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B1 noun #2,500 am häufigsten

～がる

garu
Notizen & Tipps

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ɡɑːru/
US /ɡɑːru/
short
Reimt sich auf
karu maru haru
Häufige Fehler
  • pronouncing the 'u' too strongly at the end

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine a 'girl' (がる - garu) who is always 'eager' (がる - garu) to express her feelings, but only about others. This helps remember that 'garu' indicates someone *else's* desire or emotion.

Visuelle Assoziation

Picture a grumpy cat (representing a third person) with a thought bubble above its head, showing a fish (representing a desire) or a storm cloud (representing an emotion). Attached to the thought bubble is a small, glowing '-がる' sign, signifying that we are observing the cat's internal state from the outside.

Word Web

寒がる (samugaru - to feel cold) 欲しがる (hoshigaru - to want, desire) 怖がる (kowagaru - to be afraid, scared) 嫌がる (iyagaru - to dislike, be unwilling) 寂しがる (sabishigaru - to feel lonely)

Herausforderung

Try to describe how someone else is feeling or what they want using '-がる'. For example, if your friend looks sleepy, you might say: 彼は眠たがっています (Kare wa nemutagatte imasu - He looks sleepy). Or, if a child really wants a toy: 子供はおもちゃを欲しがっている (Kodomo wa omocha o hoshigatte iru - The child wants the toy).

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Describing someone wanting something:

  • 彼は新しい車を欲しがっています。(He wants a new car.)
  • 彼女はケーキを食べたがっている。(She wants to eat cake.)
  • 子供たちは公園に行きたがっている。(The children want to go to the park.)

Describing someone feeling a certain emotion:

  • 彼は寒がっている。(He feels cold.)
  • 彼女は寂しがっている。(She feels lonely.)
  • 犬は怖がっている。(The dog is scared.)

When someone is shy or embarrassed:

  • 彼女は人前で話すのを恥ずかしがった。(She was shy about speaking in front of people.)
  • 彼は褒められて照れくさがっていた。(He was embarrassed to be praised.)

Expressing someone's surprise or shock:

  • 彼女は突然のニュースに驚がった。(She was surprised by the sudden news.)
  • 彼は幽霊を見て怖がった。(He was scared when he saw a ghost.)

Describing someone's pain or discomfort:

  • 彼は歯が痛がっている。(He has a toothache.)
  • 彼女は怪我をして痛がっていた。(She was in pain from her injury.)

Gesprächseinstiege

"あなたの友達は最近何を欲しがっていますか？ (What does your friend want these days?)"

"家族の誰かが最近寂しがっていますか？ (Is anyone in your family feeling lonely lately?)"

"あなたは人前で話すのを恥ずかしがりますか？ (Are you shy about speaking in front of people?)"

"今まで一番驚がったことは何ですか？ (What's the most surprising thing that has ever happened to you?)"

"ペットを飼っているなら、あなたのペットは何を怖がりますか？ (If you have a pet, what does your pet get scared of?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

最近、周りの人で「～がる」を使って説明できる感情や行動は何ですか？ 具体的な状況を書いてみましょう。

あなた自身が子供の頃、何を欲しがっていましたか？ そして、親はそれをどのように「欲しがる」と表現していましたか？

あなたが誰かの感情を察した時、「～がる」を使ってその状況を説明してみてください。

もしあなたがペットだったら、何を一番欲しがり、何を一番怖がると思いますか？

あなたの周りで、人前で恥ずかしがる人を見たことがありますか？ その時の状況を詳しく説明してください。

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

～がる is a suffix in Japanese that indicates a third person's desire or emotion. You can attach it to the stem of certain adjectives or verbs to express how someone else feels or what they want.

You attach ～がる to the stem of an i-adjective, the stem of a na-adjective (without the な), or the masu-stem of a verb. For example, from 寒い (samui - cold) you get 寒がる (samugaru - to feel cold). From 欲しい (hoshii - to want), you get 欲しがる (hoshigaru - to want something).

You use ～がる when you are describing what a third person *appears* to be feeling or wanting. It's often used when you are inferring their feelings from their actions or expressions, rather than stating it as a direct fact. For example, if you see someone shivering, you might say 彼が寒がっている (Kare ga samugatte iru - He looks cold/is feeling cold).

No, you generally do not use ～がる for your own feelings or desires. It's specifically for talking about a third person. When talking about yourself, you would just use the adjective or verb directly, like 寒い (samui - I'm cold) or 欲しい (hoshii - I want).

Yes, some common ones include: 寒い (samui - cold) → 寒がる (samugaru - to feel cold), 暑い (atsui - hot) → 暑がる (atsugaru - to feel hot), 欲しい (hoshii - to want) → 欲しがる (hoshigaru - to want), 寂しい (sabishii - lonely) → 寂しがる (sabishigaru - to feel lonely), 悲しい (kanashii - sad) → 悲しがる (kanashigaru - to feel sad).

欲しい (hoshii) means 'to want' and is typically used when you are talking about your own desires. 欲しがる (hoshigaru) also means 'to want', but it specifically refers to a third person's desire. So, 私は水が欲しい (Watashi wa mizu ga hoshii - I want water) versus 彼は水を欲しがっている (Kare wa mizu wo hoshigatte iru - He wants water / He looks like he wants water).

Not always directly, but it does imply that you are observing or inferring their state. While someone might shiver when they're cold (an observable action), you can also say a child is 寂しがる (sabishigaru - feeling lonely) if they are looking sad or withdrawn, even if they aren't actively doing something specific. The core idea is that you are describing *their* emotion/desire from an external perspective.

Words ending in ～がる behave like regular verbs. For example, 寒がる (samugaru) conjugates like a regular U-verb: 寒がります (samugarimasu - polite present), 寒がらない (samugaranai - negative), 寒がった (samugatta - past tense), 寒がって (samugatte - te-form).

While ～がる is generally straightforward, remember it's primarily for observable or inferable feelings/desires of a third person. It's not typically used with all adjectives or verbs expressing emotion. Stick to common patterns and examples you encounter to get a feel for its natural usage.

CEFR B1 means that ～がる is a vocabulary item typically learned at an intermediate level of Japanese proficiency. At this level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. So, you should be able to understand and start using this in your daily Japanese conversations.

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