‘分心’ refers to the act or state of having one's attention diverted from a primary task.
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- To lose focus or have attention divided by something else.
- Used in academic, professional, and safety-related contexts.
- Can describe a state of mind or a result of distraction.
Overview
- 1概述：‘分心’是一个合成动词，由‘分’（分散、分开）和‘心’（心思、注意力）组成。它在现代汉语中非常常用，主要描述一种注意力未能聚焦的状态。2) 用法模式：‘分心’常用于‘让人分心’、‘容易分心’或‘由于……而分心’。它既可以作为一种被动的状态（我分心了），也可以描述一种由于外部诱因导致的结果。3) 常见语境：在教育语境中，老师常提醒学生‘不要分心’；在职场中，它指因杂事干扰影响效率；在安全领域，‘分心驾驶’是极其危险的行为。4) 词义辨析：‘分心’与‘走神’相似，但‘走神’更多指内在的思绪游离（如发呆），而‘分心’通常暗示存在某种具体的干扰物或多项任务并行的压力。与‘干扰’相比，‘干扰’强调外部动作，而‘分心’强调主观的心理状态变化。此外，‘分心’在古汉语或某些正式语境下，偶尔也指‘费心’（分担精力去照顾），但在现代通用汉语中，90%以上的用法是指注意力不集中。
Beispiele
别看手机了，你会分心的。
everydayStop looking at your phone; you'll get distracted.
驾驶时分心是导致交通事故的主要原因之一。
formalDistraction while driving is one of the main causes of traffic accidents.
我刚才分心了，没听清你说了什么。
informalI got distracted just now and didn't hear what you said.
多任务处理往往会使人分心，从而降低工作质量。
academicMultitasking often distracts people, thereby reducing the quality of work.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
别分心
Don't get distracted
分心做二事
Try to do two things at once (and fail to focus)
Wird oft verwechselt mit
'Zǒushén' is more colloquial and often refers to internal daydreaming, while 'fēnxīn' can be caused by external factors.
'Gānrǎo' is a verb meaning 'to interfere' (external action), while 'fēnxīn' is the internal result of being distracted.
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
‘分心’ is neutral to slightly informal in register but is widely accepted in formal writing, especially in psychological or safety contexts. It is rarely used as a noun on its own. In very formal/old-fashioned contexts, it can mean 'to take trouble' (e.g., 让你分心了), but this is rare in modern daily speech.
Häufige Fehler
A common mistake is using '分心' as an adjective directly before a noun (like 'distracting noise'). In Chinese, you should say '让人分心的噪音' instead of '分心噪音'. Also, do not confuse it with '费心' (fèixīn), which means to go to a lot of trouble for someone.
Tips
Using 'Rang' or 'Shi' for Causation
To say something is distracting, use '让 (ràng)' or '使 (shǐ)', as in '噪音让我分心' (The noise distracts me).
Don't Confuse with 'Fen Dan'
While 'fen' means divide, 'fen dan' (分担) means to share a burden, whereas 'fen xin' is about dividing focus.
Focus in Chinese Education
In Chinese culture, '专心' (focus) is a highly praised virtue in students, making '分心' a common critique from parents and teachers.
Wortherkunft
The character '分' depicts a knife dividing something, and '心' represents the heart. Together, they symbolize a mind that is split or not whole in its focus.
Kultureller Kontext
In China, focus (专心) is often linked to academic success and moral discipline. Being easily '分心' is often seen as a lack of self-control, especially in students.
Merkhilfe
Think of '分' as 'to divide' and '心' as 'your heart or mind'. If your mind is divided into pieces, you cannot focus on one thing.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
4 Fragen它们是一对反义词。‘专心’指一心一意，注意力高度集中；而‘分心’指注意力被分散，无法集中。
非常合适。‘分心驾驶’（distracted driving）是一个标准的法律和交通用语，指开车时看手机或做其他事。
在现代汉语中，它主要作为动词使用。如果需要名词形式，通常会说‘分心的事’或‘注意力的分散’。
通常没有。它大多用于中性或负面语境，暗示效率降低、不认真或存在安全隐患。
Teste dich selbst
他在考试的时候总是___，结果没写完卷子。
‘分心’指注意力不集中，符合考试没写完卷子的语境。
Which sentence uses '分心' correctly?
B选项正确表达了外部噪音导致注意力分散。C应为‘费心’或‘照看’，D应为‘专心’。
手机 / 学习 / 容易 / 让人 / 里的 / 分心
‘手机里的内容容易让人在学习时分心’是逻辑最严密的表达。
Ergebnis: /3
Summary
‘分心’ refers to the act or state of having one's attention diverted from a primary task.
- To lose focus or have attention divided by something else.
- Used in academic, professional, and safety-related contexts.
- Can describe a state of mind or a result of distraction.
Using 'Rang' or 'Shi' for Causation
To say something is distracting, use '让 (ràng)' or '使 (shǐ)', as in '噪音让我分心' (The noise distracts me).
Don't Confuse with 'Fen Dan'
While 'fen' means divide, 'fen dan' (分担) means to share a burden, whereas 'fen xin' is about dividing focus.
Focus in Chinese Education
In Chinese culture, '专心' (focus) is a highly praised virtue in students, making '分心' a common critique from parents and teachers.
Beispiele
4 von 4别看手机了，你会分心的。
Stop looking at your phone; you'll get distracted.
驾驶时分心是导致交通事故的主要原因之一。
Distraction while driving is one of the main causes of traffic accidents.
我刚才分心了，没听清你说了什么。
I got distracted just now and didn't hear what you said.
多任务处理往往会使人分心，从而降低工作质量。
Multitasking often distracts people, thereby reducing the quality of work.
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