A2 verb Standard #450 am häufigsten 2 Min. Lesezeit

はじめる

To start or begin an action or process.

hajimeru /ha.d͡ʑi.me̞.ɾɯ/

The word 'hajimeru' is the primary Japanese verb for starting anything new.

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はじめる in 30 Sekunden

  • Used to indicate the start of an action or event.
  • Commonly used in both formal and informal daily conversation.
  • Often paired with nouns or other verb stems.
「はじめる」is a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. Its dictionary form is はじめる. The casual (plain) forms are はじめる (present/future affirmative), はじめない (present/future negative), はじめた (past affirmative), and はじめなかった (past negative). For polite (ます) forms, we have はじめます (present/future affirmative), はじめません (present/future negative), はじめました (past affirmative), and はじめませんでした (past negative). It is frequently used with the particle を to indicate the direct object that is being started. Understanding these various forms is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences.
While 「はじめる」is a general term for 'to begin,' it often implies a conscious decision to initiate something. A close synonym is 「{開始|かいし}する」, which is generally more formal and often used for official or larger-scale commencements. Another related verb is 「{始まる|はじまる}」, which is intransitive, meaning 'to begin' or 'to start' by itself, without a direct object. For example, 「{授業|じゅぎょう}が{始まる|はじまる}」(The class begins). Distinguishing between 「はじめる」 (transitive) and 「はじまる」 (intransitive) is a common point of confusion for learners.
The pitch accent pattern for 「はじめる」is Head-low (頭低型 - atamadaka-gata). This means the first syllable is low in pitch, and subsequent syllables are high, then falling. Specifically, it's は(low) じ(high) め(high) る(high). When used in a sentence, the pitch of the verb itself remains consistent, but the surrounding particles and other words will influence the overall intonation. Listening to native speakers is the best way to master pitch accent, as it can subtly change the meaning or sound naturalness of a word.

Wusstest du?

The kanji {始|はじ} used for はじめる and はじまる also means 'first' or 'origin.' This visually connects the idea of beginning with the root meaning of something's inception.

Beispiele

1

私は{来週|らいしゅう}から新しい{仕事|しごと}を{始めます|はじめます}。

Speaking about future plans.

I will start a new job from next week.

2

{彼|かれ}は{急|きゅう}に{走り始めました|はしりはじめました}。

Describing an immediate action.

He suddenly started running.

3

{会議|かいぎ}は９{時|じ}に{始まります|はじまります}。

Stating a schedule or event time.

The meeting starts at 9 o'clock.

4

{子供|こども}たちは{宿題|しゅくだい}を{始める|はじめる}{前|まえ}に、ゲームをしたがった。

Discussing pre-activity preferences.

The children wanted to play games before starting their homework.

5

{新学期|しんがっき}が{始まる|はじまる}と、{図書館|としょかん}はいつも{混雑|こんざつ}する。

General observation about an academic period.

When the new semester begins, the library is always crowded.

Häufige Kollokationen

{勉強|べんきょう}を{始める|はじめる} to start studying
{仕事|しごと}を{始める|はじめる} to start work/a job
{会話|かいわ}を{始める|はじめる} to start a conversation
{新|しん}しい{生活|せいかつ}を{始める|はじめる} to start a new life
{読み始める|よみはじめる} to start reading

Häufige Phrasen

はじめまして

Nice to meet you (lit. 'it is the first time')

はじめから

From the beginning

はじめの一歩

The first step

Wird oft verwechselt mit

はじめる vs はじまる

This is the intransitive counterpart. Use it when an event starts on its own without a specific agent.

はじめる vs 開始する

A formal, Sino-Japanese compound used mostly in business or official settings.

Grammatikmuster

〜を はじめる 〜し はじめる 〜を はじめよう

So verwendest du es

Use 'hajimeru' for general purposes. It is a versatile verb suitable for both casual and polite speech. For very formal writing, consider using 'kaishi suru'.

Häufige Fehler

Learners often confuse 'hajimeru' with 'hajimaru'. Remember that if you are the one doing the starting, use 'hajimeru'. If the event just happens, use 'hajimaru'.

Tipps

💡

Use with verb stems for precision

Combine the stem of a verb with 'hajimeru' to describe exactly when an action starts. For example, 'tabehajimeru' means 'to start eating'.

⚠️

Distinguish between transitive and intransitive

Remember that 'hajimeru' is transitive. You need a subject performing the action.

🌍

New beginnings in Japanese culture

April is the traditional month for 'hajimeru' in Japan, marking the start of the fiscal and school year.

Wortherkunft

From Old Japanese 'hazimu' (発む), which meant 'to bud, to sprout, to begin'. It evolved into the modern form.

Kultureller Kontext

In Japan, the concept of 'hajimeru' is deeply tied to seasonal changes and the start of the school or fiscal year in April. It represents a fresh start and a renewed commitment to goals.

Merkhilfe

Think of 'hajimaru' as the 'start' button on a machine, and 'hajimeru' as you 'pushing' that button.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen

「はじめる」は他動詞で、誰かが意図的に何かを開始するときに使います。一方、「はじまる」は自動詞で、物事が自然にスタートすることを表します。

はい、正しいです。動詞の連用形に接続することで、その動作が始まった瞬間や状態を具体的に表現できます。

はい、使えます。ただし、非常に公式な文書やスピーチでは「開始する」の方が好まれる場合があります。

過去形は「はじめた」になります。否定形は「はじめない」です。

Teste dich selbst

fill blank

明日から新しい仕事を___。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort: はじめる

未来の予定を表す文脈で、他動詞の基本形が適切です。

multiple choice

どれが正しいですか？

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort: 会議をはじめる。

他動詞「はじめる」は、人が主体となって行う活動を目的語にとります。

sentence building

（勉強を / 毎日 / はじめます / 8時に）

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort: 毎日 8時に 勉強を はじめます

日本語の基本的な語順は「時間・場所・目的語・述語」です。

Ergebnis: /3

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