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A2 verb #2,000 am häufigsten 10 Min. Lesezeit

打招呼

dazhaohu Top 2,000

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning their journey into the Chinese language. While 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) is officially classified as an A2 word, A1 learners often encounter the concept early on because greeting people is the very first thing you do in any language. At this stage, learners are taught basic greeting phrases like 你好 (nǐ hǎo - hello), 早上好 (zǎo shang hǎo - good morning), and 再见 (zài jiàn - goodbye). They might not fully grasp the grammatical complexity of the separable verb 打招呼 yet, but they understand the action it describes. Teachers might use the phrase in classroom instructions, saying '跟老师打招呼' (greet the teacher) to prompt students to say '老师好' (Hello, teacher). For an A1 learner, the focus is purely on the communicative outcome: acknowledging someone's presence. They learn that in Chinese culture, just like in their own, saying hello is a basic sign of politeness. They might struggle with the pronunciation, particularly the retroflex 'zh' in zhāo and the neutral tone in hu, but the context of waving or smiling makes the meaning clear. The introduction of this word at this stage plants the seed for understanding verb-object structures later on. Even if they cannot produce complex sentences with it, recognizing the phrase when spoken by a native speaker or a teacher is a significant milestone. It bridges the gap between simply memorizing '你好' and understanding the meta-language used to describe the act of saying '你好'. This foundational exposure is critical for building confidence in basic social interactions.

At the A2 level, 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) becomes an active part of the learner's vocabulary. This is the stage where learners are expected to handle everyday social situations, and greeting is paramount. A2 learners are introduced to the grammatical concept of the separable verb (离合词). They learn the crucial rule that they cannot say '打招呼他' and must instead use prepositions like 跟 (gēn) to say '跟他打招呼' (greet him). This is a major grammatical leap that requires practice. They start using the word to describe their daily routines, such as '我每天早上跟邻居打招呼' (I greet my neighbor every morning). They also learn to use it in the negative form, '他不跟我打招呼' (He doesn't greet me), which helps them express social dynamics. At this level, the cultural context deepens. Learners understand that 打招呼 is not just about saying 'hello' but involves a physical acknowledgement, a smile, or a nod. They might also be introduced to the colloquial insertion of '个' (ge), learning to say '打个招呼' to sound more natural and less robotic. The vocabulary expands to include related concepts, allowing them to construct short narratives about meeting people. Mastery of 打招呼 at the A2 level signifies a transition from merely reciting greetings to actively discussing and managing social interactions in Mandarin, a vital skill for anyone traveling or living in a Chinese-speaking environment.

By the B1 level, learners have a solid grasp of basic grammar and are moving towards intermediate fluency. Their use of 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) becomes more sophisticated and nuanced. They are completely comfortable with its separable nature and effortlessly use prepositions like 跟, 向, and 给. At this stage, they start utilizing aspect particles correctly, inserting them into the middle of the word: 打了招呼 (greeted) and 打过招呼 (have greeted). This allows them to narrate past events with greater accuracy, such as '我昨天在超市看到他，并且跟他打了招呼' (I saw him at the supermarket yesterday and greeted him). Furthermore, B1 learners begin to understand and use the secondary meaning of the word: 'to give a heads-up' or 'to notify in advance'. They can use it in practical, logistical contexts, like '如果你明天不来，请提前跟我打个招呼' (If you are not coming tomorrow, please give me a heads-up in advance). This expands the word's utility beyond simple social pleasantries into the realm of communication and planning. They also learn to differentiate it from similar words like 问候 (wèn hòu), understanding when to use the casual 打招呼 versus the more formal 问候. The cultural implications of face (面子) and relationship building (关系) associated with greeting become clearer, enabling them to navigate social situations with greater cultural sensitivity and linguistic precision.

At the B2 level, learners are approaching advanced proficiency and can express themselves with considerable fluency and spontaneity. Their usage of 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) reflects this maturity. They employ the word in complex sentence structures and varied contexts. They might use reduplication, 打打招呼 (dǎ da zhāo hu), to convey a casual, fleeting action. They are adept at using it in conditional and hypothetical sentences, such as '即使你不喜欢他，出于礼貌也应该打个招呼' (Even if you don't like him, you should greet him out of politeness). At this level, learners are engaging with native media—watching dramas, reading news, and listening to podcasts—where they encounter the phrase in diverse, real-world scenarios. They understand idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms related to the word. For instance, they grasp the indignation in the phrase '连个招呼都不打' (without even saying hello). They can also use it in professional settings, understanding the subtle power dynamics involved in who greets whom first. The B2 learner uses 打招呼 not just to describe an action, but to comment on social etiquette, interpersonal relationships, and professional courtesy. Their vocabulary is rich enough to discuss the nuances of Chinese greeting culture, comparing it with their own, and they use the word seamlessly as a natural part of their expansive Mandarin lexicon.

At the C1 level, learners possess an advanced, near-native command of the language. They use 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) with complete grammatical accuracy and deep cultural intuition. They are sensitive to the subtle differences in register and tone. They know exactly when a situation calls for a casual 打个招呼, a formal 问候, or a literary 寒暄. They can manipulate the separable verb structure effortlessly, perhaps inserting complex modifiers, though this is rare for this specific word. More importantly, C1 learners understand the socio-linguistic weight of the term. They can engage in high-level discussions about sociology, workplace politics, or cultural shifts, using 打招呼 as a focal point. For example, they might discuss how the younger generation's way of 打招呼 differs from the older generation's, or how digital communication has changed the nature of 'giving a heads-up'. They can read modern literature where the phrase is used to subtly characterize a person's social standing or personality. In professional environments, they use the 'heads-up' meaning flawlessly to manage complex projects and interpersonal dynamics, saying things like '这件事牵扯很广，行动前必须跟各方都打好招呼' (This matter involves many parties; we must give everyone a heads-up before taking action). At this stage, the word is a fully integrated tool for nuanced expression and cultural participation.

At the C2 level, the learner's mastery of Mandarin is akin to that of an educated native speaker. Their use of 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) is instinctive, flawless, and deeply embedded in the cultural matrix of the language. They don't just use the word; they play with it. They understand regional variations in how people 打招呼, perhaps knowing the specific local dialects' equivalents or the unique customs of different provinces. They can use it in rhetorical devices, humor, or sarcasm. They fully comprehend the historical evolution of Chinese greetings, from the traditional bowing and asking '吃了吗' to the modern, Western-influenced '哈喽'. They can write elegant essays or deliver persuasive speeches where the concept of social acknowledgment is explored philosophically. In complex negotiations or delicate diplomatic situations, they know exactly how to '打招呼' (in the sense of prior notification or feeling out a situation) to ensure smooth proceedings and avoid causing anyone to lose face. For a C2 speaker, the grammatical rules of the separable verb are completely internalized, requiring zero conscious thought. The word is simply a natural extension of their thought process, used with the exact same precision, cultural resonance, and effortless grace as a native speaker born and raised in a Chinese-speaking environment.

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打招呼 in 30 Sekunden

Means 'to greet' or 'to say hello'.
It is a separable verb (离合词).
Use '跟 + person + 打招呼'.
Can also mean 'to give a heads-up'.

The Chinese vocabulary word 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) is an essential, highly frequent term in everyday communication, officially classified at the CEFR A2 level. At its core, it translates to 'to greet' or 'to say hello.' To truly understand this word, we must break down its morphological components. The first character, 打 (dǎ), is a highly versatile verb in the Chinese language. While its primary, literal meaning is 'to hit' or 'to strike,' in many compound words, it serves as a generic action verb meaning 'to do,' 'to make,' 'to engage in,' or 'to issue.' The second part, 招呼 (zhāo hu), functions as a noun here, meaning 'a call,' 'a greeting,' or 'attention.' Therefore, the literal translation is 'to make a greeting' or 'to issue a call.' This combination forms what is known in Chinese grammar as a separable verb, or 离合词 (lí hé cí). Separable verbs are a unique grammatical phenomenon in Mandarin where a two-character word consists of a verb and its direct object. Because the object is already built into the word, you cannot append another direct object directly after it. This is a crucial concept for learners to grasp early on.

Morphology: The word consists of the action verb 打 and the noun 招呼, making it a classic verb-object compound.

我每天早上都跟邻居打招呼.

Understanding the cultural weight of 打招呼 is just as important as its grammatical structure. In traditional Chinese culture, acknowledging someone's presence is a fundamental sign of respect and social harmony. Failing to 打招呼 when encountering an acquaintance, colleague, or elder is often perceived as rude, arrogant, or socially inept. The act of greeting can take many forms, from a simple nod or smile to a verbal exchange. In the past, a common way to 打招呼 was to ask '你吃了吗？' (Nǐ chī le ma? - Have you eaten?), which reflects an agrarian society's focus on well-being rather than a literal inquiry about food. Today, younger generations might simply say '嗨' (Hāi - Hi) or '哈喽' (Hā lóu - Hello), but the overarching action is still described as 打招呼.

Cultural Context: Greeting is a cornerstone of maintaining 'guanxi' (relationships) and 'mianzi' (face) in Chinese society.

进门时，记得跟长辈打招呼.

Furthermore, 打招呼 can also mean 'to notify' or 'to give a heads-up' in certain contexts. For instance, if you plan to visit a friend, you might '打个招呼' beforehand so they are prepared. This secondary meaning highlights the communicative aspect of the word, extending beyond a mere 'hello' to encompass basic interpersonal coordination.

Secondary Meaning: To give someone advance notice or a heads-up before taking an action.

他没跟我打招呼就拿走了我的书。

In professional environments, 打招呼 is critical for networking and establishing rapport. A warm greeting sets the tone for future interactions. When you learn this word, you are not just learning vocabulary; you are unlocking a vital behavioral script for navigating Chinese social landscapes.

大家互相打招呼，气氛很融洽。

见到老师要主动打招呼。

Mastering 打招呼 allows learners to describe a wide array of social interactions, from casual street encounters to formal business introductions, making it an indispensable tool in your Chinese vocabulary arsenal.

Using 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) correctly requires a solid understanding of its grammatical classification as a separable verb (离合词). This means that the word is composed of a verb (打) and an object (招呼). Because the object slot is already filled, you cannot place another object directly after it. This is a common stumbling block for English speakers who are used to saying 'greet him' and directly translating it to '打招呼他'. This is grammatically incorrect in Chinese. Instead, you must use a prepositional phrase to introduce the recipient of the greeting before the verb.

Prepositional Structure: Subject + 跟/向/给 + Person + 打招呼.

我主动跟新同事打招呼.

The most common prepositions used are 跟 (gēn - with/to), 向 (xiàng - towards), and 给 (gěi - to/for). '跟...打招呼' is the most colloquial and widely used in spoken Mandarin. '向...打招呼' sounds slightly more formal or literary, often used in writing or formal contexts. '给...打招呼' is also common, especially when the greeting implies giving a heads-up or notification. Because it is a separable verb, elements can be inserted between 打 and 招呼. The most frequent insertion is the measure word 个 (ge), forming 打个招呼 (dǎ ge zhāo hu). This softens the tone, making the action sound quick, casual, or light.

Inserting Elements: You can insert aspect particles (了, 过) or measure words (个) between the two characters.

走之前，我去跟老板打个招呼.

You can also use aspect particles to indicate completion or past experience. For example, 打了招呼 (dǎ le zhāo hu) means 'greeted' or 'have greeted', while 打过招呼 (dǎ guo zhāo hu) means 'have greeted before' or 'have already given a heads-up'.

我已经跟他打过招呼了。

Reduplication is another feature. You can say 打打招呼 (dǎ da zhāo hu) to mean 'to casually greet' or 'to do a bit of greeting'. Note that only the verb part (打) is reduplicated.

Negative Form: To negate, place 不 (bù) or 没 (méi) before the prepositional phrase or the verb.

他假装没看见我，不跟我打招呼.

你为什么不向她打招呼？

By mastering these structural rules—using prepositions, inserting modifiers, and applying correct reduplication—you will sound much more natural and fluent when describing social interactions in Mandarin.

The term 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu) is ubiquitous in Chinese society, permeating almost every facet of daily life, from the most intimate family settings to formal corporate environments. You will hear it constantly in spoken Mandarin, read it in literature, and encounter it in media. In residential neighborhoods, it is a daily ritual. Elderly people gathering in parks or community squares place a high value on acknowledging one another. You might hear a parent instructing a child, '快跟王奶奶打招呼' (Quickly greet Grandma Wang). This early socialization underscores the importance of the concept in Chinese etiquette.

Neighborhood Context: Used daily among neighbors to maintain community harmony and show respect to elders.

邻居们见面都会热情地打招呼.

In the workplace, 打招呼 takes on a slightly more professional tone but remains equally critical. Arriving at the office and greeting colleagues is standard practice. Furthermore, the secondary meaning of 'giving a heads-up' is extremely common in business contexts. If a manager needs to change a schedule, they might say, '我先跟大家打个招呼' (Let me give everyone a heads-up first).

Workplace Context: Functions both as a standard morning greeting and as a professional courtesy for advance notification.

这件事你最好先跟经理打个招呼.

In schools, teachers explicitly teach students the importance of manners, often using this exact phrase. '见到老师要主动打招呼' (You must take the initiative to greet teachers when you see them) is a rule ingrained in students from kindergarten.

好学生懂得尊敬师长，见面必打招呼.

You will also hear it frequently in Chinese television dramas and movies. Characters might complain about someone's arrogance by saying, '他连个招呼都不打就走了' (He left without even saying hello). This highlights the social friction caused by omitting this crucial interaction.

Media Context: Often used in dialogue to characterize a person's politeness or lack thereof.

那个人真没礼貌，从来不跟人打招呼.

我们在街上偶遇，互相打了个招呼.

Whether you are watching a modern urban drama or a period piece, the concept of acknowledging others remains a constant thread, making this vocabulary word essential for cultural comprehension.

When learning the word 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu), non-native speakers frequently encounter a specific set of grammatical and usage pitfalls. The most pervasive error stems from a misunderstanding of separable verbs (离合词). Because 'to greet' is a transitive verb in English (e.g., 'I greet him'), learners naturally assume they can directly translate this structure into Chinese, resulting in the incorrect sentence '我打招呼他' (Wǒ dǎ zhāo hu tā). This is fundamentally wrong because '招呼' is already the object of the verb '打'. You cannot have two direct objects in this manner.

The Direct Object Error: Never place a pronoun or noun directly after 打招呼. It is grammatically invalid.

❌ 错误: 我每天打招呼我的老师。
✅ 正确: 我每天跟我的老师打招呼.

To correct this, learners must adopt the prepositional structure: Subject + 跟/向/给 + Target + 打招呼. Another common mistake involves the placement of aspect particles like 了 (le) and 过 (guo). Learners often place these particles at the very end of the word, saying '打招呼了' (dǎ zhāo hu le) to mean 'greeted'. While this can sometimes be acceptable at the end of a sentence to indicate a change of state, the more accurate and natural way to express completion of the action is to insert the particle immediately after the verb character: 打了招呼 (dǎ le zhāo hu).

Particle Placement: Insert 了, 过, or measure words between 打 and 招呼.

❌ 错误: 我已经跟他打招呼过了。
✅ 正确: 我已经跟他打过招呼了。

A third mistake is related to reduplication. When trying to express a casual or brief greeting, learners might say '打招呼打招呼'. The correct pattern for A-B separable verbs is A-A-B. Therefore, it should be 打打招呼 (dǎ da zhāo hu).

Reduplication Error: Do not repeat the entire word. Repeat only the first character.

❌ 错误: 我们过去打招呼打招呼吧。
✅ 正确: 我们过去打打招呼吧。

他走过来跟我打了个招呼。

记住，不要直接说“我打招呼他”。

By consciously avoiding these structural errors, learners can significantly improve their grammatical accuracy and sound much more like native speakers when discussing daily social interactions.

In the realm of Chinese greetings and social interactions, several words share semantic territory with 打招呼 (dǎ zhāo hu), but each carries its own distinct nuance, formality level, and grammatical usage. The most prominent synonym is 问候 (wèn hòu). While both involve greeting, 问候 is significantly more formal and carries a deeper sense of care or concern. It translates more closely to 'to send regards' or 'to extend greetings.' Unlike 打招呼, which can be a simple wave or a quick 'hello,' 问候 implies asking about someone's health, well-being, or family. Furthermore, 问候 is a standard transitive verb, meaning you can place the object directly after it: 问候老师 (greet the teacher).

问候 (wèn hòu): Formal, means to send regards or ask about well-being. Transitive verb.

请代我向你父母问候。

Another related term is 寒暄 (hán xuān). This word is highly literary and formal, translating to 'to exchange pleasantries' or 'to make small talk.' It specifically refers to the polite, often superficial conversation that occurs when people first meet or run into each other, such as talking about the weather (literally, 寒 means cold and 暄 means warm). It is an intransitive verb and is often used in formal writing or descriptions of business meetings.

寒暄 (hán xuān): Formal, literary. Means to exchange pleasantries or make small talk.

两人见面后，互相寒暄了几句。

We can also compare it to 招呼 (zhāo hu) used as a verb on its own. While 打招呼 means to greet, simply saying 招呼 someone often means to attend to them, to host them, or to take care of them, especially guests in a home or customers in a restaurant. For example, '你去招呼一下客人' means 'Go attend to the guests.'

招呼 (zhāo hu) as a verb: Means to attend to, entertain, or take care of guests/customers.

店员正在热情地招呼顾客。

相比之下，打招呼更加口语化和普遍。

他只是点点头，算是打招呼了。

Understanding these distinctions allows learners to choose the precise word for the social situation, whether it's a casual wave (打招呼), sending formal regards (问候), making polite small talk (寒暄), or hosting guests (招呼).

How Formal Is It?

Formell

Informell

Umgangssprache

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Beispiele nach Niveau

你好！

Hello! (The basic way to greet)

Basic greeting phrase.

早上好！

Good morning!

Time-specific greeting.

老师好！

Hello, teacher!

Respectful greeting.

再见！

Goodbye!

Parting greeting.

他笑了。

He smiled. (A form of greeting)

Subject + Verb.

我看见他了。

I saw him.

Basic SVO.

你好吗？

How are you?

Question particle 吗.

谢谢！

Thank you!

Basic politeness.

我每天跟他打招呼。

I greet him every day.

跟 + Person + 打招呼.

请跟老师打招呼。

Please greet the teacher.

Imperative sentence.

他不跟我打招呼。

He doesn't greet me.

Negative 不.

我们互相打招呼。

We greet each other.

Adverb 互相.

进门要打招呼。

You must greet when entering.

Modal verb 要.

我笑着打招呼。

I greet with a smile.

Verb + 着 (manner).

他没打招呼。

He didn't say hello.

Negative 没 for past.

记得打招呼。

Remember to say hello.

Verb 记得.

我昨天在街上跟他打了个招呼。

I greeted him on the street yesterday.

Insertion of 了个.

如果你晚点来，请提前打个招呼。

If you arrive late, please give a heads-up in advance.

Secondary meaning: heads-up.

他假装没看见我，连招呼都没打。

He pretended not to see me and didn't even say hello.

连...都 structure.

我已经跟经理打过招呼了。

I have already given the manager a heads-up.

Aspect particle 过.

大家见面都会热情地打招呼。

Everyone greets each other warmly when they meet.

Adverbial marker 地.

去别人家做客，要先跟长辈打招呼。

When visiting someone's home, greet the elders first.

Sequence 先.

我不知道该怎么跟他打招呼。

I don't know how to greet him.

Question word 怎么.

他走过去跟新同事打打招呼。

He walked over to casually greet the new colleagues.

Reduplication 打打.

即使你们吵架了，见面也应该打个招呼。

Even if you argued, you should still say hello when you meet.

即使...也 (Even if... still).

这件事牵扯很多人，行动前必须跟大家打好招呼。

This matter involves many people; we must give everyone a proper heads-up before acting.

Resultative complement 好.

他这个人很孤僻，从来不主动跟人打招呼。

He is very withdrawn and never takes the initiative to greet people.

Adverb 从来不.

西方人打招呼的方式和中国人不太一样。

The way Westerners greet is quite different from Chinese people.

Noun phrase ...的方式.

她只是微微点了点头，算是打过招呼了。

She just nodded slightly, which counted as a greeting.

算是 (considered as).

为了避免误会，我事先跟他打了个招呼。

To avoid misunderstanding, I gave him a heads-up beforehand.

为了 (in order to).

一进办公室，他就忙着跟各位领导打招呼。

As soon as he entered the office, he was busy greeting all the leaders.

一...就 (as soon as).

这种不打招呼就随便拿别人东西的行为很不礼貌。

This behavior of taking others' things casually without asking (giving a heads-up) is very impolite.

Noun phrase modifying 行为.

在复杂的职场环境中，懂得适时地跟各方打招呼是一门艺术。

In a complex workplace environment, knowing how to appropriately give a heads-up to all parties is an art.

Complex subject clause.

他那种居高临下、敷衍了事的打招呼方式，让人感到极度不适。

His condescending and perfunctory way of greeting makes people feel extremely uncomfortable.

Multiple adjectives modifying the noun phrase.

中国传统的打招呼用语“吃了吗”，折射出农耕社会对温饱的深切关注。

The traditional Chinese greeting 'Have you eaten?' reflects the agrarian society's deep concern for food and warmth.

Verb 折射出 (reflects).

新政策出台前，政府部门通常会向相关企业提前打个招呼，以作缓冲。

Before a new policy is introduced, government departments usually give a heads-up to relevant enterprises as a buffer.

Formal preposition 向.

他连个招呼都不打就拂袖而去，令在场的所有人都面面相觑。

He left in a huff without even saying hello, leaving everyone present looking at each other in dismay.

Idiom 拂袖而去.

与其事后道歉，不如事前多打几个招呼，把工作做在前面。

Rather than apologizing afterwards, it's better to give more heads-ups beforehand and do the work upfront.

与其...不如 (rather than... it's better to).

在这个快节奏的社会，人与人之间往往只剩下点头之交的打招呼了。

In this fast-paced society, interactions between people are often reduced to mere nodding acquaintances' greetings.

Idiom 点头之交.

他深谙人情世故，哪怕是面对竞争对手，也能做到笑脸相迎、礼貌打招呼。

He is well-versed in the ways of the world; even when facing competitors, he can greet them with a smiling face and politeness.

Idiom 人情世故.

所谓“未见其人，先闻其声”，王熙凤的出场便是一种极具声势的“打招呼”。

As the saying goes, 'hearing the voice before seeing the person,' Wang Xifeng's entrance is a highly imposing form of 'greeting'.

Literary reference (Dream of the Red Chamber).

在官场文化中，这个“招呼”怎么打、跟谁打、什么时候打，都暗藏着微妙的权力博弈。

In bureaucratic culture, how, to whom, and when this 'heads-up' is given all conceal subtle power struggles.

Parallel structure with question words.

他试图用一种插科打诨的方式来打破僵局，权当是跟这群陌生人打招呼了。

He tried to break the ice with a bantering manner, treating it as a way to greet this group of strangers.

Idiom 插科打诨.

随着互联网的普及，点赞和评论逐渐演变成了一种新型的、数字化的打招呼方式。

With the popularization of the internet, liking and commenting have gradually evolved into a new, digital way of greeting.

Passive evolution 演变成.

那一声微弱的叹息，仿佛是历史深处传来的、跨越时空的打招呼。

That faint sigh seemed like a greeting transmitted from the depths of history, transcending time and space.

Poetic metaphor.

他行事向来独断专行，任何决策都不屑于跟下属打半个招呼。

He has always acted arbitrarily and dictatorially, disdaining to give even half a heads-up to his subordinates regarding any decision.

Exaggeration 半个招呼.

在礼崩乐坏的年代，坚守哪怕是最基本的见面打招呼的礼仪，也显得弥足珍贵。

In an era of moral decline, adhering to even the most basic etiquette of greeting upon meeting appears exceptionally precious.

Idiom 礼崩乐坏.

这篇序言，实则是作者在向读者打招呼，为即将展开的宏大叙事定下基调。

This preface is actually the author greeting the readers, setting the tone for the grand narrative about to unfold.

Metaphorical use in literature.

Häufige Kollokationen

主动打招呼

互相打招呼

热情地打招呼

微笑着打招呼

跟人打招呼

向老师打招呼

提前打个招呼

连招呼都不打

打了个招呼

出门打招呼

Häufige Phrasen

打个招呼

跟他打招呼

没打招呼

打过招呼

互相打招呼

主动打招呼

连个招呼都不打

提前打招呼

出门打招呼

笑着打招呼

Wird oft verwechselt mit

打招呼 vs 问候 (More formal, transitive)

打招呼 vs 招呼 (To host/attend to)

打招呼 vs 搭讪 (To strike up a conversation, often flirtatious)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

Leicht verwechselbar

打招呼 vs

Satzmuster

So verwendest du es

regional differences

Universally understood across all Mandarin-speaking regions.

literal vs figurative

Literally means to greet. Figuratively means to give a heads-up or notify.

Häufige Fehler

Saying '我打招呼他' instead of '我跟他打招呼'.
Saying '打招呼了' instead of '打了招呼' for past tense.
Saying '打招呼打招呼' instead of '打打招呼' for reduplication.
Forgetting to use a preposition (跟, 向) entirely.
Confusing it with '招呼' (to host) or '打听' (to inquire).

Tipps

Separable Verb Rule

Always remember that 打招呼 is a verb-object compound. Never attach a direct object to the end of it. Use prepositions like 跟.

Use '个' for Natural Speech

Native speakers frequently insert '个' to say 打个招呼. This makes your Chinese sound much more fluent and less textbook-like.

The Importance of Greeting

In China, greeting is a sign of respect. Always make an effort to 打招呼 to elders, teachers, and colleagues to build good 'guanxi'.

Past Tense Placement

Put '了' inside the word: 打了招呼. This is the standard way to show that the greeting has already happened.

Secondary Meaning

Don't forget the 'heads-up' meaning. It's incredibly useful in workplace communication to show you are proactive.

Neutral Tone on 'hu'

The 'hu' in zhāo hu is a neutral tone. Don't stress it. It should be light and short: dǎ zhāo hu.

Reduplication Pattern

If you want to say 'casually greet', use the AAB pattern: 打打招呼. This softens the action.

Common Adverbs

Pair it with adverbs like 主动 (proactively) or 热情地 (warmly) to make your sentences more descriptive.

Responding to '吃了吗'

If an older person greets you with '吃了吗', just say '吃了，您呢？' (I've eaten, and you?). Don't list what you actually ate.

Listen for the Preposition

When listening to native speakers, pay attention to the word right before 打招呼. It's usually the person being greeted, introduced by 跟.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine hitting (打) a gong to call (招) and shout (呼) a greeting to everyone in the village.

Wortherkunft

The word combines 打 (a generic action verb) with 招呼 (to call out/attend to). Originally, it meant to literally call out to someone to get their attention. Over time, it evolved into the standard term for greeting.

Kultureller Kontext

Ignoring someone you know is highly offensive.

Varies from casual (nodding) to formal (bowing).

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"你今天早上跟邻居打招呼了吗？"

"在你们国家，人们见面怎么打招呼？"

"如果遇到不喜欢的人，你会跟他打招呼吗？"

"你觉得“提前打招呼”在工作中重要吗？"

"你最常用的打招呼方式是什么？"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe a time when someone didn't greet you and how it made you feel.

Write about the differences in greeting customs between your country and China.

Explain why 'giving a heads-up' (提前打招呼) is important in teamwork.

Write a short dialogue where two old friends meet and greet each other.

Reflect on the phrase '吃了吗' as a form of greeting.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, this is grammatically incorrect. '打招呼' is a separable verb (离合词), meaning '招呼' is already the object of '打'. You cannot add another object directly after it. You must use a prepositional phrase: '我跟他打招呼' (I greet him).

Inserting '个' (ge) between '打' and '招呼' makes the action sound more casual, brief, or colloquial. It translates to 'give a quick hello' or 'give a quick heads-up'. It softens the tone of the sentence.

To indicate completion, insert the aspect particle '了' (le) immediately after the verb '打'. The correct form is '我跟他打了招呼'. Do not put '了' at the very end like '我跟他打招呼了', although sometimes acceptable, '打了招呼' is much more standard for expressing the completed action.

No, it has a very common secondary meaning: 'to give a heads-up' or 'to notify in advance'. For example, '我明天不来，先跟你打个招呼' means 'I'm not coming tomorrow, I'm giving you a heads-up first'.

'打招呼' is the general, everyday term for greeting someone (saying hi, waving). '问候' is much more formal and means 'to send regards' or 'to ask about someone's well-being'. Also, '问候' is a regular transitive verb, so you can say '问候他' (send regards to him).

Because it is an A-B separable verb (Verb-Object), the correct reduplication pattern is A-A-B. Therefore, you say '打打招呼' (dǎ da zhāo hu), which means 'to casually greet'. Never say '打招呼打招呼'.

'你吃了吗' (Have you eaten?) is a traditional greeting that originated in agrarian times when food scarcity was a concern. Asking if someone had eaten was a way of showing deep care for their well-being. Today, it functions just like 'How are you?' and doesn't require a literal answer about your meal.

The most common preposition in spoken Mandarin is '跟' (gēn - with/to). You can also use '向' (xiàng - towards), which sounds slightly more formal, or '给' (gěi - to), which is often used when '打招呼' means 'giving a heads-up'.

Yes, absolutely. It is used both for the standard morning greeting among colleagues and, very importantly, for giving advance notice to managers or clients about changes or decisions to maintain professional courtesy.

This is a common phrase expressing annoyance or indignation. It means 'without even saying hello' or 'without even giving a heads-up'. It highlights someone's rudeness or lack of manners, e.g., '他连个招呼都不打就走了' (He left without even saying goodbye/hello).

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writing

Write a sentence saying 'I greet my teacher every day.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

我每天跟老师打招呼。