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A2 noun #3,500 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

بدی

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At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'بدی' means 'badness' or 'a bad thing.' It is the opposite of 'خوبی' (goodness). You might hear it in simple sentences like 'بدیِ این غذا چیست؟' (What is the bad thing about this food?). Even at this early stage, it's helpful to recognize it as a noun. You should focus on how it's used to point out simple problems. For example, if a room is cold, that is a 'بدی'. If a toy is broken, that is a 'بدی'. It's a very useful word because it allows you to explain why you don't like something without needing complex adjectives. Just remember that it comes from 'بد' (bad). If you know 'بد', you can easily remember 'بدی'. At A1, we don't worry about complex grammar; just think of it as 'the bad part' of something. You will often see it paired with 'خوبی' (the good part). Learning these two together is a great way to build your vocabulary quickly. Always try to find the 'بدی' and 'خوبی' of things you see around you to practice.
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At the A2 level, you start using 'بدی' in more social contexts. You learn common phrases like 'بدی کردن' (to do bad/harm to someone). This is very important for describing relationships. For example, 'او به من بدی کرد' means 'He treated me badly' or 'He did something bad to me.' You also start to use 'بدی' to describe disadvantages in more detail. When you are comparing two things, like two cities or two jobs, you can use 'بدی' to talk about the downsides. 'بدیِ این شغل این است که دور است' (The bad thing about this job is that it is far). You should also be aware of the plural form 'بدی‌ها' (bad things/faults). This level requires you to understand that 'بدی' is a noun and cannot be used as an adjective. You wouldn't say 'یک بدی مرد' (a badness man); you must say 'یک مردِ بد' (a bad man). Understanding this distinction is a key milestone in your A2 Persian journey. You should also be able to use it in polite phrases, like apologizing if you have done something wrong.
By B1, you should be comfortable using 'بدی' in a variety of idiomatic and abstract ways. You will encounter it in discussions about character and morality. For example, 'او هیچ بدی در دلش ندارد' (He has no malice in his heart). Here, 'بدی' is not just a 'bad thing' but a deeper character trait like 'malice' or 'ill-will.' You will also start to see 'بدی' used in more complex sentence structures, such as those involving the Ezafe construction to link it to other nouns: 'بدیِ اخلاقِ او' (the badness of his character). At this level, you should also be able to distinguish 'بدی' from similar words like 'عیب' (fault) and 'ضرر' (harm). You'll notice that 'بدی' is often used in more subjective or emotional contexts, while 'ضرر' is used for practical harm. You should also start to recognize 'بدی' in Persian literature and media, where it often represents the general concept of negativity or the 'dark side' of a story. Practicing with proverbs that use 'بدی' will help you sound more natural and sophisticated in your speech.
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At the B2 level, 'بدی' becomes a tool for nuanced argumentation and philosophical discussion. You will use it to analyze the 'بدی' (disadvantages) and 'خوبی' (advantages) of complex social issues, such as technology, urbanization, or economic policies. You should be able to use it in formal writing, such as essays or reports. For instance, 'بدیِ این رویکرد در عدم توجه به جزئیات است' (The flaw in this approach lies in the lack of attention to detail). You will also encounter the word in more sophisticated literary contexts, where it might be used to discuss the duality of human nature. At B2, you should be very clear on the difference between 'بدی' (the noun) and the other grammatical forms it can take (like the indefinite 'bad thing' or the verb 'you are bad'). Your listening skills should be sharp enough to distinguish these based on intonation and context. You'll also learn more specialized synonyms like 'پلیدی' or 'زشتی' and know exactly when to use 'بدی' instead of them to convey the precise level of negativity you intend.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'بدی' reaches a near-native depth. You explore the word's etymological roots and its evolution in classical Persian poetry. You will analyze how poets like Rumi or Ferdowsi used 'بدی' to represent cosmic forces or deep psychological states. You should be able to use 'بدی' in highly formal and academic registers, discussing 'بدیِ مطلق' (absolute evil) or the 'فلسفه بدی' (philosophy of evil). Your usage will include complex grammatical constructions, such as 'بدی‌ها را برشمردن' (to enumerate the faults/bad points). You will also be sensitive to the rhythmic and phonetic qualities of the word in Persian prose. At this level, you can use 'بدی' to express subtle irony or sarcasm. For example, using it in a way that highlights the absurdity of a situation's 'badness.' You will also be expected to understand and use classical idioms and proverbs that include 'بدی' correctly in contemporary contexts, showing a deep cultural integration.
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At the C2 level, 'بدی' is a concept you can deconstruct and manipulate with total fluency. You understand its role in the vast tapestry of Persian thought, from Zoroastrian dualism (where 'بدی' is a fundamental cosmic principle) to modern existentialist Persian literature. You can engage in high-level debates about the nature of 'بدی' versus 'نیکی' and how these concepts have shaped Iranian identity and ethics. You are comfortable using the word in any register, from street slang to the most elevated courtly style. You can distinguish the finest shades of meaning between 'بدی,' 'شرور,' 'خباثت,' and 'رذالت.' Your use of 'بدی' in writing is impeccable, employing it to create specific atmospheres or to drive complex narratives. You are not just a user of the word; you are a master of the concept it represents in the Persian-speaking world, understanding its every connotation, historical weight, and potential for poetic expression.
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بدی in 30 Sekunden

  • بدی is the Persian noun for 'badness' or 'evil'.
  • It is formed from the adjective 'بد' plus the suffix 'ی'.
  • It commonly means 'disadvantage', 'harm', or 'moral vice'.
  • Its direct opposite is 'خوبی' (goodness).
The Persian word بدی (pronounced 'badi') is a fundamental abstract noun that encapsulates the concept of 'badness,' 'evil,' or 'harm.' Derived from the adjective 'بد' (bad) by adding the suffix '-i' (ی), it transforms a simple quality into a substantive concept. In everyday Persian, this word is used to describe the negative aspects of a situation, the malicious actions of an individual, or the inherent flaws in a plan. It is the direct opposite of 'خوبی' (khubi), which means goodness. When a Persian speaker says 'بدیِ این کار این است که...', they are pointing out the disadvantage or the 'downside' of a particular action. This usage is extremely common in both formal and informal registers.
Semantic Range
The word covers everything from moral evil to a simple practical drawback. It can refer to a person's bad character, the harmful consequences of an event, or the negative traits of an object.

من هیچ وقت بدی او را نخواستم. (I never wanted any harm for him.)

Beyond personal interactions, 'بدی' is used in philosophical and literary contexts to discuss the nature of evil in the world. In the works of classical poets like Saadi or Hafez, the struggle between 'good' (نیکی) and 'bad' (بدی) is a recurring theme. The word is versatile because it can function as a subject, an object, or part of a prepositional phrase. For instance, 'در بدیِ او شک نکن' (Do not doubt his badness/malice).

بدی را با خوبی جواب بده. (Answer badness with goodness.)

Social Context
In Iranian culture, there is a strong emphasis on 'keeping the face' and avoiding 'بدی' toward others. To 'do bad' (بدی کردن) to a guest or a neighbor is considered a significant moral failure.

این نقشه یک بدی بزرگ دارد. (This plan has one big flaw/bad point.)

او همیشه از بدیهای دیگران می‌گوید. (He always talks about the bad traits/faults of others.)

Plural Usage
The plural form 'بدی‌ها' (badi-ha) refers to 'vices,' 'faults,' or 'multiple bad things.' It is often used when listing the pros and cons of something.

دنیا پر از خوبی و بدی است. (The world is full of goodness and badness.)

In summary, 'بدی' is the essential noun for negativity in Persian, spanning from the mundane inconvenience to the profound moral transgression.
Using 'بدی' correctly requires understanding its role as a noun. It often appears in the structure '[Subject] + [Object] + بدی + [Verb]'. For example, 'او به من بدی کرد' (He did me bad/harm). Here, 'بدی کردن' functions as a compound verb meaning to treat someone poorly or to do something harmful. Another common structure is using it with the Ezafe construction to describe the 'badness of' something. 'بدیِ هوا' (the badness of the weather) or 'بدیِ اخلاق او' (the badness of his temper).
Structure 1: Simple Noun
Subject + بدی + Verb. Example: بدی همه جا هست (Badness is everywhere).

ما نباید در حق کسی بدی کنیم. (We should not do harm to anyone.)

When discussing disadvantages, we use the phrase 'بدی‌اش این است که...' (The bad thing about it is that...). This is a high-frequency phrase in conversational Persian. For example, if you are talking about a new phone, you might say, 'بدی‌اش این است که گران است' (The bad thing about it is that it is expensive).

بدیِ این شهر ترافیک آن است. (The bad thing about this city is its traffic.)

Structure 2: Comparisons
Comparing 'بدی' and 'خوبی'. Example: خوبی و بدی در کنار هم هستند (Goodness and badness are alongside each other).

او فرق بین خوبی و بدی را نمی‌داند. (He does not know the difference between good and bad.)

هیچ‌کس از مهربانی بدی ندیده است. (No one has ever seen/experienced harm from kindness.)

Refining the Use
In formal writing, you might see 'پلیدی' (palidi) for physical or spiritual filth, but 'بدی' remains the most general and widely applicable term for any negative quality.

او با تمام بدیهایش، باز هم دوست من است. (With all his faults/badness, he is still my friend.)

In summary, whether you are discussing a person's character, a situational flaw, or a philosophical concept, 'بدی' is the noun that anchors the sentence's negative meaning.
You will encounter 'بدی' in almost every sphere of Iranian life. In daily conversations, it often crops up when people are complaining or evaluating choices. If you are shopping in a bazaar and a merchant is explaining why a certain fabric is cheaper, he might say, 'بدیِ این پارچه این است که زود چروک می‌شود' (The bad thing about this fabric is that it wrinkles quickly). In the world of Iranian cinema and television dramas (which are very popular), 'بدی' is a central theme. Characters often struggle with the 'بدی' of their rivals or reflect on the 'بدی' they have committed in the past.
Daily Life
Used to describe traffic, weather, food quality, or a broken appliance's specific flaw.

ببخشید اگر بدی از من دیدید. (Forgive me if you saw any badness/misbehavior from me - a common polite farewell.)

The word is also deeply embedded in Iranian religious and ethical discourse. In sermons or ethical lessons (Akhlaq), teachers frequently contrast 'بدی' with 'ثواب' (spiritual reward) or 'نیکی' (goodness). You will hear it in news broadcasts when discussing 'بدیِ اوضاع اقتصادی' (the badness/poor state of economic conditions). In Persian literature, from the Shahnameh to modern novels, 'بدی' represents the antagonist's force.

او هیچ بدی در دلش ندارد. (He has no badness/malice in his heart.)

Media & News
Headlines might read: 'بدیِ کیفیت هوا در تهران' (The poor quality of air in Tehran).

این فیلم بدی و زشتی جنگ را نشان می‌دهد. (This movie shows the badness and ugliness of war.)

در برابر بدی صبور باش. (Be patient against badness/evil.)

Proverbs
'بدی که برآید، نیکی نپاید' (When badness arises, goodness does not last) - though this is a more archaic or literary phrasing.

هیچ وقت پشت سر کسی بدی نگو. (Never say anything bad behind someone's back.)

In short, from the most polite social interactions to the harshest criticisms, 'بدی' is the go-to word for expressing negativity.
For English speakers learning Persian, the most frequent mistake with 'بدی' is confusing its grammatical function. In English, 'bad' is an adjective, and 'badness' is the noun. In Persian, 'بد' (bad) is the adjective, and 'بدی' is the noun. Learners often try to use 'بد' where 'بدی' is required. For example, saying 'بدِ او' instead of 'بدیِ او' (his badness/fault). Another major point of confusion is the homonym 'بدی' meaning 'you are bad' (the adjective 'بد' plus the second person singular 'to be' suffix '-i'). To distinguish them, look at the sentence structure: 'تو بدی' (You are bad) vs. 'بدیِ تو' (Your badness).
Mistake 1: Confusing Adjective and Noun
Incorrect: من از بد او خسته شدم. (I am tired of his bad). Correct: من از بدیِ او خسته شدم (I am tired of his badness/behavior).

اشتباه: این کار بدی است. (Wait! This is actually correct if 'بدی' means 'a bad one', but usually you'd say 'این کار بدی است' meaning 'this is a bad task' where 'i' is the indefinite marker. This is the third point of confusion!)

درست: بدیِ این غذا نمک زیاد آن است. (The bad thing about this food is its high salt.)

Mistake 2: Preposition Usage
Learners often forget that 'بدی کردن' (to do bad) usually takes the preposition 'به' (to) or 'در حقِ' (in the right/case of). Saying 'او من را بدی کرد' is incorrect.

اشتباه: او من را بدی کرد. درست: او به من بدی کرد. (He did me harm.)

درست: من بدی کسی را نمی‌خواهم. (I don't want anyone's badness/harm.)

Mistake 3: Overusing 'بدی'
Sometimes 'ضرر' (harm/loss) or 'عیب' (fault/defect) is more appropriate. Using 'بدی' for a technical defect in a car might sound a bit childish; 'عیب' is better there.

به جای بدی ماشین، بگویید عیب ماشین. (Instead of 'badness of the car', say 'fault of the car'.)

By paying attention to these grammatical nuances and choosing the right synonym for the context, you can avoid these common pitfalls.
While 'بدی' is the most common noun for 'badness,' Persian offers a rich palette of synonyms that provide more specific meanings. Understanding these can elevate your Persian from A2 to B1 and beyond.
شر (Sharr)
This word specifically refers to 'evil' or 'malice' in a more religious or philosophical sense. While 'بدی' can be a small flaw, 'شر' is usually serious harm or wicked intent.

خدا ما را از شر شیطان حفظ کند. (May God protect us from the evil of Satan.)

عیب (Ayb)
This means 'fault,' 'defect,' or 'shortcoming.' Use this when talking about objects or specific character flaws rather than general badness.

این نقشه هیچ عیبی ندارد. (This plan has no fault/defect.)

زشتیِ رفتار او همه را ناراحت کرد. (The ugliness/badness of his behavior upset everyone.)

ضرر (Zarar)
Specifically means 'harm,' 'loss,' or 'damage,' especially in financial or physical contexts. If someone 'does you bad' financially, you'd say they caused you 'ضرر'.

سیگار برای سلامتی ضرر دارد. (Smoking is harmful to health.)

او از پلیدی دوری می‌کند. (He avoids filth/evil.)

Summary Table
بدی: General badness | شر: Moral evil | عیب: Technical fault | ضرر: Financial/Physical harm.

دنبال بدیهای مردم نباش. (Don't look for people's faults/bad traits.)

Choosing the right word depends on whether you are talking about a broken toaster (عیب), a villain in a movie (شر), a bad habit (بدی), or a bad investment (ضرر).

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The word 'bad' in English and 'bad' (بد) in Persian sound identical and have the same meaning, which is a rare and lucky coincidence for learners, though they aren't directly related in a simple way.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /bæˈdiː/
US /bæˈdi/
The stress is on the second syllable (di).
Reimt sich auf
شادی (shadi - happiness) آزادی (azadi - freedom) وادی (vadi - valley) هادی (hadi - guide) نادی (nadi - caller) عادی (adi - normal) مادی (madi - material) یادی (yadi - memory)
Häufige Fehler
  • Stressing the first syllable, which can make it sound like 'bad' (the adjective).
  • Confusing the 'i' suffix with the indefinite 'i' in rapid speech.
  • Pronouncing the 'a' too long like 'father'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 2/5

Easy to read but can be confused with other 'i' endings.

Schreiben 2/5

Simple spelling, just four letters.

Sprechen 3/5

Requires correct stress on the second syllable.

Hören 4/5

Difficult to distinguish from 'you are bad' or indefinite 'bad' in fast speech.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

بد خوب خوبی کردن دیدن

Als Nächstes lernen

شر عیب ضرر نیکی اخلاق

Fortgeschritten

پلیدی خباثت رذالت منفعت خوش‌طینت

Wichtige Grammatik

Abstract Noun Formation

Adjective (بد) + Suffix (ی) = Noun (بدی).

Ezafe Construction

بدیِ هوا (The badness of the weather).

Compound Verbs

بدی کردن (to do harm).

Enclitic Pronouns

بدی‌اش (Its badness/downside).

Pluralization

بدی‌ها (The bad things/faults).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

بدیِ این اتاق چیست؟

What is the bad thing about this room?

Noun as subject.

2

او بدی را دوست ندارد.

He does not like badness.

Simple object.

3

بدی و خوبی در دنیا هست.

There is badness and goodness in the world.

Compound subject.

4

بدیِ این سیب چیست؟

What is wrong with this apple?

Ezafe construction.

5

من بدی نمی‌بینم.

I don't see any badness.

Negated verb.

6

این یک بدی بزرگ است.

This is a big bad thing.

Noun with adjective.

7

بدیِ هوا ما را خسته کرد.

The badness of the weather made us tired.

Noun as cause.

8

او از بدی فرار می‌کند.

He runs away from badness.

Prepositional phrase.

1

او به من بدی کرد.

He did me harm/badness.

Compound verb 'بدی کردن'.

2

بدی‌اش این است که گران است.

The bad thing about it is that it is expensive.

Common phrase with enclitic pronoun.

3

من هیچ بدی از او ندیدم.

I saw no badness/ill-treatment from him.

Compound verb 'بدی دیدن'.

4

بدی‌های این شهر زیاد است.

The bad things about this city are many.

Plural noun.

5

او همیشه از بدی دیگران می‌گوید.

He always talks about the bad traits of others.

Plural with Ezafe.

6

بدیِ این فیلم چیست؟

What is the downside of this movie?

Ezafe for 'downside'.

7

ما باید از بدی دوری کنیم.

We must stay away from badness.

Modal verb 'باید'.

8

او فرق خوبی و بدی را می‌داند.

He knows the difference between good and bad.

Contrastive nouns.

1

بدیِ اخلاق او همه را فراری داد.

The badness of his temper drove everyone away.

Ezafe chain.

2

او هیچ بدی در دلش ندارد.

He has no malice in his heart.

Metaphorical use.

3

بدیِ این نقشه در جزئیات آن است.

The flaw of this plan is in its details.

Abstract noun usage.

4

او با تمام بدی‌هایش، مهربان است.

Despite all his faults, he is kind.

Concessive phrase.

5

در برابر بدی صبور باش.

Be patient against evil/badness.

Imperative mood.

6

بدی را نباید با بدی جواب داد.

One should not answer badness with badness.

Passive-like construction.

7

بدیِ اوضاع اقتصادی نگران‌کننده است.

The poor state of the economy is worrying.

Formal context.

8

او از بدی‌های گذشته‌اش پشیمان است.

He regrets his past bad deeds.

Plural abstract noun.

1

بدیِ مطلق وجود ندارد.

Absolute evil does not exist.

Philosophical subject.

2

او به بدیِ کارش پی برد.

He realized the badness/wrongness of his action.

Compound verb 'پی بردن'.

3

بدیِ این سیستم در ساختار آن نهفته است.

The flaw of this system is hidden in its structure.

Formal/Academic style.

4

نویسنده به خوبی بدی‌های جامعه را توصیف کرده است.

The author has well described the vices of society.

Adverbial use of 'به خوبی'.

5

او تحت تأثیر بدی‌های محیط قرار گرفت.

He was influenced by the badness of the environment.

Passive construction.

6

بدیِ این فرضیه در عدم شواهد کافی است.

The weakness of this hypothesis is the lack of sufficient evidence.

Academic register.

7

ما باید ریشه بدی را بخشکانیم.

We must dry up the root of evil.

Metaphorical verb.

8

بدیِ این خبر همه را شوکه کرد.

The badness/severity of this news shocked everyone.

Abstract noun as agent.

1

ادبیات کلاسیک به تقابل نیکی و بدی می‌پردازد.

Classical literature deals with the confrontation of good and evil.

Literary analysis.

2

بدیِ این دیدگاه در سطحی بودن آن است.

The flaw of this perspective lies in its superficiality.

Complex abstract noun.

3

او با ظرافت تمام بدی‌های رقیب را نمایان کرد.

He revealed all the rival's faults with total subtlety.

Sophisticated adverbial phrase.

4

بدیِ حادثه فراتر از حد تصور بود.

The badness/severity of the accident was beyond imagination.

Hyperbolic expression.

5

در متون عرفانی، بدی ناشی از دوری از حق است.

In mystical texts, evil stems from being far from the Truth.

Theological context.

6

بدیِ این سیاست‌ها در بلندمدت آشکار خواهد شد.

The failure of these policies will become apparent in the long run.

Future tense in formal context.

7

او همواره در پی زدودن بدی از جان خویش است.

He is always seeking to erase badness from his own soul.

Poetic/Archaic vocabulary.

8

بدیِ کلام او ناشی از تلخی تجربه‌هایش بود.

The harshness of his speech stemmed from the bitterness of his experiences.

Abstract causal link.

1

تقابل ازلی نیکی و بدی بن‌مایه بسیاری از اساطیر است.

The eternal confrontation of good and evil is the theme of many myths.

Mythological register.

2

بدیِ این پارادایم در تقلیل‌گرایی مفرط آن نهفته است.

The flaw of this paradigm lies in its extreme reductionism.

Highly academic terminology.

3

او به واکاوی ریشه‌های روانی بدی در جوامع مدرن پرداخت.

He engaged in the analysis of the psychological roots of evil in modern societies.

Scholarly research register.

4

بدیِ مستتر در این اثر هنری، بیننده را به تامل وامی‌دارد.

The hidden badness/malevolence in this artwork compels the viewer to reflect.

Art criticism register.

5

او با نثری مسجع به نکوهش بدی‌های دوران خویش نشست.

With rhymed prose, he sat to condemn the vices of his era.

Literary/Historical register.

6

بدیِ این رویکرد، در نادیده گرفتن ساحت‌های وجودی انسان است.

The flaw of this approach is in ignoring the existential dimensions of human beings.

Philosophical register.

7

او هیچ‌گاه اجازه نداد بدیِ زمانه بر صفای باطنش چیره شود.

He never let the badness of the times overcome the purity of his inner self.

Elevated moral register.

8

بدیِ این تفسیر در انحراف از نص صریح متن است.

The flaw of this interpretation is in deviating from the explicit text.

Hermeneutic register.

Häufige Kollokationen

بدی کردن
بدی دیدن
بدیِ هوا
بدیِ اخلاق
بدی و خوبی
بدیِ مطلق
بدیِ این است که
در حق کسی بدی کردن
بدی‌های کسی را گفتن
بدیِ کیفیت

Häufige Phrasen

بدی‌اش این است که...

— The downside/bad part of it is that...

بدی‌اش این است که وقت نداریم.

بدیِ ما را ببخشید

— Forgive our shortcomings (polite farewell).

اگر بدی از ما دیدید، ببخشید.

خوبی و بدی

— Pros and cons / Good and evil.

باید خوبی و بدی را با هم دید.

بدی کردن به خود

— To harm oneself (metaphorically).

با این کار فقط به خودت بدی می‌کنی.

هیچ بدی ندارد

— It has no fault / It is perfectly fine.

این پیشنهاد هیچ بدی ندارد.

بدیِ روزگار

— The cruelty/badness of the times.

از بدیِ روزگار ناله می‌کرد.

بدیِ چشم

— The evil eye (less common than چشم‌زخم).

بدیِ چشم او را گرفت.

بدیِ نیت

— Bad intention / Malice.

او بدیِ نیت داشت.

بدیِ رفتار

— Bad behavior.

بدیِ رفتار او مشخص بود.

بدیِ حال

— Feeling unwell (noun form).

بدیِ حالش را حس کردم.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

بدی vs بدی (Verb)

Means 'you are bad'. Distinguish by subject 'تو' (you).

بدی vs بدی (Indefinite)

Means 'a bad...'. Distinguish by the noun it follows, e.g., 'کارِ بدی' (a bad task).

بدی vs بادی

Means 'windy'. Pronounced differently (badi vs baadi).

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"بدی را با خوبی جواب دادن"

— To return good for evil.

او همیشه بدی را با خوبی جواب می‌دهد.

Moral
"بدی‌اش به خودت برمی‌گردد"

— Your bad deeds will come back to haunt you.

مراقب باش، بدی‌اش به خودت برمی‌گردد.

Informal
"بدی در دل نداشتن"

— To have no malice or hidden agenda.

بچه‌ها هیچ بدی در دل ندارند.

Neutral
"خوبی که از حد بگذرد، نادان خیال بد کند"

— Too much kindness makes the ignorant think of evil (related proverb).

زیاد به او رو نده، چون...

Literary
"بدی از خودمان است"

— The fault lies within ourselves.

تقصیر دیگران نیست، بدی از خودمان است.

Reflective
"بدیِ راه"

— The difficulty or danger of a path.

بدیِ راه ما را ترساند.

Neutral
"بدیِ ذات"

— Inherent badness of nature.

او بدیِ ذات دارد.

Formal
"بدیِ سرنوشت"

— The misfortune of fate.

از بدیِ سرنوشت به اینجا رسیدیم.

Poetic
"بدیِ کلام"

— Harshness of speech.

بدیِ کلامش همه را رنجاند.

Formal
"بدیِ عمل"

— The consequences of a bad deed.

او به بدیِ عملش گرفتار شد.

Formal

Leicht verwechselbar

بدی vs بد

Both mean bad.

'بد' is an adjective (bad), 'بدی' is a noun (badness).

هوای بد (bad weather) vs بدیِ هوا (badness of the weather).

بدی vs عیب

Both mean something negative.

'عیب' is a specific defect, 'بدی' is general badness.

این لیوان عیب دارد (This glass has a defect).

بدی vs ضرر

Both mean harm.

'ضرر' is usually material or physical loss.

ضرر مالی (financial loss).

بدی vs شر

Both mean evil.

'شر' is more formal, religious, or intense.

شر شیطان (Evil of Satan).

بدی vs زشتی

Both used for bad behavior.

'زشتی' implies ugliness or indecency.

زشتیِ حرف او (the indecency of his words).

Satzmuster

A1

بدیِ [Noun] چیست؟

بدیِ این میز چیست؟

A2

به [Person] بدی نکن.

به دوستانت بدی نکن.

A2

بدی‌اش این است که [Sentence].

بدی‌اش این است که وقت ندارم.

B1

من هیچ بدی از [Person] ندیدم.

من هیچ بدی از همسایه‌ام ندیدم.

B1

[Person] بدی در دل ندارد.

مادرم هیچ بدی در دل ندارد.

B2

بدیِ این [Abstract Noun] در [Noun] است.

بدیِ این ایده در هزینه‌اش است.

C1

تقابل نیکی و بدی در [Context].

تقابل نیکی و بدی در شاهنامه.

C2

بدیِ مستتر در [Noun].

بدیِ مستتر در کلام او.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

بد
بدی
بدذاتی
بدخواهی

Verben

بد کردن
بدی کردن
بد شدن

Adjektive

بد
بدترین
بدمنش
بدجنس

Verwandt

شر
زشتی
پلیدی
عیب
ضرر
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frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Persian.

Häufige Fehler
  • من از بد او خسته شدم. → من از بدیِ او خسته شدم.

    You must use the noun 'بدی' after 'از' (from), not the adjective 'بد'.

  • او من را بدی کرد. → او به من بدی کرد.

    The verb 'بدی کردن' takes the preposition 'به' (to) for the person receiving the harm.

  • این یک بدی ماشین است. → این یک عیبِ ماشین است.

    While 'بدی' is understandable, 'عیب' (defect) is more natural for mechanical items.

  • بدیِ او را ببخش. → بدی‌اش را ببخش.

    In spoken Persian, it is more natural to use the enclitic pronoun '-ash' for 'his/her'.

  • تو خیلی بدی (meaning 'you are badness'). → تو خیلی بدی (meaning 'you are bad').

    This is a homonym. 'You are bad' is bad + i (verb). 'Badness' is bad + i (noun).

Tipps

Noun vs Adjective

Remember that 'بدی' is a noun. You cannot use it to describe a noun directly like an adjective. Use 'بد' for that.

Pair it with Khubi

Whenever you learn a phrase with 'بدی', try to learn the same phrase with 'خوبی'. It doubles your learning efficiency.

The 'Downside' Phrase

Master the phrase 'بدی‌اش این است که...' (The bad thing about it is...). It's a lifesaver in conversations.

Humility in Speech

Using 'بدی' to refer to your own hospitality is a sign of good manners in Iran.

Stress Matters

Pay attention to the stress. ba-DI (noun) vs. BA-di (you are bad - in some dialects/contexts).

Ezafe Linking

Always use the Ezafe (short 'e') when saying 'the badness of...'. Example: Badi-ye in kar.

Moral Weight

Saying 'او بدی کرد' is a serious accusation. Use it carefully.

The 'i' Suffix

The 'i' suffix is very productive in Persian. It turns adjectives into nouns (e.g., khub -> khubi, shad -> shadi).

Subject vs Object

'بدی' can be the subject (بدی همه جا هست) or the object (بدی را ندیدم).

The Heart Idiom

'بدی در دل نداشتن' is a beautiful way to describe someone who is genuinely kind.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Bad' + 'i'. The 'i' stands for 'is'. So 'Bad-i' is 'Badness is'.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a black ink blot spreading on a white paper. The blot is 'بدی' (badness) on the 'خوبی' (goodness) of the paper.

Word Web

badness evil harm disadvantage fault vice malice wrong

Herausforderung

Try to list three 'بدی' (disadvantages) of your favorite city in Persian.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word 'wad', which evolved into the Modern Persian 'bad'. The suffix '-i' is the standard Persian abstract noun former.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The quality of being harmful, deficient, or morally wrong.

Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian.

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when calling someone's actions 'بدی' directly, as it can be taken as a strong moral judgment.

English speakers might find the use of 'badness' for 'disadvantage' strange, as we usually say 'the downside' or 'the problem'.

The struggle between Ahriman (Evil/Badi) and Ahura Mazda (Good) in ancient Persian mythology. Saadi's Gulistan which often discusses 'Badi' in human nature. Modern Persian pop songs often use 'Badi' to describe a cruel lover.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Evaluating a product

  • بدی‌اش این است که...
  • هیچ بدی ندارد
  • بدیِ کیفیت
  • بدیِ طراحی

Discussing character

  • بدی در دل نداشتن
  • بدی‌های او
  • در حق کسی بدی کردن
  • بدیِ اخلاق

Weather and Environment

  • بدیِ هوا
  • بدیِ مسیر
  • بدیِ شرایط
  • بدیِ اوضاع

Social Etiquette

  • ببخشید اگر بدی دیدید
  • بدیِ ما را حلال کنید
  • پشت سر کسی بدی نگفتن
  • بدی را با خوبی جواب دادن

Philosophy and Religion

  • تقابل نیکی و بدی
  • ریشه بدی
  • دوری از بدی
  • بدیِ مطلق

Gesprächseinstiege

"بدیِ زندگی در شهرهای بزرگ چیست؟ (What is the downside of living in big cities?)"

"آیا تا به حال کسی به شما بدی کرده است؟ (Has anyone ever done you harm?)"

"بدیِ این رستوران به نظر شما چیست؟ (What do you think is the downside of this restaurant?)"

"چگونه می‌توان بدی را با خوبی جواب داد؟ (How can one answer badness with goodness?)"

"بدیِ تکنولوژی در زندگی امروز چیست؟ (What is the downside of technology in today's life?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که بدیِ یک موقعیت را به خوبی تبدیل کردید. (Write about a time you turned a bad situation into a good one.)

بدی‌ها و خوبی‌های شغل رویایی خود را لیست کنید. (List the pros and cons of your dream job.)

آیا فکر می‌کنید انسان‌ها ذاتا بدی دارند یا خوبی؟ (Do you think humans inherently have badness or goodness?)

درباره بدیِ ترافیک در شهر خود بنویسید. (Write about the nuisance of traffic in your city.)

چگونه می‌توانیم بدی‌های اخلاقی خود را اصلاح کنیم؟ (How can we correct our moral faults?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

In the context of 'badness', yes. However, it can also be the adjective 'بد' plus the second person singular of 'to be' (you are bad) or the indefinite suffix (a bad thing). Context is key to distinguishing them.

The most common way is to use 'بدیِ آن' or 'بدی‌اش'. For example, 'بدیِ این ماشین مصرف زیاد سوخت است' (The downside of this car is high fuel consumption).

The direct opposite is 'خوبی' (goodness/advantage). In more formal contexts, you can use 'نیکی' or 'منفعت'.

Yes, you can say 'بدیِ اخلاق' (badness of character) or 'او بدی‌های زیادی دارد' (he has many faults/bad traits).

Yes, it is the standard way to say someone treated someone else badly or did them harm. 'او به من بدی کرد'.

Yes, it can mean 'evil' in a general sense, though 'شر' is more specific to moral or cosmic evil.

The plural is 'بدی‌ها'. It is used when talking about multiple faults or bad points.

Yes, 'بدیِ هوا' is a common way to refer to poor weather conditions.

The stress is on the last syllable: ba-DI.

Yes, often in the phrase 'ببخشید اگر بدی بود' (Forgive if there were any shortcomings) as a polite way to end a visit.

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writing

Write a sentence in Persian using 'بدی' to describe a disadvantage of your car.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate to Persian: 'He never did any harm to anyone.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a short paragraph (3 sentences) about the 'بدی' and 'خوبی' of living in a big city.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Use 'بدی در دل نداشتن' in a sentence about a friend.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The bad thing about this phone is its price.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a formal sentence about 'the badness of current economic conditions'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Answer badness with goodness.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence using 'بدی‌های او'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'I saw no badness from him.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a question asking about the downside of a plan.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Do not talk about people's faults.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about the 'بدی' of the weather today.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Absolute evil is a philosophical concept.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence using 'بدی کردن در حق کسی'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The world is full of good and bad.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about 'the flaw of a hypothesis'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Forgive my shortcomings.' (Polite)

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about 'the badness of war'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Stay away from evil.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about 'the badness of his speech'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The bad thing about this city is the traffic' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'I never saw any badness from him' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask 'What is the downside of this plan?' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Don't do bad to others' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The world is full of good and bad' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Forgive my shortcomings' (polite) in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'He has no malice in his heart' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The bad thing is that it is expensive' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Answer badness with goodness' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The badness of the weather made us tired' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Describe the downsides of living in a small apartment using 'بدی'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Tell someone not to talk bad about a mutual friend.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Explain that 'Absolute evil doesn't exist' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'He realized his mistake/wrongness' using 'بدی'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The badness of his character is the problem' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask someone 'What is the bad thing about this food?'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'We must stay away from evil' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Despite all his faults, he is my friend' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The poor quality of the air is worrying' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'He always sees the bad side of things' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to the sentence: 'بدیِ این گوشی چیه؟' What is the speaker asking?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'او به من بدی کرد.' Did the person do something good or bad?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدیِ هوا ما رو خونه‌نشین کرد.' Why did they stay at home?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'ببخشید اگه بدی از ما دیدید.' Is the speaker being rude or polite?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدی‌اش اینه که خیلی گرونه.' What is the problem?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'او هیچ بدی در دل نداره.' What is his character like?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'پشت سرش بدی نگو.' What is the advice?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدیِ این نقشه چیه؟' What is the focus of the question?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'دنیا پر از خوبی و بدیه.' What is the general message?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'او از بدی‌های گذشته‌اش پشیمونه.' How does he feel about his past?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدیِ کلامش همه رو رنجوند.' What was the effect of his speech?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدیِ مطلق وجود نداره.' Is this a simple or philosophical statement?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'از بدی دوری کن.' What should you do?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'بدیِ این شهر ترافیکشه.' What is the main complaint?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'او به بدیِ کارش پی برد.' What did he realize?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

/ 200 correct

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