kündigen en 30 segundos
- Formal termination of contracts, jobs, or subscriptions.
- Requires adherence to notice periods (Kündigungsfrist).
- Used by employees (resign) and employers (terminate).
- Common in customer service, HR, and rental agreements.
The German verb 'kündigen' is a very practical word that you'll encounter frequently in everyday life, especially when dealing with contracts, employment, or subscriptions. At its core, it means to officially end an agreement or relationship. Think of it as the formal way to say 'to cancel', 'to resign', or 'to give notice'.
- Employment Context
- When an employee wants to leave their job, they 'kündigen' their employment contract. This is often referred to as resigning. For example, 'Ich muss meinem Chef kündigen.' (I have to resign from my job to my boss.) This implies a formal process, usually involving a written notice period.
- Contractual Agreements
- 'Kündigen' is also used for ending various types of contracts, such as mobile phone plans, gym memberships, apartment leases, or magazine subscriptions. If you want to stop a service, you 'kündigen' it. For instance, 'Ich möchte meinen Handyvertrag kündigen.' (I want to cancel my mobile phone contract.)
- Notice Period
- A crucial aspect of 'kündigen' is the 'Kündigungsfrist', or notice period. This is the legally or contractually stipulated time between giving notice and the actual termination of the agreement. You cannot simply 'kündigen' something and have it end immediately; there's usually a waiting period. 'Die Kündigungsfrist beträgt drei Monate.' (The notice period is three months.)
Understanding the context is key. While it always signifies an ending, whether it's your job or a service, the implications and procedures can differ. The common thread is the formal act of termination.
She decided to kündigen her job after five years.
You need to kündigen your apartment contract three months in advance.
- Lease Agreements
- Ending a rental agreement for an apartment or house also involves 'kündigen'. Landlords and tenants must adhere to specific notice periods outlined in the lease or by law. Failing to do so can result in complications.
- Subscription Services
- Many subscription-based services, from streaming platforms to newspapers, require you to formally 'kündigen' to stop them from automatically renewing. It's a common word in customer service interactions.
The verb 'kündigen' is inherently formal. It's not something you'd typically use for casual cancellations, like deciding not to go to a party. It implies a binding agreement that is being officially dissolved.
Using 'kündigen' correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure and common sentence patterns. As a verb, it conjugates like most other German verbs, changing its ending based on the subject and tense. The most frequent pattern involves a subject, the verb 'kündigen', and an object representing what is being terminated.
- Basic Structure: Subject + kündigen + Object
- The simplest way to use 'kündigen' is: 'Ich kündige meinen Vertrag.' (I am canceling my contract.) Here, 'Ich' is the subject, 'kündige' is the conjugated verb, and 'meinen Vertrag' is the accusative object being canceled. This structure applies to most common scenarios.
- Adding Timeframes and Reasons
- You can elaborate by adding details about when or why. For example: 'Sie kündigt ihre Stelle fristgerecht zum Monatsende.' (She is giving notice of her position in due time at the end of the month.) 'Fristgerecht' (in due time) and 'zum Monatsende' (at the end of the month) provide important context.
- Using with Modal Verbs
- 'Kündigen' can be combined with modal verbs like 'wollen' (to want), 'müssen' (to have to), or 'können' (to be able to). In these cases, 'kündigen' appears in its infinitive form at the end of the sentence. For example: 'Ich möchte meinen Vertrag bald kündigen.' (I want to cancel my contract soon.)
Let's look at more examples to solidify your understanding:
He decided to kündigen his membership because he moved.
We have to kündigen the lease agreement by the first of next month.
Can you help me kündigen this subscription?
- Past Tense (Perfekt)
- In the past tense (Perfekt), 'kündigen' uses the auxiliary verb 'haben'. The past participle is 'gekündigt'. Example: 'Ich habe meinen alten Handyvertrag gekündigt.' (I have canceled my old mobile phone contract.)
- Passive Voice
- The passive voice is used when the focus is on the act of termination itself, rather than who is doing the terminating. Example: 'Der Vertrag wurde fristgemäß gekündigt.' (The contract was terminated in due time.)
'Kündigen' is a word deeply embedded in the fabric of German administrative and professional life. You'll most commonly hear or read it in contexts related to formal agreements and employment. Understanding these contexts will significantly boost your comprehension and ability to communicate effectively in German-speaking environments.
- Customer Service Calls
- When you call a company to cancel a service – be it your internet provider, a magazine subscription, or a streaming service – the representative will likely use 'kündigen'. They might ask, 'Möchten Sie Ihren Vertrag kündigen?' (Would you like to cancel your contract?). Your response will also involve this verb: 'Ja, ich möchte kündigen.' (Yes, I want to cancel.)
- Human Resources Departments
- In the workplace, 'kündigen' is central to discussions about employment termination. Employees resign by 'kündigen', and employers might issue a 'Kündigung' (termination notice). You might hear HR personnel discussing 'Kündigungsfristen' (notice periods) or the process of 'fristgerecht kündigen' (to terminate within the notice period).
- Rental Agreements
- When discussing moving out of an apartment, the verb 'kündigen' is essential. Both tenants and landlords use it to formally end the lease. A tenant might say, 'Ich muss meine Wohnung kündigen.' (I have to give notice on my apartment.), specifying the notice period required by the lease.
Beyond these core areas, you'll find 'kündigen' in official documents, legal texts, and consumer advice articles. It's a word associated with formal procedures and binding agreements.
The company had to kündigen several employees due to financial difficulties.
Please confirm that you wish to kündigen your subscription.
- Newspaper and Magazine Subscriptions
- If you subscribe to a German newspaper or magazine, you'll use 'kündigen' to stop the delivery. The terms and conditions will specify how and when you can 'kündigen'.
- Gym Memberships and Clubs
- Similar to other services, gym memberships and club affiliations often require a formal 'Kündigung'. You might have to give notice at least a month before the contract renews if you wish to 'kündigen'.
While 'kündigen' is a straightforward verb in its core meaning, learners can sometimes make mistakes regarding its usage, formality, and the specific contexts it applies to. Being aware of these common errors will help you use the word more accurately and confidently.
- Confusing 'kündigen' with Casual Cancellations
- Mistake: Using 'kündigen' for informal cancellations, like deciding not to attend an event or canceling a casual meeting. Correct usage: 'Kündigen' is reserved for formal, contractual, or employment-related terminations. For casual cancellations, you would use verbs like 'absagen' (to cancel an event/appointment) or simply say 'Ich kann nicht kommen.' (I can't come.)
- Ignoring the Notice Period ('Kündigungsfrist')
- Mistake: Assuming 'kündigen' means immediate termination. Correct usage: In most cases, 'kündigen' implies a notice period. Failing to adhere to the 'Kündigungsfrist' can lead to legal or financial consequences. Always check the contract or legal requirements for the specific notice period.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation or Tense
- Mistake: Incorrectly conjugating 'kündigen' in different tenses or with modal verbs. Correct usage: Remember that in the present tense, it conjugates like other verbs (ich kündige, du kündigst, er/sie/es kündigt). In the Perfekt tense, the past participle is 'gekündigt' (e.g., 'Ich habe gekündigt'). With modal verbs, the infinitive 'kündigen' goes to the end of the sentence (e.g., 'Ich will kündigen').
Another common issue is the formality. 'Kündigen' is not a casual verb; it carries a sense of officialdom.
Incorrect: 'Ich kündige das Treffen.' (I cancel the meeting.)
Correct: 'Ich sage das Treffen ab.' (I am canceling the meeting.)
- Using the Wrong Object Case
- Mistake: Using the wrong grammatical case for the object being terminated. Correct usage: The object of 'kündigen' is typically in the accusative case. For example, 'meinen Vertrag' (accusative), 'ihre Stelle' (accusative), 'die Wohnung' (accusative). This is a fundamental aspect of German grammar that applies here.
- Confusing 'kündigen' with 'beenden' or 'aufhören'
- Mistake: Using 'beenden' (to end) or 'aufhören' (to stop) when 'kündigen' is more appropriate for formal terminations. Correct usage: While 'beenden' and 'aufhören' can mean 'to end' or 'to stop', 'kündigen' specifically refers to the formal act of terminating a contract or employment. For example, you 'kündigen' a job, but you might 'beenden' a project or 'aufhören' smoking.
While 'kündigen' is the primary verb for formal termination of contracts and employment, several other German words can convey similar meanings or are related in concept. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for precise communication.
- 'Beenden' (to end, to finish)
- Usage: 'Beenden' is a more general term for ending something. It can apply to projects, relationships, activities, or even a period of time. It does not necessarily imply a formal contractual termination.
Example: 'Wir müssen das Projekt bald beenden.' (We have to finish the project soon.) 'Sie hat die Beziehung beendet.' (She ended the relationship.)
Difference from 'kündigen': 'Kündigen' is specific to formal agreements like jobs or contracts. 'Beenden' is broader and can be used for less formal endings. - 'Aufhören' (to stop, to cease)
- Usage: 'Aufhören' is used to indicate stopping an action or ceasing an activity. It's often used for personal habits or ongoing actions.
Example: 'Ich höre jetzt auf zu rauchen.' (I am stopping smoking now.) 'Die Musik hat aufgehört.' (The music has stopped.)
Difference from 'kündigen': 'Aufhören' refers to stopping an activity or action, not formally terminating a contract or employment. You wouldn't 'aufhören' your job; you would 'kündigen' it. - 'Entlassen' (to dismiss, to fire)
- Usage: This verb is used when an employer terminates an employee's contract, usually for reasons other than the employee's own resignation. It means to fire or dismiss someone.
Example: 'Die Firma musste viele Mitarbeiter entlassen.' (The company had to dismiss many employees.)
Difference from 'kündigen': 'Kündigen' can be used by both the employee (resigning) and the employer (terminating). 'Entlassen' specifically refers to the employer initiating the termination, often implying dismissal. If an employee resigns, they 'kündigen'; if they are fired, they are 'entlassen'.
It's also important to consider the noun forms associated with these verbs.
Noun for 'kündigen': Die Kündigung (the cancellation, the resignation, the notice)
- 'Absagen' (to cancel an appointment/event)
- Usage: This verb is used for canceling appointments, invitations, or events. It's less formal than 'kündigen' and applies to social or less binding arrangements.
Example: 'Ich muss unser Treffen absagen.' (I have to cancel our meeting.) 'Er hat die Einladung abgesagt.' (He canceled the invitation.)
Difference from 'kündigen': 'Absagen' is for social or less formal cancellations, whereas 'kündigen' is for formal contracts and employment. - 'Auflösen' (to dissolve, to terminate an agreement)
- Usage: 'Auflösen' can also mean to dissolve or terminate, often used for organizations, partnerships, or sometimes contracts, especially when the entity itself ceases to exist.
Example: 'Der Verein wurde aufgelöst.' (The club was dissolved.) 'Sie lösten ihren gemeinsamen Vertrag auf.' (They terminated their joint contract.)
Difference from 'kündigen': While similar, 'auflösen' can imply a more complete dissolution of an entity or a mutual agreement to end something, whereas 'kündigen' is often a unilateral act of termination according to set terms.
How Formal Is It?
Dato curioso
The original meaning of 'kündigen' was much broader, relating to the act of 'making something known' or 'announcing' something. Over time, its usage narrowed down to the specific context of formally announcing the end of an agreement or employment. This shift highlights how language evolves based on societal needs and common practices.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing 'ü' as 'oo' or 'ee'.
- Making the 'g' sound soft like 'j'.
- Incorrect stress placement.
Nivel de dificultad
Understanding texts involving 'kündigen' requires familiarity with formal language, legalistic phrasing, and the concept of notice periods. Texts often appear in contracts, official letters, and administrative documents.
Qué aprender después
Requisitos previos
Aprende después
Avanzado
Gramática que debes saber
Conjugation of 'kündigen' in present tense.
Ich kündige, du kündigst, er/sie/es kündigt, wir kündigen, ihr kündigt, sie/Sie kündigen.
Formation of the Perfekt tense with 'haben'.
Ich habe gekündigt. Sie haben gekündigt.
Use of modal verbs with 'kündigen' in infinitive.
Ich will kündigen. Er muss kündigen.
Accusative case for the direct object of 'kündigen'.
Ich kündige meinen Vertrag. (der Vertrag -> meinen Vertrag)
Passive voice construction with 'werden'.
Der Vertrag wird gekündigt. Der Vertrag wurde gekündigt.
Ejemplos por nivel
Ich möchte mein Abo kündigen.
I want to cancel my subscription.
'kündigen' is conjugated for 'ich' (I).
Kann ich den Vertrag kündigen?
Can I cancel the contract?
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'kann' (can).
Er hat seine Arbeit gekündigt.
He has resigned from his job.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Wir müssen die Mitgliedschaft kündigen.
We have to cancel the membership.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'müssen' (have to).
Sie hat den Vertrag gekündigt.
She has canceled the contract.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Mein Handyvertrag ist gekündigt.
My mobile phone contract is canceled.
Used here in the passive voice construction.
Ich will meinen Kurs kündigen.
I want to cancel my course.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'will' (want).
Sie können das Ticket kündigen.
You can cancel the ticket.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'können' (can).
Ich muss meinen Mietvertrag kündigen.
I have to give notice on my rental contract.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'muss' (have to).
Sie hat ihre Stelle gekündigt, weil sie umzieht.
She resigned from her job because she is moving.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Der Verlag hat die Zeitschrift gekündigt.
The publisher has canceled the magazine.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Wir möchten unseren Stromanbieter kündigen.
We would like to cancel our electricity provider.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'möchten' (would like).
Er hat seine Mitgliedschaft im Fitnessstudio gekündigt.
He canceled his gym membership.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Die Kündigungsfrist beträgt drei Monate.
The notice period is three months.
This is a noun phrase related to 'kündigen'.
Sie müssen das Abonnement vor dem 15. kündigen.
You must cancel the subscription before the 15th.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'müssen' (must).
Er überlegt, seinen Arbeitsvertrag zu kündigen.
He is considering giving notice on his employment contract.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Nach langer Überlegung habe ich mich entschieden, meine Stelle zu kündigen.
After long consideration, I have decided to resign from my position.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die Kündigung des Mietvertrages muss schriftlich erfolgen.
The termination of the rental agreement must be done in writing.
This uses the noun 'Kündigung' (termination).
Wir haben unseren Mobilfunkvertrag fristgerecht gekündigt.
We have canceled our mobile phone contract in due time.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'haben gekündigt'.
Der Arbeitgeber hat ihm gekündigt, da das Unternehmen umstrukturiert wird.
The employer terminated his employment because the company is being restructured.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'. Note: 'entlassen' is more common for employer termination.
Sie versucht, ihren Vertrag vorzeitig zu kündigen, was aber nicht immer möglich ist.
She is trying to cancel her contract prematurely, which is not always possible.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Bitte beachten Sie die Kündigungsfristen für Ihr Abonnement.
Please note the notice periods for your subscription.
This uses the noun 'Kündigungsfristen' (notice periods).
Er hat seinen Vertrag gekündigt, um eine bessere Position anzunehmen.
He resigned from his contract to take a better position.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Es ist wichtig, eine Kündigung immer schriftlich einzureichen.
It is important to always submit a termination in writing.
This uses the noun 'Kündigung' (termination).
Mangels einer Alternative sah er sich gezwungen, seinen Arbeitsplatz zu kündigen.
Lacking an alternative, he saw himself forced to resign from his job.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die ordentliche Kündigung des Mietverhältnisses erfordert eine Frist von drei Monaten.
The ordinary termination of the tenancy requires a notice period of three months.
This uses the noun phrase 'ordentliche Kündigung' (ordinary termination).
Nachdem das Unternehmen Insolvenz angemeldet hatte, mussten viele Mitarbeiter kündigen.
After the company had filed for insolvency, many employees had to resign.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'mussten' (had to).
Er hat seinen Vertrag vorzeitig gekündigt, obwohl dies mit zusätzlichen Kosten verbunden war.
He canceled his contract prematurely, although this involved additional costs.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Die fristlose Kündigung eines Arbeitsvertrages ist nur unter bestimmten Umständen zulässig.
Immediate termination of an employment contract is only permissible under certain circumstances.
This uses the noun phrase 'fristlose Kündigung' (immediate termination).
Sie bedauert, dass sie ihren langjährigen Vertrag kündigen muss.
She regrets that she has to cancel her long-standing contract.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'muss' (has to).
Ohne vorherige Ankündigung wurde der Vertrag automatisch verlängert, was zu einer erneuten Kündigung führte.
Without prior notice, the contract was automatically renewed, which led to another termination.
This uses the noun 'Kündigung' (termination).
Die Möglichkeit, den Vertrag zu kündigen, ist in Paragraph 5 der AGBs festgelegt.
The possibility to cancel the contract is stipulated in Paragraph 5 of the T&Cs.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die fortwährende Unzufriedenheit mit den Arbeitsbedingungen veranlasste ihn, seine Anstellung zu kündigen.
The ongoing dissatisfaction with the working conditions prompted him to resign from his employment.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Eine außerordentliche Kündigung des Mietvertrages ist nur aus wichtigem Grund möglich.
Extraordinary termination of the rental agreement is only possible for important reasons.
This uses the noun phrase 'außerordentliche Kündigung' (extraordinary termination).
Obwohl er eine Abfindung angeboten bekam, entschied er sich, seine Position eigeninitiativ zu kündigen.
Although he was offered severance pay, he decided to resign from his position on his own initiative.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die Bank hat die Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kunden fristlos gekündigt, nachdem dieser gegen die Konditionen verstoßen hatte.
The bank terminated its cooperation with the client with immediate effect after the latter had violated the conditions.
Past tense (Perfekt) of 'kündigen' is 'hat gekündigt'.
Die Problematik der Kündigung von unbefristeten Arbeitsverträgen ist komplex und rechtlich umstritten.
The issue of terminating indefinite employment contracts is complex and legally controversial.
This uses the noun phrase 'Kündigung von unbefristeten Arbeitsverträgen' (termination of indefinite employment contracts).
Er musste seinen langjährigen Vertrag kündigen, da die Gebühren exorbitant gestiegen waren.
He had to cancel his long-standing contract because the fees had risen exorbitantly.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after the modal verb 'musste' (had to).
Die Vereinbarung sieht vor, dass beide Parteien das Recht haben, den Vertrag mit einer Frist von sechs Wochen zu kündigen.
The agreement stipulates that both parties have the right to terminate the contract with a notice period of six weeks.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Eine unbegründete Kündigung seitens des Arbeitgebers kann arbeitsrechtliche Konsequenzen nach sich ziehen.
An unfounded termination by the employer can have labor law consequences.
This uses the noun phrase 'unbegründete Kündigung' (unfounded termination).
Die strategische Neuausrichtung des Unternehmens machte es unumgänglich, bestehende Kooperationen zu kündigen.
The company's strategic reorientation made it imperative to terminate existing cooperations.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die Anfechtung einer Kündigung ist an strenge Fristen und Voraussetzungen gebunden.
Challenging a termination is bound by strict deadlines and prerequisites.
This uses the noun phrase 'Anfechtung einer Kündigung' (challenging a termination).
Angesichts der widrigen Umstände sah sich der Geschäftsführer gezwungen, die Verträge mit den Zulieferern zu kündigen.
Given the adverse circumstances, the managing director felt compelled to terminate the contracts with the suppliers.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Die bedingte Kündigung eines Arbeitsverhältnisses bedarf der Einhaltung spezifischer rechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen.
The conditional termination of an employment relationship requires adherence to specific legal frameworks.
This uses the noun phrase 'bedingte Kündigung' (conditional termination).
Er hat trotz des lukrativen Angebots auf eine Kündigung seines bestehenden Vertrages verzichtet.
Despite the lucrative offer, he refrained from terminating his existing contract.
This uses the noun 'Kündigung' (termination).
Die Debatte entbrannte über die ethischen Implikationen, wenn Unternehmen Verträge kündigen, die das Überleben kleinerer Partner gefährden.
The debate ignited over the ethical implications when companies terminate contracts that jeopardize the survival of smaller partners.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'wenn'.
Eine missbräuchliche Kündigung kann zu erheblichen Schadensersatzforderungen führen.
Abusive termination can lead to significant claims for damages.
This uses the noun phrase 'missbräuchliche Kündigung' (abusive termination).
Das Unternehmen sah sich genötigt, die Geschäftsbeziehungen zu kündigen, nachdem die Compliance-Richtlinien wiederholt verletzt wurden.
The company felt compelled to terminate the business relationships after compliance guidelines were repeatedly violated.
'kündigen' is in the infinitive form after 'zu'.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— I want to cancel/resign.
Ich rufe an, weil ich mein Abonnement kündigen möchte.
— Can you help me cancel?
Ich bin mir nicht sicher, wie das geht. Können Sie mir helfen, zu kündigen?
— to give notice within the required period
Um Probleme zu vermeiden, ist es wichtig, fristgerecht zu kündigen.
— My resignation/cancellation has been received.
Bitte bestätigen Sie, dass meine Kündigung eingegangen ist.
— to observe the notice period
Man muss immer die Kündigungsfrist beachten, wenn man etwas beendet.
— to issue a termination/resignation
Der Arbeitgeber sprach die Kündigung aus.
— to withdraw the resignation/cancellation
Nach einer Gehaltserhöhung zog er seine Kündigung zurück.
Se confunde a menudo con
'Beenden' is a general term for ending something, while 'kündigen' is specific to formal terminations of contracts or employment, often requiring notice.
'Aufhören' means to stop an action or activity, not to formally terminate an agreement or contract.
'Absagen' is used for canceling appointments or events, which is less formal than 'kündigen'.
Modismos y expresiones
— To deliver the termination notice to someone (usually by an employer to an employee).
Der Chef musste ihm heute die Kündigung überbringen.
Formal— To resign from one's post or service. A slightly more formal or older expression.
Nach vielen Jahren im Unternehmen quittierte er den Dienst.
Formal/Slightly Archaic— To leave suddenly and discreetly, often implying leaving a job without formal notice or explanation.
Nachdem er die Nachricht gehört hatte, machte er sich schnell aus dem Staub.
Informal— To give up or quit, often used in challenging situations, including jobs.
Nachdem die Probleme zu groß wurden, warf er das Handtuch.
Informal— To die. This is not related to 'kündigen' but shares the concept of 'ending'.
Leider hat er den Löffel abgegeben.
Informal/Euphemism— To give up, to stop trying, to quit. Similar to 'das Handtuch werfen'.
Angesichts des Widerstands musste das Projektteam die Segel streichen.
Informal— To draw a line under something, to put an end to it definitively.
Nach dem Streit zog sie einen Schlussstrich unter die Sache.
General— To leave abruptly, often implying ending an agreement without proper procedure.
Er hat einfach seine Wohnung gekündigt und sich aus dem Staub gemacht.
Informal— To quit one's job, to give up work.
Er hatte genug und warf die Brocken hin.
Informal— To give up, to quit, to abandon something.
Nachdem er so viel versucht hatte, warf er den Bettel hin.
InformalFácil de confundir
Both verbs relate to ending something.
'Kündigen' refers specifically to the formal termination of a contract, job, or subscription, usually with a notice period. 'Beenden' is a more general verb for ending any kind of activity, project, relationship, or period. You 'kündigen' a contract, but you 'beenden' a conversation or a project.
Ich muss meinen Handyvertrag kündigen. (I have to cancel my mobile contract.) vs. Ich muss das Gespräch beenden. (I have to end the conversation.)
Both imply cessation.
'Kündigen' is about formally ending a binding agreement. 'Aufhören' means to stop doing something or for something to stop happening. You would 'aufhören' to smoke or 'aufhören' to work on a task, but you 'kündigen' your employment contract. The former is about stopping an action, the latter about dissolving a formal relationship.
Er hat aufgehört zu arbeiten. (He stopped working.) vs. Er hat seinen Arbeitsvertrag gekündigt. (He resigned from his employment contract.)
Both relate to ending employment.
'Kündigen' can be used by both the employee (to resign) and the employer (to terminate). 'Entlassen' specifically means to dismiss or fire an employee, implying the termination comes from the employer's side, often for cause or due to restructuring. If an employee resigns, they 'kündigen'; if they are fired, they are 'entlassen'.
Der Mitarbeiter kündigte seinen Job. (The employee resigned.) vs. Der Arbeitgeber entließ den Mitarbeiter. (The employer fired the employee.)
Both mean to cancel.
'Kündigen' is for formal, contractual terminations with potential notice periods. 'Absagen' is used for canceling appointments, meetings, invitations, or events. It's much less formal and doesn't involve contractual obligations in the same way.
Ich muss das Treffen absagen. (I have to cancel the meeting.) vs. Ich muss meinen Handyvertrag kündigen. (I have to cancel my mobile phone contract.)
Both relate to ending agreements.
'Terminieren' is a more technical, often legal or business-specific term for formally ending an agreement or contract, similar to 'kündigen' but sometimes used in more specialized contexts or for specific types of agreements. 'Kündigen' is the more common and general term for everyday contracts and employment.
Der Vertrag wird fristgerecht terminiert. (The contract will be terminated in due time.) vs. Ich kündige meinen Vertrag. (I am canceling my contract.)
Patrones de oraciones
Ich kündige [Object - Accusative].
Ich kündige mein Abo.
Ich möchte [Object - Accusative] kündigen.
Ich möchte meinen Vertrag kündigen.
Ich habe [Object - Accusative] gekündigt.
Ich habe die Mitgliedschaft gekündigt.
Ich muss [Object - Accusative] fristgerecht kündigen.
Ich muss meinen Mietvertrag fristgerecht kündigen.
Sie hat [Object - Accusative] gekündigt, weil [Reason].
Sie hat ihre Stelle gekündigt, weil sie umzieht.
Die Kündigung von [Object - Dative] muss schriftlich erfolgen.
Die Kündigung von Arbeitsverträgen muss schriftlich erfolgen.
Wir haben uns entschieden, [Object - Accusative] zu kündigen.
Wir haben uns entschieden, den Handyvertrag zu kündigen.
Angesichts von [Situation], sah er sich gezwungen, [Object - Accusative] zu kündigen.
Angesichts der Umstrukturierung sah er sich gezwungen, seine Position zu kündigen.
Familia de palabras
Sustantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
High
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Using 'kündigen' for casual cancellations.
→
Using 'absagen' for appointments/events.
'Kündigen' is formal and relates to contractual terminations. For informal cancellations like meetings, use 'absagen'.
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Forgetting the notice period ('Kündigungsfrist').
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Always checking and adhering to the specified notice period.
Many agreements require a formal notice period before termination takes effect. Failing to do so can lead to legal issues or automatic renewal.
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Incorrect conjugation or tense usage.
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Accurate conjugation in present, past (Perfekt), and infinitive forms with modal verbs.
Forgetting the past participle 'gekündigt' or misplacing the infinitive 'kündigen' with modal verbs are common errors.
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Confusing 'kündigen' (employee resigns/employer terminates) with 'entlassen' (employer fires).
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Using 'kündigen' for employee resignation and 'entlassen' for employer dismissal.
'Kündigen' is broader; 'entlassen' is specifically when the employer terminates the contract.
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Not providing termination in writing when required.
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Submitting a written notice ('Schriftform') for employment and rental contracts.
Many legal and contractual obligations require written termination to be valid. Verbal notice is often insufficient.
Consejos
Mastering Verb Forms
Remember that 'kündigen' is a regular verb in the present tense (ich kündige, du kündigst) but forms its past participle as 'gekündigt'. When used with modal verbs like 'müssen' or 'wollen', the infinitive 'kündigen' goes to the end of the sentence.
Written vs. Spoken
While you might verbally inform someone of your intention to 'kündigen', formal terminations, especially for employment and rental contracts, usually require written notice. Always ensure your 'Kündigung' is in the correct format.
The Importance of 'Frist'
The concept of 'Kündigungsfrist' (notice period) is very important in German culture. Failing to observe it can lead to complications, so always be aware of the required deadlines when you need to 'kündigen'.
Visual Association
Imagine a king (KÜN) holding a formal document and announcing (making known) the end of a contract. This visual can help link the sound of the word to its meaning of formal termination.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences using 'kündigen' in different tenses and contexts. Try to use it with modal verbs and in the past tense to solidify your understanding.
Distinguish from 'Beenden'
Remember that 'kündigen' is for formal, contractual endings, while 'beenden' is a more general term for ending activities or relationships.
Written Notice is Often Required
For many situations, such as employment or rental agreements, your 'Kündigung' must be in writing ('Schriftform'). This usually means a signed physical letter or sometimes a qualified electronic signature.
Essential Phrases
Learn key phrases like 'Ich möchte kündigen', 'fristgerecht kündigen', and 'die Kündigungsfrist beachten' to communicate effectively when dealing with terminations.
Test Yourself
Regularly try to recall the meaning and usage of 'kündigen' without looking it up. Use flashcards or vocabulary apps to reinforce your learning.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Imagine you have a 'king' (KÜN-di-gen) who is very unhappy with his contract. He loudly announces (makes known) his intention to terminate it. The 'king' makes the 'notice' known.
Asociación visual
Picture a formal document with a large red stamp that says 'Gekündigt!' (Canceled!) with a king's crown on top of the stamp.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to use 'kündigen' in at least three different sentences today, covering employment, a subscription, and a rental agreement. Write them down and say them out loud.
Origen de la palabra
The word 'kündigen' originates from the Middle High German 'kündigen' or 'küngen', which meant 'to make known', 'to announce', or 'to inform'. This evolved from the Old High German 'kundig' meaning 'known' or 'aware'. The core idea was to make something known, and in the context of contracts, it evolved to mean making known the intention to end it.
Significado original: To make known, to announce, to inform.
GermanicContexto cultural
When discussing 'kündigen' related to employment, it's important to be sensitive. If someone has been 'entlassen' (fired), it's a negative situation. If they have 'gekündigt' (resigned), it's their choice, but the process still involves formal steps.
In English, we use 'cancel', 'resign', 'give notice', 'terminate', or 'quit'. 'Kündigen' covers many of these, but with a stronger emphasis on formality and often a required notice period.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Canceling a subscription service (e.g., gym, magazine, streaming)
- Ich möchte mein Abonnement kündigen.
- Wie kann ich die Mitgliedschaft kündigen?
- Gibt es eine Kündigungsfrist?
Resigning from a job
- Ich muss meine Stelle kündigen.
- Ich reiche meine Kündigung ein.
- Meine Kündigungsfrist beträgt drei Monate.
Terminating a rental agreement
- Ich möchte meine Wohnung kündigen.
- Die Kündigung des Mietvertrages muss schriftlich erfolgen.
- Was ist die Kündigungsfrist für den Mietvertrag?
Dealing with mobile phone or internet contracts
- Ich möchte meinen Handyvertrag kündigen.
- Können Sie mir bei der Kündigung helfen?
- Ist der Vertrag kündbar?
Formal business terminations
- Der Vertrag wurde gekündigt.
- Wir müssen die Zusammenarbeit kündigen.
- Die fristlose Kündigung ist nur unter bestimmten Bedingungen möglich.
Inicios de conversación
"Have you ever had to 'kündigen' a contract in Germany?"
"What's the typical 'Kündigungsfrist' for a gym membership in Germany?"
"If you were to resign from your job, how would you 'kündigen' it?"
"Do you know someone who had to 'kündigen' their apartment lease?"
"What are the most common things people 'kündigen' in Germany?"
Temas para diario
Describe a situation where you had to 'kündigen' something important. What were the steps involved?
Imagine you are writing a formal letter to 'kündigen' your current job. What key information would you include?
Reflect on the importance of 'Kündigungsfristen' in Germany. Why are they necessary?
Write a short dialogue between a customer and a service representative where the customer wants to 'kündigen' their subscription.
What challenges might arise when trying to 'kündigen' a contract, and how can they be overcome?
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntas'Kündigen' specifically refers to the formal termination of a contract, job, or subscription, usually requiring a notice period. 'Beenden' is a more general verb meaning 'to end' and can apply to projects, relationships, conversations, or any activity without the formal contractual implications of 'kündigen'.
In most cases, yes. The 'Kündigungsfrist' (notice period) is legally stipulated or defined in the contract. You cannot typically 'kündigen' something and have it end immediately, especially for employment and rental agreements. Always check your specific contract or relevant laws.
While you might inform your boss verbally, in most German-speaking countries, a formal resignation from a job requires written notice ('Schriftform'). This means a signed letter is usually necessary to officially 'kündigen' your position.
'Fristgerecht kündigen' means to terminate an agreement or contract within the legally or contractually required notice period. It ensures that the termination takes effect on the specified date without violating the terms.
'Kündigen' can be used by both the employee (to resign) and the employer (to terminate). 'Entlassen' specifically means to dismiss or fire an employee, indicating that the employer is initiating the termination, often due to reasons like misconduct, performance issues, or company restructuring.
No, 'kündigen' is too formal for cancelling a date or appointment. For those situations, you would use 'absagen' (e.g., 'Ich muss unser Treffen absagen.') or simply state you cannot come.
The noun form is 'die Kündigung'. It means termination, resignation, or notice. For example, 'Er hat seine Kündigung eingereicht.' (He submitted his resignation.)
Sometimes, but it often depends on the contract terms. 'Vorzeitig kündigen' (to cancel early) may be possible, but it might involve penalties or require specific conditions to be met. Otherwise, you must wait for the standard notice period.
If you fail to 'kündigen' within the required 'Kündigungsfrist', your contract or employment may automatically renew, or you might face legal consequences or financial penalties. It's crucial to adhere to the specified deadlines.
No, 'kündigen' is strictly for formal agreements. For ending a friendship, you would use phrases like 'die Freundschaft beenden' (to end the friendship) or describe the situation differently.
Ponte a prueba 10 preguntas
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'kündigen' is essential for formally ending employment, contracts, or subscriptions in German, always implying a formal process and often a notice period.
- Formal termination of contracts, jobs, or subscriptions.
- Requires adherence to notice periods (Kündigungsfrist).
- Used by employees (resign) and employers (terminate).
- Common in customer service, HR, and rental agreements.
Mastering Verb Forms
Remember that 'kündigen' is a regular verb in the present tense (ich kündige, du kündigst) but forms its past participle as 'gekündigt'. When used with modal verbs like 'müssen' or 'wollen', the infinitive 'kündigen' goes to the end of the sentence.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when you hear or read 'kündigen'. Is it about employment, a rental agreement, a subscription, or something else? This will help you understand the specific implications.
Written vs. Spoken
While you might verbally inform someone of your intention to 'kündigen', formal terminations, especially for employment and rental contracts, usually require written notice. Always ensure your 'Kündigung' is in the correct format.
The Importance of 'Frist'
The concept of 'Kündigungsfrist' (notice period) is very important in German culture. Failing to observe it can lead to complications, so always be aware of the required deadlines when you need to 'kündigen'.
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