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B2 adjective #5,000 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

엄밀하다

eommilhada Top 5,000

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Erklärung 엄밀하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '엄밀하다' is a very difficult word that you won't usually need. It means 'very, very correct' or 'super precise.' Think of it like a teacher who doesn't allow even a tiny mistake in a math problem. You can think of it as 'Super Accurate.' For now, just remember that it is a 'strong' version of '정확하다' (correct). You might hear it in the phrase '엄밀히 말하면' which means 'Actually, if we are being very careful with our words...' Even at A1, knowing this word exists helps you understand that Korean has many ways to say 'correct' depending on how serious the situation is.

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At the A2 level, you can start to distinguish between '엄밀하다' and '정확하다.' While '정확하다' is for general things like 'the correct time' or 'the right answer,' '엄밀하다' is used when something is 'strictly' defined. For example, if you say a square is a rectangle, that's '엄밀히 말하면' (strictly speaking) true, but normally we just call it a square. You should focus on the adverb '엄밀히' (strictly). It's a useful way to start a sentence when you want to clarify something. Don't worry about using it in every sentence, but try to recognize it when you hear it in news clips or higher-level textbooks.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that '엄밀하다' is about logic and standards. It's an adjective used for things like 'definitions' (정의), 'standards' (기준), and 'analysis' (분석). You can use it to describe a process that was done very carefully without any gaps. For example, '엄밀한 검사' (a rigorous inspection). You should also be careful not to confuse it with '엄격하다' (strict personality/rules). If a rule is strict, use '엄격하다'. If the way you define a word is strict, use '엄밀하다'. This is the level where you start using '엄밀히 말하면' to sound more professional in your speaking tests.

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At the B2 level, '엄밀하다' becomes an essential tool for academic and formal communication. You should be able to use it to discuss methodology, logical rigor, and scientific precision. It is the perfect word to describe a well-constructed argument or a tightly controlled experiment. You should also understand the noun form '엄밀성' (rigor/precision). At this level, you are expected to know that '엄밀하다' implies a lack of any 'loose' interpretation. When you write essays, using '엄밀한 분석' (rigorous analysis) instead of '자세한 분석' (detailed analysis) shows that you understand the intellectual depth of your topic.

At the C1 level, you use '엄밀하다' to nuance your language in complex debates and professional writing. You understand the Hanja roots (嚴 strict + 密 dense) and how they contribute to the meaning of 'no gaps allowed.' You can use it to critique theories, noting where they lack '논리적 엄밀성' (logical rigor). You also recognize its use in legal and philosophical texts where the 'strictness' of a concept is the central focus. You can naturally switch between '정확하다', '정밀하다', and '엄밀하다' depending on whether you are talking about general correctness, physical precision, or logical tightness.

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At the C2 level, '엄밀하다' is a word you use with complete mastery of its philosophical and technical implications. You can discuss the '엄밀성' of a mathematical proof or the '엄밀한 해석' of a constitutional law with native-like fluency. You understand its place in the history of Korean academic discourse and how it functions to elevate the register of a conversation. You might use it to describe the '엄밀한 문체' (rigorous writing style) of a particular author. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a reflection of your ability to engage in high-level, precise thinking in Korean.

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엄밀하다 in 30 Sekunden

엄밀하다 means 'to be rigorous' or 'strictly precise,' focusing on logic and definitions rather than people's behavior.
It is most commonly used in the adverbial form '엄밀히' (strictly) in academic, legal, and scientific discussions.
Use it when you want to emphasize that there is no room for error or ambiguity in a statement or process.
Do not confuse it with '엄격하다,' which is used for strict people or rules, or '정확하다,' which is general accuracy.

The Korean adjective 엄밀하다 (Eom-mil-ha-da) is a high-level term that describes a state of being incredibly precise, rigorous, and logically sound. While English speakers might simply use 'strict' or 'precise,' 엄밀하다 carries a specific weight of 'no-room-for-error' that is often reserved for academic, legal, or scientific contexts. It is derived from the Hanja characters 嚴 (strict/severe) and 密 (dense/close), implying a standard that is so tight and dense that nothing—no mistake, no ambiguity—can pass through it.

Logical Rigor: In philosophy and mathematics, a proof is not just 'correct'; it must be 엄밀하다. This means every step follows logically from the previous one without any leaps of faith.

Imagine a sieve with holes so small that only the absolute truth can pass through; that is the essence of this word. It is less about a person's personality being 'strict' (which would be 엄격하다) and more about the quality of data, definitions, or boundaries being 'tight' and 'unambiguous'.

그의 논리는 매우 엄밀하다. (His logic is very rigorous/precise.)

Scientific Accuracy: When conducting an experiment, the conditions must be 엄밀하다 to ensure that the results are reproducible and valid. Any looseness in the variables would make the experiment '엄밀하지 못하다' (not rigorous).

You will most frequently encounter the adverbial form, 엄밀히 (eom-mil-hi), especially in the phrase 엄밀히 말하면, which translates to 'strictly speaking.' This is used when the speaker wants to correct a common misconception or provide a more technically accurate definition of something that people usually talk about loosely.

엄밀히 말하면, 토마토는 채소가 아니라 과일입니다. (Strictly speaking, a tomato is a fruit, not a vegetable.)

Legal Boundaries: Laws require 엄밀한 해석 (strict interpretation). If a law is vague, it lacks the '엄밀함' (rigor) needed for justice.

법의 적용은 언제나 엄밀해야 합니다. (The application of the law must always be strict/precise.)

이 데이터는 엄밀한 검증 과정을 거쳤습니다. (This data has undergone a rigorous verification process.)

Ultimately, 엄밀하다 is about the pursuit of absolute clarity. Whether it is a mathematician defining a set, a scientist measuring a chemical reaction, or a linguist analyzing a sentence structure, the goal is to reach a level of 엄밀성 (rigor/precision) where no doubt remains. It is the gold standard of intellectual honesty in the Korean language.

Using 엄밀하다 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a descriptive verb (adjective) and its common adverbial transformations. It primarily functions to modify nouns or act as the predicate of a sentence describing abstract concepts like logic, definitions, standards, or processes.

As a Predicate (Subject + Adjective): When you want to state that something is rigorous, you use the basic conjugation forms like 엄밀합니다 (formal), 엄밀해요 (polite), or 엄밀해 (informal).

학문적인 연구는 방법론이 엄밀해야 합니다. (Academic research must have a rigorous methodology.)

Modifying a Noun (Determiner Form): To describe a noun, use 엄밀한. Common pairings include 엄밀한 정의 (strict definition), 엄밀한 잣대 (strict yardstick/standard), and 엄밀한 분석 (rigorous analysis).

One of the most powerful ways to use this word is in its adverbial form, 엄밀히 (Eom-mil-hi). This adverb modifies verbs of speaking, thinking, or categorizing. It signals to the listener that you are moving away from 'loose' everyday language into 'technical' or 'precise' territory.

엄밀히 따져보자면, 당신의 책임도 있습니다. (If we were to weigh it strictly, you also bear some responsibility.)

Another common structure is 엄밀성 (Eom-mil-seong), the noun form meaning 'rigor' or 'precision'. You will often see this used with verbs like 확보하다 (to secure/ensure) or 결여되다 (to lack).

이 보고서는 논리적 엄밀성이 부족합니다. (This report lacks logical rigor.)

Comparative and Superlative: You can use '더' (more) or '가장' (most) to compare the degree of precision. For example, '더 엄밀한 기준' (a stricter standard).

Finally, consider the negative form 엄밀하지 않다. This is a polite but firm way to criticize a lack of precision in someone's argument or work. It suggests that the work is sloppy or contains logical fallacies without being as aggressive as saying '틀렸다' (it's wrong).

그 표현은 과학적으로 엄밀하지 않습니다. (That expression is not scientifically precise.)

While you might not hear 엄밀하다 while buying groceries, it is a staple of Korean intellectual life. If you watch Korean news, documentaries, or university lectures, you will hear it constantly. It is the language of 'distinction'—the word used when someone wants to be very careful about how they are being understood.

In the News and Media: News anchors often use the phrase '엄밀히 말하면' when clarifying government statistics or legal rulings. For instance, if a politician says unemployment is down, a reporter might say, 'Strictly speaking (엄밀히 말하면), only temporary jobs increased.'

기자: 엄밀히 따지면 이번 합의는 구속력이 없습니다. (Reporter: If we weigh it strictly, this agreement has no binding force.)

In university settings, professors use 엄밀하다 to challenge students to think more clearly. A student might give a general answer, and a professor might respond, 'Your answer is generally correct, but it lacks 엄밀함 (rigor).' This pushes the student to use more specific terminology and logical steps.

In Professional Debates: During TV debates (like '100-Minute Debate'), participants use 엄밀하다 to point out flaws in their opponent's definitions. They might say, 'You are using that term in a way that is not 엄밀하다.'

토론자: 용어의 정의를 엄밀하게 할 필요가 있습니다. (Debater: We need to define the terms strictly.)

You will also see this word in high-end technical manuals or medical documents. When a medical procedure requires 'strict' adherence to a protocol, the word 엄밀하다 is used to emphasize that even a tiny deviation could be dangerous. It conveys a sense of professional responsibility.

In Literature and Essays: Essays that deal with ethics or social justice often use 엄밀하다 to discuss the 'strict' application of moral principles. It is a word that demands the reader's full attention to detail.

작가는 인간의 내면을 엄밀한 시선으로 관찰한다. (The author observes the human inner self with a rigorous gaze.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 엄밀하다 is confusing it with other 'strict' or 'precise' words in Korean. Because English uses 'strict' for many different situations, it is easy to pick the wrong Korean equivalent.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 엄격하다 (Strict/Severe): 엄격하다 is used for rules, discipline, and people's personalities. A 'strict teacher' is 엄격한 선생님. If you call them 엄밀한 선생님, it sounds like the teacher is made of mathematical logic rather than having a stern personality.

❌ 우리 아버지는 엄밀하세요. (My father is logically rigorous - Weird context)
✅ 우리 아버지는 엄격하세요. (My father is strict - Correct)

Mistake 2: Confusing with 정확하다 (Accurate/Correct): 정확하다 is the general word for being right or accurate. 엄밀하다 is a subset of accuracy that specifically emphasizes the *logical* or *definitional* tightness. You can be 'accurate' about the time (정확한 시간), but you wouldn't usually say 'rigorous time' (엄밀한 시간) unless you're a physicist discussing the definition of a second.

Another mistake is using 엄밀히 when you actually mean 솔직히 (honestly). In English, people sometimes say 'Strictly speaking, I don't like it,' meaning 'To be honest.' In Korean, 엄밀히 말하면 is never used for personal feelings; it's only for objective facts or definitions.

❌ 엄밀히 말하면, 난 네가 싫어. (Strictly speaking, I hate you - Incorrect usage)
✅ 솔직히 말하면, 난 네가 싫어. (To be honest, I hate you - Correct)

Mistake 3: Overusing it in casual conversation: Using 엄밀하다 in a casual chat about what to eat for lunch will make you sound like a robot or a textbook. Save it for when you are debating, clarifying, or working on something formal.

Lastly, be careful with the spelling. Learners sometimes mix it up with 은밀하다 (to be secret/stealthy). Changing '엄' to '은' completely changes the meaning from 'precise' to 'secretive'!

❌ 은밀한 조사 (A secret investigation)
✅ 엄밀한 조사 (A rigorous/precise investigation)

To master 엄밀하다, you must understand how it sits within a family of related terms. Each has a slightly different flavor of 'precision' or 'strictness.'

정밀하다 (Precision/Minute Detail): 정밀하다 focuses on physical precision or detailed accuracy, like a microscope or a high-tech instrument. 정밀 묘사 (detailed sketch) or 정밀 기계 (precision machinery).
치밀하다 (Elaborate/Thorough): 치밀하다 is often used for plans or crimes. It means every small detail has been thought through so there are no holes. 치밀한 계획 (a thorough plan).
엄격하다 (Strict/Stern): As mentioned before, this is for discipline, rules, and authority. 규칙이 엄격하다 (the rules are strict).

Here is a quick comparison table to help you choose the right word:

Word	Focus	Example
엄밀하다	Logic/Definitions	엄밀한 정의 (Strict definition)
정밀하다	Physical Detail	정밀 기계 (Precision machine)
정확하다	General Accuracy	정확한 답 (Correct answer)
치밀하다	Thorough Planning	치밀한 계획 (Detailed plan)

Another alternative is 철저하다 (thorough/exhaustive). While 엄밀하다 is about the boundary being tight, 철저하다 is about the effort being complete. A 'thorough investigation' can be 철저한 조사, but if that investigation followed scientific logic perfectly, it is 엄밀한 조사.

그는 철저한 준비 끝에 엄밀한 결론을 내렸다. (After thorough preparation, he reached a rigorous conclusion.)

By learning these nuances, you move beyond basic communication and start to express complex thoughts with the same precision that native Korean speakers use in professional and academic settings.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character 密 (밀) is also used in '비밀' (secret), showing that 'precision' and 'secrecy' share a root concept of being 'closed off' or 'tight'.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ʌm.mil.ɦa.da/

US /ʌm.mil.ɦa.da/

Stress is evenly distributed, but slightly more emphasis on 'eom' (엄).

Reimt sich auf

정밀하다 (jeong-mil-ha-da) 은밀하다 (eun-mil-ha-da) 면밀하다 (myeon-mil-ha-da) 조밀하다 (jo-mil-ha-da) 친밀하다 (chin-mil-ha-da) 치밀하다 (chi-mil-ha-da) 세밀하다 (se-mil-ha-da) 비밀하다 (bi-mil-ha-da)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing it as 'eon-mil' (confusing with 은밀).
Softening the 'm' sounds too much.
Skipping the 'h' sound in 'hada' completely (though it is often weakened in natural speech).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires knowledge of Hanja-based nuances.

Schreiben 5/5

Using it correctly without confusing it with '정확하다' or '엄격하다' is tricky.

Sprechen 3/5

The phrase '엄밀히 말하면' is easy to memorize and use.

Hören 4/5

Can be easily confused with '은밀히' or '정밀히' in fast speech.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

정확하다 엄격하다 기준 정의 말하다

Als Nächstes lernen

면밀하다 치밀하다 규명하다 고찰하다 실증적

Fortgeschritten

연역적 (deductive) 귀납적 (inductive) 개연성 (probability) 필연성 (necessity)

Wichtige Grammatik

-히 (Adverbial suffix)

엄밀 + 히 = 엄밀히 (Strictly)

-ㄴ/은 (Adjective noun modifier)

엄밀한 기준 (Strict standard)

-성 (Noun-forming suffix for 'quality')

엄밀성 (Rigor/Precision)

-게 (Adverbial suffix)

엄밀하게 분석하다 (To analyze strictly)

-아/어/여야 하다 (Must/Obligation)

정의는 엄밀해야 한다. (Definitions must be strict.)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

이것은 엄밀히 말하면 사실입니다.

This is, strictly speaking, true.

엄밀히 (adverb) + 말하면 (if speaking)

엄밀한 기준이 필요해요.

We need a strict standard.

엄밀한 (adjective modifying noun)

그것은 엄밀히 달라요.

That is strictly different.

엄밀히 (adverb) + 달라요 (is different)

엄밀하게 확인하세요.

Check it strictly/precisely.

-게 (adverbial ending)

이 답은 엄밀하지 않아요.

This answer is not precise.

-지 않다 (negation)

엄밀히 따져보세요.

Try to weigh/calculate it strictly.

-어 보세요 (try doing)

그는 엄밀한 사람이에요.

He is a precise person (in logic).

-(이)에요 (polite ending)

엄밀한 정의가 뭐예요?

What is the strict definition?

뭐예요? (What is it?)

엄밀히 말하면, 그는 우리 팀이 아니에요.

Strictly speaking, he is not on our team.

Focus on '엄밀히 말하면' as a set phrase.

더 엄밀한 조사가 필요합니다.

More rigorous investigation is needed.

더 (more) + 엄밀한 (rigorous)

엄밀한 의미에서 이것은 선물입니다.

In a strict sense, this is a gift.

엄밀한 의미 (strict sense)

과학은 엄밀한 학문입니다.

Science is a rigorous field of study.

-(이)ㄴ (noun modifier)

그의 설명은 엄밀하지 못했습니다.

His explanation was not rigorous enough.

-지 못하다 (cannot/not enough)

엄밀하게 계산해 보세요.

Try calculating it precisely.

계산하다 (to calculate)

이것은 엄밀한 규칙에 따릅니다.

This follows strict rules.

-(에) 따르다 (to follow/according to)

엄밀히 구분해야 합니다.

We must distinguish [them] strictly.

-해야 합니다 (must do)

이 보고서는 논리적 엄밀성이 부족합니다.

This report lacks logical rigor.

엄밀성 (noun form: rigor)

엄밀히 말해, 이것은 불법입니다.

Strictly speaking, this is illegal.

엄밀히 말해 (shortened form of 말하면)

우리는 엄밀한 검증을 거쳤습니다.

We went through a rigorous verification.

거치다 (to go through/undergo)

그 두 용어는 엄밀히 다릅니다.

Those two terms are strictly different.

용어 (term/vocabulary)

엄밀한 잣대로 평가해야 합니다.

We must evaluate with a strict yardstick.

잣대 (yardstick/standard)

실험 조건이 매우 엄밀합니다.

The experimental conditions are very rigorous.

매우 (very)

엄밀한 분석을 통해 결론을 내렸습니다.

We reached a conclusion through rigorous analysis.

-(을)를 통해 (through/via)

이 정의는 충분히 엄밀하지 않습니다.

This definition is not rigorous enough.

충분히 (sufficiently)

수학적 엄밀함은 이 이론의 핵심입니다.

Mathematical rigor is the core of this theory.

엄밀함 (noun form: rigor/strictness)

엄밀히 따지면 이것은 그의 잘못이 아니다.

If weighed strictly, this is not his fault.

따지다 (to calculate/weigh/scrutinize)

법의 엄밀한 해석이 요구되는 시점입니다.

It is a point where a strict interpretation of the law is required.

요구되다 (to be required)

그의 논문은 엄밀한 방법론을 따르고 있다.

His thesis follows a rigorous methodology.

방법론 (methodology)

엄밀한 의미에서의 민주주의를 실현합시다.

Let's realize democracy in its strict sense.

실현하다 (to realize/actualize)

데이터의 엄밀성이 결과의 신뢰도를 높입니다.

The rigor of the data increases the reliability of the results.

신뢰도 (reliability/credibility)

엄밀히 구분하자면 이 둘은 별개의 문제입니다.

To distinguish strictly, these two are separate issues.

별개 (separate/different)

엄밀한 관찰 없이는 발견도 없다.

Without rigorous observation, there is no discovery.

-(이) 없이는 (without)

철학적 담론에서 개념의 엄밀성은 필수적이다.

In philosophical discourse, the rigor of concepts is essential.

담론 (discourse)

엄밀히 규정된 절차에 따라 진행하십시오.

Please proceed according to strictly defined procedures.

규정되다 (to be defined/stipulated)

그의 주장은 언어학적으로 엄밀하지 못하다.

His claim is not linguistically rigorous.

-(적)으로 (adverbializer)

엄밀한 논리 체계가 이 소프트웨어의 기반이다.

A rigorous logical system is the foundation of this software.

체계 (system)

엄밀히 고찰하면 다른 측면이 보입니다.

If examined rigorously, other aspects become visible.

고찰하다 (to examine/consider deeply)

이 가설은 엄밀한 실증적 증거가 부족하다.

This hypothesis lacks rigorous empirical evidence.

실증적 (empirical)

엄밀한 잣대를 들이대면 살아남을 자가 없다.

If a strict yardstick is applied, no one would survive [it].

들이대다 (to apply/bring close to)

엄밀히 말해, 그것은 범죄의 구성 요건을 갖추지 못했다.

Strictly speaking, it does not meet the constituent elements of a crime.

구성 요건 (constituent elements)

형이상학적 엄밀함을 추구하는 것은 고된 작업이다.

Pursuing metaphysical rigor is an arduous task.

형이상학적 (metaphysical)

엄밀한 논증을 통해 반대 의견을 잠재웠다.

He silenced the opposition through rigorous argumentation.

논증 (argument/proof)

이 텍스트는 엄밀한 비평적 독해가 필요하다.

This text requires a rigorous critical reading.

독해 (reading comprehension)

엄밀히 천착하면 진리에 도달할 수 있다.

If you investigate rigorously/deeply, you can reach the truth.

천착하다 (to study/investigate deeply)

엄밀한 학문적 양심에 따라 행동하십시오.

Act according to rigorous academic conscience.

양심 (conscience)

그 정책은 엄밀한 사후 평가를 거쳐야 한다.

The policy must undergo a rigorous post-evaluation.

사후 (post/after the fact)

엄밀히 규명되지 않은 사실을 유포하지 마라.

Do not spread facts that have not been strictly investigated/clarified.

규명하다 (to clarify/investigate facts)

엄밀한 논리 전개는 설득력의 원천이다.

Rigorous logical development is the source of persuasiveness.

원천 (source/origin)

Synonyme

정밀하다 정확하다 철저하다 깐깐하다

Gegenteile

막연하다 허술하다 느슨하다

Häufige Kollokationen

엄밀한 정의

엄밀한 기준

엄밀히 말하면

엄밀한 분석

엄밀한 조사

논리적 엄밀성

엄밀한 검증

엄밀한 잣대

엄밀하게 구분하다

수학적 엄밀함

Häufige Phrasen

엄밀히 말하자면

— If I were to speak strictly; to be more precise.

엄밀히 말하자면, 이건 내 것이 아니야.

엄밀한 의미에서

— In a strict sense; technically speaking.

엄밀한 의미에서 그는 학생이 아니다.

엄밀히 따지면

— If we look at it strictly; when scrutinized closely.

엄밀히 따지면 네 잘못도 있어.

엄밀성을 기하다

— To strive for rigor/precision.

연구의 엄밀성을 기하기 위해 노력하다.

엄밀한 해석

— A strict or literal interpretation.

헌법의 엄밀한 해석이 필요하다.

엄밀한 통제

— Strict control (often in scientific variables).

실험 변수의 엄밀한 통제.

엄밀히 검토하다

— To review or examine strictly/thoroughly.

계약서를 엄밀히 검토하십시오.

엄밀하게 적용하다

— To apply (rules/laws) strictly.

원칙을 엄밀하게 적용하다.

엄밀한 관찰

— Rigorous or close observation.

현상에 대한 엄밀한 관찰.

엄밀함이 요구되다

— To require rigor/precision.

이 작업은 고도의 엄밀함이 요구된다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

엄밀하다 vs 은밀하다

Means 'secretive' or 'stealthy'. Sounds similar but completely different meaning.

엄밀하다 vs 정밀하다

Focuses on physical/technical precision (like machines), while 엄밀하다 is for logic/definitions.

엄밀하다 vs 엄격하다

Used for strict people or rules, not for logical precision.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"엄밀한 잣대를 들이대다"

— To apply a very strict standard to someone or something.

그는 타인에게만 엄밀한 잣대를 들이댄다.

Neutral

"바늘 끝만큼의 오차도 없는 엄밀함"

— Precision that doesn't even have an error as small as a needle tip.

그의 계산은 바늘 끝만큼의 오차도 없는 엄밀함을 자랑한다.

Literary

"엄밀히 선을 긋다"

— To draw a strict line (between two things); to distinguish clearly.

그는 공과 사에 엄밀히 선을 긋는다.

Neutral

"현미경 같은 엄밀함"

— Microscope-like precision/rigor.

그 비평가는 현미경 같은 엄밀함으로 작품을 분석한다.

Literary

"한 치의 오차도 없이 엄밀하다"

— To be so precise that there isn't even an error of 'one chi' (about 3cm).

설계도가 한 치의 오차도 없이 엄밀하다.

Formal

"철두철미하고 엄밀하다"

— To be thorough from head to tail and rigorous.

그의 일 처리는 철두철미하고 엄밀하다.

Neutral

"칼날 같은 엄밀함"

— Razor-sharp (blade-like) rigor.

그의 논리는 칼날 같은 엄밀함을 지녔다.

Literary

"빈틈없는 엄밀함"

— Gapless/tight rigor.

그 계획은 빈틈없는 엄밀함이 돋보인다.

Neutral

"엄밀히 분석의 칼날을 세우다"

— To sharpen the blade of rigorous analysis.

그는 사회 문제에 엄밀히 분석의 칼날을 세웠다.

Journalistic

"엄밀함의 극치"

— The ultimate height of precision/rigor.

이 시계는 엄밀함의 극치를 보여준다.

Formal

Leicht verwechselbar

엄밀하다 vs 엄격하다

Both translate to 'strict' in English.

엄격하다 is for discipline/rules (human behavior), while 엄밀하다 is for accuracy/logic (information quality).

엄격한 선생님 (Strict teacher) vs 엄밀한 정의 (Strict definition).

엄밀하다 vs 정확하다

Both mean 'correct'.

정확하다 is general correctness. 엄밀하다 is 'technically/logically tight' correctness.

정확한 시간 (Correct time) vs 엄밀한 분석 (Rigorous analysis).

엄밀하다 vs 치밀하다

Both imply 'no gaps'.

치밀하다 is about thorough planning/execution. 엄밀하다 is about logical rigor.

치밀한 계획 (Thorough plan) vs 엄밀한 논리 (Rigorous logic).

엄밀하다 vs 면밀하다

Both mean 'thorough'.

면밀하다 means 'close and detailed' (often used with '조사' - investigation). 엄밀하다 is more about following a strict standard/logic.

면밀한 검토 (Close review) vs 엄밀한 기준 (Strict standard).

엄밀하다 vs 은밀하다

Phonetically similar.

은밀하다 is 'secret'. 엄밀하다 is 'rigorous'.

은밀한 거래 (Secret deal) vs 엄밀한 검증 (Rigorous verification).

Satzmuster

엄밀히 말하면 [Sentence]

엄밀히 말하면 그건 과일이에요.

[Noun]은/는 엄밀한 [Noun]이다

수학은 엄밀한 학문이다.

엄밀히 [Verb]

엄밀히 구분해야 해요.

[Noun]의 엄밀성이 부족하다

이 논리는 엄밀성이 부족하다.

엄밀한 기준에 따라 [Verb]

엄밀한 기준에 따라 선발합니다.

엄밀한 의미에서의 [Noun]

엄밀한 의미에서의 민주주의.

엄밀히 고찰하면 [Sentence]

엄밀히 고찰하면 문제가 보입니다.

엄밀한 잣대를 들이대다

그는 엄밀한 잣대를 들이대며 비판했다.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

엄밀함 (rigor/strictness)

엄밀성 (rigidity/precision)

엄밀화 (making something rigorous)

Verben

엄밀히 하다 (to make strict/precise)

Adjektive

엄밀하다 (strict/precise)

Verwandt

정밀 (precision)

면밀 (scrutiny)

치밀 (elaborateness)

엄격 (strictness)

밀도 (density)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Common in academic, legal, and formal discourse; rare in casual slang.

Häufige Fehler

우리 선생님은 엄밀해요. → 우리 선생님은 엄격해요.
You are describing a person's strict personality, so '엄격하다' is correct. '엄밀하다' would mean the teacher is logically precise.
엄밀한 시계 → 정밀한 시계
For physical machinery or instruments, '정밀하다' (precise) is the standard term.
은밀히 말하면... → 엄밀히 말하면...
'은밀히' means 'secretly'. You want to say 'strictly', which is '엄밀히'.
엄밀히 진짜 좋아해. → 솔직히 진짜 좋아해.
'Strictly speaking' in Korean isn't used for personal feelings. Use 'To be honest' (솔직히).
정확한 정의 → 엄밀한 정의
While '정확한' isn't wrong, '엄밀한' is much more natural and professional when talking about definitions.

Tipps

Academic Writing

In essays, replace '자세한' (detailed) with '엄밀한' (rigorous) when you want to show that your analysis followed a strict logical process. It elevates your writing style instantly.

The Power of Clarification

Use '엄밀히 말하면' when someone makes a generalization. It makes you sound intelligent and careful with your words. For example: '엄밀히 말하면 그건 조금 달라요' (Strictly speaking, that's a bit different).

Adverb Choice

While '엄밀하게' exists, '엄밀히' is the preferred adverbial form in almost all spoken contexts. Stick to '엄밀히' for better flow.

Distinguish from Physical Precision

If you are talking about a machine or a watch, use '정밀하다'. If you are talking about a law or a math proof, use '엄밀하다'.

Hanja Connection

Remember that the 'Mil' (密) is the same as in 'Secret' (비밀). A secret is 'tightly' kept; '엄밀' is 'tightly' defined.

Respect the Nuance

Koreans value intellectual precision. Using this word correctly shows you respect the depth of the topic you are discussing.

News Watching

Watch 'Fact Check' segments on JTBC or other Korean news channels. You will hear '엄밀히' used to debunk loose claims.

Noun Form

Use '엄밀성' as a subject. '논리적 엄밀성이 중요하다' (Logical rigor is important). This is a very common sentence structure in Korean academia.

Don't be a Pedant

Avoid overusing this in very casual settings like '엄밀히 말하면 이 떡볶이는 매워요.' It sounds too stiff. Use '진짜' or '정말로' instead.

Strict Standards

When talking about standards, '엄밀한 기준' is the most common collocation. Use it for hiring, grading, or judging.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of an 'UM' (엄) - pire (umpire) who is 'MILL' (밀) - imeters away from the ball. He has to be '엄밀하다' (rigorous) to make the right call.

Visuelle Assoziation

A person using a high-powered microscope to check if two lines perfectly overlap without a single micrometer of gap.

Word Web

Logic Definitions Strict Precise Academic Legal No Errors Tight

Herausforderung

Try to use '엄밀히 말하면' (strictly speaking) in your next Korean conversation when clarifying a small detail.

Wortherkunft

From the Hanja 嚴密 (엄밀). 嚴 (엄할 엄) means 'strict, severe, or majestic'. 密 (빽빽할 밀) means 'dense, close, or secret'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The combination originally referred to something being so tightly and strictly packed or organized that nothing could leak out.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based vocabulary).

Kultureller Kontext

Calling someone's argument 'not 엄밀하다' is a polite way to say they are illogical, but in a very formal setting, it can still be a strong criticism.

English speakers might use 'strict' for both people and logic, but Koreans separate these into '엄격' and '엄밀'.

Often used in Korean translations of Immanuel Kant's philosophy (엄밀한 비판). A common term in 'K-News' fact-checking segments. Used in Korean 'Mock Trials' (모의 재판) to teach law students about interpretation.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Scientific Research

엄밀한 실험
데이터의 엄밀성
변수 통제
검증 과정

Legal Proceedings

법의 엄밀한 해석
엄밀한 증거 조사
규정 적용
절차적 엄밀성

Mathematical Proofs

수학적 엄밀함
정의의 엄밀성
논리 전개
증명 절차

Philosophical Debate

개념의 엄밀성
엄밀히 말하자면
비판적 고찰
논리적 잣대

Quality Control

엄밀한 품질 관리
검사 기준
오차 범위
규격 준수

Gesprächseinstiege

"엄밀히 말하면, 한국어 공부에서 가장 어려운 게 뭐라고 생각하세요?"

"두 단어의 차이를 엄밀하게 구분하는 법을 알고 싶어요."

"이 뉴스 기사의 통계가 엄밀하다고 생각하시나요?"

"우리가 대화할 때 용어를 더 엄밀하게 사용할 필요가 있을까요?"

"엄밀한 기준을 가진 사람과 일하는 것이 편한가요?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 내가 한 말 중에서 '엄밀히 말하면' 사실이 아니었던 것이 있었나요?

나 자신에게 적용하는 '엄밀한 잣대'는 무엇인지 써보세요.

과학적 엄밀함이 우리 사회에 왜 중요한지 논해보세요.

내가 가장 엄밀하게 지키려고 노력하는 규칙 한 가지를 설명하세요.

엄밀한 논리가 감정보다 중요할 때가 언제인지에 대해 적어보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, that would sound very strange. Use '엄격하다' for people who are strict with rules or discipline. '엄밀하다' is for abstract things like logic or data.

'정확히' means 'correctly' or 'accurately'. '엄밀히' means 'strictly' or 'rigorously'. For example, '정확히 3시' (exactly 3 o'clock) is correct, but '엄밀히 3시' would only be used in a scientific discussion about the definition of time.

Yes, but usually when you are correcting something or being specific. It's like saying 'Actually, if we're being technical...' in English.

The verb form is '엄밀히 하다' (to make strict/rigorous), but the adjective form '엄밀하다' and adverb '엄밀히' are much more common.

嚴 (Strict) and 密 (Dense). It literally means 'strictly dense,' implying something so tight that there are no gaps or mistakes.

Use '엄밀성' (rigor) in formal writing, like an essay or a report, to discuss the quality of an argument or a research method.

No. Weather cannot be 'rigorous.' You can say '정확한 일기 예보' (accurate weather forecast).

Yes, both are adverbs. '엄밀히' is slightly more common in the set phrase '엄밀히 말하면', while '엄밀하게' is often used to modify verbs like '분석하다' or '적용하다'.

Yes, it is considered an upper-intermediate to advanced word because of its specific nuance and academic usage.

The most natural way is '엄밀히 말하면' (eom-mil-hi mal-ha-myeon).

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