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A2 adverb 2 Min. Lesezeit

总共

zǒnggòng

When you want to express a total number or amount in Chinese, you can use the word 总共 (zǒnggòng). It’s like saying “altogether” or “in total” in English. You put 总共 before the number or amount you are talking about.

For example, if you have 3 apples and 2 oranges, you have 总共 5 pieces of fruit. Or, if a bill for dinner is 200 yuan, you would say the bill is 总共 200 yuan. It helps you sum things up easily.

When you're summing things up, use 总共. It means 'altogether' or 'in total'.

Think of it as the grand total at the end of a calculation or when you're counting a group of items or people.

It's often used with numbers to show the final quantity.

This is a practical word to know when talking about quantities of things.

Jetzt üben Beispiele Notizen & Tipps

Alright, let's talk about the word 总共 (zǒnggòng). This is an important one if you want to sound natural when you're talking about numbers and totals in Chinese. It means 'altogether' or 'in total.' You'll hear this word a lot in everyday situations, from shopping to school to even the news.

§ Basic Meaning and Use

DEFINITION: 总共 (zǒnggòng): altogether; in total (adverb)

Think of 总共 as a way to summarize a quantity. It usually comes before the number or the thing being counted. It's really straightforward.

我们总共有五个人。

Translation hint: We have five people in total.

这个项目总共花了多少钱？

Translation hint: How much did this project cost altogether?

§ In Daily Life and Shopping

When you're out shopping or trying to figure out a bill, 总共 is your go-to word for asking about or stating the grand total.

这些东西总共多少钱？

Translation hint: How much do these things cost altogether?

我买了三本书，总共 90块钱。

Translation hint: I bought three books, 90 yuan in total.

§ In Work and School Contexts

In more formal settings like work or school, 总共 helps quantify projects, assignments, or group sizes.

这个学期我们总共要完成五个报告。

Translation hint: This semester, we need to complete five reports in total.

我们团队总共有八名成员。

Translation hint: Our team has eight members altogether.

§ In News and Statistics

You'll frequently encounter 总共 in news reports or when discussing statistics, as it's crucial for presenting aggregated data clearly.

今年，该市总共吸引了超过一百万游客。

Translation hint: This year, the city attracted over one million tourists in total.

地震造成总共十人死亡。

Translation hint: The earthquake caused ten deaths altogether.

§ Key Takeaways for Using 总共

Always put 总共 before the number or the amount you're totaling.
It's versatile and can be used in both casual and formal contexts.
While similar to 一共, 总共 often gives a sense of a complete and final sum.

Mastering 总共 will immediately make your Chinese sound more natural and accurate when discussing quantities. Keep practicing these examples, and you'll get the hang of it quickly!

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"本次会议的总计参与人数达到了历史新高。(The total number of participants in this conference reached a new historical high.)"

Neutral

"我们总共去了三个国家。(We went to three countries in total.)"

Informell

"你一共买了多少东西？(How many things did you buy altogether?)"

Child friendly

"这些糖果合起来有多少颗？(How many candies are there altogether?)"

Umgangssprache

"所有费用加起来多少钱？(How much is it all together?)"

Aussprachehilfe

UK /tsʊŋkɒŋ/

US /tsoʊŋkoʊŋ/

short

Reimt sich auf

song long strong

Häufige Fehler

The 'ong' sound can be tricky. Make sure to round your lips for the 'o' and bring your tongue up for the 'ng' at the back of your throat.

Beispiele nach Niveau

我们总共有五个人。

There are five of us altogether.

这本书总共有三百页。

This book has three hundred pages in total.

他总共花了多少钱？

How much money did he spend altogether?

我今天总共喝了三杯咖啡。

I drank three cups of coffee in total today.

这次旅行总共持续了十天。

This trip lasted ten days altogether.

我们总共讨论了三个问题。

We discussed three problems in total.

她总共赚了一千块钱。

She earned a thousand yuan altogether.

这些礼物总共多少钱？

How much are these gifts in total?

Grammatikmuster

总共 can be placed before the verb or before the numeral and measure word. 总共 emphasizes the grand total or summation. It is often used with numbers and measure words. It can be used to summarize a quantity after a list of items or actions.

Satzmuster

Subj. + 总共 + Verb + Num. + Measure Word + Noun

我们总共买了三本书。 (We bought three books in total.)

Subj. + 总共 + Num. + Measure Word + Noun + Verb

我总共有十个苹果。 (I have ten apples altogether.)

总共 + Num. + Measure Word + Noun + Verb + Object

总共五个学生参加了考试。 (Five students in total participated in the exam.)

Verb + Num. + Measure Word + Noun + 总共 + Verb + Object

他吃了三碗饭，总共吃了五碗。 (He ate three bowls of rice, eating five bowls in total.)

Tipps

Placement is key

Like 'altogether' or 'in total' in English, 总共 usually comes before the number or quantity it refers to. For example, 我们总共有五个人 (Wǒmen zǒnggòng yǒu wǔ gè rén). We altogether have five people. (There are five of us in total).

Use for summing up

Think of 总共 as a way to introduce a total sum or quantity. For instance, 他总共花了多少钱？ (Tā zǒnggòng huāle duōshǎo qián?) How much money did he spend in total?

Can be omitted sometimes

While useful, 总共 isn't always strictly necessary if the context already implies a total. However, using it makes the meaning clearer and more explicit.

Interchangeable with 一共 (yīgòng)

For most everyday uses, 总共 and 一共 (yīgòng, altogether; in total) are interchangeable. They both express the idea of a total quantity. E.g., 我们一共五个人 (Wǒmen yīgòng wǔ gè rén). We altogether five people. (There are five of us in total).

Common with numbers

You'll frequently hear 总共 followed by a number and a measure word. For example, 我总共买了三本书 (Wǒ zǒnggòng mǎile sān běn shū). I altogether bought three books. (I bought three books in total).

Use for time periods

总共 can also refer to a total duration of time. For example, 这次旅行总共用了三天 (Zhè cì lǚxíng zǒnggòng yòngle sān tiān). This trip altogether used three days. (This trip took three days in total).

Think 'sum total'

A good way to remember 总共 is to think of it as meaning 'sum total' or 'grand total'. It emphasizes the complete count or amount.

Practice with counting

Try counting things around you and forming sentences using 总共. For example, 我的房间里总共有四把椅子 (Wǒ de fángjiān lǐ zǒnggòng yǒu sì bǎ yǐzi). My room inside altogether has four chairs. (There are four chairs in total in my room).

Listen for it in dialogue

Pay attention to how native speakers use 总共 in conversations. You'll often hear it when people are summarizing or asking about quantities.

Not for individual items

总共 is used for total quantities or sums, not for referring to individual items within a group. It's about the collective amount.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Shopping and Counting:

我们总共有五件衣服。(Wǒmen zǒnggòng yǒu wǔ jiàn yīfu.) We have five clothes altogether.
这顿饭总共多少钱？(Zhè dùn fàn zǒnggòng duōshǎo qián?) How much is this meal in total?
你总共买了几个苹果？(Nǐ zǒnggòng mǎi le jǐ gè píngguǒ?) How many apples did you buy altogether?

Time and Duration:

我总共学了三年中文。(Wǒ zǒnggòng xué le sān nián Zhōngwén.) I've studied Chinese for three years in total.
他总共迟到了两次。(Tā zǒnggòng chí dào le liǎng cì.) He was late twice altogether.
我们总共花了两个小时才到。(Wǒmen zǒnggòng huā le liǎng gè xiǎoshí cái dào.) It took us two hours altogether to arrive.

People and Groups:

我们班总共有二十个学生。(Wǒmen bān zǒnggòng yǒu èrshí gè xuéshēng.) There are twenty students in our class altogether.
他们总共有四个人来。(Tāmen zǒnggòng yǒu sì gè rén lái.) Four of them came in total.
总共有多少人参加这个活动？(Zǒnggòng yǒu duōshǎo rén cānjiā zhè ge huódòng?) How many people in total participated in this activity?

Distance and Quantity:

我们总共走了五公里。(Wǒmen zǒnggòng zǒu le wǔ gōnglǐ.) We walked five kilometers altogether.
我总共喝了三杯水。(Wǒ zǒnggòng hē le sān bēi shuǐ.) I drank three glasses of water in total.
这个项目总共需要多少材料？(Zhè ge xiàngmù zǒnggòng xūyào duōshǎo cáiliào?) How many materials are needed for this project altogether?

Summary and Conclusion:

总而言之，我们做得很好。(Zǒng'éryánzhī, wǒmen zuò de hěn hǎo.) All in all, we did very well.
总的来说，这次旅行很成功。(Zǒng de lái shuō, zhè cì lǚxíng hěn chénggōng.) Overall, this trip was very successful.
总共的费用是三百元。(Zǒnggòng de fèiyòng shì sānbǎi yuán.) The total cost is three hundred yuan.

Gesprächseinstiege

"你今天总共学了多少个新单词？(Nǐ jīntiān zǒnggòng xué le duōshǎo gè xīn dāncí?) How many new words did you learn today altogether?"

"你觉得你的手机总共用了多长时间了？(Nǐ juéde nǐ de shǒujī zǒnggòng yòng le duō cháng shíjiān le?) How long do you think you've used your phone in total?"

"你们家总共有几口人？(Nǐmen jiā zǒnggòng yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?) How many people are there in your family altogether?"

"你总共去过几个不同的国家？(Nǐ zǒnggòng qù guo jǐ gè bùtóng de guójiā?) How many different countries have you been to in total?"

"你通常每天总共工作几个小时？(Nǐ tōngcháng měi tiān zǒnggòng gōngzuò jǐ gè xiǎoshí?) How many hours do you usually work per day altogether?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

写下你今天总共做了哪些事情。(Xiě xià nǐ jīntiān zǒnggòng zuò le nǎ xiē shìqíng.) Write down everything you did today in total.

回顾你过去一年，你总共达成了哪些目标？(Huígù nǐ guòqù yī nián, nǐ zǒnggòng dá chéng le nǎ xiē mùbiāo?) Looking back at the past year, what goals have you achieved altogether?

如果你要计算你总共花了多少时间在学习中文上，你会怎么算？(Rúguǒ nǐ yào jìsuàn nǐ zǒnggòng huā le duōshǎo shíjiān zài xuéxí Zhōngwén shàng, nǐ huì zěnme suàn?) If you were to calculate how much time you've spent studying Chinese in total, how would you do it?

想象一下你总共去过的最喜欢的地方，它们有什么共同点？(Xiǎngxiàng yīxià nǐ zǒnggòng qù guo de zuì xǐhuan de dìfang, tāmen yǒu shénme gòngtóngdiǎn?) Imagine your favorite places you've been to altogether, what do they have in common?

如果你总共能许三个愿望，你会许什么愿望？(Rúguǒ nǐ zǒnggòng néng xǔ sān gè yuànwàng, nǐ huì xǔ shénme yuànwàng?) If you could make three wishes in total, what would they be?