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B1 adjective #3,500 más común 8 min de lectura

牢固

láogù Top 3,500

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos 牢固 en 30 segundos

Explicación 牢固 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of '牢固' (láogù) as a word for 'strong' or 'safe'. Imagine you are building something with blocks. If the blocks don't fall down, they are 牢固. If you tie your shoes very well so they don't come off, you tied them 牢固. It is an adjective that describes things that are not loose and won't break easily. You might use it to talk about a chair that is safe to sit on or a bag that won't rip. Even though it is a B1 word, you can understand it by comparing it to '好' (good) or '大' (big) but specifically for how 'tight' or 'solid' something is. Just remember: 牢固 means it stays together!

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At the A2 level, you can start using '牢固' to describe more things around you. You might use it when talking about furniture, clothes, or simple structures. For example, '这个桌子很牢固' (This table is very solid). You are moving beyond just 'good' and starting to describe the quality of how things are made. You can also use it with the particle '得' to describe an action, like '系得牢固' (tied securely). At this stage, you should focus on physical objects. Think of '牢固' as the opposite of '摇晃' (yáohuàng - shaky) or '松' (sōng - loose). If you are fixing something at home, you want it to be 牢固.

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At the B1 level, you should master '牢固' in both physical and abstract contexts. This is the level where the word is officially introduced. You should be able to use it to describe foundations (基础), friendships (友谊), and knowledge (知识). For instance, '建立牢固的友谊' (to build a firm friendship). You will see this word in textbooks and hear it in news reports about construction or international relations. You should also understand the difference between 牢固 and related words like 坚固 (hard/strong). At B1, you are expected to use it to express that something is well-established and unlikely to change or break. It's a key word for describing quality and reliability.

At the B2 level, '牢固' becomes a tool for more sophisticated description. You will use it in formal writing and discussions to talk about social structures, ideological beliefs, and complex engineering. You might encounter phrases like '牢固树立环保意识' (to firmly establish environmental awareness). At this level, you should be comfortable using it in the 'Verb + 得 + 牢固' structure and as an attributive modifier for abstract nouns like '纽带' (bond) or '地位' (position). You should also be able to distinguish it from '稳固' (stable) and '扎实' (thorough), choosing the most precise word for the context. You will likely see it in literature and professional documents.

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At the C1 level, you will appreciate the nuanced uses of '牢固' in literary and highly formal contexts. You might use it to describe the 'structural integrity' of a philosophical argument or the 'unshakeable' nature of a cultural tradition. You will understand how it functions in idioms or semi-fixed expressions used in political discourse. At this stage, you are not just using the word; you are using it to convey a specific tone of permanence and reliability. You can analyze why an author chose '牢固' over '坚固' to imply a sense of 'holding together' rather than just 'resisting force'. Your usage should be flawless and contextually perfect.

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At the C2 level, '牢固' is a word you use with native-like precision. You can use it in creative writing to evoke a sense of security or, conversely, to describe the breaking of something that was once 牢固 for dramatic effect. You understand its historical roots and how the characters 牢 and 固 contribute to its meaning. You can use it in high-level academic papers to discuss the 'firmness' of empirical evidence or the 'solidity' of a theoretical framework. You are also aware of how the word's frequency and usage might vary across different Chinese-speaking regions or historical periods. It is a fully integrated part of your advanced vocabulary.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

牢固 en 30 segundos

Means firm, secure, or solid.
Used for physical objects and abstract concepts.
Commonly paired with '基础' (foundation) and '友谊' (friendship).
Often used with '得' to show a secure result.

The Chinese adjective 牢固 (láogù) is a versatile and essential term used to describe things that are firm, secure, solid, or well-established. At its core, the word combines two characters: 牢 (láo), which historically referred to a pen for cattle or a prison (implying something that holds things securely), and 固 (gù), which means solid, strong, or unyielding. Together, they form a concept of structural or abstract stability that is difficult to break, move, or alter. This word is not just about physical hardness, but about the reliability and endurance of a connection or a foundation.

Physical Stability: When describing physical objects, 牢固 refers to things that are built to last or are tied down tightly. For example, a bridge with a 牢固 foundation can withstand earthquakes, or a knot that is tied 牢固 will not come undone even under heavy tension. It suggests a sense of safety and durability in construction and everyday objects.

这座房子的地基打得很牢固，即使有台风也不怕。(The foundation of this house is built very solidly; we aren't afraid even if there is a typhoon.)

Abstract Relationships: Beyond the physical, 牢固 is frequently used to describe the strength of human connections, such as friendships, alliances, or marriages. A 牢固的友谊 (firm friendship) is one that has stood the test of time and trials. It implies a deep level of trust and mutual support that cannot be easily disrupted by external conflicts or misunderstandings.

In a professional or academic context, the word is used to describe the mastery of knowledge or the stability of a position. If a student has a 牢固的基础 (solid foundation) in mathematics, they are well-prepared for advanced calculus. In politics, a leader might seek to establish a 牢固的地位 (secure position) through strategic alliances and popular support. The word conveys a sense of permanence and resistance to decay or collapse, making it a highly positive attribute in most scenarios. Whether you are talking about a shelf you just bolted to the wall or a lifelong partnership, 牢固 is the go-to word for expressing that something is 'here to stay'.

经过多年的合作，两家公司建立了牢固的信任关系。(After years of cooperation, the two companies have established a firm relationship of trust.)

Using 牢固 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as an adjective. It can function as an attributive (modifying a noun), a predicative (following a linking verb), or an adverbial (modifying a verb, often with '得').

As an Attributive Modifier: When modifying a noun directly, it is usually followed by '的'. For example, '牢固的基础' (a solid foundation) or '牢固的纽带' (a strong bond). This highlights a permanent quality of the noun being described.

我们需要建立一个牢固的防御体系。(We need to establish a secure defense system.)

As a Predicate: You can use it after '很' (very) or other degree adverbs to describe the state of something. For instance, '这个架子不牢固' (This shelf is not secure). This is common in everyday speech when evaluating the quality of an object or a situation.

他的专业知识非常牢固。(His professional knowledge is very solid.)

In more formal or literary contexts, 牢固 can be paired with verbs like 树立 (shùlì - to establish/set up) or 巩固 (gǒnggù - to consolidate). For example, '牢固树立...的思想' (to firmly establish the idea of...). This is a common pattern in Chinese media and educational texts to emphasize the importance of certain values or beliefs. It is also important to note that 牢固 can be used to describe things that are mentally 'stuck' or 'fixed', such as a memory or a habit. If you learn something '牢固', it means you have memorized it so well that you won't easily forget it. This demonstrates the transition from physical security to mental persistence.

要把这些单词记牢固，需要不断复习。(To memorize these words firmly, you need constant review.)

You will encounter 牢固 in a wide variety of real-world settings, ranging from construction sites to political summits. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the nuanced 'vibe' of the word.

Construction and Engineering: On a building site, engineers and foremen use 牢固 to discuss the integrity of structures. They might check if the scaffolding is 牢固 enough for workers to climb or if the cement has dried to form a 牢固 foundation. In this context, it is a matter of safety and technical standards.

工程师检查了桥梁，确保连接处非常牢固。(The engineer inspected the bridge to ensure the joints were very secure.)

Diplomacy and Business: In news broadcasts and official speeches, 牢固 is a high-frequency word used to describe international relations. Phrases like '牢固的双边关系' (firm bilateral relations) or '牢固的合作伙伴关系' (solid partnership) are standard diplomatic jargon. It signals that the relationship is stable and resistant to external interference.

In domestic life, you might hear a parent telling a child to tie their shoelaces 牢固 (tightly/securely) so they don't trip. Or, if you are moving houses, you might ask the movers to make sure the boxes are taped 牢固. In the realm of education, teachers often emphasize the need to '牢固掌握' (firmly master) the basics before moving on to complex topics. This wide range of applications—from the macro-scale of global politics to the micro-scale of tying a shoe—makes 牢固 a foundational word for any student of Chinese. It bridges the gap between the material world and the world of ideas, providing a single term for the concept of 'unshakeability'.

我们必须打下牢固的语言基础，才能学好外语。(We must lay a firm linguistic foundation to learn a foreign language well.)

While 牢固 is a common word, learners often confuse it with other adjectives that share similar meanings in English but have distinct nuances in Chinese. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Chinese sound more natural and precise.

牢固 vs. 坚固 (jiāngù): This is the most common confusion. 坚固 emphasizes 'hardness' and 'resistance to pressure' (like a fortress or a diamond). 牢固 emphasizes 'firmness', 'stability', and 'not being loose' (like a knot or a foundation). You would call a stone wall 坚固, but you would call the way the wall is attached to the ground 牢固.

Incorrect: 他的意志很牢固。 (His will is firm.) -> Correct: 他的意志很坚定 (jiāndìng).

牢固 vs. 稳定 (wěndìng): 稳定 means 'stable' or 'consistent', often referring to a state that doesn't fluctuate (like prices or emotions). 牢固 is more about the 'structural integrity' or 'attachment'. You have a 稳定 (stable) job, but a 牢固 (secure) position in a company.

Another mistake is overusing 牢固 for things that are simply 'hard'. If you want to say a piece of wood is hard, use '硬' (yìng). 牢固 is about the *connection* or the *setup*. If the wood is nailed to a post and doesn't wobble, then it is 牢固. Furthermore, learners sometimes forget to use the particle '得' when using 牢固 as a resultative complement. For example, saying '系牢固' is understandable, but '系得牢固' is grammatically complete. Finally, be careful with abstract concepts; while you can have a 牢固的友谊 (firm friendship), you wouldn't usually say a 牢固的计划 (firm plan)—for plans, '周密' (zhōumì - thorough) or '确定' (quèdìng - definite) are better choices.

这根绳子系得不牢固，可能会松掉。(This rope isn't tied securely; it might come loose.)

To enrich your vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that are synonyms or near-synonyms of 牢固. Each of these carries a slightly different flavor and is used in specific contexts.

稳固 (wěngù): Very similar to 牢固, but with a stronger emphasis on 'stability' (稳). It is often used for positions, regimes, or structures that are balanced and unlikely to tip over. Example: 稳固的统治 (stable rule).
坚实 (jiānshí): Combines 'hard' (坚) and 'solid/real' (实). It is often used for foundations or steps. It suggests something that can bear a lot of weight. Example: 坚实的基础 (a solid/substantial foundation).
扎实 (zhāshí): Specifically used for work, study, or skills. It means 'grounded' or 'thorough'. If your Chinese is 扎实, it means you have learned the basics very well. It's less about physical strength and more about the quality of effort.

对比：
1. 关系很牢固 (Relationship is firm/unbreakable).
2. 地位很稳固 (Position is stable/secure).
3. 基础很扎实 (Foundation/skills are solid/thorough).

Choosing between these depends on what you want to emphasize. If you want to say something won't fall apart, use 牢固. If you want to say it won't shake or change, use 稳固. If you want to praise someone's hard work and mastery of a subject, use 扎实. In formal writing, using a variety of these terms can make your prose more sophisticated. For instance, in an essay about economic development, you might say that '牢固的社会结构' (firm social structure) and '稳固的货币政策' (stable monetary policy) are both necessary for '坚实的经济增长' (solid economic growth). Understanding these nuances allows you to move beyond simple adjectives and express complex ideas with precision.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

In ancient times, '牢' also referred to sacrificial animals (like oxen or sheep) that were kept in pens, which is why it carries the connotation of being 'held securely'.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /laʊ²⁴ ku⁵¹/

US /laʊ²⁴ ku⁵¹/

Primary stress is on the first syllable 'láo' in standard Mandarin rhythm.

Rima con

bǎo (宝) dǎo (岛) kǎo (考) lǎo (老) mǎo (卯) nǎo (脑) pǎo (跑) sǎo (扫)

Errores comunes

Pronouncing 'láo' as 1st tone (lāo).
Pronouncing 'gù' as 3rd tone (gǔ).
Confusing the 'ao' sound with 'ou'.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 3/5

The characters are common but '牢' can be forgotten by beginners.

Escritura 4/5

Writing '牢' and '固' requires attention to stroke order and radicals.

Expresión oral 3/5

Tones (2nd and 4th) are distinct and relatively easy to master.

Escucha 2/5

Clearly pronounced and distinct from other common words.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

好 (good) 大 (big) 基础 (foundation) 朋友 (friend) 学习 (study)

Aprende después

稳固 (stable) 坚固 (hard/strong) 巩固 (consolidate) 树立 (establish) 掌握 (master)

Avanzado

根深蒂固 (deeply rooted) 坚不可摧 (indestructible) 基石 (cornerstone)

Gramática que debes saber

Resultative Complement with '得'

他把绳子系得很牢固。

Adjective as Attributive Modifier

牢固的友谊需要时间。

Degree Adverbs with Adjectives

这个地基非常牢固。

Negative form with '不'

这个椅子不牢固。

Comparative with '更'

我们要让合作更牢固。

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Ejemplos por nivel

这个椅子很牢固。

This chair is very firm.

Subject + 很 + Adjective (牢固).

绳子系得牢固吗？

Is the rope tied securely?

Verb + 得 + Adjective (Resultative complement).

我的书包很牢固。

My schoolbag is very strong.

Simple descriptive sentence.

这双鞋很牢固。

These shoes are very solid.

Describing the quality of an object.

盒子封得很牢固。

The box is sealed very securely.

Using '得' to show the result of 'sealing'.

这个玩具很牢固，不会坏。

This toy is very solid; it won't break.

Adjective + result clause.

我们要打牢固的基础。

We need to build a firm foundation.

Adjective (牢固) + Noun (基础).

门关得很牢固。

The door is closed very securely.

Verb + 得 + Adjective.

请把架子安装得牢固一点。

Please install the shelf a bit more securely.

Imperative sentence with '得'.

这种材料非常牢固。

This kind of material is very solid.

Degree adverb '非常' + Adjective.

我们的友谊很牢固。

Our friendship is very firm.

Abstract use of '牢固'.

这棵大树的根很牢固。

The roots of this big tree are very firm.

Describing natural objects.

我们要保证桥梁的牢固。

We must ensure the firmness of the bridge.

Using '牢固' as a noun/state in a '保证' clause.

他把衣服挂得很牢固。

He hung the clothes very securely.

Subject + Object + Verb + 得 + Adjective.

这个帐篷搭得不牢固。

This tent is not set up securely.

Negative form: 不 + 牢固.

我们要把知识记牢固。

We should memorize the knowledge firmly.

Resultative use with '记'.

只有基础牢固，才能学好数学。

Only if the foundation is firm can you learn math well.

Conditional structure: 只有...才...

两国的合作关系非常牢固。

The cooperative relationship between the two countries is very firm.

Formal usage for relationships.

这种胶水粘得非常牢固。

This glue sticks very firmly.

Describing functional performance.

他在公司的地位越来越牢固。

His position in the company is becoming more and more secure.

Progressive change with '越来越'.

我们要牢固树立安全意识。

We must firmly establish safety awareness.

Standard collocation: 牢固树立.

经过测试，这个零件安装得很牢固。

After testing, this part is installed very securely.

Context of quality control.

这个理论有牢固的事实基础。

This theory has a firm factual basis.

Adjective modifying '事实基础'.

他说话算数，信用很牢固。

He keeps his word; his credit is very solid.

Describing reputation/credit.

构建牢固的社会保障体系至关重要。

Building a solid social security system is of vital importance.

Formal policy language.

这种传统在农村依然有着牢固的地位。

This tradition still holds a secure position in the countryside.

Describing cultural persistence.

我们要把学习成果巩固得更牢固。

We need to consolidate our learning achievements more firmly.

Using '巩固' with '牢固'.

他的观点建立在牢固的数据分析之上。

His viewpoint is built upon solid data analysis.

Abstract academic usage.

这种纽带比我们想象的还要牢固。

This bond is even firmer than we imagined.

Comparative structure.

为了确保安全，必须把栏杆固定牢固。

To ensure safety, the railings must be fixed securely.

Purpose clause '为了' + requirement.

他的记忆力很好，学过的东西记极其牢固。

He has a good memory; what he learns is remembered extremely firmly.

Adverb '极其' + 牢固.

这种信任是建立在长期合作的基础之上的，非常牢固。

This trust is built on the basis of long-term cooperation and is very firm.

Complex sentence with multiple clauses.

牢固的政治联盟是地区稳定的基石。

A firm political alliance is the cornerstone of regional stability.

Metaphorical usage (基石).

该学说在学术界已经确立了牢固的地位。

This theory has established a secure position in academia.

Formal academic register.

我们要牢固把握发展的机遇。

We must firmly grasp the opportunities for development.

Abstract verb-object collocation.

这种信念在他心中早已扎下了牢固的根。

This belief has long since taken firm root in his heart.

Literary metaphor.

法律的威严建立在牢固的民意基础之上。

The majesty of the law is built on a solid foundation of public opinion.

High-level political/legal discourse.

即使在危机时刻，他们的团结依然牢固。

Even in times of crisis, their unity remains firm.

Concessive clause '即使...依然'.

建筑师通过巧妙的设计，使结构更加牢固。

Through clever design, the architect made the structure more solid.

Using '使' (to make/cause).

这种文化认同感是极其牢固而深沉的。

This sense of cultural identity is extremely firm and deep.

Coordinated adjectives (牢固而深沉).

在瞬息万变的市场中，没有什么是绝对牢固的。

In an ever-changing market, nothing is absolutely secure.

Philosophical/Abstract observation.

这种权力结构的牢固性正面临着前所未有的挑战。

The firmness of this power structure is facing unprecedented challenges.

Using '牢固性' as a noun.

他试图通过各种手段来固化其牢固的阶级地位。

He attempted to solidify his secure class status through various means.

Sociological context.

该协议为未来的深度合作奠定了牢固的法律框架。

The agreement laid a firm legal framework for future deep cooperation.

Professional legal/diplomatic usage.

由于缺乏牢固的逻辑支撑，他的论点不攻自破。

Due to a lack of solid logical support, his argument collapsed on its own.

Idiomatic expression (不攻自破).

我们要牢固树立人类命运共同体意识。

We must firmly establish the awareness of a community with a shared future for mankind.

Advanced political slogan.

虽然外界压力巨大，但他们的核心价值观依然牢固。

Although external pressure is great, their core values remain firm.

Contrastive structure.

这种技术的牢固程度决定了产品的最终寿命。

The degree of firmness/reliability of this technology determines the final lifespan of the product.

Using '程度' to quantify the adjective.

Colocaciones comunes

基础牢固

关系牢固

友谊牢固

地位牢固

系得牢固

树立牢固

结构牢固

掌握牢固

绑定牢固

封口牢固

Frases Comunes

牢固树立

— To firmly establish a concept or idea.

我们要牢固树立绿色发展理念。

根基牢固

— The foundation is very deep and firm.

这家百年老店根基牢固。

团结牢固

— Unity is firm and unbreakable.

全班同学团结牢固。

防御牢固

— Defense is secure and hard to penetrate.

这个城市的防御非常牢固。

证据牢固

— Evidence is solid and undeniable.

他提供了牢固的证据。

记忆牢固

— Memory is firm and not easily forgotten.

这些童年往事我记极其牢固。

联盟牢固

— An alliance that is strong and stable.

两个部落形成了牢固的联盟。

结合牢固

— Combined or joined together very tightly.

这两个零件结合得非常牢固。

信仰牢固

— Faith or belief is unshakeable.

他的信仰非常牢固。

底盘牢固

— The chassis (of a car) is solid and stable.

这款车的底盘非常牢固。

Se confunde a menudo con

牢固 vs 坚固

Focuses on physical strength/hardness (e.g., a wall).

牢固 vs 稳固

Focuses on stability and lack of change (e.g., a regime).

牢固 vs 扎实

Focuses on being grounded and thorough (e.g., study).

Modismos y expresiones

"根深蒂固"

— Deeply rooted; hard to change (often for habits or ideas).

这种偏见在他心里根深蒂固。

Formal

"坚不可摧"

— Indestructible; extremely firm.

我们的友谊坚不可摧。

Literary

"稳如泰山"

— As stable as Mount Tai.

他的地位稳如泰山。

Literary

"坚如磐石"

— As firm as a huge rock.

我们的信念坚如磐石。

Literary

"安如磐石"

— As safe and secure as a huge rock.

国家政权安如磐石。

Formal

"不可动摇"

— Unshakeable; cannot be moved.

这是我们不可动摇的原则。

Formal

"稳扎稳打"

— To go forward steadily and strike sure blows.

我们要稳扎稳打，不要急躁。

Neutral

"雷打不动"

— Unalterable; unshakeable (like something thunder cannot move).

他每天早起跑步是雷打不动的习惯。

Informal

"固若金汤"

— Strongly fortified (as if with walls of metal and a moat of boiling water).

这座要塞固若金汤。

Literary

"精诚团结"

— Sincere unity (very firm unity).

大家精诚团结，共克时艰。

Formal

Fácil de confundir

牢固 vs 坚固

Both mean 'strong' or 'solid'.

'坚固' is about hardness and resisting destruction. '牢固' is about being well-fastened and secure.

坚固的盾牌 (Strong shield) vs. 牢固的挂钩 (Secure hook).

牢固 vs 稳定

Both imply something that doesn't change easily.

'稳定' describes a state or rate (like prices). '牢固' describes structural integrity or connections.

稳定的情绪 (Stable mood) vs. 牢固的地位 (Secure position).

牢固 vs 扎实

Both describe a good foundation.

'扎实' is specifically for work, skills, or character. '牢固' is more general.

基本功扎实 (Solid basic skills) vs. 基础牢固 (Solid foundation).

牢固 vs 结实

Both mean durable or strong.

'结实' is more colloquial and often describes objects or people's bodies. '牢固' is more formal and includes abstract connections.

这双鞋很结实 (These shoes are durable) vs. 牢固的盟约 (Firm covenant).

牢固 vs 固定

Both relate to things staying in place.

'固定' is a verb/adjective meaning 'set' or 'fixed'. '牢固' describes the *quality* of being fixed.

固定电话 (Fixed phone) vs. 固定得很牢固 (Fixed very securely).

Patrones de oraciones

Subject + 很 + 牢固。

这个桌子很牢固。

Verb + 得 + 牢固。

系得牢固。

只有...基础牢固，才...

只有基础牢固，才能学好。

建立 + 牢固的 + Noun

建立牢固的友谊。

牢固树立 + Abstract Noun

牢固树立安全意识。

Noun + 的牢固性 + Verb...

结构的牢固性非常重要。

建立在...牢固基础之上

建立在信任的牢固基础之上。

...是极其牢固而...的

这种地位是极其牢固而神圣的。

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

牢固性 (firmness/solidity)

Verbos

巩固 (to consolidate)

加固 (to reinforce)

Adjetivos

牢固 (firm)

稳固 (stable)

Relacionado

坚固

结实

牢靠

固定

固执

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

High in both spoken and written Chinese.

Errores comunes

这个苹果很牢固。 → 这个苹果很硬。
'牢固' is for structural stability, not the hardness of fruit.
他的性格很牢固。 → 他的性格很稳重。
'牢固' is not used to describe human personality.
我们要牢固我们的友谊。 → 我们要巩固我们的友谊。
'牢固' is an adjective, not a verb. Use '巩固' (consolidate) as the verb.
绳子系牢固了。 → 绳子系得牢固了。
Missing the resultative particle '得'.
坚固的基础。 → 牢固的基础。
While '坚固' is possible, '牢固' is the much more common and natural collocation for 'foundation'.

Consejos

Pairing with '基础'

Always use '牢固' when talking about a foundation, whether it's for a building or for learning a skill.

The '得' Rule

When '牢固' follows a verb to show the result, don't forget '得' (e.g., 粘得牢固).

Abstract vs. Physical

Remember that '牢固' works for both a physical shelf and an abstract friendship.

Tone Practice

Practice the 2nd-4th tone combination (láo-gù). It's a common rhythm in Chinese.

Diplomatic Language

If you read Chinese news, you will see '牢固' used for international relationships almost every day.

Formal Writing

In essays, use '牢固树立' to express the firm establishment of an idea.

Character Breakdown

Visualize the cow in the pen (牢) and the ancient enclosure (固).

'牢固' vs '坚固'

Think: '牢固' = won't come loose; '坚固' = won't break.

Don't use for people

Avoid calling a person '牢固'; use '靠谱' for reliable.

Learn the Idioms

Once you know '牢固', learn '根深蒂固' to describe deep-rooted habits.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of a 'Cow' (牛) in a 'House' (宀) that is 'Old' (古) and 'Enclosed' (囗). It's not going anywhere! It's 牢固.

Asociación visual

Imagine a huge stone bridge with roots growing deep into the earth. The bridge doesn't shake; it is 牢固.

Word Web

Construction Friendship Foundation Memory Knot Security Stability Mastery

Desafío

Try to use '牢固' to describe three different things in your room right now: one physical, one abstract, and one mental.

Origen de la palabra

The character '牢' (láo) originally depicted cattle (牛) inside a pen or enclosure (宀). This implied a place that was secure and from which animals could not escape. The character '固' (gù) consists of '囗' (enclosure) and '古' (old), suggesting something that has been enclosed for a long time and has become hard or stable.

Significado original: A secure enclosure or a well-fixed state.

Sino-Tibetan

Contexto cultural

No specific sensitivities; this is a positive, neutral term.

English speakers might use 'solid' or 'rock-solid' in similar contexts, but '牢固' is often more specific to the 'fastening' or 'attachment' of things.

Great Wall of China (symbol of 牢固) Confucian Analects (on foundational learning) Political slogans about social stability.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Construction

地基牢固 (firm foundation)
结构牢固 (firm structure)
加固建筑 (reinforce building)
安装牢固 (install securely)

Relationships

友谊牢固 (firm friendship)
关系牢固 (firm relationship)
信任牢固 (firm trust)
纽带牢固 (firm bond)

Education

基础牢固 (firm foundation)
掌握牢固 (master firmly)
记牢固 (memorize firmly)
知识牢固 (solid knowledge)

Everyday Life

系得牢固 (tie securely)
封得牢固 (seal securely)
粘得牢固 (stick firmly)
关得牢固 (close securely)

Politics/Business

地位牢固 (secure position)
联盟牢固 (firm alliance)
合作牢固 (firm cooperation)
基础牢固 (solid basis)

Inicios de conversación

"你觉得什么样的友谊才算牢固？ (What kind of friendship do you think is firm?)"

"为了让房子更牢固，我们需要做什么？ (What do we need to do to make the house firmer?)"

"你如何保证自己掌握的知识很牢固？ (How do you ensure the knowledge you master is solid?)"

"在你的国家，哪种建筑最牢固？ (In your country, which building is the most solid?)"

"你觉得这个架子安装得够牢固吗？ (Do you think this shelf is installed securely enough?)"

Temas para diario

写一写你和你最好朋友之间那段牢固的友谊。 (Write about the firm friendship between you and your best friend.)

描述一次你因为东西不牢固而遇到的麻烦。 (Describe a time you had trouble because something wasn't secure.)

谈谈你认为学习外语时，什么是最牢固的基础。 (Talk about what you think is the most solid foundation when learning a foreign language.)

如果你要建造一座牢固的房子，你会选择什么材料？ (If you were to build a solid house, what materials would you choose?)

反思一下，你的哪些信念是牢固不可动摇的？ (Reflect on which of your beliefs are firm and unshakeable.)

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

Generally no. You don't say a person is '牢固'. Use '稳重' for a stable personality or '结实' for a strong body.

Yes, '牢固' is used in formal writing and news, while '结实' is common in everyday speech for physical durability.

It's better to say '他的中文基础很牢固' or '他的中文很扎实'.

They are very close. '牢固' emphasizes the connection/fastening, while '稳固' emphasizes the lack of wobbling or movement.

No. For food texture, use '硬' (hard) or '脆' (crispy).

You can use the idiom '坚如磐石' or simply '非常牢固'.

Yes, '系得牢固' is the standard way to say a knot is tied securely.

No, for prices use '稳定' (stable).

Almost always. It implies reliability, safety, and strength.

No, it is an adjective. The verb form is '加固' (to reinforce) or '巩固' (to consolidate).

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