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B1 adverb 11 min de lectura

はっきりと

hakkiri to
Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos はっきりと en 30 segundos
Explicación はっきりと in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'hakkiri to' as a way to say 'clearly' when you are talking about basic actions. For example, if you are learning to speak Japanese, your teacher might ask you to speak 'hakkiri to' so they can understand your pronunciation. It is mostly used with simple verbs like 'speak' (hanasu) or 'see' (mieru). Imagine looking at a big picture; if you can see everything in it without any trouble, you see it 'hakkiri to'. It's a very useful word for beginners because it helps you ask people to repeat things or speak more clearly. You don't need to worry about the deep meanings yet; just use it when you want to say something is 'easy to see' or 'easy to hear'. It's like turning up the brightness on a screen—everything becomes 'hakkiri'.
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At the A2 level, you start to use 'hakkiri to' in more variety. You can use it to describe the weather, like saying the sky is 'hakkiri' (clear) or the stars are 'hakkiri' visible. You also begin to use it with 'wakaru' (understand). If a friend explains a plan to meet at the station and you understand it perfectly, you can say 'Hakkiri wakarimashita'. This shows you have no confusion. You might also see it in simple signs or instructions, telling you to write your name 'hakkiri' (clearly). At this stage, you should start noticing the difference between 'hakkiri' (the adverb) and 'hakkiri shiteiru' (the state of being clear). It's a great word for making sure your daily communication is successful and that you are not leaving people guessing about what you mean.
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At the B1 level, 'hakkiri to' moves into the world of opinions and decisions. This is where you use it to show that you are certain about something. For example, if you are asked if you like a certain food, and you really don't, you might 'hakkiri to kotowaru' (clearly refuse). It's an important word for expressing your identity and boundaries. You also use it to describe memories that are still strong in your mind. If you remember your first trip to Japan, you might say those memories are 'hakkiri to nokotte iru' (clearly remaining). You are now expected to use 'hakkiri to' to differentiate between being vague and being direct. This is a key skill for intermediate learners as they navigate more complex social situations where they need to be understood without any ambiguity.
At the B2 level, 'hakkiri to' is used in professional and semi-formal contexts. You use it to describe trends, data, and logical conclusions. For instance, you might say 'The difference between the two products is hakkiri to arawarete iru' (clearly appearing). You also use it to discuss social issues, stating your stance 'hakkiri to' in a debate. At this level, you should be aware of the nuance 'to' adds—it often emphasizes the result or the specific manner of the action. You'll also start comparing 'hakkiri to' with more formal terms like 'meikaku ni' or 'senmei ni'. You use 'hakkiri to' when you want to sound natural but firm. It's about having the confidence to speak and act with precision in a variety of settings, from business meetings to social gatherings.
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At the C1 level, you explore the subtle psychological and literary uses of 'hakkiri to'. It can describe the moment of 'insight' or 'epiphany' where a complex problem suddenly becomes clear. You might encounter it in literature to describe the sharp, almost painful clarity of a character's realization. It is also used to describe abstract concepts like 'the line between life and death' or 'the distinction between right and wrong' being 'hakkiri to' drawn. At this level, your usage should be impeccable, knowing exactly when 'hakkiri to' is better than 'kukkiri' (for visual contrast) or 'senmei' (for vividness). You use it to add weight to your arguments, showing that your logic is not just sound, but 'hakkiri'—unassailable and perfectly transparent to the listener.
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At the C2 level, 'hakkiri to' is used with masterful precision in high-level discourse. You might use it to critique a philosophical argument, noting that the premises are not 'hakkiri to' defined. In creative writing, you use it to manipulate the reader's perception, perhaps by having a character see something 'hakkiri to' that turns out to be an illusion, playing with the word's inherent sense of 'truth'. You understand its historical roots in onomatopoeia and how that grounded, physical origin still colors its use in the most abstract academic contexts. You can use it to navigate the most delicate social situations, knowing exactly how much 'hakkiri' is needed to be effective without being abrasive. Your command of the word reflects a deep understanding of the balance between clarity and the traditional Japanese value of 'ma' (space/ambiguity).
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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

はっきりと en 30 segundos

  • Hakkiri to means 'clearly' or 'distinctly' in Japanese.
  • It is used for sight, sound, and making decisions.
  • It comes from onomatopoeia and implies a lack of blurriness.
  • Commonly paired with verbs like 'see', 'hear', 'say', and 'understand'.
The Japanese adverb はっきりと (hakkiri to) is a cornerstone of Japanese communication, fundamentally describing the state of being clear, distinct, or unmistakable. Derived from the onomatopoeic root 'hakkiri', which evokes a sense of sharpness and lack of ambiguity, it is used across a vast spectrum of situations ranging from physical perception to abstract cognitive processes. When you use this word, you are emphasizing that there is no blurriness, no confusion, and no doubt about what is being perceived or expressed.
Visual Clarity
This refers to seeing objects or landscapes with high definition. For instance, after rain, the mountains might appear 'hakkiri to' against the sky. It implies a lack of fog, haze, or visual obstruction.
Auditory Clarity
Used when a sound or voice is heard without interference. If a teacher speaks 'hakkiri to', every syllable is articulated, making it easy for students to follow along without straining.

富士山がはっきりと見えます。 (Mount Fuji can be seen clearly.)

Beyond the physical, it extends to the psychological and social realms. In decision-making, it describes a state where one's intentions or thoughts are well-defined. If you 'hakkiri to' decide on a path, it means you have no lingering hesitation. In social interactions, it relates to honesty and directness. While Japanese culture often values 'aimai' (ambiguity) to maintain social harmony, there are critical moments—such as business negotiations, legal testimony, or expressing personal boundaries—where 'hakkiri to' saying what you mean is essential. It is the antithesis of 'boyakeru' (to be blurred) or 'magirawashii' (to be confusingly similar). The addition of the particle 'to' serves to adverbialize the onomatopoeic 'hakkiri', often giving it a slightly more formal or deliberate nuance than using 'hakkiri' on its own. It suggests a completed state or a specific manner of action. For learners, mastering this word is key to moving beyond basic descriptions and into nuanced expressions of certainty and perception. Whether you are describing the sharp lines of a drawing, the clear tone of a bell, or the unambiguous terms of a contract, 'hakkiri to' provides the linguistic precision needed to convey that something is perfectly evident to the senses or the mind.

自分の意見をはっきりと述べる。 (To state one's opinion clearly.)

Distinction from Similar Terms
While 'kukkiri' also means clearly, it is almost exclusively visual, focusing on contrast. 'Hakkiri to' is broader, covering sound, thought, and speech. 'Meikaku ni' is more formal and academic, often used in writing to mean 'precisely defined'.

昨日の記憶がはっきりと残っている。 (The memory of yesterday remains clearly.)

違いがはっきりとわかる。 (The difference is clearly understandable.)

返事をはっきりとさせる。 (To make the answer clear.)

Using はっきりと correctly involves understanding its role as an adverb that modifies verbs of perception, expression, and cognition. Because it is a 'to-adverb' (derived from onomatopoeia), it provides a descriptive layer to the action, indicating the quality of the result. In sentence construction, it usually precedes the verb it modifies.
Verbs of Perception
When paired with 'mieru' (to be visible) or 'kikoeru' (to be audible), it describes the lack of interference. For example, 'Koe ga hakkiri to kikoeru' means the voice is heard without static or mumbling. It is often used with 'wakaru' (to understand) to indicate that a concept or a difference is grasped without confusion.
Verbs of Expression
When paired with 'iu' (say), 'noberu' (state), or 'tsutaeru' (convey), it emphasizes directness and clarity of speech. In a classroom, a teacher might say, 'Hakkiri to hanashite kudasai' (Please speak clearly). In a professional setting, it is used when one needs to take a clear stance: 'Sansei ka hantai ka hakkiri to iu' (To say clearly whether one agrees or disagrees).

眼鏡をかけると、文字がはっきりと見えた。 (When I put on my glasses, the letters became clearly visible.)

In more advanced contexts, 'hakkiri to' is used with verbs of change like 'arawareru' (to appear) or 'shimesu' (to show/indicate). For instance, 'Kekka ga hakkiri to arawareta' (The results appeared clearly) suggests a definitive outcome of an experiment or a policy. It can also modify emotional states or memories: 'Omoide ga hakkiri to yomigaeru' (Memories came back clearly). This usage highlights the vividness and lack of degradation in the mental image. Another common pattern is 'hakkiri to saseru' (to make clear). This is used when someone needs to resolve an ambiguous situation. 'Yotei o hakkiri to saseru' (To finalize/clarify the schedule) is a common phrase in planning.
Common Sentence Patterns
1. [Subject] ga hakkiri to [Verb-potential]. (Something can be seen/heard clearly.) 2. [Person] ni hakkiri to [Verb-expression]. (Tell someone clearly.) 3. [Concept] ga hakkiri to [Verb-intransitive]. (Something becomes clear.)

彼ははっきりとした口調で話し始めた。 (He began to speak in a clear tone.)

二人の意見の差がはっきりとした。 (The difference in the two people's opinions became clear.)

自分の将来の目標をはっきりと描く。 (To clearly envision one's future goals.)

Finally, consider the social weight of 'hakkiri to kotowaru' (to refuse clearly). In a culture where 'no' is often implied or softened, using 'hakkiri to' indicates a firm, unambiguous rejection that leaves no room for negotiation. This demonstrates how the word is not just about physical clarity, but about the strength and certainty of one's communicative intent. Understanding these patterns allows learners to navigate both the physical world and the complex social landscapes of Japan with greater confidence.

その招待をはっきりと断った。 (I clearly refused that invitation.)

You will encounter はっきりと in a multitude of everyday and professional contexts in Japan. One of the most common places is in the media, specifically weather forecasts. Meteorologists often use it to describe visibility or the onset of seasons. For example, 'Kyou wa fuji-san ga hakkiri to miemasu' (Mount Fuji is clearly visible today) or 'Kisetsu no kawarime ga hakkiri to shiteimasu' (The change of seasons is distinct). This usage emphasizes the observable, objective reality of the environment.
In the Classroom
Teachers frequently use this word to guide students. You might hear 'Hakkiri to kotaete kudasai' (Please answer clearly) or 'Moji o hakkiri to kakimashou' (Let's write the characters clearly). Here, it serves as a standard for communication and presentation, urging students to avoid mumbling or messy handwriting.
In Business and Professional Settings
Clarity is highly valued in Japanese corporate culture, despite the stereotype of indirectness. In meetings, a facilitator might say 'Mokuhyou o hakkiri to saseru hitsuyou ga arimasu' (We need to make our goals clear). When discussing contracts or agreements, 'Jouken o hakkiri to kimeru' (To clearly decide the conditions) ensures that all parties have a shared understanding, preventing future disputes.

アナウンサーがはっきりとニュースを読み上げる。 (The announcer reads the news clearly.)

In daily social life, you'll hear it when people are sharing opinions or making plans. If a friend is being vague about where they want to eat, you might playfully say 'Hakkiri shite!' (Be clear! / Make up your mind!). In healthcare, a doctor might ask 'Itami wa hakkiri to arimasu ka?' (Is the pain distinct/clear?) to diagnose the severity of an ailment. In technology, users might comment on a new screen's resolution by saying 'Gazou ga hakkiri to mieru' (The image looks clearly/sharp).

このテレビは色がはっきりとしている。 (The colors on this TV are distinct.)

In Literature and Anime
Characters often use 'hakkiri to' during climactic moments. A hero might say 'Hakkiri to wakatta, omae no nerai ga!' (I've understood clearly—your aim!). It adds a sense of realization and resolution to the dialogue. In novels, it describes the vividness of a scene or the sharpness of a character's memory.

彼は自分の気持ちをはっきりと自覚した。 (He became clearly aware of his own feelings.)

会議の内容をはっきりとメモする。 (To take clear notes of the meeting content.)

星がはっきりとまたたいている。 (The stars are twinkling clearly.)

While はっきりと is a versatile word, English speakers often make several common errors when integrating it into Japanese. The most frequent mistake is confusing it with words for 'clean' or 'beautiful'. Because 'clearly' in English can sometimes overlap with 'cleanly' in specific contexts, learners might try to use 'hakkiri to' to describe a clean room. However, 'hakkiri to' refers to clarity of perception, not the absence of dirt. For a clean room, you must use 'kirei ni'.
Confusion with 'Shikkari'
Another common pitfall is the confusion between 'hakkiri' and 'shikkari'. While both are onomatopoeic adverbs, 'shikkari' means 'firmly', 'reliably', or 'properly'. If you want to say 'Please study hard/properly', you say 'shikkari benkyou shite'. If you say 'hakkiri benkyou shite', it sounds like you are asking them to study in a way that is 'clear to see', which makes little sense in Japanese.
Over-directness
Using 'hakkiri to' in social situations where 'aimai' (ambiguity) is expected can be a pragmatic mistake. For example, if someone asks for your opinion on a gift you don't like, saying 'Hakkiri to iimasu ga, kirai desu' (I'll say it clearly: I hate it) is grammatically correct but socially disastrous. In such cases, Japanese speakers would use more cushioned language unless they intentionally want to be blunt.

× 部屋をはっきりと掃除する。 (Incorrect: To clean the room 'clearly'.)

Learners also struggle with when to include the particle 'to'. While 'hakkiri' can stand alone as an adverb, 'hakkiri to' is often more emphatic or formal. Using 'hakkiri' in a very formal speech might sound slightly too casual, while using 'hakkiri to' in a very quick, casual command might sound a bit stiff. Furthermore, don't confuse 'hakkiri to' with 'meikaku ni'. 'Meikaku ni' is for logical, defined clarity (like a definition), whereas 'hakkiri to' is more about the sensory or mental 'sharpness' of the experience. Finally, be careful not to use it when you mean 'exactly' in terms of numbers. For 'exactly 3 o'clock', use 'choudo', not 'hakkiri'.

× はっきりと3時です。 (Incorrect: It is 'clearly' 3 o'clock.)

○ ちょうど3時です。 (Correct: It is exactly 3 o'clock.)

Misuse with Adjectives
'Hakkiri' is an adverb, so it modifies verbs. If you want to use it as an adjective, you must use 'hakkiri to shita' or 'hakkiri shita'. Saying 'hakkiri na riyuu' is a common mistake; the correct form is 'hakkiri shita riyuu' (a clear reason).

× はっきりとなし。 (Incorrect: Use 'hakkiri shinai' for 'not clear'.)

To truly master はっきりと, you should understand how it compares to its synonyms. Japanese has a rich vocabulary for 'clarity', each with a specific nuance.
くっきりと (Kukkiri to)
This is very similar but focus almost entirely on visual contrast. You use 'kukkiri' when something stands out against a background, like a black ink stroke on white paper. While 'hakkiri' can be used for sound and thought, 'kukkiri' is almost always visual.
明確に (Meikaku ni)
This is a more formal, Chinese-origin (kango) word. It means 'precisely' or 'explicitly'. It is used in academic writing, legal documents, and formal business reports. Use this when you are defining terms or stating a policy: 'Mokuteki o meikaku ni suru' (To define the objective clearly).

青空に白い雲がくっきりと浮かんでいる。 (White clouds are floating distinctly against the blue sky.)

鮮明に (Senmei ni)
This word means 'vividly'. It is often used for memories, dreams, or high-definition images. If a memory comes back so strongly it feels like you're there, 'senmei ni omoidasu' is more appropriate than 'hakkiri to'.
定かに (Sadaka ni)
This is a more literary or archaic-sounding word. It is often used in the negative: 'Sadaka de wa nai' (It is not certain/clear). It carries a nuance of 'surety' rather than just visual clarity.

その時の情景を鮮明に覚えている。 (I remember the scene of that time vividly.)

真相は定かではない。 (The truth is not certain.)

Another alternative is 'arawa ni', which means 'openly' or 'barely'. It is used when something hidden is suddenly revealed, like 'ikari o arawa ni suru' (to show one's anger openly). While 'hakkiri' means the anger is easy to see, 'arawa ni' emphasizes that it is no longer being concealed. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize contrast (kukkiri), vividness (senmei), formality (meikaku), or lack of concealment (arawa). By understanding these distinctions, your Japanese will sound much more natural and precise.

不満をあらわにする。 (To make one's dissatisfaction obvious.)

事実をはっきりと突き止める。 (To clearly ascertain the facts.)

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

Many Japanese adverbs ending in '-ri' (like 'yukkuri', 'sukkiri', 'hakkiri') come from onomatopoeic origins and describe states or manners.

Guía de pronunciación

UK hak.ki.ɾi.to
US hak.ki.ɾi.to
Japanese is a pitch-accent language. In 'hakkiri', the pitch usually starts low and rises on 'kki'.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 2/5

Written in Hiragana usually, so it's very easy to read.

Escritura 2/5

Easy to write in Hiragana; rarely uses Kanji (明確).

Expresión oral 3/5

Requires correct pitch accent and understanding of social nuance.

Escucha 2/5

The distinct 'kk' sound makes it easy to recognize.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

見える 聞こえる 言う わかる 明るい

Aprende después

明確な 鮮明な くっきりと 詳細に 具体的に

Avanzado

露呈する 顕在化する 浮き彫りにする 如実に

Gramática que debes saber

Adverbialization with 'to'

Onomatopoeic words like 'hakkiri' often take 'to' to function as formal adverbs.

Potential Form + Hakkiri

Used to describe the ability to perceive clearly (e.g., kikoeru, mieru).

Negative 'Hakkiri shinai'

Used to describe vague or unsettled states.

Causative 'Hakkiri saseru'

Used when the subject makes an effort to clarify something.

Adjectival 'Hakkiri shita'

Used as a pre-nominal modifier for nouns.

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Ejemplos por nivel

1

はっきりと話してください。

Please speak clearly.

Verb 'hanasu' (speak) is modified by 'hakkiri to'.

2

山がはっきりと見えます。

I can see the mountain clearly.

Uses the potential form 'mieru' (can see).

3

なまえをはっきりと書いてください。

Please write your name clearly.

Request form 'kaite kudasai'.

4

はい、はっきりとわかりました。

Yes, I understood clearly.

Adverb modifying 'wakaru' (understand).

5

はっきりと聞こえません。

I can't hear clearly.

Negative potential form 'kikoenai'.

6

色がはっきりと違います。

The colors are clearly different.

Modifying the verb 'chigau' (to differ).

7

はっきりと「いいえ」と言いました。

I said 'no' clearly.

Quotation using 'to'.

8

あそこにはっきりと見えます。

I see it clearly over there.

Indicating location with 'asoko ni'.

1

今日は星がはっきりと見えますね。

The stars are clearly visible today, aren't they?

Adding 'ne' for confirmation.

2

道がはっきりとわからなくて、迷いました。

I didn't know the way clearly, so I got lost.

Negative past form 'wakaranakatta'.

3

先生の説明ははっきりとわかりやすいです。

The teacher's explanation is clear and easy to understand.

Compound adjective 'wakari-yasui'.

4

自分の意見をはっきりと伝えてください。

Please convey your opinion clearly.

Verb 'tsutaeru' (convey/tell).

5

答えをはっきりとさせてください。

Please make the answer clear.

Causative-like construction 'hakkiri to saseru'.

6

二人の顔がはっきりと写っている写真です。

It's a photo where both their faces are clearly captured.

Verb 'utsuiru' (to be photographed).

7

はっきりと聞こえるように、大きな声で話します。

I will speak in a loud voice so that I can be heard clearly.

Using 'youni' to express purpose.

8

冬になると、空気がはっきりと澄んできます。

In winter, the air becomes clearly clear/crisp.

Verb 'sumu' (to become clear/pure).

1

彼は自分の将来の夢をはっきりと持っている。

He has a clear dream for his future.

Modifying the state of 'motte iru' (having).

2

どちらのプランがいいか、はっきりと決めてください。

Please decide clearly which plan is better.

Imperative request 'kimete kudasai'.

3

子供の頃の記憶が、今でもはっきりと残っています。

Memories of my childhood still remain clearly today.

Adverb modifying 'nokotte iru'.

4

会議で、彼は反対の立場をはっきりと示した。

In the meeting, he clearly showed his opposing stance.

Verb 'shimesu' (to show/indicate).

5

この二つの言葉の違いをはっきりと説明できますか？

Can you clearly explain the difference between these two words?

Potential verb 'setsumei dekiru'.

6

はっきりと断るのは勇気がいりますが、大切です。

Refusing clearly takes courage, but it's important.

Gerund-like 'koto wa... [noun]' implied by 'no'.

7

メガネを新しくしたら、文字がはっきりと見えるようになった。

After getting new glasses, I became able to see letters clearly.

Using 'naru' to show a change in state.

8

彼が何を言いたいのか、はっきりとわかった。

I understood clearly what he wanted to say.

Indirect question 'nani o iitai no ka'.

1

新製品のメリットをはっきりとアピールする。

To clearly emphasize/promote the merits of the new product.

Verb 'apiiru' (to appeal/promote).

2

調査の結果、原因がはっきりと特定された。

As a result of the investigation, the cause was clearly identified.

Passive voice 'tokutei sareta'.

3

公私の区別をはっきりとつけるべきだ。

One should clearly distinguish between public and private life.

Phrase 'kubetsu o tsukeru' (to distinguish).

4

彼女の顔には、驚きの色がはっきりと浮かんだ。

A look of surprise clearly appeared on her face.

Metaphorical 'iro ga ukabu' (a look appeared).

5

この契約書には、責任の所在がはっきりと記されている。

The location of responsibility is clearly recorded in this contract.

Verb 'shirusu' (to write/record).

6

経済の回復がはっきりと数字に表れている。

The economic recovery is clearly showing in the numbers.

Verb 'arawareru' (to appear/be shown).

7

自分の非をはっきりと認めることが、解決への第一歩だ。

Admitting one's fault clearly is the first step toward a solution.

Verb 'mitomeru' (to admit/recognize).

8

彼はその事件の目撃者として、はっきりと証言した。

He testified clearly as a witness to the incident.

Verb 'shougen suru' (to testify).

1

伝統と革新の境界線がはっきりと引かれている。

The boundary line between tradition and innovation is clearly drawn.

Abstract usage of 'kyoukaisen' (boundary).

2

その政策の問題点をはっきりと浮き彫りにした。

It clearly highlighted the problems of that policy.

Idiom 'ukibori ni suru' (to highlight/bring into relief).

3

彼の沈黙は、拒絶の意思をはっきりと物語っていた。

His silence clearly told of his intention to refuse.

Verb 'monogatatte ita' (was telling/suggesting).

4

科学的な根拠をはっきりと提示する必要がある。

It is necessary to clearly present scientific evidence.

Verb 'teiji suru' (to present/propose).

5

その小説のテーマは、終盤ではっきりと立ち現れてくる。

The theme of the novel clearly emerges toward the end.

Compound verb 'tachi-arawareru' (to emerge).

6

彼女の言葉には、はっきりとした殺意が込められていた。

Her words were filled with a clear intent to kill.

Adjectival use 'hakkiri to shita'.

7

二つの文化の差異が、食生活にはっきりと投影されている。

The differences between the two cultures are clearly projected in their eating habits.

Verb 'touei sareru' (to be projected).

8

彼は自分のアイデンティティをはっきりと確立した。

He clearly established his own identity.

Verb 'kakuritsu suru' (to establish).

1

その哲学的命題は、論理の不備をはっきりと露呈させている。

That philosophical proposition clearly exposes the flaws in the logic.

Verb 'rosei saseru' (to expose).

2

歴史の潮流が、この瞬間にはっきりと転換したのだ。

The tide of history clearly turned at this very moment.

Noun 'chouryuu' (tide/trend).

3

作家は、人間の深淵に潜む孤独をはっきりと描き出した。

The author clearly depicted the loneliness lurking in the human abyss.

Verb 'egaki-dasu' (to depict/draw out).

4

社会の歪みが、弱者の困窮という形ではっきりと顕在化した。

The distortions of society have clearly manifested in the form of the distress of the vulnerable.

Verb 'kenzai-ka suru' (to manifest/become actualized).

5

その詩篇は、失われた時への憧憬をはっきりと刻印している。

The psalm clearly engraves a longing for lost time.

Verb 'kokuin suru' (to engrave/stamp).

6

生命の神秘が、DNAの二重螺旋という形ではっきりと解明された。

The mystery of life was clearly elucidated in the form of the DNA double helix.

Verb 'kaimei sareta' (was elucidated).

7

彼の政治的手腕は、この危機においてこそはっきりと真価を発揮した。

His political prowess clearly showed its true value precisely in this crisis.

Phrase 'shinka o hakki suru' (to show true worth).

8

言語の壁が、相互理解の不可能性をはっきりと突きつけてくる。

The language barrier clearly thrusts the impossibility of mutual understanding upon us.

Verb 'tsuki-tukete kuru' (to thrust/confront).

Colocaciones comunes

はっきりと見える
はっきりと聞こえる
はっきりとわかる
はっきりと断る
はっきりと覚えている
はっきりと示す
はっきりと述べる
はっきりとさせる
はっきりと区別する
はっきりと現れる

Frases Comunes

はっきり言って

— To be honest / To speak frankly. Used to introduce a blunt opinion.

はっきり言って、その服は似合わないよ。

白黒はっきりさせる

— To make it clear who is right and who is wrong. To settle a matter once and for all.

どっちが正しいか白黒はっきりさせよう。

はっきりしない天気

— Unsettled weather. Neither fully sunny nor fully rainy.

今日ははっきりしない天気だね。

はっきりしない態度

— A non-committal or vague attitude. Indecisiveness.

彼のはっきりしない態度にイライラする。

はっきりした理由

— A clear or definite reason.

彼が来なかったはっきりした理由はわからない。

はっきり自覚する

— To become clearly aware of something about oneself.

自分の力不足をはっきり自覚した。

はっきりとした口調

— A clear and distinct tone of voice.

彼女ははっきりとした口調で挨拶した。

はっきりと映る

— To be reflected or projected clearly.

鏡に自分の姿がはっきりと映っている。

はっきりと決める

— To decide something definitively.

進路をはっきりと決める。

はっきりと書き留める

— To write something down clearly/explicitly.

大事なことをはっきりと書き留めておく。

Se confunde a menudo con

はっきりと vs しっかり

Means 'firmly' or 'properly', not 'clearly'. Don't say 'shikkari mieru' for 'see clearly'.

はっきりと vs きれいに

Means 'cleanly' or 'beautifully'. Don't use 'hakkiri' to describe a clean room.

はっきりと vs ちょうど

Means 'exactly' for time/numbers. Don't use 'hakkiri' to mean 'exactly 5 o'clock'.

Modismos y expresiones

"白黒をはっきりさせる"

— To clarify whether something is right or wrong, or to decide a winner and loser.

この勝負で白黒をはっきりさせようじゃないか。

Common
"形にはっきりと現れる"

— To manifest in a visible or tangible form.

彼の努力が結果としてはっきりと現れた。

Neutral
"はっきり言って..."

— Frankly speaking... / To be blunt...

はっきり言って、君の計画は無理がある。

Informal
"目に映るものがはっきりと..."

— Used to describe a moment of stark realization or vivid perception.

真実を知ったとき、目に映る景色がはっきりと変わった。

Literary
"はっきりしない返事"

— A vague or non-committal answer.

彼女からははっきりしない返事しか返ってこなかった。

Common
"はっきりとした証拠"

— Clear and indisputable evidence.

彼を犯人とするはっきりとした証拠はない。

Formal
"はっきり自覚を促す"

— To urge someone to realize something clearly.

部下に責任をはっきり自覚を促す。

Professional
"はっきりと線を引く"

— To draw a clear line (figuratively); to distinguish strictly.

仕事とプライベートにははっきりと線を引いている。

Neutral
"はっきりと跡が残る"

— To leave a clear mark or trace.

壁にぶつけたはっきりと跡が残っている。

Common
"はっきりと物を言う"

— To speak one's mind clearly and directly.

彼女は誰に対してもはっきりと物を言うタイプだ。

Neutral

Fácil de confundir

はっきりと vs くっきりと

Both mean 'clearly'.

Kukkiri is almost exclusively for visual contrast (black on white). Hakkiri is more versatile (sound, thought, speech).

空に月がくっきりと浮かんでいる。

はっきりと vs 明確に

Synonyms for 'clearly'.

Meikaku ni is formal and logical. Hakkiri to is more sensory and everyday.

契約の条件を明確にする。

はっきりと vs 鮮明に

Both describe high clarity.

Senmei ni implies vividness and intensity, like a memory or a high-res photo. Hakkiri is about being distinct.

夢の内容を鮮明に覚えている。

はっきりと vs 判然と

Both mean 'distinctly'.

Hanzen to is formal and often used in negative sentences to mean something is hard to distinguish.

証拠が判然としない。

はっきりと vs 明らかに

Both translate to 'clearly'.

Akiraka ni means 'obviously' or 'evidently' as a matter of fact. Hakkiri to describes the manner of perception.

彼が嘘をついているのは明らかだ。

Patrones de oraciones

A1

はっきりと + [Perception Verb]

はっきりと見えます。

A2

はっきりと + [Communication Verb]

はっきりと話してください。

B1

はっきりと + [Cognition Verb]

はっきりと覚えています。

B2

はっきりと + [Change/Result Verb]

違いがはっきりと現れた。

C1

はっきりと + [Abstract Verb]

矛盾をはっきりと露呈する。

C2

はっきりと + [Literary/Formal Verb]

真理をはっきりと描き出す。

B1

はっきりとした + [Noun]

はっきりとした理由があります。

A2

はっきり + [Suru Verb]

白黒はっきりさせよう。

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

はっきり (Hakkiri - Clarity/Distinctness)

Verbos

はっきりする (Hakkiri suru - To become clear)
はっきりさせる (Hakkiri saseru - To make clear)

Adjetivos

はっきりした (Hakkiri shita - Clear/Distinct)

Relacionado

鮮明 (Senmei)
明確 (Meikaku)
判然 (Hanzen)
明瞭 (Meiryou)
自覚 (Jikaku)
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Cómo usarlo

frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Japanese.

Errores comunes
  • Using 'hakkiri' for 'clean'. → Kirei ni.

    Hakkiri refers to visual/auditory clarity, not hygiene or orderliness.

  • Saying 'hakkiri na riyuu'. → Hakkiri shita riyuu.

    Hakkiri is not a na-adjective. It must use 'shita' to modify a noun.

  • Using 'hakkiri' for 'exactly 5:00'. → Choudo 5-ji.

    Hakkiri means 'distinct', while 'choudo' means 'exactly' for numbers/time.

  • Confusing 'hakkiri' with 'shikkari'. → Shikkari benkyou suru.

    Shikkari means 'properly/hard', while 'hakkiri' means 'clearly'.

  • Using 'hakkiri' too bluntly in social settings. → Cushioned language (e.g., moushiwake nai desu ga...).

    Being too 'hakkiri' with negative opinions can be seen as rude in Japan.

Consejos

Use it for articulation

If people can't understand your Japanese, ask yourself: 'Am I speaking hakkiri?' Focus on the vowels.

Pair with potential verbs

It works best with 'mieru' and 'kikoeru' to describe the quality of your senses.

Be careful with directness

Use 'hakkiri itte' sparingly. It's like saying 'To be blunt'—it prepares the listener for something potentially rude.

Learn 'Hakkiri saseru'

This is a powerful phrase for business. Use it when you need to finalize a decision or clarify a point.

Visual descriptions

In creative writing, use 'hakkiri' to describe the moment the sun comes out or a character puts on glasses.

Listen for the 'to'

Adding 'to' makes the sentence sound more complete and formal. Notice this in news broadcasts.

The 'Hacker' visual

Remember the hacker who sees through the code. That sharp, clear vision is 'hakkiri'.

Hakkiri vs Akiraka

Akiraka is for facts (It is clearly true). Hakkiri is for perception (I see it clearly).

Not for cleanliness

Never use 'hakkiri' to mean 'clean'. Use 'kirei' for that.

Abstract clarity

Try using it for memories or feelings to sound more like a native B1/B2 speaker.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of a 'Hacker' (hakki) who sees 'to' (to) the code clearly. A hacker needs to see the lines clearly to work.

Asociación visual

Imagine a foggy window being wiped clean. The view through the clean spot is 'hakkiri to'.

Word Web

Mieru (See) Kikoeru (Hear) Wakaru (Understand) Iu (Say) Kotowaru (Refuse) Kimaru (Decide) Omoidasu (Remember) Arawareru (Appear)

Desafío

Try to describe three things you see 'hakkiri to' in your room right now, and one thing you remember 'hakkiri to' from your childhood.

Origen de la palabra

Originates from Japanese onomatopoeia (gitaigo). The 'ha' sound often relates to opening or beginning, and 'kiri' can relate to cutting or distinctness.

Significado original: To be distinct or sharply defined, like a clean cut.

Japonic (Onomatopoeic origin)

Contexto cultural

Be careful when using 'hakkiri' to tell someone they are wrong; it can be very blunt. Use 'hakkiri to' with 'setsumei' or 'hanasu' to be more polite.

English speakers might find 'hakkiri' too direct if they translate it as 'frankly' in every situation. In Japan, being 'hakkiri' is a choice that signals seriousness.

Used frequently in the lyrics of J-Pop songs to express clear feelings of love or heartbreak. Commonly heard in anime when a protagonist realizes the truth about a mystery. A standard term in Japanese weather reporting (NHK).

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Weather

  • 富士山がはっきりと見える
  • はっきりしない天気
  • 星がはっきり見える
  • 視界がはっきりする

Meetings

  • 意見をはっきりと述べる
  • 目標をはっきりとさせる
  • 賛成かは反対かはっきりさせる
  • 結論をはっきりと出す

Education

  • はっきりと発音する
  • 文字をはっきりと書く
  • 意味をはっきりと教える
  • はっきりと質問する

Daily Life

  • はっきり言って嫌い
  • はっきりしない返事
  • 記憶がはっきりしている
  • 道がはっきりわかる

Health

  • 痛みがはっきりしている
  • 意識がはっきりしている
  • 症状がはっきり現れる
  • はっきりと診断する

Inicios de conversación

"最近、自分の将来について、はっきりと決めたことはありますか？"

"はっきり言って、今の日本の政治についてどう思いますか？"

"子供の頃の思い出で、一番はっきりと覚えていることは何ですか？"

"メガネやコンタクトレンズを変えて、世界がはっきりと見えた時のことを覚えていますか？"

"自分の意見をはっきりと、言うことは得意ですか？"

Temas para diario

今日の目標をはっきりと書き出してみましょう。それを達成するために何をしますか？

最近、誰かにはっきりと断った経験はありますか？その時の気持ちを書いてください。

あなたの国と日本の文化の違いについて、はっきりと感じるところを述べてください。

もし、自分の将来がはっきりと見える魔法の鏡があったら、あなたは見たいですか？

「はっきり言わないこと」の良さと悪さについて、自分の考えをまとめてください。

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

In casual conversation, 'hakkiri' is much more common. 'Hakkiri to' is used when you want to emphasize the adverbial quality or in more formal writing and speech. For example, 'Hakkiri itte' is a standard set phrase, while 'Hakkiri to mieru' sounds slightly more deliberate than 'Hakkiri mieru'.

Yes. You can say someone is 'hakkiri shita hito'. This means they are direct, straightforward, and speak their mind. It can be a compliment (honest) or a slight criticism (blunt), depending on the context.

No, 'hakkiri' is an adverb or the stem of a suru-verb. It cannot function as a standalone noun like 'clarity' (meikakusa) in English.

Meikaku is a Kango (Chinese-origin word) and is much more formal. It is used for academic or legal 'precision'. Hakkiri is a native Japanese word (Wago) and is used for sensory perception and everyday directness.

Not exactly, but they are related. If you speak 'hakkiri', you might speak louder to be clear, but the focus is on articulation, not volume. You can speak 'hakkiri' in a whisper if every word is distinct.

It is less common for smells than for sight or sound. Usually, for smells, people use 'tsuyoku' (strongly) or 'funtari' (wafting). However, you could say 'Nioi ga hakkiri to wakaru' (I can clearly tell what the smell is).

You use the negative form of the verb it modifies, or you say 'hakkiri shinai'. For example, 'Hakkiri kikoenai' (I can't hear clearly) or 'Hakkiri shinai kotae' (A vague/unclear answer).

The word itself is neutral. However, the act of being 'hakkiri' (direct) can be considered impolite in some Japanese social contexts where 'kuuki o yomu' (reading the air) is expected.

It is an Atamadaka (Type 1) or Heiban (Type 0) word depending on the dialect, but usually, the pitch rises on the 'kki' and stays level or drops.

No. For a clean or shiny surface, use 'pikapika' or 'kirei'. 'Hakkiri' is about the clarity of the image of the surface, not its cleanliness.

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writing

Write a sentence asking someone to speak clearly.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence saying you can see the stars clearly.

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence saying you remember your childhood clearly.

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writing

Write a sentence saying you clearly refused the offer.

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence using 'hakkiri to shita riyuu'.

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence saying the difference is clear.

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writing

Write a sentence using 'hakkiri itte'.

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writing

Write a sentence about making goals clear in business.

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writing

Write a sentence about the air being clear in winter.

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writing

Write a sentence about a photo being clear.

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence about stating an opinion clearly.

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writing

Write a sentence about a clear boundary.

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writing

Write a sentence about a clear result appearing.

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writing

Write a sentence about hearing a voice clearly.

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

Write a sentence about deciding one's path clearly.

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writing

Write a sentence about a clear memory.

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writing

Write a sentence about writing characters clearly.

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writing

Write a sentence about a clear distinction between work and life.

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writing

Write a sentence about a clear feeling of surprise.

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writing

Write a sentence about making the answer clear.

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speaking

Say 'Please speak clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'I can see it clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'I remember clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Frankly speaking...' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'I understood clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'I clearly refused' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Please write clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The difference is clear' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Make the answer clear' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The stars are clear' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'I can't hear clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'State your opinion clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'It's a clear reason' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'I recognized my fault clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'The air is clear' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'Let's clarify the winner' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'It appeared clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'The memory remains clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

Say 'Tell me clearly' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Is the pain clear?' in Japanese.

Read this aloud:

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen for the word 'hakkiri' in this sentence: 'Motto hakkiri hanashite.' What is the speaker asking?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to miemasu ka?' What is being asked?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri itte, kirai desu.' How does the speaker feel?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Riyuu ga hakkiri shinai.' Is there a reason?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to oboete iru.' Does the person forget?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Kotae o hakkiri saseru.' What is the action?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Chigai ga hakkiri shita.' What happened to the difference?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to shita koe.' Describe the voice.

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listening

Listen: 'Moji ga hakkiri kakenai.' What is the problem?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to kotowatta.' What was the response?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Kekka ga hakkiri arawareta.' Are the results vague?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to shimesu hitsuyou ga aru.' Is it necessary to show it?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri shinai tenki.' Should I bring an umbrella?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Kou-shi o hakkiri kubetsu suru.' What is being separated?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

Listen: 'Hakkiri to jikaku suru.' What is the mental state?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:

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