脾气 (píqì) represents a person's characteristic emotional reaction and temperament.
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- Refers to a person's temperament or emotional disposition.
- Commonly used to describe if someone gets angry easily.
- Frequently paired with adjectives like good or bad.
Overview
- 1概览：脾气是一个非常高频的词汇，用来概括一个人的内在性格倾向，特别是针对情绪反应的模式。它既可以指天生的秉性，也可以指后天形成的习惯性反应。2) 使用模式：在中文里，我们常说“有脾气”表示一个人容易发火，或者说“没脾气”表示一个人性格温和、好说话。它经常与形容词搭配，如“好脾气”、“坏脾气”。3) 常见语境：在工作场合，人们会评价同事“脾气大”；在家庭教育中，父母常提醒孩子“不要发脾气”；在交友时，我们常说“他的脾气很合我的胃口”。4) 近义词辨析：“性格”是一个更广泛的词，涵盖了一个人的所有心理特征，而“脾气”更侧重于情绪的爆发点和波动情况。与“性子”相比，“脾气”更常用于描述负面情绪的表达。
Beispiele
他脾气很好，很少对人发火。
everydayHe has a good temper and rarely gets angry at people.
由于工作压力大，他最近脾气变得有些暴躁。
formalDue to high work pressure, his temper has become quite irritable recently.
别跟我发脾气，又不是我的错。
informalDon't take your anger out on me, it's not my fault.
研究表明，环境对儿童脾气的形成有显著影响。
academicStudies show that environment has a significant impact on the formation of a child's temperament.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
脾气暴躁
Short-tempered
没脾气
Easy-going or helpless
大脾气
Big temper
Wird oft verwechselt mit
性格 (personality) is a broader term encompassing all psychological traits, while 脾气 (temper) is specific to emotional reactions.
性子 (disposition/nature) often refers to the pace or style of doing things, like 'slow-tempered' (性子慢).
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
Use '脾气' when discussing someone's emotional state or reaction to frustration. It is neutral in register but often used in subjective assessments. Avoid using it in highly official medical reports; use '性格特征' instead.
Häufige Fehler
Beginners often forget the verb '发' when talking about losing one's temper. Also, do not confuse it with '脾脏' (spleen), which is a biological organ. Ensure the adjective follows the noun in the structure 'Subject + 脾气 + Adjective'.
Tips
Use with adjectives
Always pair '脾气' with adjectives like '好' (good) or '坏' (bad) to describe someone's nature. This is the most natural way to express temperament in Chinese.
Avoid literal translation
Do not translate '脾气' literally as 'spleen air', as it has no biological connection to the organ in modern usage. It is strictly a psychological term.
Cultural nuance of patience
In Chinese culture, having a 'good temper' is highly valued as a sign of maturity and self-control. Being 'short-tempered' is often viewed as a character flaw.
Wortherkunft
The term combines '脾' (spleen) and '气' (air/energy). Historically, ancient Chinese medicine linked emotional states to internal organ health, though today it is strictly a psychological descriptor.
Kultureller Kontext
In China, maintaining a calm demeanor is often associated with social harmony. Therefore, '脾气' is a key metric for evaluating social and professional compatibility.
Merkhilfe
Think of '脾气' as your 'Internal Weather'—if your weather is 'bad', you have a 'bad temper'.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
4 Fragen“发脾气”指一个人因为不满或生气而表现出愤怒的行为，通常伴随着大声说话或摔东西等动作。这是一个动宾结构的常用短语。
你可以说“他脾气很好”或“他是个好脾气的人”。这表示这个人性格温和，不容易生气，即使遇到不顺心的事也能保持冷静。
“性格”涵盖了人的心理特征、处事风格等全方面，范围较广。而“脾气”更侧重于情绪的波动和对愤怒的控制能力。
“没脾气”通常有两种含义：一是形容人性格极好，从不发火；二是形容人面对困难或无奈情况时，感到无能为力、无可奈何。
Teste dich selbst
他今天心情不好，千万别惹他___。
“惹他发脾气”是搭配习惯，意为不要让他生气。
如果一个人从不生气，我们可以说他：
“脾气很好”是形容一个人性格温和、不容易生气的标准表达。
他 / 脾气 / 很 / 大
主语+名词+形容词的结构是描述性格的典型句式。
Ergebnis: /3
Summary
脾气 (píqì) represents a person's characteristic emotional reaction and temperament.
- Refers to a person's temperament or emotional disposition.
- Commonly used to describe if someone gets angry easily.
- Frequently paired with adjectives like good or bad.
Use with adjectives
Always pair '脾气' with adjectives like '好' (good) or '坏' (bad) to describe someone's nature. This is the most natural way to express temperament in Chinese.
Avoid literal translation
Do not translate '脾气' literally as 'spleen air', as it has no biological connection to the organ in modern usage. It is strictly a psychological term.
Cultural nuance of patience
In Chinese culture, having a 'good temper' is highly valued as a sign of maturity and self-control. Being 'short-tempered' is often viewed as a character flaw.
Beispiele
4 von 4他脾气很好，很少对人发火。
He has a good temper and rarely gets angry at people.
由于工作压力大，他最近脾气变得有些暴躁。
Due to high work pressure, his temper has become quite irritable recently.
别跟我发脾气，又不是我的错。
Don't take your anger out on me, it's not my fault.
研究表明，环境对儿童脾气的形成有显著影响。
Studies show that environment has a significant impact on the formation of a child's temperament.
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Verwandtes Vokabular
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佩服
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