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가중시키다

B1 verb #8,000 am häufigsten 11 Min. Lesezeit

가중시키다

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The word '가중시키다' (ga-jung-si-ki-da) is a bit difficult for beginners, but we can understand it simply. It means 'to make a bad thing even bigger or heavier.' Imagine you are carrying a heavy bag. If someone puts a big stone in your bag, they are '가중시키다'-ing your bag. In Korean, we use this word when things like 'hard work,' 'bad news,' or 'money problems' become more difficult. At the A1 level, you don't need to use this word often, but if you see it, just think: 'Oh, something bad is getting heavier!' For example, if you have a lot of homework and then your teacher gives you one more task, that task '가중시키다' (makes heavier) your work. It is a very formal word, so you will see it in books or news more than in talking with friends.

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At the A2 level, you can start to recognize '가중시키다' as a word used for 'making a situation worse.' It is made of two parts: '가중' (adding weight) and '시키다' (to make). So, it literally means 'to make the weight added.' You will usually see it with words like '부담' (burden/pressure). For example, if you already have a lot of stress, and then you lose your phone, that loss '가중시킨다' your stress. It makes the 'weight' of your stress feel much heavier. You might hear this on the news when they talk about the economy or the weather. If there is already a flood and it rains more, the rain '가중시킨다' the damage. Remember, this word is almost always used for bad things, not good things.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to use '가중시키다' in formal writing or presentations. This verb is a causative verb that describes an external factor making an existing negative condition more severe. It is particularly common in economic and social contexts. For instance, when discussing '업무 부담' (work burden) or '경제적 위기' (economic crisis), '가중시키다' is the most appropriate verb to describe how these problems are intensifying. You should notice that it is a transitive verb, meaning it always needs an object (marked with -을/를). Common objects include '혼란' (confusion), '고통' (pain), and '어려움' (difficulty). Using this word instead of the simpler '더 나쁘게 만들다' (make worse) will significantly improve the professional tone of your Korean.

At the B2 level, you should master the nuance of '가중시키다' compared to similar verbs like '악화시키다' (to worsen) or '심화시키다' (to deepen). '가중시키다' carries a specific connotation of 'piling on' or 'cumulative pressure.' It suggests that the situation was already difficult, and a new element has been added to make the total burden even harder to bear. This is why it is so frequently used in legal contexts (가중 처벌 - aggravated punishment) and in reporting on systemic social issues. You should be able to use it comfortably in the passive-adjacent form '가중되다' as well, such as '부담이 가중되었다' (the burden became heavier). At this level, you are expected to understand its use in complex sentences involving multiple causal factors.

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For C1 learners, '가중시키다' is a versatile tool for precise academic and professional discourse. You should be aware of its Hanja roots (加重 - adding weight) and how this informs its metaphorical use in various fields. In political science, it might describe how a lack of transparency '가중시킨다' public distrust. In environmental science, it describes how rising temperatures '가중시킨다' the frequency of natural disasters. You should also be sensitive to its register; it is a high-register word that signals a serious, objective tone. Mastery at this level involves using the word to describe abstract, compounding systemic failures and understanding its subtle differences from '증폭시키다' (to amplify) or '격화시키다' (to intensify/exacerbate a conflict).

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At the C2 level, '가중시키다' is part of a sophisticated vocabulary used for nuanced analysis of complex systems. You should be able to use it to describe the synergistic effects of multiple negative variables. For example, in a dissertation on urban sociology, you might discuss how the lack of infrastructure '가중시킨다' the marginalization of certain communities. You should also be familiar with its appearance in historical documents or high-level legal statutes where '가중' refers to the formal escalation of penalties or responsibilities. At this stage, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a conceptual tool for articulating how pressures and burdens evolve and accumulate within a given framework. You can use it fluently in any formal context, from a policy debate to a complex literary critique.

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가중시키다 means to aggravate or intensify a negative situation, burden, or pressure.
It comes from Hanja roots meaning 'to add weight' (加重) and is used formally.
Commonly paired with nouns like burden (부담), confusion (혼란), and pain (고통).
It is a transitive verb that describes how a new factor makes an existing problem worse.

The Korean verb 가중시키다 (gajung-sikida) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe the act of making an existing negative situation, burden, or pressure significantly worse or heavier. Derived from the Hanja roots 加 (가 - to add) and 重 (중 - weight), followed by the causative suffix 시키다 (to make/cause), it literally translates to 'causing weight to be added.' While English speakers might use general words like 'worsen' or 'intensify,' 가중시키다 specifically evokes the imagery of a physical or metaphorical weight pressing down more heavily on someone or something. It is most frequently encountered in formal contexts such as news reports, academic discussions, legal proceedings, and professional workplace environments.

Core Concept: Adding additional 'weight' to an already difficult circumstance, thereby increasing the severity of the problem.

갑작스러운 폭설은 이미 마비된 교통 상황을 더욱 가중시켰다.
(The sudden heavy snow further aggravated the already paralyzed traffic situation.)

You will notice that this word is almost exclusively paired with negative nouns. You wouldn't use it to say someone 'intensified' their happiness. Instead, you use it for things like 부담 (burden), 고통 (pain/suffering), 혼란 (confusion), 위기 (crisis), and 처벌 (punishment). In a legal context, 가중 처벌 refers to an 'aggravated punishment' where a sentence is increased due to specific worsening factors of a crime. In daily life, if a company is already struggling and a new competitor enters the market, that competitor 가중시킨다 (intensifies) the company's financial difficulty.

Common Usage Domain: Economics, Sociology, Law, and Formal Business Reporting.

금리 인상은 가계의 부채 부담을 가중시킬 우려가 있습니다.
(Interest rate hikes are concerned to increase the debt burden of households.)

Understanding the nuance between this and other 'worsening' verbs is key. While 악화시키다 (to worsen) is a general term for things getting bad, 가중시키다 implies a cumulative effect. It suggests that there was already a baseline level of stress or difficulty, and this new factor has piled on top of it. This makes it a very powerful word for describing systemic issues or complex problems where multiple factors collide to create a dire outcome. It is a B1 level word because while it is common in media, it requires an understanding of abstract concepts like 'burden' and 'causation' in a formal linguistic register.

Register Note: This word is highly formal. In casual conversation with friends, you might simply say '더 안 좋게 만들다' (make it worse), but in a presentation or an essay, 가중시키다 is the standard choice.

불확실한 정보는 시민들의 불안감을 가중시켰다.
(Uncertain information aggravated the anxiety of the citizens.)

In summary, when you want to describe a scenario where the pressure is mounting or the stakes are getting higher because of an additional negative factor, 가중시키다 is your go-to verb. It paints a picture of increasing weight, making the listener feel the gravity of the situation. It is an essential word for anyone looking to move from basic communicative Korean to professional or academic proficiency, as it allows for precise description of cause-and-effect relationships in negative contexts.

Using 가중시키다 correctly requires paying attention to the object of the sentence. Since it is a causative verb (ending in -시키다), it always takes an object marked by the particles -을 or -를. The subject of the sentence is the factor or person that is causing the situation to worsen. This grammatical structure is consistent regardless of the level of formality, though the surrounding vocabulary will usually be formal to match the tone of the verb itself.

Grammar Pattern: [Cause/Factor] + 이/가 + [Negative Noun] + 을/를 + 가중시키다

정부의 새로운 규제가 기업들의 어려움을 가중시키고 있다.
(The government's new regulations are aggravating the difficulties of companies.)

One of the most common pairings for this verb is with the noun 부담 (budam), meaning burden. Whether it is financial burden (경제적 부담), psychological burden (심리적 부담), or work burden (업무적 부담), 가중시키다 is the natural choice to describe that burden getting heavier. For example, if you are already busy and your boss gives you another project, that project 업무 부담을 가중시킨다. Note that the verb is often used in the progressive form -고 있다 to show that the situation is currently in the process of getting worse.

Collocation: Burden: 부담을 가중시키다 (To aggravate the burden)

치솟는 물가는 서민들의 생활고를 가중시킨다.
(Skyrocketing prices aggravate the hardships of the common people.)

Another frequent context is 'confusion' or 'uncertainty.' When rumors spread during a crisis, they 혼란을 가중시킨다 (aggravate the confusion). This usage highlights how the word describes the intensification of an abstract state. It's not just that there is more confusion, but that the existing confusion has become more severe and harder to manage. In written Korean, you might see this verb in its passive-adjacent form 가중되다 (to be aggravated/to increase in weight), where the focus is on the burden itself rather than what caused it.

Legal Context: 범죄의 질이 나빠 형량을 가중시켰다. (The sentence was increased because the nature of the crime was bad.)

그의 거짓말은 사태의 심각성을 가중시킬 뿐이었다.
(His lies only served to aggravate the seriousness of the situation.)

When writing about social issues, 가중시키다 is an excellent word for connecting two negative trends. For instance, 'The aging population 가중시킨다 the labor shortage.' Here, the labor shortage is the existing problem, and the aging population is the factor adding weight to it. This verb allows for a sophisticated analysis of how different problems interact and compound. Remember to always use it with a noun that represents a problem, difficulty, or negative state to maintain the correct semantic prosody.

지속되는 가뭄은 농민들의 근심을 가중시키고 있다.
(The ongoing drought is intensifying the worries of the farmers.)

Finally, consider the tense. In news reports, you will often see 가중시켰다 (past tense) when describing the impact of an event that has already occurred, or 가중시킬 것으로 보인다 (is expected to aggravate) when predicting future consequences. Mastering these patterns will help you sound more like a native speaker in professional settings.

You are most likely to encounter 가중시키다 while consuming Korean media. If you turn on a news broadcast like KBS, MBC, or SBS, or read an article in the Chosun Ilbo or Hankyoreh, this word appears frequently in segments discussing the economy, politics, or social crises. It is a staple of journalistic Korean because it provides a precise way to describe the worsening of complex issues. For example, a reporter might say, 'The increase in raw material prices is 가중시키다-ing the operating difficulties of small businesses.'

Media Context: News headlines often use this word to save space while conveying a strong sense of worsening crisis.

[뉴스 헤드라인] 에너지 가격 폭등, 가계 부담 가중시켜
( [News Headline] Energy price explosion aggravates household burden )

In a professional office environment, you will hear this word during meetings or in official reports. Managers might use it to discuss project risks or resource limitations. If a team member leaves in the middle of a tight deadline, the manager might note that this absence 업무 강도를 가중시킨다 (intensifies the work intensity). It sounds much more professional and objective than simply saying the work became harder. It focuses on the systemic impact rather than just personal feelings.

Academic Environment: In university lectures and research papers, particularly in the social sciences, this word is used to describe the compounding effects of different variables.

이러한 사회적 불평등은 계층 간의 갈등을 가중시키는 요인이 됩니다.
(Such social inequality becomes a factor that aggravates conflicts between classes.)

Legal dramas and real-life court reporting are other places where 가중시키다 is common. You will hear phrases like 죄질을 가중시키다 (to aggravate the nature of the crime) or 형량을 가중시키다 (to increase the sentence). In these contexts, it refers to specific legal reasons why a person should receive a harsher penalty than usual. This is a very specific, technical usage that highlights the word's roots in formal Hanja-based terminology.

Documentary and Commentary: Documentaries about climate change or economic history often use this verb to explain how one event led to a cascade of worsening conditions.

환경 오염은 지구 온난화의 위협을 가중시키고 있습니다.
(Environmental pollution is aggravating the threat of global warming.)

While you might not hear it in a K-pop song or a casual romantic comedy (unless it's a scene in a courtroom or a hospital office), it is ubiquitous in any content that deals with serious, real-world problems. For learners, being able to recognize and use 가중시키다 is a sign that they are moving into the 'upper-intermediate' or 'advanced' territory of Korean language acquisition, where they can engage with serious social and professional topics.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with 가중시키다 is using it in positive contexts. Because the word means 'to increase weight' or 'to intensify,' some students mistakenly use it to mean 'strengthening' something good. For example, saying 'He 가중시켰다 my happiness' is incorrect in Korean. The word carries a heavy, negative semantic prosody. You should only use it when the thing being increased is a burden, a problem, or a negative state.

Incorrect vs. Correct: ❌ 기쁨을 가중시키다 (Aggravate happiness) -> ⭕ 기쁨을 더하다 (Add to happiness)
❌ 실력을 가중시키다 (Aggravate skill) -> ⭕ 실력을 향상시키다 (Improve skill)

❌ 이번 성공은 우리 팀의 자신감을 가중시켰다.
(This success aggravated our team's confidence. - Incorrect)

Another mistake is confusing 가중시키다 with 가중하다. While both come from the same root, 가중하다 is an adjective (or a less common verb) meaning 'to be heavy' or 'to increase.' In modern Korean, when you want to say 'to make something worse,' the causative form 가중시키다 is much more common and natural. Using 가중하다 in a context that requires an active agent making something worse can sound archaic or slightly off.

Confusing with 악화시키다: While often interchangeable, 악화시키다 is about quality (getting worse), while 가중시키다 is about intensity/weight (getting heavier/more severe).

환자의 상태가 가중되었다 (X) -> 환자의 상태가 악화되었다 (O).
(A patient's health 'worsens' [악화], it doesn't usually 'add weight' [가중] unless referring to the burden of the disease.)

Learners also sometimes forget the object particle. Since 가중시키다 is a transitive verb, it must have an object. You cannot just say 'The rain aggravated.' You must say 'The rain aggravated the flood damage' (비가 수해 피해를 가중시켰다). Without the object, the sentence feels incomplete and confusing to a native speaker.

Finally, overusing the word in casual settings can make you sound a bit stiff or like you are reading from a textbook. If you are talking to a friend about a bad day, you might say '안 좋은 일이 겹쳤어' (bad things overlapped) or '상황이 더 나빠졌어' (the situation got worse) rather than using 가중시키다. Reserve this word for when you want to sound professional, serious, or when discussing complex problems.

To truly master 가중시키다, you should understand how it compares to other Korean verbs that describe things getting worse or more intense. While they share some overlap, each has its own specific 'flavor' and set of common collocations. Choosing the right one will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

가중시키다 vs. 악화시키다 (Aggravate vs. Worsen): 악화시키다 (Akhwa-sikida) is the most general term for 'to make worse.' It can be used for health, relationships, weather, or economic conditions. 가중시키다 is more specific to increasing a burden or intensity. If a relationship is getting bad, use 악화. If the stress in that relationship is piling up, use 가중.

두 나라의 관계가 악화되었다.
(The relationship between the two countries worsened.)

가중시키다 vs. 심화시키다 (Aggravate vs. Deepen/Intensify): 심화시키다 (Simhwa-sikida) means 'to deepen' or 'to intensify.' It is often used for conflicts, contradictions, or learning. Unlike 가중시키다, 심화시키다 can sometimes be neutral or even positive (e.g., deepening one's knowledge). 가중시키다 is almost always negative and implies a weight-like pressure.

빈부 격차가 더욱 심화되고 있다.
(The gap between rich and poor is deepening.)

가중시키다 vs. 증폭시키다 (Aggravate vs. Amplify): 증폭시키다 (Jeungpok-sikida) means 'to amplify' or 'to magnify,' like a sound or an emotion. It is used when a small thing is made to seem much larger or louder. While 가중시키다 adds weight to a burden, 증폭시키다 spreads or enlarges an effect, like 'amplifying the public's fear.'

In formal writing, you might also see 부채질하다 (to fan the flames) used idiomatically to describe making a situation worse. However, 가중시키다 remains the most objective and professional choice for describing the cumulative increase of a negative factor. By learning these distinctions, you can avoid repetitive language and express complex ideas with the nuance of a native speaker.

그의 발언은 논란에 부채질을 했다.
(His remarks fanned the flames of the controversy.)

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character '加' (가) originally depicted a mouth (口) and a tool (力), suggesting adding strength or words to something. The character '重' (중) depicts a person standing on the earth with a heavy load.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ɡa.dʑuŋ.ɕi.kʰi.da/

US /ɡa.dʑuŋ.ɕi.kʰi.da/

The primary stress is on the first syllable '가' (ga), with a secondary stress on '시' (si).

Reimt sich auf

시키다 (to make) 지키다 (to protect) 비키다 (to move aside) 느끼다 (to feel) 아끼다 (to save) 섬기다 (to serve) 생기다 (to happen) 즐기다 (to enjoy)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing '중' (jung) like English 'junk'. It should be a clear 'u' sound.
Missing the aspiration on '키' (ki), making it sound like '기' (gi).
Merging '시키다' into '시다', which changes the meaning entirely.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

Common in newspapers but requires knowledge of formal Hanja-based vocabulary.

Schreiben 5/5

Requires correct usage with negative nouns and proper causative grammar.

Sprechen 5/5

Hard to use naturally in casual speech; mostly used in formal presentations.

Hören 4/5

Often heard in news broadcasts; clear pronunciation but fast context.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

무겁다 (Heavy) 더하다 (Add) 부담 (Burden) 시키다 (To make/cause) 문제 (Problem)

Als Nächstes lernen

경감시키다 (To reduce/ease) 완화하다 (To relax/ease) 심화되다 (To be deepened) 악화되다 (To be worsened) 촉발하다 (To trigger)

Fortgeschritten

형해화하다 (To render hollow) 비대칭성 (Asymmetry) 구조적 모순 (Structural contradiction) 거시경제 (Macroeconomics) 지정학적 리스크 (Geopolitical risk)

Wichtige Grammatik

-시키다 (Causative)

공부를 시키다 (Make someone study), 가중시키다 (Make something heavier).

-을/를 (Object Particle)

부담을 가중시키다 (Aggravate the burden).

-고 있다 (Progressive)

상황이 어려움을 가중시키고 있다 (The situation is aggravating the difficulty).

-ㄹ 우려가 있다 (Fear/Concern that...)

혼란을 가중시킬 우려가 있다 (There is a concern it will aggravate confusion).

-로 인해 (Due to...)

폭설로 인해 교통 혼란이 가중되었다 (Traffic confusion was aggravated due to heavy snow).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

일이 많아서 힘든데 숙제가 부담을 가중시킨다.

I have a lot of work, and the homework adds to the burden.

가중시킨다 is used here to show the homework makes the work feel heavier.

비가 많이 와서 걱정을 가중시킨다.

It's raining a lot, so it adds to the worry.

가중시킨다 follows the object '걱정' (worry).

나쁜 소식은 슬픔을 가중시켰다.

Bad news aggravated the sadness.

가중시켰다 is the past tense of 가중시키다.

시끄러운 소리가 두통을 가중시킨다.

The loud noise aggravates the headache.

Commonly used with physical discomforts like '두통' (headache).

실수는 문제를 가중시킬 수 있다.

A mistake can aggravate the problem.

-ㄹ 수 있다 means 'can' or 'could'.

가방이 무거운데 비까지 와서 무게감을 가중시킨다.

The bag is heavy, and the rain adds to the weight.

Literally adding weight.

늦잠은 지각 걱정을 가중시켰다.

Oversleeping aggravated the worry of being late.

가중시켰다 links the cause (oversleeping) to the effect (worry).

추운 날씨는 감기 고통을 가중시킨다.

Cold weather aggravates the pain of a cold.

Used with '고통' (pain/suffering).

교통 체증은 출근길의 스트레스를 가중시킨다.

Traffic jams aggravate the stress of the commute.

가중시킨다 is used to describe increasing stress.

물가 상승은 생활비 부담을 가중시키고 있다.

Rising prices are aggravating the burden of living expenses.

-고 있다 indicates an ongoing process.

거짓말은 오해를 가중시킬 뿐이다.

Lies only serve to aggravate the misunderstanding.

-ㄹ 뿐이다 means 'only' or 'nothing but'.

부상은 팀의 어려움을 가중시켰다.

The injury aggravated the team's difficulties.

The subject is '부상' (injury).

어두운 조명은 눈의 피로를 가중시킨다.

Dim lighting aggravates eye fatigue.

Used for physical fatigue (피로).

태풍은 이미 침수된 지역의 피해를 가중시켰다.

The typhoon aggravated the damage in the already flooded area.

Shows a cumulative negative effect.

컴퓨터 고장은 업무 혼란을 가중시켰다.

The computer breakdown aggravated the work confusion.

Object is '혼란' (confusion).

불친절한 태도는 손님의 불만을 가중시킨다.

An unkind attitude aggravates the customer's dissatisfaction.

The cause is the '태도' (attitude).

정치적 불안은 경제 위기를 가중시키는 요인이 된다.

Political instability becomes a factor that aggravates the economic crisis.

-는 요인이 된다 means 'becomes a factor that...'.

그의 무책임한 행동은 가족의 고통을 가중시켰다.

His irresponsible behavior aggravated the family's suffering.

Subject is '무책임한 행동' (irresponsible behavior).

인력 부족은 남은 직원들의 업무 강도를 가중시킨다.

A shortage of manpower aggravates the work intensity of the remaining staff.

'업무 강도' refers to how hard the work is.

부정확한 보도는 대중의 공포를 가중시킬 위험이 있다.

Inaccurate reporting has the risk of aggravating public fear.

-ㄹ 위험이 있다 means 'there is a risk of...'.

환경 규제 강화는 중소기업의 경영난을 가중시킬 수 있다.

Strengthening environmental regulations can aggravate the management difficulties of small businesses.

'경영난' means financial/management difficulty.

반복되는 실수는 상사의 불신을 가중시켰다.

Repeated mistakes aggravated the boss's distrust.

The object is '불신' (distrust).

전쟁은 해당 지역의 식량난을 가중시키고 있다.

The war is aggravating the food shortage in the region.

'식량난' means food shortage.

부족한 수면은 스트레스를 가중시키는 주요 원인이다.

Lack of sleep is a major cause that aggravates stress.

주요 원인이다 means 'is a major cause'.

고령화 현상은 국가의 복지 예산 부담을 가중시킨다.

The aging population phenomenon aggravates the burden on the national welfare budget.

Formal sociological context.

상대방의 침묵은 나의 불안감을 더욱 가중시킬 뿐이었다.

The other person's silence only served to further aggravate my anxiety.

Describes an internal psychological state.

검찰은 피고인이 증거를 인멸하려 한 점이 죄질을 가중시킨다고 판단했다.

The prosecution judged that the defendant's attempt to destroy evidence aggravated the nature of the crime.

Legal context: '죄질을 가중시키다'.

신제품 개발 지연은 회사의 경쟁력 약화를 가중시켰다.

The delay in new product development aggravated the weakening of the company's competitiveness.

Business context: '경쟁력 약화'.

기후 변화로 인한 자연재해는 빈곤 국가의 어려움을 가중시킨다.

Natural disasters caused by climate change aggravate the difficulties of poor countries.

Global issue context.

일관성 없는 정책은 시장의 혼란을 가중시키는 결과를 초래했다.

Inconsistent policies resulted in aggravating market confusion.

-는 결과를 초래했다 means 'brought about the result of...'.

과도한 경쟁은 학생들의 심리적 압박감을 가중시킨다.

Excessive competition aggravates students' psychological pressure.

'심리적 압박감' is a common collocation.

도시화는 농촌 지역의 인구 감소 문제를 가중시키고 있다.

Urbanization is aggravating the problem of population decline in rural areas.

Demographic context.

이러한 구조적 모순은 사회적 갈등을 가중시키는 근본적인 원인이 된다.

These structural contradictions become the fundamental cause of aggravating social conflicts.

C1 level vocabulary: '구조적 모순' (structural contradiction).

원자재 가격의 변동성은 제조업체들의 수익성 악화를 가중시킬 전망이다.

The volatility of raw material prices is expected to aggravate the worsening profitability of manufacturers.

-ㄹ 전망이다 means 'is expected/forecast to...'.

정보의 비대칭성은 시장 참여자들 간의 불신을 가중시킬 우려가 크다.

Information asymmetry is highly likely to aggravate distrust among market participants.

'정보의 비대칭성' (information asymmetry) is an academic term.

법원은 범행의 잔혹성을 고려하여 형량을 가중시키기로 결정했다.

The court decided to increase the sentence, considering the cruelty of the crime.

'형량을 가중시키다' is a formal legal term.

디지털 격차는 정보 소외 계층의 사회적 고립을 가중시키는 결과를 낳는다.

The digital divide results in aggravating the social isolation of information-marginalized groups.

-는 결과를 낳는다 means 'produces the result of...'.

정부의 성급한 개입은 오히려 민간 부문의 자율성을 해치고 혼란을 가중시켰다.

The government's hasty intervention rather harmed the autonomy of the private sector and aggravated confusion.

'자율성을 해치다' (harm autonomy) is a formal expression.

지정학적 리스크는 글로벌 공급망의 불안정성을 가중시키는 핵심 변수다.

Geopolitical risk is a key variable that aggravates the instability of the global supply chain.

'핵심 변수' (key variable) is an analytical term.

무분별한 개발은 생태계 파괴를 가중시켜 인류의 생존을 위협하고 있다.

Indiscriminate development aggravates ecosystem destruction, threatening the survival of humanity.

Environmental discourse.

거시경제적 불확실성의 증대는 기업의 투자 심리 위축을 가중시키는 결정적 요인으로 작용한다.

The increase in macroeconomic uncertainty acts as a decisive factor aggravating the contraction of corporate investment sentiment.

Highly formal academic/economic register.

기술적 특이점의 도래는 인간 소외 현상을 가중시킬 것이라는 철학적 담론이 활발하다.

There is active philosophical discourse that the arrival of the technological singularity will aggravate the phenomenon of human alienation.

'철학적 담론' (philosophical discourse) and '기술적 특이점' (technological singularity).

사법 제도의 불투명성은 공정성에 대한 의구심을 가중시켜 법치주의의 근간을 흔들 수 있다.

The opacity of the judicial system can aggravate doubts about fairness and shake the foundations of the rule of law.

'법치주의의 근간' (foundation of the rule of law).

문화적 제국주의는 소수 민족의 정체성 상실을 가중시키는 부정적 기능을 수행하기도 한다.

Cultural imperialism sometimes performs the negative function of aggravating the loss of identity of ethnic minorities.

Sociological/Post-colonial terminology.

부채의 악순환은 가계의 가처분 소득 감소를 가중시켜 내수 침체를 심화시킨다.

The vicious cycle of debt aggravates the decrease in household disposable income, deepening the domestic recession.

Combines 가중시키다 and 심화시키다 for precise economic analysis.

권력의 집중은 부패의 가능성을 가중시키며 민주적 절차를 형해화할 위험이 있다.

The concentration of power aggravates the possibility of corruption and risks rendering democratic procedures hollow.

'형해화하다' (to render hollow/meaningless) is a very advanced C2 verb.

언어적 장벽은 이주민들의 사회적 배제를 가중시키는 보이지 않는 장벽으로 작용한다.

Linguistic barriers act as invisible walls that aggravate the social exclusion of migrants.

Metaphorical use of '장벽' (barrier).

신자유주의적 경쟁 지상주의는 공동체 의식의 해체를 가중시키는 요인으로 지목받고 있다.

Neo-liberal competition-first ideology is being pointed out as a factor aggravating the dissolution of community spirit.

Complex noun phrases common in C2 academic writing.

Synonyme

악화시키다 심화시키다 더하다 키우다

Gegenteile

완화하다 경감하다

Häufige Kollokationen

부담을 가중시키다

혼란을 가중시키다

고통을 가중시키다

위기를 가중시키다

피해를 가중시키다

불안을 가중시키다

어려움을 가중시키다

처벌을 가중시키다

갈등을 가중시키다

피로를 가중시키다

Häufige Phrasen

가중 처벌

— Aggravated punishment. A legal term for increasing a sentence due to specific factors.

음주 운전 재범은 가중 처벌 대상입니다.

가중 평균

— Weighted average. An academic/mathematical term where different values have different weights.

성적은 가중 평균으로 계산됩니다.

부담 가중

— Increased burden. Often used as a noun phrase in news headlines.

금리 인상으로 인한 이자 부담 가중이 우려된다.

피해 가중

— Aggravated damage. Used when damage becomes worse over time.

구조 지연으로 인한 피해 가중을 막아야 한다.

혼란 가중

— Increased confusion. Used when a situation becomes more chaotic.

정부의 발표 번복이 혼란 가중을 불러왔다.

위험 가중

— Increased risk. Used when a situation becomes more dangerous.

안전 수칙 미준수는 사고 위험을 가중시킨다.

고통 가중

— Increased suffering. Used in humanitarian or personal contexts.

병환에 가난까지 겹쳐 고통 가중이 심하다.

어려움 가중

— Increased difficulty. General formal phrase for worsening situations.

신규 규제는 소상공인의 어려움 가중을 초래한다.

심각성 가중

— Increased seriousness. Used when a problem becomes more grave.

새로운 증거의 발견은 사건의 심각성을 가중시켰다.

강도 가중

— Increased intensity. Used for work or physical exercise.

마감 기한이 다가오자 업무 강도 가중이 시작되었다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

가중시키다 vs 가중하다

가중시키다 is the causative 'to make heavier', while 가중하다 is less common and means 'to be heavy' or 'to increase'.

가중시키다 vs 악화시키다

악화시키다 is general 'to worsen', whereas 가중시키다 specifically means 'to add more weight/burden'.

가중시키다 vs 집중시키다

집중시키다 means 'to concentrate' or 'to focus' (e.g., focus attention), which sounds similar but has a completely different meaning.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"불 난 데 부채질하다"

— To fan the flames of a fire. This is the idiomatic equivalent of making a bad situation worse.

그의 말은 불 난 데 부채질하는 격으로 상황을 가중시켰다.

Informal/Neutral

"엎친 데 덮치다"

— One bad thing on top of another. Similar to 'misfortunes never come singly.'

엎친 데 덮친 격으로 비까지 와서 피해를 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"설상가상"

— Snow on top of frost. A Hanja idiom meaning 'to make matters worse.'

설상가상으로 사고까지 나서 어려움을 가중시켰다.

Formal

"기름을 붓다"

— To pour oil on a fire. To aggravate a situation through actions or words.

비판적인 기사가 논란에 기름을 부어 혼란을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"혹 떼러 갔다가 혹 붙여 오다"

— To go to remove a lump and come back with another one. Making a situation worse while trying to fix it.

문제를 해결하려다 오히려 부담을 가중시킨 꼴이 되었다.

Informal

"상처에 소금을 뿌리다"

— To rub salt in a wound. To make someone's pain or suffering worse.

그녀의 차가운 말은 그의 슬픔에 소금을 뿌려 고통을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"발목을 잡다"

— To hold someone back by the ankle. To hinder progress and aggravate difficulty.

과거의 실수가 그의 앞길을 막고 부담을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"벼랑 끝으로 몰다"

— To drive someone to the edge of a cliff. To aggravate a situation to a critical point.

빚 독촉은 그를 벼랑 끝으로 몰아 고통을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"찬물을 끼얹다"

— To throw cold water on something. To dampen spirits and sometimes aggravate a negative mood.

갑작스러운 비보는 축제 분위기에 찬물을 끼얹고 슬픔을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

"눈덩이처럼 불어나다"

— To snowball. To increase rapidly, often used for debts or problems getting 'heavier'.

이자가 눈덩이처럼 불어나 경제적 부담을 가중시켰다.

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

가중시키다 vs 심화시키다

Both mean things are getting more intense.

심화시키다 means deepening (like a conflict or study), while 가중시키다 means adding weight (like a burden). 심화 can be positive; 가중 is negative.

학습을 심화시키다 (O), 학습을 가중시키다 (X)

가중시키다 vs 증폭시키다

Both involve increasing an effect.

증폭시키다 is like an amplifier making a signal larger. 가중시키다 is like a scale getting heavier. 증폭 is often used for emotions or sounds.

소리를 증폭시키다 (O), 소리를 가중시키다 (X)

가중시키다 vs 강화하다

Both involve making something 'stronger'.

강화하다 is usually positive (strengthening a bond or skill) or neutral (strengthening a regulation). 가중시키다 is only for worsening a burden.

결속을 강화하다 (O), 결속을 가중시키다 (X)

가중시키다 vs 추가하다

Both involve adding something.

추가하다 is simple addition of items. 가중시키다 is the intensification of a negative state caused by that addition.

메뉴를 추가하다 (O), 메뉴를 가중시키다 (X)

가중시키다 vs 격화시키다

Both involve increasing intensity.

격화시키다 is specifically for making a fight, competition, or struggle more violent or intense.

시위를 격화시키다 (O), 시위를 가중시키다 (X)

Satzmuster

N이/가 N을 가중시켜요.

비가 걱정을 가중시켜요.

N은 N을 가중시키는 원인이 된다.

물가 상승은 가계 부담을 가중시키는 원인이 된다.

N으로 인해 N이 가중되고 있다.

전쟁으로 인해 식량난이 가중되고 있다.

N은 N을 가중시킬 뿐만 아니라 N도 악화시킨다.

실직은 경제적 부담을 가중시킬 뿐만 아니라 가족 관계도 악화시킨다.

N이 N을 가중시킬 우려가 제기되고 있다.

금리 인상이 기업의 경영난을 가중시킬 우려가 제기되고 있다.

N은 N의 심각성을 가중시키는 핵심 요인으로 분석된다.

기후 변화는 자연재해의 심각성을 가중시키는 핵심 요인으로 분석된다.

N이 N을 가중시키는 결과를 초래할 수 있음을 유의해야 한다.

성급한 정책이 혼란을 가중시키는 결과를 초래할 수 있음을 유의해야 한다.

N의 해체는 N의 소외를 가중시키는 기제로 작용한다.

공동체의 해체는 노인들의 소외를 가중시키는 기제로 작용한다.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

가중 (加重): The act of adding weight or increasing severity.

가중치 (加重値): Weight; a value assigned to an item to indicate its relative importance.

Verben

가중되다 (加重되다): To be aggravated; to have weight added (passive form).

가중시키다 (加重시키다): To aggravate; to make heavier (causative form).

Adjektive

가중하다 (加重하다): To be heavy or to increase in severity (less common as an adjective in modern usage).

Verwandt

추가 (Addition)

중요 (Importance)

중압감 (Sense of heavy pressure)

악화 (Worsening)

심화 (Deepening)

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frequency

Common in formal writing, news, and academic contexts. Rare in casual daily speech.

Häufige Fehler

기쁨을 가중시키다 → 기쁨을 더하다 / 배가시키다
가중시키다 has a negative connotation of adding 'burden'. You cannot 'aggravate' joy.
가중하다 used as a causative verb → 가중시키다
In modern Korean, 가중시키다 is the standard way to say 'to make heavier'. 가중하다 sounds archaic or is used as an adjective.
Using without an object particle → 혼란을 가중시키다
The verb requires an object. Saying '혼란 가중시키다' without the particle is common in headlines but grammatically incomplete in full sentences.
Confusing with 악화되다 → 부담이 가중되다
While similar, use 악화되다 for quality (getting worse) and 가중되다 for quantity/weight (getting heavier).
Using in very casual slang → 상황을 더 꼬이게 만들다
가중시키다 is too formal for casual street slang. Using it there makes you sound like a robot or a news anchor.

Tipps

Always Use Object Particles

Since 가중시키다 is causative, it always needs an object. Make sure to use -을 or -를 with the burden or problem you are describing.

Use in Formal Writing

This word is perfect for TOPIK essays or formal reports. It shows you have an advanced grasp of Sino-Korean vocabulary.

Pair with '부담' (Burden)

The most natural and common use of this word is with '부담'. If you're unsure, starting with '부담을 가중시키다' is always a safe bet.

Focus on 'Weight'

Remember that the core meaning is about things getting 'heavier'. Use it when you want to emphasize the pressure or the difficulty of carrying a load.

Listen to the News

To hear this word used naturally, watch Korean economic news. You will hear it several times in a single broadcast.

Avoid Positive Contexts

Never use this word for things getting better. It will sound very strange and incorrect to a native speaker.

Legal Aggravation

In a legal context, it specifically refers to factors that legally increase a sentence. This is a very precise usage.

Remember the Hanja

加 (Add) + 重 (Heavy). If you remember these two characters, you will never forget the meaning of the word.

Contrast with '경감' (Reduce)

To balance your vocabulary, learn the opposite: 경감시키다 (to reduce/ease a burden).

Use for Systemic Issues

It's a great word for describing how one social problem (like poverty) makes another (like crime) worse.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'GA-nt' (Giant) 'JUNG-le' (Jungle) backpack. If you add more rocks to it, you are 'GA-JUNG-SIKIDA'-ing the burden.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a scale that is already tipped down because of a heavy rock. Someone comes and puts another, even bigger rock on it. That action is '가중시키다'.

Word Web

부담 (Burden) 고통 (Pain) 위기 (Crisis) 혼란 (Confusion) 처벌 (Punishment) 무겁다 (Heavy) 더하다 (Add) 악화 (Worsening)

Herausforderung

Try to write three sentences using '가중시키다' describing three different problems: one about school, one about money, and one about a bad day.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Hanja word '가중' (加重). '가' (加) means to add or increase, and '중' (重) means heavy or weight. Combined with the causative suffix '시키다'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To cause a weight to be added to something.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based)

Kultureller Kontext

As it is a negative word, avoid using it when someone is trying to be positive or when describing a person's character unless you are discussing their burdens.

English speakers often use 'aggravate' or 'exacerbate' in similar formal contexts, but '가중시키다' is more strictly tied to the metaphor of 'weight'.

Found in almost every Korean News (KBS/MBC) report about the economy. Commonly used in legal dramas like 'Stranger' (비밀의 숲). Used in academic papers discussing the 'Hell Joseon' phenomenon and youth unemployment.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Economic Reports

가계 부채 부담 가중
경기 침체 가중
경영난 가중
물가 상승 압력 가중

Legal Proceedings

형량 가중
죄질 가중
처벌 가중
가중 사유

Workplace/Professional

업무 강도 가중
피로 가중
책임 가중
어려움 가중

Social Issues

혼란 가중
갈등 가중
불안 가중
소외 가중

Natural Disasters

피해 가중
고통 가중
위기 가중
불편 가중

Gesprächseinstiege

"요즘 물가가 너무 올라서 생활비 부담을 가중시키고 있지 않나요?"

"새로운 프로젝트 때문에 업무 부담이 가중되어서 걱정이에요."

"정부의 이번 발표가 시장의 혼란을 가중시킬 것 같다고 생각하세요?"

"환경 오염이 자연재해의 위험을 가중시키고 있다는 뉴스를 보셨나요?"

"지나친 경쟁이 학생들의 스트레스를 가중시키는 것 같아요."

Tagebuch-Impulse

최근 당신의 삶에서 스트레스를 가중시키는 요인은 무엇인가요? 어떻게 해결하고 싶나요?

사회적으로 혼란을 가중시키는 문제 중 하나를 선택해 그 원인과 결과를 써 보세요.

업무나 학업 부담이 가중되었을 때, 당신만의 극복 방법은 무엇인가요?

과거의 어떤 사건이 당신의 어려움을 가중시켰던 경험이 있나요? 그 일을 통해 무엇을 배웠나요?

뉴스를 보고, 현재 한국 사회에서 가장 심각하게 가중되고 있는 문제가 무엇인지 논해 보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, you should not use 가중시키다 for positive things like happiness or success. Its Hanja roots mean 'adding weight,' and in Korean, 'weight' in an abstract sense almost always refers to burdens, pressure, or problems. Use '더하다' or '향상시키다' for positive increases.

악화시키다 is a general word for 'to worsen' (e.g., health, weather, relations). 가중시키다 specifically implies that a burden or pressure is becoming heavier. For example, 'The disease worsened' (악화되었다), but 'The medical costs aggravated the burden' (가중시켰다).

It is rare in casual daily conversation. If you use it with friends, you might sound like a news reporter or a textbook. In daily life, people usually say '더 힘들게 해' or '상황이 안 좋아졌어'. It is best reserved for formal situations.

It means 'aggravated punishment.' In legal terms, if a person commits a crime again or if the crime was particularly cruel, the law allows for a heavier sentence than the standard one. This is a very common phrase in Korean legal news.

Yes, '스트레스를 가중시키다' is a very common and natural collocation. It describes how additional factors (like more work or a noisy environment) make your existing stress feel heavier and harder to manage.

가중되다 is the passive form, meaning 'to be aggravated' or 'to become heavier.' 가중시키다 is the active causative form, meaning 'to aggravate' or 'to make heavier.' For example: '부담이 가중되었다' (The burden was aggravated) vs. '그가 부담을 가중시켰다' (He aggravated the burden).

In statistics or data analysis, '가중치' (ga-jung-chi) means 'weight.' It refers to a value assigned to a specific data point to reflect its relative importance or frequency compared to other points.

You can say '사태를 가중시키다' or '상황을 악화시키다.' '사태를 가중시키다' suggests that the situation is becoming more burdensome or serious, while '상황을 악화시키다' is a more general way to say it's getting worse.

Yes, it is. '가' (加) means add, and '중' (重) means heavy. Most formal or academic words in Korean are based on Hanja, which is why this word sounds more professional than pure Korean alternatives.

While it literally means 'to add weight,' it is almost always used metaphorically for burdens and pressure. If you are literally putting more weight on a scale, you would usually use '무게를 더하다' or '무게를 늘리다'.

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