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B2 noun 9 Min. Lesezeit

kompetentny

Beispiele Notizen & Tipps kompetentny in 30 Sekunden
Erklärung kompetentny in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'kompetentny' often, as it is quite long and formal. However, it is good to recognize it. At this stage, you should understand that 'kompetentny' means 'good at a job.' You might see it on a business card or a simple advertisement for a service. Think of it as a synonym for 'dobry' (good) but for work. If you meet a doctor who helps you, you can try to say 'To jest kompetentny lekarz.' Remember the simple rule: masculine ends in -y (kompetentny) and feminine ends in -a (kompetentna). You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just focus on the basic idea that this word is a big compliment for someone's skills. You might hear it in very simple introductions in a workplace. For example, 'To jest mój kolega, on jest kompetentny.' It's a useful word to know because it appears in many professional contexts even for beginners.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'kompetentny' to describe people in your life, like your teacher, your boss, or a professional you visited. You should be able to form simple sentences like 'Mój nauczyciel jest kompetentny' (My teacher is competent). You should also begin to notice how the word changes based on gender. For example, 'Moja mama jest kompetentną dentystką' (My mother is a competent dentist). At this level, you are learning about the Instrumental case (ending in -ym or -ą), and 'kompetentny' is a great word to practice this with. You will also see this word in job advertisements or on websites describing services. It's important to start distinguishing between being 'nice' (miły) and being 'competent' (kompetentny). You might say, 'On nie jest bardzo miły, ale jest kompetentny,' which is a very common way to describe professionals in Poland.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'kompetentny' in a variety of professional and semi-formal situations. You can now use it with the preposition 'w' to specify a field, such as 'Jestem kompetentny w obsłudze komputera' (I am competent in operating a computer). You should also be aware of the noun form 'kompetencje' (competencies) and be able to use them together. For example, 'On ma wysokie kompetencje, więc jest kompetentnym pracownikiem.' At this stage, you should also understand the opposite word, 'niekompetentny,' and know that it is a strong word that should be used carefully. You will encounter 'kompetentny' in news articles, emails, and more complex conversations about work. You should be able to compare two people using this word: 'Marek jest bardziej kompetentny niż Paweł.' This level is where the word becomes a regular part of your vocabulary for discussing skills and qualifications.
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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should understand the nuances of 'kompetentny' compared to its synonyms like 'fachowy' or 'wykwalifikowany.' You should be able to use it in abstract contexts, such as 'kompetentny organ' (competent authority) or 'kompetentna decyzja' (a competent decision). You are expected to use the correct case endings instinctively, even in plural forms like 'kompetentni specjaliści.' You should also understand how 'kompetentny' fits into the broader Polish culture of valuing expertise and formal education. You can participate in discussions about whether a public figure is competent for their role. You should also be able to use the word in the context of 'kompetencje miękkie' (soft skills) vs 'kompetencje twarde' (hard skills). Your usage should reflect an understanding that this word implies a high level of reliability and mastery, not just basic ability.
At the C1 level, you use 'kompetentny' with precision and stylistic flair. You can use it in highly formal documents, academic writing, or high-level business negotiations. You understand the subtle differences in register; for example, when to use 'kompetentny' versus 'miarodajny' (authoritative) or 'erudycyjny' (erudite). You can discuss the philosophical or legal implications of 'kompetencja' in a constitutional sense. You are also aware of how the word can be used ironically or sarcastically in political commentary. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'samokompetencja' or 'kompetencyjny.' You can write a detailed performance review or a letter of recommendation where 'kompetentny' is used as a base to build more specific descriptions of a person's abilities. You understand how the word functions in complex sentence structures with multiple clauses and sophisticated grammar.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'kompetentny.' You understand its historical development and its relationship to Latin 'competens.' You can use the word in any context, from a casual joke to a supreme court brief. You are sensitive to the word's weight in different professional cultures—for example, how a 'kompetentny' engineer in Poland might be viewed differently than a 'competent' engineer in the UK. You can use the word to navigate complex social hierarchies, knowing exactly when to deploy it to show respect or to assert authority. You can also analyze the use of this word in literature or media to understand character development or social critique. For you, 'kompetentny' is not just a vocabulary word, but a tool for precise communication that reflects a deep understanding of the Polish language's nuances and its socio-professional landscape.
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Beispiele Notizen & Tipps

kompetentny in 30 Sekunden

  • Kompetentny means capable and skilled in a professional context.
  • It is an adjective that changes based on gender (ny/na/ne).
  • Used frequently in work, health, and legal environments in Poland.
  • It is a strong positive compliment, stronger than just 'good' or 'nice'.

The Polish word kompetentny is a cornerstone of professional and formal discourse in Poland. At its core, it describes a person who possesses the necessary knowledge, skills, and authority to perform a specific task or hold a particular position. Unlike the word 'nice' or 'hardworking,' which describe personality traits, being kompetentny is an evaluation of one's objective capability and expertise. It is the gold standard for employees, officials, and experts. In a society that values education and formal qualifications, calling someone kompetentny is one of the highest professional compliments you can pay.

Professionalism
This word is most frequently used in the workplace, during recruitment processes, and in performance reviews. A kompetentny pracownik (competent employee) is someone who doesn't need constant supervision because they understand the mechanics of their job.

To jest bardzo kompetentny lekarz, któremu ufam w stu procentach.

Beyond the workplace, the term is also used in legal and administrative contexts. For instance, a kompetentny organ refers to an authority or body that has the legal jurisdiction to make a decision. If you send a letter to the wrong government office, they might tell you they are not the kompetentny organ to handle your request. This usage highlights the 'authority' aspect of the word, which is slightly more prominent in Polish than in the general English usage of 'competent.'

Social Trust
In social circles, using this word implies a level of respect for someone's intellect. If you describe a friend as kompetentny in a specific hobby, like photography or car repair, you are signaling to others that their advice should be taken seriously.

Szukamy kogoś, kto jest kompetentny w zakresie zarządzania projektami.

The word also carries a weight of reliability. A competent person is someone who delivers results. In the context of the Polish educational system, students are taught to develop kompetencje kluczowe (key competencies), which are the building blocks of becoming a kompetentny adult in the modern world. This includes everything from digital literacy to social intelligence.

Academic Context
Professors and scholars are frequently described this way. To be a kompetentny badacz (competent researcher) means your methodology is sound and your knowledge of the literature is exhaustive.

Jej kompetentna odpowiedź uciszyła wszystkich krytyków.

Using kompetentny correctly requires an understanding of Polish adjective declension. Since it is an adjective, its ending must change to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes. For example, a man is kompetentny, a woman is kompetentna, and a neutral object (like a forum) would be kompetentne. In the plural, we distinguish between masculine personal (kompetentni) and non-masculine personal (kompetentne).

Masculine Singular
Mój brat jest kompetentny. (My brother is competent.) Here, the ending '-y' is standard for masculine nominative adjectives.

On jest najbardziej kompetentnym kandydatem na to stanowisko.

When you use the word with the verb 'to be' (być) in the sense of 'he is a competent person,' you often use the Instrumental case. For example: On jest kompetentnym pracownikiem. (He is a competent employee.) The ending '-ym' for masculine adjectives in the instrumental case is crucial for sounding natural. For a woman, it would be: Ona jest kompetentną pracowniczką. (She is a competent employee), using the '-ą' ending.

Feminine Singular
To jest kompetentna firma. (This is a competent company.) Note the '-a' ending for feminine nominative.

Potrzebujemy kompetentnej osoby do pomocy przy rozliczeniach.

In the plural form, if you are talking about a group of men or a mixed group, use kompetentni. For example: Nasi inżynierowie są bardzo kompetentni. (Our engineers are very competent.) If you are talking about a group of women or objects, use kompetentne. For example: Te pielęgniarki są niezwykle kompetentne. (These nurses are extremely competent.)

Prepositions
We often use the preposition 'w' (in) to specify the field: kompetentny w sprawach finansowych (competent in financial matters).

Bądź kompetentny i zawsze przygotowany do lekcji.

You will encounter kompetentny in several distinct environments in Poland. The most common is the corporate world. During a rozmowa kwalifikacyjna (job interview), recruiters look for kompetencje miękkie (soft skills) and kompetencje twarde (hard skills) to determine if a candidate is truly kompetentny. You'll hear managers say, 'Musimy zatrudnić kogoś kompetentnego' (We need to hire someone competent) when a project is failing due to lack of skill.

In the News
Political commentators often debate whether a minister is kompetentny to hold their office. It is a common point of political critique to call an opponent 'niekompetentny' (incompetent), suggesting they lack the knowledge to lead.

Wiadomości podały, że kompetentne służby już zajmują się tą sprawą.

Another place you'll hear this is in the healthcare sector. Patients in Poland often discuss which doctors are kompetentni on internet forums like 'ZnanyLekarz.' A review might say, 'Bardzo kompetentny specjalista, wszystko dokładnie wyjaśnił' (A very competent specialist, explained everything thoroughly). In this context, it isn't just about knowing medicine, but about the ability to apply that knowledge effectively to a patient's case.

Legal Settings
Courts and administrative bodies use the term in a technical sense. A kompetentny sąd is the court that has the legal right to hear a specific case based on geography or the type of crime/dispute.

Czy uważa Pan, że ten urzędnik był kompetentny?

Finally, in the education system, teachers use this word to describe students who have mastered the material. At the end of a school year, a teacher might say a student is kompetentny in mathematics, meaning they have reached the required level of proficiency for their grade. It's a word that signals 'mission accomplished' in terms of learning.

Everyday Service
If you go to a car mechanic or a plumber and they fix a complex issue quickly, you might tell your neighbor: 'To jest kompetentny fachowiec' (That is a competent professional).

Dzięki kompetentnej obsłudze klienta szybko rozwiązałem swój problem.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with kompetentny is using it too casually. In English, you might say 'he's a competent cook' to mean he's okay, but not great. In Polish, if you say 'on jest kompetentnym kucharzem,' you are saying he has professional-grade skills. If you just want to say someone is 'good' at something, it's safer to use dobry.

Confusion with 'Kompetencje'
Learners often confuse the adjective kompetentny with the noun kompetencje (competencies/skills). You cannot say 'On ma kompetentny' to mean 'He has skills.' You must say 'On jest kompetentny' (He is competent) or 'On ma kompetencje' (He has competencies).

Błąd: On jest kompetentna (kiedy mówimy o mężczyźnie).

Gender agreement is another hurdle. Because the word ends in '-ny,' it looks like many other adjectives, but beginners often forget to change it to '-na' for women. Saying 'Moja szefowa jest kompetentny' is a glaring grammatical error. It must be 'Moja szefowa jest kompetentna.' Similarly, in plural forms, confusing kompetentni (men) with kompetentne (women/objects) is common.

Overuse in Informal Settings
Using kompetentny while hanging out with friends to describe someone who is simply 'smart' (mądry) or 'cool' (fajny) can sound overly stiff or even sarcastic. It is a word of the office, the school, and the clinic, not the pub.

Pamiętaj: kompetentny ≠ kompletny.

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the prepositional usage. In English, we are 'competent at' something. In Polish, we are usually kompetentni w (in) something. Saying 'kompetentny na' or 'kompetentny do' is usually incorrect unless it's a very specific construction like 'kompetentny do podjęcia decyzji' (competent to make a decision).

While kompetentny is a powerful word, sometimes you need a synonym to avoid repetition or to strike a slightly different tone. Understanding the nuances between these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker. The most common synonym is wykwalifikowany (qualified), which specifically refers to having the formal papers or training for a job.

Kompetentny vs. Fachowy
Fachowy relates to being a 'fachowiec' (an expert/pro). It's often used for technical trades. You'd call a plumber 'fachowy,' but a diplomat 'kompetentny.'

To był bardzo fachowy montaż mebli.

Another useful word is profesjonalny (professional). While kompetentny focuses on the ability to do the work, profesjonalny often focuses on the manner in which the work is done—being on time, being polite, and having the right equipment. You can be competent but unprofessional (e.g., a genius coder who is always late), or professional but not yet fully competent (e.g., a very polite intern).

Kompetentny vs. Doświadczony
Doświadczony means 'experienced.' A person can be experienced (has worked for 20 years) but no longer kompetentny because they haven't kept up with new technology.

Potrzebujemy wykwalifikowanej kadry, aby projekt odniósł sukces.

For a more casual way to say someone knows their stuff, you can use the phrase znać się na rzeczy (to know one's stuff). For example: 'On naprawdę zna się na rzeczy' is the informal equivalent of 'On jest bardzo kompetentny.' This is much more common in daily conversation between friends or family members.

Kompetentny vs. Sprawny
Sprawny usually means 'efficient' or 'skilful' in a physical or organizational sense. A 'sprawny menedżer' is someone who gets things done quickly.

On nie tylko jest kompetentny, ale też bardzo sprawny w działaniu.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The word entered Polish through French and German legal terminology in the 18th and 19th centuries as the administration became more formalized.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /kɔm.pɛ.ˈtɛnt.nɨ/
US /kɔm.pɛ.ˈtɛnt.ni/
Penultimate syllable (com-pe-TENT-ny).
Reimt sich auf
ambitny sprytny wybitny doszczętny namiętny pokrętny pamiętny beznamiętny
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'y' as 'ee' (it should be more like 'i' in 'sit').
  • Missing the 't' in the 'ntn' cluster.
  • Stressing the first syllable.
  • Pronouncing 'o' as 'oh'.
  • Nasalizing the 'en' too much.
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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

On jest kompetentny.

He is competent.

Nominative masculine singular.

2

Ona jest kompetentna.

She is competent.

Nominative feminine singular.

3

To jest kompetentny lekarz.

This is a competent doctor.

Adjective-noun agreement.

4

Czy jesteś kompetentny?

Are you competent?

Question form.

5

Mój tata jest kompetentny.

My dad is competent.

Simple subject-verb-adjective.

6

Szukam kompetentnej osoby.

I am looking for a competent person.

Genitive case.

7

Oni są kompetentni.

They are competent.

Masculine personal plural.

8

To nie jest kompetentne.

This is not competent.

Neuter singular.

1

Moja szefowa jest bardzo kompetentna.

My boss (female) is very competent.

Use of 'bardzo' as an intensifier.

2

On jest kompetentnym kierowcą.

He is a competent driver.

Instrumental case.

3

Potrzebuję kompetentnej pomocy.

I need competent help.

Genitive feminine singular.

4

Czy ten mechanik jest kompetentny?

Is this mechanic competent?

Inquiry about professional skill.

5

To są kompetentne kobiety.

These are competent women.

Non-masculine personal plural.

6

Znam kompetentnego prawnika.

I know a competent lawyer.

Accusative masculine singular.

7

Ona nie jest kompetentna w tym temacie.

She is not competent in this topic.

Prepositional 'w' + Locative.

8

Dziękuję za kompetentną obsługę.

Thank you for the competent service.

Accusative feminine singular.

1

Musisz być kompetentny, aby dostać tę pracę.

You must be competent to get this job.

Infinitive construction.

2

Podziwiam jego kompetentne podejście do problemów.

I admire his competent approach to problems.

Adjective modifying an abstract noun.

3

Szukamy kompetentnych pracowników do naszego zespołu.

We are looking for competent employees for our team.

Genitive plural.

4

Ona wydała się bardzo kompetentna podczas prezentacji.

She seemed very competent during the presentation.

Verb 'wydawać się' + Nominative.

5

Czy masz kompetentne osoby w swoim dziale?

Do you have competent people in your department?

Accusative plural.

6

To była kompetentna, choć trudna decyzja.

It was a competent, though difficult decision.

Adjective coordination.

7

On jest uważany za kompetentnego eksperta.

He is considered a competent expert.

Preposition 'za' + Accusative.

8

Nigdy nie widziałem tak kompetentnej firmy.

I have never seen such a competent company.

Genitive feminine singular.

1

Wybór kompetentnego personelu to klucz do sukcesu.

Choosing competent staff is the key to success.

Gerund subject with genitive modifier.

2

Organ kompetentny do rozpoznania sprawy to sąd okręgowy.

The authority competent to hear the case is the district court.

Legal terminology.

3

Jego kompetentne zachowanie uratowało sytuację.

His competent behavior saved the situation.

Abstract noun modification.

4

Brakuje nam kompetentnych liderów w tym regionie.

We lack competent leaders in this region.

Verb 'brakować' + Genitive.

5

Zawsze staram się być jak najbardziej kompetentny.

I always try to be as competent as possible.

Superlative construction 'jak najbardziej'.

6

To jest najbardziej kompetentna analiza, jaką czytałem.

This is the most competent analysis I have read.

Superlative degree.

7

Dzięki kompetentnym działaniom rządu uniknięto kryzysu.

Thanks to the government's competent actions, a crisis was avoided.

Dative plural after 'dzięki'.

8

Nie czuję się kompetentny, by o tym decydować.

I don't feel competent to decide on this.

Reflexive verb + adjective.

1

Wykazał się niezwykle kompetentnym podejściem do negocjacji.

He demonstrated an exceptionally competent approach to negotiations.

Instrumental case.

2

Należy zwrócić się do kompetentnego organu administracji.

One should approach the competent administrative body.

Formal impersonal 'należy'.

3

Jej wypowiedzi były zawsze merytoryczne i kompetentne.

Her statements were always substantive and competent.

Adjective pair.

4

Wymaga się od nas bycia kompetentnymi w każdej sferze.

We are required to be competent in every sphere.

Gerund 'bycia' + Instrumental plural.

5

To kompetentne studium przypadku rzuca nowe światło na problem.

This competent case study sheds new light on the problem.

Formal academic style.

6

Bez kompetentnego zarządzania ryzykiem firma upadnie.

Without competent risk management, the company will fail.

Genitive after 'bez'.

7

Zatrudnienie kompetentnych specjalistów to inwestycja, nie koszt.

Hiring competent specialists is an investment, not a cost.

Complex noun phrase.

8

Czy ta instytucja jest kompetentna do wydawania takich zaświadczeń?

Is this institution competent to issue such certificates?

Inquiry about legal power.

1

Erozja zaufania do kompetentnych elit jest zjawiskiem niepokojącym.

The erosion of trust in competent elites is a worrying phenomenon.

Complex genitive chain.

2

Jego kompetentna egzegeza tekstu wzbudziła podziw audytorium.

His competent exegesis of the text aroused the admiration of the audience.

Highly formal vocabulary.

3

Podważanie kompetentnych opinii naukowych stało się plagą.

Undermining competent scientific opinions has become a plague.

Gerund as subject.

4

W dobie post-prawdy trudno o kompetentny osąd rzeczywistości.

In the era of post-truth, it is hard to have a competent judgment of reality.

Philosophical register.

5

Autorka w sposób kompetentny i wnikliwy analizuje historię.

The author analyzes history in a competent and insightful way.

Adverbial phrase 'w sposób kompetentny'.

6

Zarządzanie tak złożonym systemem wymaga kompetentnej kadry.

Managing such a complex system requires competent personnel.

Genitive feminine singular.

7

To kompetentne ujęcie tematu wyczerpuje wszelkie wątpliwości.

This competent take on the subject exhausts all doubts.

Idiomatic 'wyczerpywać wątpliwości'.

8

Należy dążyć do bycia kompetentnym obywatelem świadomym swoich praw.

One should strive to be a competent citizen aware of their rights.

Dative gerund construction.

Häufige Kollokationen

kompetentny pracownik
kompetentny organ
kompetentny lekarz
kompetentna obsługa
kompetentna osoba
kompetentna rada
kompetentny w dziedzinie
wysoce kompetentny
mało kompetentny
kompetentne źródło

Häufige Phrasen

czuć się kompetentnym

— To feel capable of doing something.

Nie czuję się kompetentny, by to naprawić.

być kompetentnym w czymś

— To be skilled in a specific area.

On jest kompetentny w finansach.

uznać za kompetentnego

— To consider someone as skilled.

Uznano go za kompetentnego kandydata.

wydać się kompetentnym

— To appear competent.

Na rozmowie wydał się bardzo kompetentny.

brak kompetentnych ludzi

— A lack of skilled people.

W tej branży brakuje kompetentnych ludzi.

szukać kompetentnej pomocy

— To look for expert help.

Musimy poszukać kompetentnej pomocy prawnej.

kompetentne podejście

— A professional way of handling things.

Podoba mi się twoje kompetentne podejście.

zostać kompetentnym

— To become competent.

Chcę zostać kompetentnym programistą.

kompetentne służby

— Official services (police, firemen, etc.).

Kompetentne służby są na miejscu.

kompetentny wybór

— A choice based on expertise.

To był kompetentny wybór personelu.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"znać się na rzeczy"

— To be very competent and knowledgeable in a field.

Nasz mechanik naprawdę zna się na rzeczy.

informal
"mieć głowę na karku"

— To be smart and capable in life situations.

On ma głowę na karku, poradzi sobie.

informal
"zjeść na czymś zęby"

— To be extremely experienced and competent through years of practice.

Zjadł zęby na księgowości.

informal
"być w swoim żywiole"

— To be in a situation where one is very competent and comfortable.

W kuchni mama jest w swoim żywiole.

neutral
"alfa i omega"

— Someone who thinks they are (or is) competent in everything.

On uważa się za alfę i omegę w polityce.

neutral
"mieć coś w małym palcu"

— To know a subject so well that one is perfectly competent.

Ona ma historię Polski w małym palcu.

informal
"prawa ręka"

— A highly competent and trusted assistant.

Jest prawą ręką dyrektora.

neutral
"człowiek orkiestra"

— A person competent in many different areas.

Nasz grafik to prawdziwy człowiek orkiestra.

informal
"strzał w dziesiątkę"

— A very competent and successful decision or choice.

Zatrudnienie go to był strzał w dziesiątkę.

informal
"trzymać rękę na pulsie"

— To be competent and updated on current affairs.

Dobry menedżer zawsze trzyma rękę na pulsie.

neutral

Wortfamilie

Substantive

kompetencja (competence)
kompetencje (competencies)
niekompetencja (incompetence)

Verben

kompetować (rare/archaic: to compete)
dopełniać kompetencji (to fulfill competencies)

Adjektive

kompetentny
niekompetentny
kompetencyjny (competency-related)

Verwandt

kwalifikacje
umiejętności
wiedza
ekspert
specjalista
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Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'COMPETENT' person in a 'NY' (New York) skyscraper. They are 'KOMPETENT-NY'.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a doctor with many diplomas on the wall and a calm, confident smile. That is a 'kompetentny' person.

Word Web

praca szkoła lekarz umiejętność wiedza egzamin sukces szef

Herausforderung

Try to find three people in your life who are 'kompetentny' and describe their skills in Polish.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Latin 'competens', which is the present participle of 'competere' (to coincide, agree, or be fit).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: Meeting together, being fit or appropriate.

Indo-European (Italic -> Romance -> borrowed into Slavic).

Kultureller Kontext

Avoid calling someone 'niekompetentny' unless you are prepared for a conflict; it is a serious insult to their professional identity.

In the US/UK, 'competent' can sometimes mean 'average,' but in Poland, it's a high-tier compliment.

Used in legal codes (Kodeks Postępowania Administracyjnego). Common in HR terminology. Frequent in academic reviews.
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