At the A1 level, '凝結する' (gyōketsu suru) is a very difficult word that you probably won't use. Instead, you might learn words like '水' (mizu - water) or '雨' (ame - rain). If you want to talk about water appearing on a cold glass, you can say '水がつきました' (mizu ga tsukimashita - water appeared). 'Gyōketsu suru' is a science word. It means 'gas turns into water.' Imagine a hot shower and the mirror gets wet—that is the process of 'gyōketsu.' But for now, just remember that Japanese has special long words for science things, and this is one of them. You don't need to use it in daily conversation yet. Just focus on simple verbs like '出る' (deru - to come out) or 'なる' (naru - to become).
At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more 'suru-verbs.' '凝結する' is a formal verb used in science. You might see it in a simple weather book or a children's science museum. It means 'condensation.' For example, when steam from a kettle touches a cold window and turns into water drops, that is 'gyōketsu suru.' In daily life, Japanese people usually say '曇る' (kumoru - to fog up) for glasses or '水滴がつく' (suiteki ga tsuku - water drops appear). You should recognize '凝結' as a word about water and science. The first kanji '凝' means something getting hard or thick, and '結' means to tie or result in something. It's a bit formal for a normal conversation with friends.
At the B1 level, you should begin to distinguish between everyday words and technical terms. '凝結する' is the technical term for 'to condense.' While you would use '結露する' (ketsuro suru) to talk about the annoying water on your windows in winter, you use '凝結する' when discussing the physical process itself. For example, 'Why do clouds form?' 'Because water vapor condenses' (水蒸気が凝結するからです). You will encounter this word in JLPT N3/N2 reading materials, especially those related to nature, the environment, or science. It's an intransitive verb (it happens by itself). Remember the pattern: [Gas] + が + 凝結する. It's a great word to use if you want to sound more educated or precise during a presentation.
At the B2 level, you are expected to use '凝結する' correctly in formal contexts. You should understand its nuance compared to '凝縮' (gyōshuku - concentration/compression) and '凝固' (gyōko - solidification). At this level, you might use it to describe industrial processes or complex meteorological phenomena. For instance, explaining the 'latent heat of condensation' (凝結熱 - gyōketsunetsu) in a discussion about climate. You should also be comfortable using the noun form '凝結' in compound words like '凝結核' (condensation nuclei). Your ability to use this word instead of the more common '結露' shows that you can separate physical principles from their everyday manifestations.
At the C1 level, you should be able to use '凝結する' not only in its primary scientific sense but also recognize its rare metaphorical uses in literature. In academic writing, you would use it to describe phase transitions in chemistry or physics with absolute precision. You might also encounter it in historical texts or high-level literature where it might describe the 'solidification' of a feeling or the clotting of blood (though '凝固' is more standard for blood). You should understand the nuances of the kanji '凝' (to concentrate/stiffen) and how it relates to words like '凝視' (staring intently) or '凝る' (to be stiff/to be devoted to). Your usage should be flawless, reflecting the formal and technical register the word belongs to.
At the C2 level, '凝結する' is a tool for highly specialized discourse. You can use it in scientific research papers, technical engineering specs, or philosophical discussions about the nature of state changes. You understand its etymological roots and its place within the broader 'Sino-Japanese' (Kango) vocabulary. You can distinguish between '凝結' (condensation), '液化' (liquefaction), and '凝縮' (compression/condensation) in a professional laboratory or academic setting. For a C2 speaker, this word is not just a vocabulary item but a precise instrument for describing the physical world. You might also appreciate its use in the works of 20th-century Japanese authors who used scientific terminology to create a cold, objective atmosphere in their prose.

凝結する en 30 segundos

  • A formal/scientific verb meaning 'to condense,' specifically referring to the phase change from gas to liquid, such as water vapor becoming rain or dew.
  • Commonly used in textbooks, weather reports, and technical manuals rather than casual daily conversation, where 'ketsuro' or 'kumoru' are preferred.
  • Formed by the kanji 凝 (congeal) and 結 (tie/result), emphasizing the molecules binding together into a liquid state as they lose heat.
  • Primarily functions as an intransitive verb (e.g., vapor condenses), but can be used causatively (make condense) in scientific or industrial contexts.

The Japanese verb 凝結する (ぎょうけつする - gyōketsu suru) is a technical and formal term that primarily refers to the physical process of condensation. In scientific terms, it describes the phase transition where a substance changes from a gaseous state (vapor) into a liquid state. While English speakers might simply say 'fogging up' or 'becoming damp,' Japanese distinguishes between the everyday phenomenon and the scientific principle using this specific vocabulary. Understanding this word requires looking at its kanji: (gyō) meaning 'congeal,' 'freeze,' or 'stiffen,' and (ketsu) meaning 'tie,' 'bind,' or 'result.' Together, they evoke the image of dispersed particles binding together to form a visible, solid-like liquid state.

Scientific Context
Used in physics and meteorology to describe how water vapor in the air turns into water droplets when it cools down. For example, the formation of clouds or dew on a cold surface is technically gyōketsu.
Formal Observation
In technical manuals or academic papers, this word is preferred over more casual expressions. It implies a precise observation of the phase change rather than just a casual remark about moisture.

空気中の水蒸気が冷やされて凝結することで、雲が形成されます。
(Clouds are formed by the water vapor in the air being cooled and condensing.)

Beyond the strictly scientific, gyōketsu suru can occasionally be found in older literature or high-level metaphorical writing to describe the 'solidification' of thoughts, ideas, or blood. However, in modern Japanese, 95% of its usage revolves around thermodynamics and weather. If you are talking about your glasses fogging up after coming inside from the cold, you might use the more common term 曇る (kumoru) or 結露する (ketsuro suru), but if you are explaining the reason why it happens in a school presentation, gyōketsu suru is your go-to verb.

冬の朝、窓ガラスに水滴が凝結する様子は、理科の実験のようです。
(The way water droplets condense on the window glass on a winter morning is like a science experiment.)

Kanji Breakdown: 凝
Contains the 'ice' radical (冫) on the left, suggesting coldness and the transition to a solid or stiff state. It appears in words like 凝固 (gyōko - solidification/clotting).
Kanji Breakdown: 結
Contains the 'thread' radical (糸), meaning to tie or connect. In this context, it refers to the molecules 'tying' together to form a droplet.

In summary, gyōketsu suru is a word that bridges the gap between everyday observation and academic precision. It allows you to describe the natural world with the accuracy of a scientist while maintaining the formal tone required in professional or educational settings. Whether you are studying for the JLPT N2/N1 levels or reading a weather report, recognizing this word will help you grasp the mechanics of moisture in the Japanese language.

Using 凝結する correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a Suru-verb (Noun + suru). It is almost always used as an intransitive verb, meaning the subject is the substance undergoing the change. The structure typically follows: [Subject] + が + 凝結する. Because it is a formal word, it is frequently found in the polite -masu form or the dictionary form in written reports.

冷たい飲み物のカップの表面に、空気中の水分が凝結して水滴がついた。
(Moisture in the air condensed on the surface of the cold drink cup, forming droplets.)

When describing the cause of the condensation, you often use the particle (due to/by) or the passive-like structure 冷やされて (being cooled). For example, 'Vapor condenses due to the temperature drop' would be 温度の低下で蒸気が凝結する. This highlights the cause-and-effect relationship central to scientific descriptions.

Common Particle Patterns
  • 〜が凝結する: [Substance] condenses.
  • 〜に凝結する: Condenses on [Surface].
  • 〜によって凝結する: Condenses because of [Factor].

高度が上がると気圧が下がり、水蒸気が凝結しやすくなります。
(As altitude increases, air pressure drops, making it easier for water vapor to condense.)

In more advanced contexts, you might see gyōketsu used as a noun to modify other nouns using the particle . For example, 凝結核 (gyōketsukaku) refers to 'condensation nuclei,' the tiny particles like dust around which water droplets form in the atmosphere. This demonstrates how the word functions as a building block for specialized terminology.

この化学反応の過程で、ガスが凝結して液体に変わります。
(During this chemical reaction process, gas condenses and changes into liquid.)

Comparative Usage
Compared to 結露 (ketsuro), which is specifically about dew/moisture on surfaces like windows, 凝結 (gyōketsu) is broader and covers clouds, steam, and industrial processes. Use 凝結 for a 'smart' or 'official' sound.

While you might not hear 凝結する in a casual conversation at a coffee shop, it is a staple of specific environments. If you are in Japan, you will encounter this word in four primary places: the classroom, the weather report, technical workplaces, and news documentaries.

1. Educational Settings
In Japanese middle school and high school science (理科 - rika) classes, students learn about the water cycle. Teachers will use gyōketsu suru to explain how rain is formed. You'll see it in textbooks and on exams.
2. Weather Forecasts (Tenki Yohō)
Meteorologists on NHK or other news channels use this word when explaining atmospheric phenomena, such as why heavy fog is forming or how a typhoon's energy is maintained through the latent heat of condensation.

「上空の冷たい空気によって、水蒸気が急激に凝結し、集中豪雨の原因となりました。」
(Due to the cold air aloft, water vapor rapidly condensed, causing localized heavy rain.)

In the professional world, particularly in architecture, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), and chemical engineering, gyōketsu is a critical technical term. Architects discuss how to prevent gyōketsu inside walls to avoid mold, and engineers design systems to manage the condensation of refrigerants.

工場のパイプラインで蒸気が凝結するのを防ぐために、断熱材が必要です。
(Insulation is necessary to prevent steam from condensing in the factory pipeline.)

3. News & Documentaries
Documentaries about nature or climate change will use this word to describe glacial melting or atmospheric changes. It adds a layer of 'scientific authority' to the narration.
4. Literature
In high-brow literature (Jun-bungaku), an author might use gyōketsu to describe blood clotting in a dramatic scene, though this is less common than the scientific usage.

Recognizing gyōketsu suru in these contexts marks your transition from 'survival Japanese' to 'academic/professional Japanese.' It shows you can handle topics beyond basic daily needs and engage with the world of science and logic.

Because Japanese has many words for 'changing states,' learners often confuse 凝結する with other similar-sounding or similar-meaning terms. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Japanese sound much more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 凝縮 (Gyōshuku)

This is the most common error. Gyōshuku means to condense in the sense of 'compressing' or 'concentrating.' You gyōshuku a long story into a short summary, or you gyōshuku milk to make it thick. Gyōketsu is strictly for the physical phase change from gas to liquid.

❌ 例文を凝結する (Condensing an example sentence - WRONG)

✅ 水蒸気が凝結する (Water vapor condensing - CORRECT)

Mistake 2: Confusing with 凝固 (Gyōko)

Gyōko means 'solidification' (liquid to solid). People often mix them up because they both start with gyō. Remember: Gyōketsu = Gas to Liquid; Gyōko = Liquid to Solid (like ice or blood clotting).

注意:血液が固まることは「凝固」と言い、「凝結」とはあまり言いません。
(Note: The hardening of blood is called 'gyōko,' and 'gyōketsu' is rarely used for it.)

Another mistake is using gyōketsu suru in very casual situations. If you tell a friend, 'My window is gyōketsu-ing,' it sounds like you are reading from a textbook. In daily life, use 結露 (ketsuro) for windows or 曇る (kumoru) for fogging up. Use gyōketsu when you want to sound technical or when discussing the physical principle itself.

「霧ができるのは、水蒸気が凝結するからです。」
(The reason fog forms is that water vapor condenses.)

Mistake 3: Transitivity Errors
Learners sometimes try to 'condense' something using this word as a transitive verb (e.g., 'I condensed the steam'). In Japanese, gyōketsu suru is mostly used for the thing that is doing the condensing. To say 'to make something condense,' you would use 凝結させる (gyōketsu saseru).

To truly master 凝結する, you should understand where it sits in the family of 'moisture and change' words. Here is a breakdown of its closest relatives and how to choose the right one for your situation.

1. 結露する (Ketsuro suru)
This is the 'daily life' version of 凝結. It specifically refers to the condensation of water on a surface (like a window or a cold beer can). If you see water droplets on a physical object, use this.
Example: 窓が結露している (The window has condensation on it).
2. 凝縮する (Gyōshuku suru)
As mentioned, this means 'concentration' or 'compression.' It's used for gases turning to liquid (like 凝結) but also for abstract things like talent, essence, or information being packed into a small space.
Example: エッセンスを凝縮する (To condense the essence).
3. 凝固する (Gyōko suru)
This means 'solidification' (Liquid → Solid). Use this for freezing water, setting concrete, or blood clotting.
Example: 溶岩が凝固して岩になる (Lava solidifies and becomes rock).
4. 曇る (Kumoru)
This is a very common verb meaning 'to become cloudy' or 'to fog up.' It's the least technical way to describe condensation on glasses or mirrors.
Example: メガネが曇った (My glasses fogged up).

凝結」は物理現象としての「ガスから液体への変化」を指し、「結露」はその結果として「表面に水滴がつくこと」を指します。
('Gyōketsu' refers to the physical phenomenon of 'gas to liquid change,' while 'ketsuro' refers to the resulting 'water droplets on a surface.')

When should you choose gyōketsu? Choose it when you are explaining the mechanism. If you are a teacher, a scientist, or a student writing a report, gyōketsu is the most appropriate. If you are just complaining about the humidity, use ketsuro or kumoru.

By distinguishing between these words, you demonstrate a high level of linguistic sensitivity. Japanese is a language that values precision in describing states of nature, and mastering these subtle differences is a hallmark of an advanced speaker.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The kanji 凝 (gyō) originally referred to the way fat or grease hardens as it cools, which is conceptually very similar to steam turning into water.

Guía de pronunciación

UK N/A
US N/A
ぎょうけつする (Standard pitch: Low-High-High-High-High-High)
Rima con
終結 (shūketsu - termination) 連結 (renketsu - connection) 凍結 (tōketsu - freezing) 団結 (danketsu - unity) 完結 (kanketsu - completion) 締結 (teiketsu - conclusion of a treaty) 集結 (shūketsu - gathering) 氷結 (hyōketsu - freezing over)
Errores comunes
  • Pronouncing 'gyō' as two syllables 'gi-yo'. It should be a single glided syllable.
  • Misplacing the pitch accent, making it sound like 'gyo-KE-tsu' (English-style stress).
  • Shortening the long 'ō' sound in 'gyō'.
  • Stressing the 'tsu' too much; it should be light.
  • Confusing the 'tsu' with 'su' or 'chu'.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 4/5

The kanji 凝 is complex (16 strokes) and not used in basic levels.

Escritura 5/5

Writing 凝 and 結 correctly requires practice with stroke order and radicals.

Expresión oral 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but knowing when to use it requires nuance.

Escucha 3/5

Easily confused with other 'gyō' words if not listening carefully.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

水 (mizu) 空気 (kūki) 冷える (hieru) 変化 (henka) 水蒸気 (suijōki)

Aprende después

凝固 (gyōko) 凝縮 (gyōshuku) 蒸発 (jōhatsu) 気化 (kika) 飽和 (hōwa)

Avanzado

相転移 (sōten'i) 潜熱 (sennetsu) 露点 (roten) 断熱変化 (dannetsu henka) 飽和水蒸気量 (hōwa suijōkiryō)

Gramática que debes saber

Suru-verbs (Noun + suru)

凝結 + する = To condense

Intransitive vs Transitive

水蒸気が凝結する (Intransitive) vs 水蒸気を凝結させる (Causative/Transitive)

Conditional 'To'

温度が下がると、凝結する。

Te-form for Cause/Reason

水蒸気が凝結して、雲になった。

Noun modification with 'No'

凝結のプロセス (The process of condensation)

Ejemplos por nivel

1

コップにみずがつきました。

Water appeared on the cup.

A1 level uses simple verbs like 'tsuku' (to attach/appear).

2

ふゆのまどはしろいです。

The winter windows are white.

Simple description of the result of condensation.

3

おゆのゆげがみずになります。

The steam from hot water becomes water.

Using 'naru' (to become) to explain the process.

4

めがねがくもりました。

My glasses fogged up.

The common verb 'kumoru' (to fog up).

5

くもはみずからできています。

Clouds are made from water.

Simple explanation of clouds.

6

そとにみずのたまがあります。

There are drops of water outside.

Focusing on the visible result.

7

あついおふろでかがみがみえません。

I can't see the mirror in the hot bath.

Describing the effect of condensation.

8

これはかがくのふしぎです。

This is a mystery of science.

Introducing the concept of science simply.

1

寒い朝、窓に水滴がつきます。

On cold mornings, water droplets appear on the windows.

Using 'suiteki' (water droplets).

2

蒸気が冷えると水になります。

When steam cools, it becomes water.

Using the conditional 'to' for natural results.

3

理科の授業で凝結について習いました。

I learned about condensation in science class.

Introducing the noun form '凝結'.

4

空気が冷たくなると、霧が発生します。

When the air gets cold, fog is generated.

Using 'hassei suru' (to occur/be generated).

5

コップの周りに水がたまっています。

Water is pooling around the cup.

Describing the result of condensation.

6

冬は部屋の空気が湿っています。

In winter, the air in the room is humid.

Adjective 'shime tte iru' (is damp/humid).

7

この現象を「凝結」と呼びます。

We call this phenomenon 'condensation'.

Using the 'to yobu' (to call) pattern.

8

お風呂の壁が濡れています。

The bathroom walls are wet.

Using 'nurete iru' (is wet).

1

水蒸気が凝結して雲になります。

Water vapor condenses and becomes clouds.

Using 'gyōketsu shite' to show a sequence of events.

2

冬の窓ガラスに結露(凝結)が生じる。

Condensation occurs on window glass in winter.

Using 'shōjiru' (to occur/arise).

3

冷たい空気に触れると蒸気は凝結する。

Vapor condenses when it touches cold air.

Scientific cause-and-effect structure.

4

凝結によって生じた水滴が、雨の元です。

Water droplets created by condensation are the source of rain.

Using 'ni yotte' (due to/by).

5

この部屋は湿度が高く、凝結しやすい。

This room has high humidity and is prone to condensation.

Using the '-yasui' (easy to/prone to) suffix.

6

霧は地面に近いところで水蒸気が凝結したものです。

Fog is water vapor that has condensed near the ground.

Defining fog using the past form 'gyōketsu shita'.

7

実験では、ガスを冷却して凝結させた。

In the experiment, we cooled the gas and made it condense.

Using the causative 'gyōketsu saseta'.

8

凝結は気体から液体への変化です。

Condensation is the change from gas to liquid.

Formal definition structure.

1

高度が上がるにつれて温度が下がり、水蒸気が凝結し始める。

As the altitude increases, the temperature drops and water vapor begins to condense.

Using 'ni tsurete' (as... so...).

2

凝結核となる微粒子が空気中に存在する必要がある。

Fine particles to serve as condensation nuclei must exist in the air.

Using 'gyōketsukaku' (condensation nuclei).

3

断熱材を使用することで、壁内部の凝結を防ぐことができる。

By using insulation, condensation inside the walls can be prevented.

Using 'koto de' to show means/method.

4

飽和水蒸気量を超えると、余分な水分が凝結する。

When the amount of saturated water vapor is exceeded, the excess moisture condenses.

Using 'koeru' (to exceed).

5

凝結の過程で放出される熱を凝結熱と呼ぶ。

The heat released during the process of condensation is called the heat of condensation.

Technical term 'gyōketsunetsu'.

6

エアコンのドレンホースは、凝結した水を排出するためのものです。

The air conditioner's drain hose is for discharging condensed water.

Practical application of the word.

7

化学プラントでは、蒸留した成分を凝結させて回収する。

In chemical plants, distilled components are condensed and recovered.

Industrial context.

8

気象学において、凝結は降水現象の第一歩である。

In meteorology, condensation is the first step in precipitation phenomena.

Academic context 'ni oite'.

1

大気中の塵が凝結核として機能し、雲粒の形成を促進する。

Dust in the atmosphere functions as condensation nuclei, promoting the formation of cloud droplets.

High-level vocabulary like 'kinō shi' and 'sokushin suru'.

2

露点温度に達すると、空気中の水蒸気は速やかに凝結を開始する。

Upon reaching the dew point temperature, water vapor in the air promptly begins to condense.

Using 'roten ondo' (dew point).

3

彼の思想の断片が、この一冊の詩集に凝結しているかのようだ。

It is as if the fragments of his thoughts have condensed into this single volume of poetry.

Metaphorical use in literature.

4

断熱膨張による冷却が、上昇気流内の凝結を引き起こす主因である。

Cooling due to adiabatic expansion is the primary cause that triggers condensation within an updraft.

Using 'dannetsu bōchō' (adiabatic expansion).

5

傷口で血液が凝結し、かさぶたが作られるプロセスを観察した。

I observed the process where blood clots at the wound and a scab is formed.

Biological use (though gyōko is more common).

6

建築設計において、防湿層の配置は内部凝結の抑制に不可欠である。

In architectural design, the placement of a vapor barrier is essential for suppressing internal condensation.

Professional engineering terminology.

7

過冷却状態の蒸気が衝撃によって一気に凝結する現象は驚異的だ。

The phenomenon where supercooled vapor condenses all at once due to an impact is phenomenal.

Using 'karyēkyaku' (supercooling).

8

その瞬間の緊張感は、まるで空気が凝結したかのように感じられた。

The tension of that moment felt as if the very air had condensed.

Descriptive metaphorical use.

1

相転移のダイナミクスを解明する上で、凝結の初期段階の観測は極めて重要である。

In elucidating the dynamics of phase transitions, observing the initial stages of condensation is extremely important.

Academic research level language.

2

星間雲におけるガス成分の凝結は、原始星形成の鍵を握るプロセスの一つである。

The condensation of gas components in interstellar clouds is one of the key processes in protostar formation.

Astrophysical context.

3

蒸気圧の微細な変動が、凝結速度に及ぼす影響を定量的に分析した。

We quantitatively analyzed the influence that minute fluctuations in vapor pressure exert on the rate of condensation.

Quantitative analysis terminology.

4

凝結熱の潜熱放出が、熱帯低気圧の猛烈な発達を支えるエネルギー源となる。

The release of latent heat from condensation serves as the energy source supporting the fierce development of tropical cyclones.

Advanced meteorology.

5

近代文学における「凝結」という表現は、リアリズムの極致を象徴している。

The expression 'condensation' in modern literature symbolizes the height of realism.

Literary criticism context.

6

極低温物理学において、ボース=アインシュタイン凝縮(凝結)は特異な量子状態を示す。

In cryogenics, Bose-Einstein condensation exhibits a unique quantum state.

Using 'gyōshuku' usually, but 'gyōketsu' appears in older translations.

7

不純物の混入が凝結核の特性を変化させ、降水パターンに予測不能な影響を与える。

The introduction of impurities changes the characteristics of condensation nuclei, exerting unpredictable effects on precipitation patterns.

Environmental science / complexity theory.

8

物質の三態変化における凝結の役割を、分子動力学の視点から再定義する。

We redefine the role of condensation in the three states of matter from the perspective of molecular dynamics.

Theoretical physics level.

Colocaciones comunes

水蒸気が凝結する
凝結核
凝結熱
急速に凝結する
表面に凝結する
凝結を防ぐ
凝結が始まる
高度で凝結する
血液が凝結する
凝結点

Frases Comunes

凝結現象

— The phenomenon of condensation. Used in academic or formal reports.

冬場に見られる凝結現象を分析する。

凝結水

— Condensed water. Water that has formed through the process of condensation.

エアコンから出る凝結水を排水する。

凝結作用

— The action or effect of condensation.

大気中の凝結作用によって雨が降る。

凝結温度

— The temperature at which a substance condenses.

ガスの種類によって凝結温度は異なる。

内部凝結

— Interstitial condensation; condensation occurring inside building structures like walls.

住宅の寿命を縮める内部凝結に注意が必要だ。

表面凝結

— Surface condensation; water forming on the outside of an object.

冬の窓の表面凝結を拭き取る。

凝結速度

— The rate/speed at which condensation occurs.

湿度が上がると凝結速度が増す。

凝結促進剤

— A condensation accelerator (used in industrial chemistry).

凝結促進剤を加えて反応を早める。

凝結粒子

— Condensed particles.

大気中の凝結粒子が光を散乱させる。

凝結器

— A condenser (machinery).

蒸留器の凝結器を修理する。

Se confunde a menudo con

凝結する vs 凝縮 (gyōshuku)

Means concentration/compression. Use for 'condensed milk' or 'condensed info'.

凝結する vs 凝固 (gyōko)

Means solidification. Use for 'freezing' or 'blood clotting'.

凝結する vs 結露 (ketsuro)

Specifically for condensation on surfaces like windows.

Modismos y expresiones

"想いが凝結する"

— Feelings solidifying or becoming focused into a single point.

長年の想いがこの一言に凝結していた。

Literary
"エッセンスが凝結する"

— The essence of something being condensed into a final form.

彼の芸術のすべてがこの作品に凝結されている。

Formal
"時間が凝結する"

— Time feeling as though it has frozen or stood still (metaphorical).

その瞬間、私の中で時間が凝結した。

Poetic
"殺意が凝結する"

— Murderous intent becoming palpable or 'thick' in the air.

部屋の中に殺意が凝結しているのを感じた。

Fiction
"歴史が凝結する"

— History being condensed into a specific event or place.

この古い街並みには、数世紀の歴史が凝結している。

Formal
"知恵が凝結する"

— Wisdom being concentrated into a specific solution or proverb.

先人の知恵が凝結した言葉だ。

Respectful
"美が凝結する"

— Beauty being concentrated in a single object or person.

その彫刻は、美が凝結したような完璧さだった。

Artistic
"怒りが凝結する"

— Anger solidifying into a cold, hard determination.

静かな怒りが彼の心の中で凝結していった。

Literary
"夢が凝結する"

— A dream taking a physical or concrete shape.

何年も追いかけた夢が、ようやく形として凝結した。

Emotional
"沈黙が凝結する"

— The silence becoming heavy and almost physical.

不気味な沈黙がその場に凝結した。

Suspenseful

Fácil de confundir

凝結する vs 氷結 (hyōketsu)

Both involve water and state change.

Hyōketsu is freezing (liquid to ice), while gyōketsu is gas to liquid.

湖が氷結した。

凝結する vs 集結 (shūketsu)

Sounds similar (ketsu suffix).

Shūketsu is for people/troops gathering in one place.

広場に群衆が集結した。

凝結する vs 終結 (shūketsu)

Homophone in some pronunciations.

Shūketsu (different kanji) means to end or terminate.

戦争が終結した。

凝結する vs 連結 (renketsu)

Sounds similar.

Renketsu means to link or couple things (like train cars).

列車を連結する。

凝結する vs 締結 (teiketsu)

Sounds similar.

Teiketsu means to conclude a treaty or contract.

条約を締結する。

Patrones de oraciones

B1

[Gas] が [Cause] で 凝結する

水蒸気が冷気で凝結する。

B2

[Surface] に [Gas] が 凝結する

窓ガラスに水蒸気が凝結する。

C1

凝結によって [Result] が生じる

凝結によって雲粒が生じる。

B1

凝結しやすい [Noun]

凝結しやすい環境。

B2

凝結を防ぐために [Action]

凝結を防ぐために換気する。

C2

凝結の初期段階における [Noun]

凝結の初期段階における分子の動き。

B1

凝結した [Noun]

凝結した水滴。

C1

[Factor] が 凝結を促進する

塵が凝結を促進する。

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

凝結 (gyōketsu - condensation)
凝固 (gyōko - solidification)
凝縮 (gyōshuku - compression)

Verbos

凝る (koru - to be stiff/devoted)
結ぶ (musubu - to tie/link)
凝らす (korasu - to concentrate/focus)

Adjetivos

凝った (kotta - elaborate/stiff)

Relacionado

蒸発 (jōhatsu)
気化 (kika)
昇華 (shōka)
融解 (yūkai)
沸騰 (futtō)

Cómo usarlo

frequency

Common in specialized fields, rare in daily street talk.

Errores comunes
  • Using 凝結 for 'freezing water'. Using 凝固 (gyōko) or 凍結 (tōketsu).

    Gyōketsu only goes from gas to liquid, not liquid to solid.

  • Using 凝結 for 'condensing a story'. Using 凝縮 (gyōshuku).

    Gyōketsu is for physical phase changes, not abstract compression.

  • Saying 'Megane ga gyōketsu shita'. Saying 'Megane ga kumotta'.

    Gyōketsu is too formal for casual situations like foggy glasses.

  • Using 'wo' with 凝結する. Using 'ga' or 'saseru'.

    It's an intransitive verb; you can't 'condense something' directly with 'suru'.

  • Confusing 凝結 with 連結 (renketsu). Distinguishing the 'gyō' and 'ren' sounds.

    Renketsu is linking things together, completely unrelated to moisture.

Consejos

Particle Choice

Always use 'ga' for the thing that is condensing (e.g., suijōki ga gyōketsu suru).

Scientific Register

Use this word when writing reports or giving presentations to sound more professional.

Radical Hint

The 'ice' radical in 凝 is your clue that the word relates to cooling and state changes.

Context Clues

If you hear 'reikyaku' (cooling) and 'suiteki' (water drops), 'gyōketsu' is likely the verb.

The 'Ketsu' Result

Remember that 結 means 'result' or 'tying'. Condensation is the 'tied' result of cooling vapor.

Gyōketsu vs Gyōshuku

Gyōketsu is for phase change (Gas->Liquid); Gyōshuku is for concentration (making things dense).

Window Moisture

Use 'ketsuro' for windows in daily life; use 'gyōketsu' for the physics behind it.

Stroke Order

The kanji 凝 has many strokes. Practice the '疑' part separately to master the whole character.

Pitch Accent

Keep it flat (Heiban) to sound most natural in a scientific context.

Humidity Awareness

Japan is humid, so words for moisture are more specific than in English. Learn them to sound native.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of 'Gyō' as 'Glow' (like a glowing hot vapor) and 'Ketsu' as 'Kettle'. When the 'Glow' from the 'Kettle' hits a cold wall, it condenses! (Gyō-Ketsu).

Asociación visual

Visualize a cold window in winter with the word 凝結 written in the fog. The water droplets are the 'results' (結) of the cold 'congealing' (凝) the air.

Word Web

Science Clouds Rain Cold Window Physics Vapor Liquid Phase Change

Desafío

Try to explain the water cycle using only 凝結する, 蒸発する, and 雨. Can you describe how a cloud forms without using English?

Origen de la palabra

Borrowed from Middle Chinese roots. The word is a 'Kango' (Sino-Japanese word) composed of two characters used in scientific and philosophical texts for centuries.

Significado original: The binding or gathering of dispersed elements into a firm state.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

Contexto cultural

No specific sensitivities, but using it in casual settings can make you sound overly academic or 'stiff' (which ironically is one meaning of the kanji 凝).

English speakers often use 'condensation' for both the process and the result. Japanese splits this into 'gyōketsu' (process) and 'ketsuro' (result on surfaces).

Scientific textbooks by the Ministry of Education (MEXT). NHK documentaries on weather and climate. Technical manuals for companies like Daikin (AC manufacturer).

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Weather Forecast

  • 霧が発生する
  • 水蒸気が凝結する
  • 上空の冷たい空気
  • 湿った空気

Science Class

  • 実験を行う
  • 液体に変わる
  • 温度を下げる
  • 状態の変化

Construction/Architecture

  • 内部凝結を防ぐ
  • 断熱材を入れる
  • 湿気対策
  • 結露防止

Cooking

  • 鍋の蓋に水滴がつく
  • 蒸気を冷やす
  • 凝縮された旨味
  • 冷めるのを待つ

Health/Biology

  • 血液の凝固
  • 傷口が固まる
  • 体液の変化
  • 医学的な視点

Inicios de conversación

"「なぜ冬の朝は窓に水滴がつくのか、凝結という言葉を使って説明できますか?」"

"「雲ができる仕組みに、凝結がどう関わっているか知っていますか?」"

"「あなたの国では、冬に部屋の凝結(結露)をどうやって防いでいますか?」"

"「凝結と凝縮の違いについて、誰かに説明したことがありますか?」"

"「理科の実験で、何かを凝結させた思い出はありますか?」"

Temas para diario

今日、身の回りで「凝結」に関係する現象を見つけましたか?詳しく書いてみましょう。

「凝結」という言葉を使って、雲から雨が降るまでのプロセスを説明してください。

自分の感情が「凝結」して、一つの決断になった経験について書いてください(比喩的な使い方)。

冬の生活で困る「結露(凝結)」について、その対策を日本語でまとめてみましょう。

もし自分が水分子だったら、凝結する時にどんな気持ちになるか想像して書いてください。

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

You can, but it sounds very scientific. Usually, you would say 'メガネが曇る' (megane ga kumoru). If you are explaining the physics to a student, then '凝結' is perfect.

Nearly. 凝結 is the physical process (gas to liquid). 結露 is the specific manifestation of that process on a surface (like a window). In science, use 凝結; for home problems, use 結露.

It is called 凝結核 (gyōketsukaku). It refers to the tiny particles like dust that help water vapor turn into droplets.

It is primarily intransitive (the vapor condenses). To make it transitive, you say '凝結させる' (to make it condense).

Yes, it typically appears in the N2 or N1 levels, particularly in reading passages about science or the environment.

While technically possible in old texts, modern Japanese uses 凝固 (gyōko) for blood clotting. 凝結 is for vapors.

The physical opposite is 蒸発 (jōhatsu - evaporation) or 気化 (kika - vaporization).

Think of it in parts: ice (冫) + suspect (疑). It's a complex kanji, so focus on the 'ice' radical first.

Rarely. You might say '水滴がついた' (water drops appeared) on a pot lid. 凝結 sounds too much like a lab.

No. Freezing is 凝固 (gyōko) or 氷結 (hyōketsu). 凝結 stops at the liquid state.

Ponte a prueba 200 preguntas

writing

「水蒸気が冷えて液体になること」を漢字4文字で何といいますか?

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「凝結」を使って、雲ができる仕組みを簡単に説明してください。

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「凝結」の漢字を正しく書いてください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「冬の窓に水滴がつく」ことを「凝結」を使って書いてください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「凝結」と「蒸発」を使って、一文を作ってください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「凝結」の読み方をひらがなで書いてください。

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writing

「凝結」の反対語を漢字2文字で書いてください。

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writing

「凝結」を比喩的に使った文章を一つ作ってください。

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writing

「凝結核」とは何か、日本語で説明してください。

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writing

「内部凝結」という言葉を使って、建築に関する注意点を書いてください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「結露」と「凝結」の違いを簡単に説明してください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「凝結」を含む四字熟語や表現を一つ挙げてください。

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writing

「霧」の正体を「凝結」を使って説明してください。

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writing

「凝結」という言葉が使われる教科は何ですか?

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writing

「コップの表面に水がついた」を「凝結」を使って言い換えてください。

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writing

「凝」の漢字を使った別の言葉を一つ書いてください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
writing

「結」の漢字を使った別の言葉を一つ書いてください。

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writing

「凝結する」を丁寧語(ます形)に直してください。

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writing

「凝結」のプロセスで放出されるエネルギーを何といいますか?

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writing

「相転移」という言葉と「凝結」を使って文章を作ってください。

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
speaking

「凝結」という言葉を使って、冷たい飲み物のコップが濡れる理由を説明してください。

Read this aloud:

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speaking

「凝結」を3回正しく発音してください。

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speaking

「凝結」と「凝固」の違いを口頭で説明してください。

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speaking

「凝結」を使って、冬の窓の悩みについて話してください。

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speaking

「凝結」という言葉を初めて聞く人に、簡単な言葉で説明してください。

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speaking

「凝結核」が雨にどう関係するか説明してください。

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speaking

「凝縮」という言葉を使って、本の内容を説明する例文を言ってください。

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speaking

「曇る」と「凝結する」を使い分けて、状況を二つ説明してください。

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speaking

「凝結熱」が台風のエネルギーになる仕組みを説明してください。

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speaking

「凝」の漢字の書き順を、空中で指で書きながら説明してください。

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speaking

「内部凝結」が家に悪い理由を話してください。

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speaking

「凝結」をニュースキャスターのように読み上げてください。

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speaking

「凝結」の対義語「蒸発」を使って、水の循環を説明してください。

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speaking

「お風呂で鏡が見えない」状況を「凝結」を使って説明してください。

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speaking

「凝結」を使った比喩表現「想いが凝結する」を使って一言言ってください。

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speaking

「凝結」という言葉を覚えるためのコツを教えてください。

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speaking

エアコンの仕組みを「凝結」を使って説明してください。

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speaking

「露点」という言葉を「凝結」を使って定義してください。

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speaking

「凝結」を英語に訳すと何ですか?

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speaking

「凝結」の「凝」を使った他の熟語を3つ言ってください。

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listening

(音声想定)「冬の窓に水滴がつくのは、室内の水蒸気が冷たいガラスに触れて凝結するからです。」何について説明していますか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「実験の結果、このガスはマイナス10度で凝結を開始しました。」凝結は何度で始まりましたか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「凝結核となる塵が少ないため、雲ができにくい状態です。」なぜ雲ができにくいのですか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「血液の凝固を防ぐ必要があります。」この文で使われた言葉は「凝結」ですか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「この詩には、作者の孤独が凝結しています。」ここではどのような意味で使われていますか?

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¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「内部凝結を放置すると、建物の構造に深刻なダメージを与えます。」何を放置してはいけませんか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「湯気が冷えて、水滴に変わる。これを凝結と言います。」凝結の定義として正しいですか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「メガネが曇っちゃったよ。」この人は「凝結」という言葉を使いましたか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「凝結熱の放出により、周囲の温度がわずかに上昇します。」何が放出されますか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「蒸発と凝結を繰り返すことで、水は循環します。」繰り返される二つの現象は何ですか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「凝結器の故障により、生産ラインがストップしました。」何が故障しましたか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「露点温度に達しました。」これから何が起こると予想されますか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「気体から液体への相転移、すなわち凝結です。」凝結の別名は?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「ぎょうけつ」と聞こえましたか、それとも「ぎょうしゅく」と聞こえましたか?(音声を流す)

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
listening

(音声想定)「凝結しやすい環境を整えます。」何を整えますか?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:

/ 200 correct

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