like the circulatory system). Knowing when to use jihāz instead of niẓām is key: jihāz is the 'machinery' (physical or administrative), while niẓām is the 'method' or 'regime.'

هذا الجهاز هو الأحدث في السوق. (This device is the newest in the market.)

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"يعمل الجهاز القضائي بنزاهة."

Neutral

"أين جهاز التحكم؟"

Informell

"جهازي خربان."

Child friendly

"هذا الجهاز العجيب يخرج فقاعات!"

Umgangssprache

"الجهاز فاصِل شحن."

Wusstest du?

The word originally described the 'outfitting' of a camel caravan. Today, it describes the 'outfitting' of a computer with silicon chips!

Aussprachehilfe

UK /dʒɪˈhɑːz/

US /dʒəˈhɑːz/

The stress is on the second syllable: ji-HĀZ.

Reimt sich auf

Ingāz (Achievement) I'jāz (Miracle) Majāz (Metaphor) Inḥiyāz (Bias) Imtiyāz (Excellence) Ijtiyāz (Passing) Ihtizāz (Vibration) Irtikāz (Focus)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing the 'j' as a 'y' (Yihaz).
Shortening the 'ā' sound (Jihaz instead of Jihāz).
Confusing the 'z' with an 's' (Jihas).
Adding an extra vowel at the end (Jihazu - though correct in formal case endings, it sounds odd in casual speech).
Mispronouncing the 'j' as a French 'j' (Zhihaz).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 2/5

Easy to recognize once the root is known.

Schreiben 3/5

Requires remembering the 'z' and the plural 'ajhiza'.

Sprechen 3/5

The long 'ā' must be pronounced clearly.

Hören 2/5

Very common in news and tech contexts.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

آلة أداة نظام جديد عمل

Als Nächstes lernen

تقنية إلكتروني صيانة تطوير هيكل

Fortgeschritten

بيروقراطية استخبارات أيديولوجيا تشريعي تنفيذي

Wichtige Grammatik

Non-human Plurals

الأجهزة (plural) + حديثة (singular feminine adjective).

Idafa Construction

جهازُ الحاسوبِ (The computer device).

Possessive Suffixes

جهازي (My device), جهازك (Your device).

Gender Agreement

هذا الجهاز (Masculine demonstrative).

Case Endings

رأيتُ الجهازَ (Accusative object).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

هذا جهازي الجديد.

This is my new device.

Possessive suffix '-ī' attached to 'jihāz'.

أين الجهاز؟

Where is the device?

Definite article 'al-' added.

الجهاز في الغرفة.

The device is in the room.

Simple nominal sentence.

هذا جهاز حاسوب.

This is a computer device.

Idafa construction (indefinite).

أريد جهازاً صغيراً.

I want a small device.

Accusative case (tanwin fatha) for the object.

الجهاز مكسور.

The device is broken.

Subject-predicate agreement (masculine).

شكراً على هذا الجهاز.

Thank you for this device.

Use of 'hādha' before the noun.

هذه أجهزة جميلة.

These are beautiful devices.

Non-human plural 'ajhiza' takes feminine singular adjective 'jamīla'.

اشتريت جهازاً للمطبخ.

I bought an appliance for the kitchen.

Use of preposition 'li-' (for).

هل يعمل الجهاز الآن؟

Is the device working now?

Present tense verb 'ya'mal'.

جهاز التحكم ضائع.

The remote control is lost.

Idafa: 'jihāz al-taḥakkum'.

نحتاج إلى أجهزة جديدة للمكتب.

We need new devices for the office.

Plural 'ajhiza' with feminine adjective.

هذا الجهاز سهل الاستخدام.

This device is easy to use.

Adjective phrase 'sahl al-istikhdām'.

لا تلمس هذا الجهاز.

Do not touch this device.

Negative imperative 'lā talmas'.

الجهاز يسخن بسرعة.

The device heats up quickly.

Verb 'yaskhun' (to heat up).

كم سعر هذا الجهاز؟

How much is the price of this device?

Question word 'kam' for price.

الجهاز العصبي معقد جداً.

The nervous system is very complex.

Biological use of 'jihāz'.

تم إصلاح الجهاز في المركز.

The device was repaired at the center.

Passive voice 'tumma iṣlāḥ'.

يستخدم الطبيب أجهزة حديثة.

The doctor uses modern devices.

Object of the verb 'yastakhdim'.

جهاز المناعة يحمي الجسم.

The immune system protects the body.

Abstract biological system.

هل قمت بشحن الجهاز بالكامل؟

Did you charge the device completely?

Verbal noun 'shaḥn' in Idafa.

توقف الجهاز عن العمل فجأة.

The device stopped working suddenly.

Verb 'tawaqqaf' followed by 'an'.

هذا الجهاز يوفر الطاقة.

This device saves energy.

Verb 'yuwaffir' (to save/provide).

علينا فحص الجهاز بانتظام.

We must check the device regularly.

Modal 'alaynā' + masdar 'faḥṣ'.

يعمل الجهاز الإداري بكفاءة عالية.

The administrative apparatus works with high efficiency.

Political/Administrative usage.

تم تطوير جهاز استشعار جديد.

A new sensor device has been developed.

Specific technical term 'jihāz istish'ār'.

الجهاز القضائي مستقل في هذه الدولة.

The judicial apparatus is independent in this country.

Adjective 'qaḍā'ī' (judicial).

يجب صيانة الأجهزة بشكل دوري.

The devices must be maintained periodically.

Passive requirement with 'yajib'.

هذا الجهاز يدعم تقنية الجيل الخامس.

This device supports 5G technology.

Verb 'yad'am' (to support).

تعطل الجهاز بسبب ماس كهربائي.

The device broke down due to a short circuit.

Causal 'bi-sabab'.

الجهاز الهضمي يبدأ من الفم.

The digestive system starts from the mouth.

Scientific description.

أصدر الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء تقريراً.

The Central Agency for Statistics issued a report.

Proper noun usage for a government body.

خضع جهاز الدولة لإصلاحات هيكلية.

The state apparatus underwent structural reforms.

Verb 'khada'a' (to undergo/be subject to).

يعتبر الجهاز البصري معجزة بيولوجية.

The visual apparatus is considered a biological miracle.

Passive 'yu'tabar' (is considered).

تم اختراق الجهاز الأمني للمنشأة.

The security apparatus of the facility was breached.

Masdar 'ikhtirāq' (breach/hacking).

الجهاز المفاهيمي للكاتب غني جداً.

The writer's conceptual apparatus is very rich.

Metaphorical/Philosophical usage.

تعتمد الأجهزة الاستخباراتية على جمع البيانات.

Intelligence agencies rely on data collection.

Adjective 'istikhbārātiyya'.

الجهاز التنفسي يتأثر بالتلوث البيئي.

The respiratory system is affected by environmental pollution.

Passive 'yata'aththar' (is affected).

تم تحديث الجهاز التشريعي لمواكبة العصر.

The legislative apparatus was updated to keep pace with the times.

Verb 'muwākaba' (to keep pace).

هذا الجهاز يمتلك قدرة معالجة فائقة.

This device possesses superior processing power.

Adjective 'fā'iqa' (superior/extreme).

تفكيك الجهاز البيروقراطي يتطلب إرادة سياسية.

Dismantling the bureaucratic apparatus requires political will.

Masdar 'tafkīk' (dismantling).

الجهاز النفسي يعمل وفق آليات دفاعية.

The psychic apparatus works according to defense mechanisms.

Psychoanalytic terminology.

إن الجهاز الدبلوماسي هو خط الدفاع الأول.

The diplomatic apparatus is the first line of defense.

Emphasis with 'inna'.

تتجلى عبقرية التصميم في هذا الجهاز الدقيق.

The genius of design is manifested in this precise device.

Verb 'tatajallā' (to manifest).

الجهاز الحركي للإنسان يعتمد على التآزر العضلي.

The human motor system relies on muscular synergy.

Scientific term 'tā'zur' (synergy).

تم رصد إشارات غريبة بواسطة أجهزة الرصد.

Strange signals were detected by monitoring devices.

Passive 'ruṣida' and plural 'ajhiza'.

الجهاز القيمي للمجتمع يمر بمرحلة تحول.

The value system of society is undergoing a transformation phase.

Sociological usage.

يعد الجهاز اللمفاوي جزءاً حيوياً من الدفاع.

The lymphatic system is a vital part of the defense.

Scientific 'hayawiyyan' (vital).

Synonyme

آلة معدة أداة نظام

Gegenteile

null

Häufige Kollokationen

جهاز التحكم

جهاز المناعة

جهاز الدولة

جهاز العروس

جهاز الأمن

جهاز الهضم

جهاز الحاسوب

جهاز إنذار

جهاز تنفس

جهاز إلكتروني

Häufige Phrasen

إعادة تشغيل الجهاز

— To restart the device. Used commonly in tech support.

حاول إعادة تشغيل الجهاز.

تحديث الجهاز

— To update the device. Refers to software updates.

هل انتهى تحديث الجهاز؟

شحن الجهاز

— To charge the device. Refers to battery charging.

نسيت شحن الجهاز.

ضبط الجهاز

— To adjust or set up the device.

سأقوم بضبط الجهاز الآن.

فحص الجهاز

— To inspect or check the device.

الطبيب يجري فحصاً للجهاز العصبي.

جهاز كشف الكذب

— Lie detector (polygraph).

خضع المتهم لجهاز كشف الكذب.

جهاز قياس الضغط

— Blood pressure monitor.

استخدم جهاز قياس الضغط في المنزل.

جهاز استقبال

— Receiver (like a satellite receiver).

جهاز الاستقبال لا يعمل.

جهاز عرض

— Projector.

شغل جهاز العرض من فضلك.

جهاز لاسلكي

— Wireless device or walkie-talkie.

تحدث الشرطي عبر الجهاز اللاسلكي.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

جهاز vs آلة

Āla is for mechanical machines; Jihāz is for electronic or systemic ones.

جهاز vs أداة

Adāt is a simple tool; Jihāz is a complex apparatus.

جهاز vs نظام

Niẓām is the abstract system; Jihāz is the physical or organizational body.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"جهاز العروس"

— The bridal trousseau; everything a bride needs for her new home.

أنفقت الكثير على جهاز العروس.

Cultural

"جهاز الدولة"

— The machinery of government; the bureaucracy.

الجهاز الإداري للدولة ضخم.

Political

"خارج الجهاز"

— Literally 'outside the device,' sometimes used to mean 'off the grid' or 'not functioning.'

هو حالياً خارج الجهاز.

Informal

"جهاز المناعة النفسي"

— Psychological resilience; the mind's ability to cope with stress.

يجب تقوية جهاز المناعة النفسي.

Academic

"جهاز الرقابة"

— The censorship board or oversight body.

منع جهاز الرقابة الفيلم.

Formal

"جهاز المخابرات"

— The intelligence agency (often used with a sense of mystery).

يعمل في جهاز المخابرات.

Formal

"جهاز مركزي"

— A central agency or authority.

الجهاز المركزي للمحاسبات.

Formal

"جهاز فني"

— Technical staff or coaching staff (in sports).

اجتمع الجهاز الفني للفريق.

Sports

"جهاز قضائي"

— The judicial system.

نثق في نزاهة الجهاز القضائي.

Formal

"جهاز تنفيذي"

— Executive body/branch.

القرار بيد الجهاز التنفيذي.

Formal

Leicht verwechselbar

جهاز vs معدة

Both mean equipment.

Ma'iddāt is collective/heavy; Jihāz is a specific unit or system.

معدات البناء (Construction equipment) vs جهاز الحاسوب (Computer device).

جهاز vs عضو

Both used in biology.

ʿUḍw is a single organ; Jihāz is a whole system of organs.

القلب عضو (The heart is an organ) vs الجهاز الدوري (The circulatory system).

جهاز vs ماكينة

Loanword for machine.

Mākinah is informal/mechanical; Jihāz is formal/technical.

ماكينة خياطة (Sewing machine) vs جهاز إلكتروني (Electronic device).

جهاز vs وسيلة

Both mean a way/means.

Wasīla is a medium; Jihāz is the hardware.

وسيلة إعلام (Media outlet) vs جهاز الراديو (Radio device).

جهاز vs هيكل

Both mean structure.

Haykal is the frame; Jihāz is the functional unit.

هيكل السيارة (Car frame) vs جهاز المحرك (Engine system).

Satzmuster

هذا جهاز [اسم].

هذا جهاز حاسوب.

أريد شراء جهاز [صفة].

أريد شراء جهاز جديد.

يعمل الجهاز على [فعل].

يعمل الجهاز على تبريد الغرفة.

الجهاز [اسم] معطل.

الجهاز الهضمي معطل.

تم [فعل] الجهاز بنجاح.

تم تحديث الجهاز بنجاح.

يعتبر الجهاز [صفة] ركيزة لـ [اسم].

يعتبر الجهاز القضائي ركيزة للدولة.

خضع الجهاز لـ [اسم].

خضع الجهاز لعملية صيانة.

يتجلى دور الجهاز في [اسم].

يتجلى دور الجهاز في التنظيم.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

Verben

Adjektive

Verwandt

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Arabic.

Häufige Fehler

هذه الجهاز → هذا الجهاز
Jihāz is masculine, so it takes 'hādha'.
أجهزة جديدون → أجهزة جديدة
Non-human plurals take feminine singular adjectives.
استخدام 'جهاز' للسكين → استخدام 'أداة' للسكين
A knife is a simple tool (adāt), not a complex device (jihāz).
نطق 'جهاز' مثل 'جحاز' → نطقها 'جهاز'
The 'h' is a soft 'h' (ه), not a heavy 'ḥ' (ح).
خلط 'جهاز' مع 'جاهز' → جهاز (noun) vs جاهز (adjective)
Jihāz is the thing; jāhiz is the state of being ready.

Tipps

Plural Adjectives

Remember that 'ajhiza' is a non-human plural, so use feminine singular adjectives like 'ajhiza jadīda'.

Root Power

Learn the root J-H-Z to understand related words like 'jāhiz' (ready) and 'tajhīz' (preparation).

Clear 'Z'

Make sure the 'z' at the end is distinct and not confused with 's'.

Bridal Context

In Egypt, 'al-jihāz' almost always refers to the bride's furniture unless tech is mentioned.

Menu Language

Set your phone to Arabic to see 'jihāz' used in every setting and menu.

Systemic Thinking

Use 'jihāz' when talking about any biological system (respiratory, digestive, etc.).

Idafa Usage

Use the Idafa structure to specify the device type: Jihāz + [Function].

News Keywords

Listen for 'Jihāz al-Amn' in news to identify stories about security forces.

Jazz Connection

Associate the complex rhythm of Jazz with the complex system of a Jihāz.

Daily Labels

Label the electronics in your house with 'Jihāz' and their specific names.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'G-H-Z' as 'Gadget High-Z' (High-tech Zone). A Jihāz is a gadget in the high-tech zone.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a bride (Jihāz al-Arūsa) holding a smartphone (Jihāz) while a doctor checks her heart (Jihāz al-Dawrān). All three are 'Jihāz'.

Word Web

Smartphone Nervous System Bureaucracy Appliance Trousseau Hardware Agency Mechanism

Herausforderung

Try to find five 'ajhiza' in your room right now and name them in Arabic using the Idafa structure (e.g., Jihāz al-ḥāsūb).

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Arabic root ج-ه-ز (j-h-z), which fundamentally pertains to the act of preparing, outfitting, or supplying someone with what they need for a journey or a task.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: In classical Arabic, it referred to the provisions and equipment of a traveler or a bride's trousseau.

Semitic (Arabic).

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when discussing 'Jihāz al-Amn' (Security Apparatus) in sensitive political environments, as it can be a loaded term.

English speakers often use 'device' for tech and 'system' for biology. Arabic uses 'jihāz' for both, which can feel strange at first.

Jihāz al-Mukhabarāt (The Intelligence Service) in spy novels. Al-Jihāz al-Markazī (The Central Agency) in news. Jihāz al-Arūsa in traditional songs.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Electronics Store

بكم هذا الجهاز؟
هل هذا الجهاز أصلي؟
أريد جهازاً لوحياً.
ضمان الجهاز.

Doctor's Office

مشكلة في الجهاز الهضمي.
تقوية جهاز المناعة.
فحص الجهاز العصبي.
جهاز قياس الضغط.

News Broadcast

جهاز المخابرات.
الجهاز الإداري للدولة.
أجهزة الأمن.
الجهاز القضائي.

Home

أين جهاز التحكم؟
شغل جهاز التكييف.
جهاز الإنذار.
شحن الجهاز.

Gym

هذا الجهاز للركض.
كيف يعمل هذا الجهاز؟
أجهزة كمال الأجسام.
جهاز المشي.

Gesprächseinstiege

"ما هو أفضل جهاز إلكتروني اشتريته مؤخراً؟ (What is the best electronic device you bought recently?)"

"هل تعتقد أن جهاز المناعة يتأثر بالحالة النفسية؟ (Do you think the immune system is affected by psychological state?)"

"أين تضع جهاز التحكم في منزلك عادة؟ (Where do you usually put the remote control in your house?)"

"هل سمعت عن تحديث الجهاز الجديد؟ (Have you heard about the new device update?)"

"ما رأيك في الجهاز الإداري في بلدك؟ (What is your opinion of the administrative apparatus in your country?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

صف جهازاً لا يمكنك العيش بدونه ولماذا. (Describe a device you cannot live without and why.)

اكتب عن أهمية جهاز المناعة وكيف تحافظ عليه. (Write about the importance of the immune system and how you maintain it.)

تخيل جهازاً مستقبلياً سيغير العالم. (Imagine a future device that will change the world.)

ناقش دور الجهاز القضائي في تحقيق العدالة. (Discuss the role of the judicial apparatus in achieving justice.)

تحدث عن 'جهاز العروس' في ثقافتك أو ثقافة تعرفها. (Talk about the 'bridal trousseau' in your culture or a culture you know.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, in many contexts, especially technical ones, 'jihāz' is used to refer to a smartphone. However, 'jawwāl' or 'mōbaīl' are more common in daily speech.

The plural is 'أجهزة' (Ajhiza). It follows the broken plural pattern.

It is a masculine noun. You should use 'hādha' (this) and masculine adjectives with it.

You say 'جهاز التحكم' (Jihāz al-taḥakkum) or 'جهاز التحكم عن بعد'.

It refers to the bridal trousseau—the collection of furniture and household items a bride prepares for her marriage.

No, a hammer is an 'adāt' (tool). 'Jihāz' is reserved for more complex things.

It means the 'state apparatus,' referring to the administrative and security machinery of a government.

The 'i' is short, but the 'ā' is long. Pronounce it as 'ji-HĀZ'.

It is 'جهاز المناعة' (Jihāz al-manāʿa).

No, the adjective for 'ready' is 'jāhiz' (جاهز). They share the same root but have different patterns.

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